1、.单词根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词，并进行适当拓展。1_(adj.)有关的，切题的_(n.)2_(vt.&vi.)调整；使适合_(n.)3_(adj.)软的；柔软的；(指声音)轻柔的；低声的_(adv.)柔软地；轻柔地；柔和地4_(n.)安排，排列_(v.)5_(vi.)参与；参加_(n.)6_(n.)分配；分发_(vt.)7 _(n.)财 政，资 金(vt.)为 提 供 资 金_(adj.)财务的；金融的；财政的8_(n.)安全；保护；保障_(adj.)安全的；安定的9_(adj.)遥远的；偏僻的_(同义词)10_(vt.)捐赠_(n.)答案：1.relevant;relevance2.a
2、djust;adjustment3.soft;softly4.arrangement;arrange5.participate;participation 6 distribution;distribute7.finance;financial8.security;secure9.remote;faraway10.donate;donation.短语1hear_ 接到的来信2be dying_ 极想；渴望3come_ 偶然遇到或发现；碰见4stick_ 伸出5dry_(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透6dry_(指河流、井等)干涸7_need 在困难中；在危急中8participate_ 参加；参
3、与答案：1.from2.for3.across4.out5.out6.up7.in 8in.语篇导读Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.A letter homeJos high schoolIts a(n)_1_schoolthe classrooms are made of_2_and the roofs of grass.Theres no_3_or water and we dont have any textbooks.Jos first visit to a villageTime to get thereTwo and a
4、 half hours of walkingDescription of the houseA low bamboo hut with grass _4_of the roofNo windowsNarrow doorway_5_the houseA newly made_6_for Jenny and me to sleep onA(n)_7_in the centre of the hut near the doorwayA few tin plates and cups and_8_Outside the houseMukap_9_stones on the fire,and he pl
5、aced them in an empty oil drum with kaokau,corn and greens.He then_10_the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam.1._2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._答案：1.bush2.bamboo3.electricity4.sticking out 5Inside6.platform7.fireplace8.jars9.laid10covered1adapt vt.使适应1)He adapted himself to the cold weat
6、her.他适应了寒冷的天气。2)Some species of animals have become extinct because they could not adapt to a changing environment.有一些动物已经灭绝了，因为它们不能适应环境的变化。词语辨析adapt与fit 这两个词都含有“适合”，“适应”的意思。(1)adapt指只作细微的修改或变动就能使自己适应新的环境或条件，常与介词for，to 连用。The book is adapted for beginners.这本书适合初学者。When he moved to Canada，the childre
7、n adapted to the change very well.他移居加拿大后，孩子们很能适应变化。(2)fit 多指事物的形状、大小、尺寸适合某人或某物。This pair of trousers doesnt fit me well.这条裤子我穿不太合身。Her height fitted her for basketball.她的身高适合打篮球。知识运用(1)He cannot _himself to being free.Asuit Bsuit for Cadapt Daccept答案：C四个选项，只有adapt可和to连用，意为“适应”。(2)The new teacher wa
8、s very slow to _the unusual rules of the school.Aadapt for Badapt to Cadapting for Dadapting to答案：Badapt for适合，adapt to适应，可知“适应”规则符合逻辑；又sb.beadj.to do这一结构中的to为不定式，所以B为正确答案。2relevant adj.有关的；切题的His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.他的国籍与他是否是一位好律师无关。This type of university cou
9、rse is no longer relevant to todays problem.这类大学课程就当今问题的关系而论已不再有实际价值。Have all the relevant documents ready.把一切有关文件准备妥当。知识拓展be relevant to sb./sth.与某人/某事有关These comments are not directly relevant to this enquiry.这些意见与这项调查没有直接联系。知识运用(1)You tell me everything and I will decide which details are_.Apoten
10、tialBsuitableCrelevantDvoluntary答案：C本题题意：你把所有的东西告诉我，然后我来决定哪些是重要的。relevant表示“有意义的；关系重大的”。(2)改错This type of university course is no longer relevant in todays problems._答案：into本题题意：这类大学课程对当今的问题而言已没有实际价值。be relevant to 表示“与紧密相关的；切题的”。3adjust vt.调整，使适合You can adjust the color on the TV by turning this kn
11、ob.你可以转动这个旋钮来调整电视的色彩。Please do not adjust your set.请勿自行调节您的电视。The body quickly adjusts to changes in temperature.身体迅速调节以适应气温的变化。知识拓展adjust.to.根据调整adjust sb/oneself to.使某人/自己习惯于；适应adjust to(doing)sth.适应/习惯(做)某事词语辨析adjust与adapt(1)adjust指借正当的判断或熟练的技术使某两者相配合。主要用于调整角度、高度、光点等。He adjusted the cars engine.他
12、调整了汽车引擎。(2)adapt指使某物或某人做稍微的改变，以适应新的需要。强调改变的目的性和重要性。I quickly adapted myself to the new school life.很快我就适应了学校的新生活。知识运用(1)You cant see through the telescope until it is_to your eyes.Aadapted Badopted Cappealed Dadjusted答案：D本题题意：你把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后，你才看得见。adjust表示“调整；调节”。(2)Could you please tell us the qua
13、ntity you require so that we may_our price accordingly.AadaptBadoptCadjustDaccept答案：C本题题意：请您说明你们大概要订购的数量，以便我们做相应的调整。adjust表示“调整；调节”。4participate vi.参与；参加We encourage students to participate fully in the running of the college.我们鼓励学生全面参与学院的运作。Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively
14、in these discussions.全班同学都应该积极参与这些讨论。知识拓展(1)participate in 参加(2)participate in(doing)sth.with sb.同某人一起参加/参与(做)某事词语辨析participate,take part in,attend,join in与join这些动词或词组均含“参加，加入”之意。(1)participate正式用词，特指参加团体活动，暗示以一个积极的角色参加。Everyone in the class is expected to participate in the discussion.希望全班同学参加讨论。(2
15、)take part in侧重参加某项群众性、集体性的事业、工作或活动，突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。We all had to take part in the training run,with nobody excepted.我们大家都得参加跑步训练，无人例外。(3)attend侧重参加或出席会议、讲话、演讲、婚礼、典礼或学术活动等。如果参加的是晚会、舞会、电影招待会时，一般不用attend，而用join in/take part in.He did not attend the meeting yesterday.昨天他没有参加会议。(4)join in 参加某项(正在进行的)活动，
16、尤指娱乐性活动。常替代take part in，可用作不及物短语动词。I will join in the project,heart and hand.我会满腔热情地参加这项工程。(5)join普通用词，指加入党派、团体或游戏活动等。He joined us in the discussion yesterday.他昨天参加了我们的讨论。知识运用采用join in,join,take part in,attend或participate的适当形式填空：(1)He is the man who_the exhibition with you yesterday.(2)Ill persuade
17、him to_our club.(3)They had a quiet weddingonly a few friends_(it)(4)They came out for their morning exercises.I also_.(5)Will you all_singing the song,please?答案：(1)took part in/participated in本题题意：他是昨天和你一起参加展览的人。(2)join 本题题意：我将劝他加入我们的俱乐部。(3)attended本题题意：他们的婚礼静悄悄的只有几个朋友参加。(4)joined in本题题意：他们出来做早操，我也
18、跟着做。(5)join in 本题题意：请大家一道来唱首歌好吗？5otherwise1)conj.要不然；否则You must go now,otherwise youll miss the bus.你必须现在就走，否则的话，你会错过公共汽车。Put your coat on,otherwise youll get cold.穿上外套，不然你会感冒的。We were delayed at the airport,otherwise we would have been here by lunchtime.我们在机场延误了时间，否则的话，我们就可以在吃午餐前赶到这儿。2)adv.不同地；用别的方
19、式；另外；除此以外；在其他方面The article is long,but not otherwise blameworthy.这篇文章是长了点，其他倒没什么可指责的。He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten.他提醒了我，要不然我就会把这事给忘了。A lot of people think otherwise.很多人则不这样认为。知识运用(1)Im not feeling very well today_I would do it myself.Aanyway Botherwise Csomehow Dtherefore
20、答案：B本题题意：今天我身体不太舒服，否则这事我就亲自去做了。otherwise表示“否则；不然”。(2)(湖北省八校2010届高三第二次联考)The cousins are alike in age,but_they are as different as day and night.Aanyhow BbesidesCotherwise Dmoreover答案：C本题题意：这对表兄弟年龄相仿，但在其他方面，他们却有着天壤之别。otherwise表示“在其他方面；除此以外”。注意：as different as day and night表示“黑白分明(天壤之别)”。(3)(2010年 东 北
21、 三 省 四 市 第 二 次 联 合 考 试)These natural parks are very important for preserving animals,which would_run the risk of extinction.Aotherwise Btherefore Cbesides Dhowever答案：A本题题意：这些自然公园对于保护动物来说 是 非 常 重 要 的，否 则 动 物 会 有 濒 临 灭 绝 的 危 险。otherwise表示“否则，不然”。1hear from 接到的信Im glad to hear from you.收到你的信我很高兴。Months
22、 have passed before I hear from my friend again.好几个月过去后我才再次收到我朋友的信。知识拓展hear about/of 听说，听到该短语为动介短语，指间接获得某人或某事的情况及消息等。Weve been hearing a lot about that young tennis player lately.最近我们听到了许多关于那位年轻网球选手的事。Whos he？Ive never heard of him.他是谁？我从来没有听说过他。知识运用(1)用hear from,hear of,hear out填空。I look forward to
23、_ _you.Ive_ _a job which would be just right for you._me_first,Jane,and then you can say what you think.答案：(1)hearing fromheard ofHear;out(2)(2008湖南)When did you last hear_Jay?He phoned me this morning,and we agreed _a time and place to meet.Aof;to Babout;withCform;with Dfrom;on答案：D本题题意：“你最后一次得知杰伊的消
24、息是什么时候？”“今天早上他给我打电话，我们约定了见面的时间和地点。”hear about/of“听到有关，听说”；hear from“收到的来信；得知某人的信息”；agree on sth.“在方面取得一致意见”；agree to do sth.“同意做某事”；agree to sth.“同意(计划、安排、方案)”；agree with sth./sb.“同意某人(的意见)”。2be dying to 极想，渴望We are all dying to know the fact.我们都急于知道真相。She is dying to see you.她渴望见到你。知识拓展(1)be dying
25、for 口语渴望，很想He was dying for a drink.他很渴望喝点水。(2)be thirsty for，be eager for 渴望He was thirsty for power.他渴望拥有权力。He is eager for success.他渴望成功。知识运用完成句子(1)她急于出国。She_ _ _ _abroad.(2)他很渴望买到那辆车。He_ _ _that car.答案：(1)is dying to go(2)is dying for3come across 偶然遇到或发现，碰见She came across some old letters in the
26、 course of her search.她在找东西时偶然发现了一些旧信件。Your speech came across very well.你的演说相当受欢迎。When I was in Guangdong I came across an old friend.我在广东时碰见了一位老朋友。知识拓展1)come out(of sth)除去(颜色、记号)，消失；(从固定处)除掉，去掉Ive washed this shirt twice and the ink still hasnt come out.这件衬衣我洗了两次，墨迹还是洗不掉。2)come about(that.)发生The a
27、rgument came about because they were talking about politics.争论是因为他们谈论到政治而引起的。3)come across/over 被理解；被弄懂The speaker spoke for a long time but I am afraid his meaning did not come across.那位演讲人讲了很久，但是他的意思恐怕没有人会理解。4)come out(1)出版，发行或发表Her new novel will be coming out in time for the Christmas sales.她的新小
28、说将赶在圣诞节购物潮时发行。(2)(太阳、月亮、星星)等出现，露出The rain stopped and the sun came out.雨停后太阳出来了。5)come along(用于命令)赶快；加把劲Come on，or well be late.快点，否则我们要迟到了。6)come around/round(to.)恢复知觉；苏醒After this muchneeded rain our crops will come around again.有了这阵及时雨我们的庄稼就会缓过来了。7)come at sb扑向(某人)The man came at the boy with a s
29、tick.那人拿着一根棍子向男孩扑过去。8)come back 回来，返回；再度流行，再次成功Ill come back in two hours.我两小时后就回来。9)come back(to sb)恢复记忆；回想起The scene comes back to my mind.那情景又浮现在我的脑海中。10)come from 出生于；来自What country does he come from?他是哪国人？11)come in|come into进入Come into the garden and Ill show you my roses.到花园里来，我给你看我的玫瑰花。12)co
30、me on(1)(用于命令)快；加油；加把劲Come on!We must hurry!快来！我们得赶紧了！(2)(表示知道某人所说的话不正确)得了吧Oh,come onyou know that isnt true!咳，得了吧！你知道那不是真的！13)come to(1)合计；总计；总共The bill comes to ten million dollars.预算总计1000万美元。(2)达到(某状况，尤指坏的局面)The boy has no character.He will never come to much.这个男孩没有个性，将来不会有大的作为。14)come up(1)长出地面
31、；破土而出The flowers should be coming up;now it is spring.春天到了，花儿该开放了。(2)被提及；被讨论A number of questions came up at the meeting.会议上提出了许多问题。15)come up(to sb)(为攀谈而)走到跟前，走近She came up and said,“Glad to meet you.”她走过来说，“很高兴见到你。”16)come up with 找到(答案)He came up with good ideas for the product promotion.他想出一个推广产
32、品的好方法。知识运用采用适当的介词或副词填空：(1)That magazine comes_once a month.(2)Come_，and have it out in plain words.(3)I hope you can come_with a better plan than this.(4)How did it come_that the man is dismissed?(5)Your speech came_very well;everyone understands your opinion now.(6)When important questions come_，th
33、e members often lose their dignified ways and shout at each other.(7)Short skirts are coming_.(8)The noise came_us from all sides.(9)If you go on like this，you will come_nothing.(10)“The rain is wetting your dress;please do come_，”he said.(11)These creatures were believed to have come_outer space.(1
34、2)Pour some water on his face and hell soon come_.答案：(1)out 本题题意：那个杂志每月出一期。(2)on 本题题意：来，把它用明白的语言说出来。(3)up本题题意：我希望你能提出比这更好的计划来。(4)about 本题题意：那个人被解雇了，怎么回事？(5)across本题题意：你的发言清楚明了，现在大家都理解你的观点了。(6)up本题题意：重要的问题一被提出来，议员们常常是失去了他们庄严的风度，互相争吵起来。(7)back 本题题意：短裙又开始流行起来。(8)at 本题题意：噪音从四面八方向我们扑来。(9)to本题题意：如果你继续这样下去
35、，你将一事无成。(10)in本题题意：“雨把您的衣服打湿了；请您务必进来，”他说。(11)from 本题题意：据信这种生物来自外太空。(12)round/around本题题意：往他脸上泼些水他很快就能醒过来。4stick out 伸出；显眼She stuck out her foot and tripped him over.她伸出脚把他绊倒了。They wrote the notice in red letters so that it would stick out.他们用红字写出通知，这样会显眼些。知识拓展(1)stick to 坚持(to 是介词)(2)stick out for st
36、h.坚持要求；不得到不罢休知识运用(1)(2004湖北32)Once a decision has been made,all of us should_it.Adirect to Bstick to Clead to Drefer to 答案：B本题题意：事情一旦决定了，我们所有的人都必须遵守。stick to 表示“坚持(计划、建议、原则、理论、语言、规则等，有执意不变的意思)”。(2)My house is the only brick one on the street.It_out and you cant miss it.Apicks outBturns outCsticks ou
37、tDfigures out答案：C本题题意：我的房子是这条街上唯一的一栋砖房，它很显眼，你不会找不到的。stick out表示“醒目”，相当于stand out.5dry out(使)变干；干透Water the plant regularly，never letting the soil dry out.经常给植物浇水，别让土壤干透了。Dry out the wet clothes in the sun.把湿衣服拿到太阳底下去晾干。知识拓展dry up(河流、湖泊等)干涸；枯竭；耗尽During the drought the river dried up.干旱期间，河流都干涸了。As sh
38、e got older，offers of modelling work began to dry up.随着年龄渐长，邀请她作模特的工作也越来越少。知识运用用dry out/dry up填空(1)Dont leave the bread on the table.It will_.(2)Hot sun and cold winds can_your skin.(3)We waited for our wet clothes to _.(4)After he retired，offers of meals_.答案：(1)dry out(2)dry out(3)dry out(4)dried u
39、pWhen hot，he placed them in an empty oil drum with kao kau,corn and greens.烧热之后，他把石头放在一个空油桶里，加上一些考考、玉米和青菜。知识剖析when hot是一个省略句，完整的句子是：when the stones are hot。当when/while/if/unless/than等引导状语从句时，经常省略与主句相同的主语和系动词be。You can turn to him for help whenever possible.只要有可能你随时可以请他帮忙。When in trouble，she always g
40、oes to her teacher for help.她有困难时总找老师帮忙。知识运用(1)(2010浙江8)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if_regularly,can improve our health.Abeing carried out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out 答案：C本题题意：实验结果表明，适度大运动量锻炼如果定期进行可以改善我们的健康。本题考查状语从句的省略，其完整形式为if it is carried out regularly，.(2)(2
41、010全 国 2 11)Though_to see us,the professor gave us a warm welcome.Asurprising Bwas surprised Csurprised Dbeing surprised 答案：C本题题意：虽然教授见到我们显得很惊讶，但是他热情欢迎了我们。本题考查状语从句的省略，其完整形式为Though he was surprised to see us，.(3)(2010山东28)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_accompanied by an adult.Aonce Bwhen Cif Dunless答案：D本题题意：学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则学生在校期间不能外出。unless引导条件状语从句，采用了省略形式“连词过去分词”结构。
