1、Unit 4Astronomy:the science of the starsReading1 U4,B3 Astronomy reading 1 导学案【使用说明与学法指导】1自学：20分钟自学25-26页课文（学有余力者可课前完成整份导学案）。1）先快速浏览课文，把握文章的主旨大意，完成【自主学习】Tasks 1-2。2）再快读课文1遍，在课文中划出新单词和有用的短语句型。3）难以理解的句子可参考书本83-85页课后注释以及金版学案，仍未解决的要用问号标注出来，等待堂上质疑解决。【学习目标】1.深入理解课文，掌握文章结构，培养快速阅读，整体理解的能力。2.通过自主学习，合作探究，学会分析
2、生命发展过程并熟练运用知识点。3.本文是科普文章，属于说明文，学会抓住文章要说明的主要问题：地球上生命的起源的几个主要阶段。2【自主学习】Task I Scan the Text“How life began on the earth”and choose the best answer.1.From Paragraph 1 we can know that stars are created from _?A.air B.atoms C.rocks D.ice3B2.What does the word“they”refer to in the sentences“It exploded l
3、oudly with fire and rock.They were in time to produce carbon,nitrogen,water vapour and.”in Paragraph 2?A.Planets.B.Stars.C.Gases.D.Fire and rock.4D3.Which is the right order of development of life?A.Small clever animals shellfish dinosaurs mammals.B.Shellfish dinosaurs small clever animals mammals.C
4、.Shellfish dinosaurs mammals small clever animals.D.Dinosaurs shellfish mammals small clever animals.5C4.Why are mammals different from other life forms?A.They give birth to young baby animals and produce milk to feed them.B.They produce young generally by laying eggs.C.They are able to live on land
5、 as well as in the water.D.They live on grass.6A5.What problem is caused by human beings?A.They exist everywhere on the earth.B.They cause global warming.C.They find new methods of growing crops.D.They enjoy hunting and fishing.7BTask II Read the Paragraph 2,3,4 of the text“How life began on the ear
6、th”again and finish the timeline.A Development of Life(1)1.(Big Bang):The earth was still a cloud of _.2.(Between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago):The dust settled into a solid _.3.(explode):Water vapor and some other gases were produced and made the earths _.8dustglobeatmosphere4.(cool down):_ appear
7、ed on the surface.5.(life began):Arrival of small _ on the surface of the water.9WaterplantsDevelopment of Life(2)6.(multiply):The oceans and seas were filled with _and the development of shellfish and other fish were encouraged.7.(next):Green plants began to grow on _.8.(followed in time):Land anim
8、als such as insects and _.9.(plants grew into forests):_ appeared for the first time.10.(after that):Huge animals,called _ developed.11.(dinosaurs disappeared):It made the rise of _ on the earth possible.landamphibiansdinosaursmammalsoxygenReptiles10 Task III Intensive Reading:Read the text“How life
9、 began on the earth”again and then fill in the following chart:1112WaterLand animalshuman beingsParagraph 1Paragraph 2Paragraph 3Paragraph 4Paragraph 5Main BodyA widely accepted _ about the formation of the _.The formation of the _.The importance of _ for life.The development of _ and _ on the earth
10、.The arrival of _ and their impact on the _.universeearthwaterplantsanimalshumansearththeory 1314Task V Discuss in groups and give the main idea of the text in about 30 words:短文解释了生命是如何在地球上开始的。首先,地球爆炸产生水。因为水的存在，然后植物和动物,包括人类依次在地球上出现。Summary(1)The passage explains _ life began on the earth.The earth e
11、_ and produced water.Then plants and animals i_ human beings appeared in t_ because of the e_ of water.(31 words)howxplodedncludingurnxistence15 Summary（2）The passage explains how the earth _(form)and how life began and develop on the earth after the _(appear)of water._also mentions how human _(act)
12、have affected the earth.(32 words)was formedappearanceItactivitiesTask VI Complete the following passage：No one knows exactly 1._the earth began.According to a widely accepted theory,the earth began with a“Big Bang”,2._ exploded loudly and produced water vapour many gases,3._(make)the earths atmosph
13、ere.As the earth cooled down,water appeared and stayed 4._ the surface.It was the presence of water 5._ allowed the earth to dissolveharmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas,which made 6._ possible for life to develop.16howmakingonthatitwhichFirst,the appearance of small plants encouraged th
14、e development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.Next,green plants began to grow on land.7._ were followed by land animals.So reptiles appeared for the first time.Later,dinosaurs developed.8._,they suddenly disappeared.After that,mammals came into being.Finally,humans appeared and spread all o
15、ver the earth.However,they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,making the earth too hot 9._(live)on.So whether life will continue on the earth will depend on 10._ this problem can be solved.17TheyHoweverto livewhetherHomework【Homework】：Finish Exercise 1-3 on page 28 in the textbo
16、ok.【学后反思】_ _18Paragraph 1Paragraph 2Paragraph 3Paragraph 4Paragraph 5Main BodyA widely accepted theory about the formation of the _The formation of the _The importance of _ for lifeThe development of _ and _ on the earthThe arrival of _ and their impact on the _universeearthwaterplantsanimalshumanse
17、arthPage 27-Ex.1Put the order of development of life into a timeline.1.Insects and amphibians appeared.3.The earth became a solid ball.5.Reptiles appeared.7.The earth was a cloud of dust.9.Shellfish and other fish appeared.10.Clever animals with hands and feet appeared.2.Dinosaurs appeared.4.Small p
18、lants grew on the water.6.Plants began to grow on dry land.8.Water appeared on the earth.10.The universe began with a“Big Bang”.12.Mammals appeared.123456789101112-ence present presence violent violence confident confidence different difference patient patience adjective nounDiscovering useful words
19、 and expressions(P 28)1 Use correct prefix or suffix for each word.un-certain uncertain fairunfair paidunpaid likeunlike kindunkind positivenegativeDiscovering useful words and expressions(P 28)1 Use correct prefix or suffix for each word.-al culture cultural globeglobal universeuniversal agricultur
20、eagricultural mathematics mathematical nounadjectiveDiscovering useful words and expressions(P 28)1 Use correct prefix or suffix for each word.-ist artartist physicsphysicist chemistry chemist biologybiologist sciencescientist n.(concept)n.(person)Discovering useful words and expressions(P 28)1 Use
21、correct prefix or suffix for each word.1 At the beginning,the earth had no _.A.dust B.atoms C.waterD.matter2 The development of a planet generally depends on _ combining together.A.atoms B.rocks C.gasesD.water 3 The _ of mammals happened after the disappearance of the dinosaurs.A.harmful B.system C.
22、spread D.method4 Mammals _ when the animals that were harmful to them disappeared.A.prevented B.multiplied C.dependedD.existedDiscovering useful words and expressions(P 28)2 Choose the correct word to fill in:C A C B fundamental astronomy gave birth to existed As a result atoms prevents from puzzleD
23、iscovering useful words and expressions(P 28)3Complete the following passage.Emotional words violent angry rude shocked excited crazyDiscovering useful words and expressions(P 28)4Group the following adjectives.Calm wordsn patientn gentlen relaxingn kindn easy-goingn calmDiscovering useful structure
24、s (Page 29)1Find all the examples of subjective clause in the reading passage.Examples:What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago随后它会变成什么没人能知道，直到38 45亿年前 it was not clear whether the shape was to last or not.不知道这个形状是否会继续存在下去。Discovering useful structures (Page 29
25、)1*What is even more important is that the earth cooled down,(L13)更为重要的是，地球冷却了下来，*It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.(L19)水会对生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。Discovering useful structures (Page 29)1*What many scientists believe is that the continued prese
26、nce of water allow the earth (L 21)很多科学家相信，持续存在的水使得地球Discovering useful structures (Page 29)1*Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.(L 41)他们为什么会突然灭绝至今仍是个谜。*So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.(L 50
27、)所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。2Rewrite the following sentences.1His discovery has not yet been proved.What _ _.2Do the other astronomers accept his ideas?It remains a question.Whether _ _.has not yet been proved is his discoverythe other astronomers accept his ideas remains a questionDiscove
28、ring useful structures (Page 29)2Rewrite the following sentences.3The first appearance of life on earth is still a mystery to scientists.How _ _.4Why is the earth becoming warmer?It is an important topic for research.Why _ _.life first appeared on earth is still a mystery to scientistsDiscovering us
29、eful structures (Page 29)the earth is becoming warmer is an important topic for research2Rewrite the following sentences.5Stephen Hawking at 65 experienced zero gravity during a flight.It amazed everybody.It amazed everybody _ _.6Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system.What a surp
30、rise!It is a surprise _ _.that Stephen Hawking at 65 experienced zero gravity during a flightthat Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar systemDiscovering useful structures (Page 29)3Complete the passage.1How dinosaurs disappeared4Why dinosaurs become extinct3that the earth slowly became hot and dry dozens of millions of years ago5How the climate changed2that a comet crashed into the earth long ago and caused the disappearance6whether the climate will change againDiscovering useful structures (Page 29)
