1、Unit 1 FriendshipDirect Speech and Indirect SpeechGrammmarWarming UpReport someones words.Tom said:“”Tom said thatLead-in一、定义_，叫直接引语。直接引语一般前后要加 _。_，叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成 _从句。直接引述别人的原话引号用自己的话转述别人的话宾语Andy“My parents are very well.”“Im writing a letter to my pen-pal.”“I want to go away for a holiday.”“Joh
2、n has given up his job.”“I saw Mary in the street.”“I had finished homework before supper.”“I cant come to the party on Friday.”“I will phone you when I get back.”Andy said(that)his parents were very well.Andy said he was writing a letter to his pen-pal.Andy said he wanted to go away for a holiday.A
3、ndy said John had given up his job.Andy said he saw/had seen Mary in the street.Andy said he had finished homework before supper.Andy said he couldnt come to the party on Friday.Andy said he would phone me when he got back.1.陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作出相应变化。Study For rulesJane
4、says,“Ive read Tonys book and I dont understand it.”Jane says that _read Tonys book and _ understand it.she hasshe doesntNote 1:如果转述的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时，间接引语的中的动词时态 _。不变直接引语间接引语(2)指示代词(4)地点状语(5)方向性动词this,that,thesethosenow,then,todaythat daythis weekthat weekyesterday the day beforelast weekthe week befo
5、refour days agofour days beforethe day before yesterday two days beforetomorrow the next daynext monththe next monthheretherecome,go,bring,take,borrowlend(3)时 间 状 语Cindy:Whats the matter,Ted?Cindy:Have you hurt yourself?Cindy:Try and stand up.Can you stand up?Let me help you.Cindy:I think that the d
6、octor had better see you.Ill phone Dr.Smith.Ted:I slipped and fell downstairs.Ted:Yes,I have.I think that Ive hurt my back.Ted:Im sorry,Cindy.Im afraid that I cant get up.Ted:Thank you.Im sure I need an X-ray.Ted told Cindy that _ _ and _.He thought that _ _.He was afraid that _.He was sure that he
7、needed an X-ray.He _ to Cindy for her help.he had slipped andfallen downstairshe had hurthimselfhe had hurt hisbackhe couldnt getupshowed greatthanksCindy asked Ted _ and wondered _ _.Later,Cindy _Ted _ and offered him help.At that moment,Cindy thought that the doctor had better see him.She said _.w
8、hat was the matterwhether Ted had hurthimself(or not)toldto stand upshe wouldphone Dr.Smith2.疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句时，间接引语应改为由_或_引导的宾语从句，谓语动词若say,said,要改为_.同时，改为_的语序。直接引语如果是特殊问句，转化后的宾语从句仍然用原来的疑问词引导。（宾语从句要用陈述句语序）Andywhetherifask,asked陈述句1)“Does a friend always have to be a person?”the writer asks us._2)Mother
9、asked her,“Are you very hot with so many clothes on?”_The writer asks us if/whether a friend always have to be a person.Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.3)She asked me,“When do they have their dinner?”_4)He asked me,“What do you want?”_She asked me when they had t
10、heir dinner.He asked me what I wanted.He said,“Light travels much faster than sound.”_ _ The teacher told us,“A friend in need is a friend indeed”_ _ The girl said,“I get up at six every morning.”_ _He said that light travels much faster than sound.The teacher told us a friend in need is a friend in
11、deed.The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.Note 2:如果直接引语叙述的是客观真理,名人名言或谚语,或是所述事实现在仍然存在，仍是现在反复出现或习惯的动作时，改成间接引语时态不做任何变化。He said,“When I was a child,I usually played football after school.”_ _He said that when he was a child,he usually played football after school.Jack said.“John,where wer
12、e you going when I met you in the street?”_ _ _Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.He said to me,“I was born in 1973.”_He told me that he was born in 1973.Note 3:直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语时,或叙述的内容本身就是过去时，变成间接引语事态不变。The teacher said to me “You must pay more attention to it.”_ _ The
13、 doctor said,“Youd better drink plenty of water.”_ _The teacher told me that I must pay more attention to it.The doctor said Id better drink plenty of water.Note 4:如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must,had better以及情态动词的过去式could,might,should,would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如：ExercisesI.Change the following sentences into
14、 indirect speech.1.“I am having supper,”he said.He said that _ _ having supper.2.“Ive seen the film,”Gina said to me.Gina _ me that _ _ _ the film.3.“I went home with my sister,”she said.She said that _ _ _ home with her sister.he was told she had seenshe had gone4.The teacher said,“The sun is bigge
15、r than the moon.”The teacher said that the sun _ bigger than the moon.5.“I met her yesterday,”he said to me.He told me that he _ _ her _ _ _.6.“You must come here before five,”he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.is had met the day beforehad there7.“Were you born in 1979?”he said.He _ me _ I
16、 _ born in 1979.8.He said,“You can sit here,Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ _ _.9.He asked,“How did you find it,mother?”He asked his mother _ _ _ _ it.10.“Where have you been these days?”he asked.He asked me _ _ _ been _ days.asked if was told could sit therehow she had foundwhere I had those 1.John said th
17、at he had written back telling him about it the day before._ 2.I said that I would give her some advice the next day._ II.Change the following sentences into direct speechJohn said“I have written back telling him about it yesterday.”I said“I will give her some advice tomorrow.”3.He told Mary that sh
18、e was wasting her time day -dreaming._ 4.He told her that she had already done her duty._ 5.They said that they had arrived that morning._ He told Mary,“You are wasting your time day-dreaming.”He told her,“You have already done your duty.”They said,”We arrive this morning.”III.Translate the followin
19、g sentences into English by using indirect speech.1.汤姆说他2009年就加入了俱乐部。_2.凯特问我晚上能否陪她看电影。_Tom said that he joined that club in 2009.Kate asked me if/whether I would go to the cinema with her that evening.3.老师说熟能生巧。_4.她说等车的时候就把那本书读完了。_5.警察询问他前天晚上在公园干了什么。_My teacher said that practice makes perfect.She said she had finished reading the book while she was waiting for the bus.The policeman asked him what he had done in the park the night before.HomeworkWork in group of four.Two of you make a dialogue,the other two transform them into indirect speech after class.
