1、1surf v冲浪surfing n冲浪(运动)2represent v代表，表示representation n代表，描绘representative n代表 adj.典型的，有代表性的3soldier n士兵，军人soldierly adj.有军人气质的；英武的4equip v装备，配备equipment n装备，设备，用具5defend v(在比赛中)防守，防卫defender n防守队员；后卫6die v死，死亡dead adj.死的death n死，死亡dying adj.快要死的1represent v代表，表示；描述，描绘；表明，意味着Mr.Black was chosen to
2、 represent the company at the conference.代表This painting represents the first settlers arriving in America.描述，描绘This essay represents a considerable improvement on your recent work.表明，表示2goal n球门；进球得分；目标，目的He will keep goal in the football match tomorrow.球门The crowd cheered when the home team scored
3、 a goal.进球得分You should set yourself a goal at the beginning of each school year.目标，目的Words and Phrases知识要点1represent v代表，表示；描述，描绘；表明，意味着(教材P26)Talk about what you think these things represent in a football game.谈谈你认为这些东西在足球比赛中代表什么。例The annualrings represent the amount of wood formed each year.年轮代表着每
4、年生成的木材量。知识拓展(1)represent .with .用代表represent .as .把描述成represent oneself as自称是represent sth.to sb.向某人说明/传达某事(2)representation n.代表；描述representative n.代表 adj.典型的，有代表性的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The article represents the millionaire as a simple family man.This novel is a vivid representation(represent) of the dar
5、kness of that period.As a representative(represent) of resettled people，I support the construction of the project.这门课太难了；我真的不知道该如何向你表达。The subject is so difficult; I really dont know how to represent it to you知识要点2go back 追溯(教材P26)The history of the game goes back over two thousand years to Ancient
6、China.足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。例The old museum goes back 100 years，which is worth visiting.这个古老的博物馆可追溯到100年前，值得参观。知识拓展date backgo back追溯go back to/date back to/date from追溯到，始于即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Its a tradition that goes back at least 100 years.Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy and Weaving gi
7、rl，which dates(date) back to the Han Dynasty.Its a pity that the famous old town dating(date) from the Ming Dynasty was destroyed by a fire.在中国，人们种植和使用竹子的历史可以追溯到7 000年前。In China，the history of people planting and using bamboo can go back/date back 7，000 years.名师点津go back (to)/date back (to)/date fro
8、m常指以“现在”为起点向前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时。它们没有进行时态，也不能用于被动语态，作定语时要用现在分词形式。知识要点3basis n基础；根据(教材P26)That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。例The basis of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.她意见的根据是从杂志里看来的。知识拓展(1)on the basis o
9、f在的基础上，根据on a regular basis定期(2)base v.以为依据 n.基部；基地；基础base .on/upon .把建立在基础之上be based on/upon以为基础(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的basically adv.基本上，本质上，大致说来即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I suggested that we meet on a regular basis to discuss the progress.Based(base) on trust，the restaurant is working all right.Basically(basic)，
10、I agree with your suggestion，but there are still a few points Id like to discuss with you.这本书是在仔细观察与细致研究的基础上撰写的。The book was written on the basis of careful observations and detailed studies.知识要点4equipment n装备，设备，用具(教材P26)You dont need expensive equipment; even the ball doesnt have to cost much mone
11、y.不需要什么昂贵的设备，连球也不会花费太多钱。例With the modern equipment，our work was finished ahead of time.有了现代设备，我们的工作提前完成了。知识拓展(1)a piece/set of equipment一件/套设备(2)equip vt.装备equip .with .装备be equipped with装备着即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子As students，we should equip ourselves with knowledge.Our new school is equipped(equip) with all
12、 the necessaries in teaching.实验室起火后，大量设备被损坏了。After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment was damaged语境助记The school has been rebuilt and it is well equipped.Much money has been spent on the office equipment.知识要点5content n满意，满足；内容 v使满意，使满足 adj.满意的，满足的(教材P26)All over the world you can see kids
13、 playing to their hearts content with a ball made of plastic bags; just like Pel did when he was a boy.在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球就像贝利小时候那样。例This is a good book as far as its content is concerned.就内容来说，这是一本好书。知识拓展(1)to ones hearts content尽情地，心满意足地(2)content oneself with使自己满足于(3)be content with满足于某
14、事be content to do sth.满足于做某事即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子She dropped her purse and the contents(content) fell out on the floor.As there is no butter，we shall have to content ourselves with dry bread.My parents are content to live(live) in the countryside，where the air is clean and vegetables are fresh.她待在图书馆里，在那里
15、她可以尽情地看书。She stayed in the library，where she could read to her hearts content知识要点6defend v(在比赛中)防守，防卫；保护，保卫；辩护(教材P26)You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional playershow they use their bodies to pass，score and defend can be amazing to see .你不用成为球迷也能看明白职业球员的球技有多么好他们运用身体传球、得分、
16、防守，这些就足以令观众眼花缭乱例The best way to defend is to attack.最好的防御就是进攻。知识拓展(1)defend .from/against.保护免受；保卫抵御(2)defence n.防御；保卫；防御物in defence of保卫；为辩护即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The wall was built to defend the road from being washed(wash) away by the sea water.When he was in danger，two friends came to his defence(defend)
17、More and more women today have learned to arise in defence of their legal rights.不管代价如何，我们都要抵御敌人，保卫我们的城市。We shall defend our city against the enemy whatever the cost may be.语境助记In time of war，lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attack
18、ed.知识要点7put down 放下；记下；镇压(教材P27)World War had broken out months before，but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together .虽然当时第一次世界大战已经持续了数月，但是英国和德国的士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球例Let me put down your telephone number in case I forget it.让我记下你的电话号码以免忘记。知识拓展put away把收起来，储存put out熄灭；扑
19、灭；出版；生产put off推迟；延期put up举起，张贴；提供(价格)；留宿(某人)put up with忍受即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Dont put off till tomorrow what can be done today.Put away the tools after work，will you?Smoking is forbidden here.Please put your cigarette out玛丽真的擅长记课堂笔记，她几乎能记下老师说的每个词。Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can put d
20、own almost every word her teacher says.知识要点8conflict n武装冲突，战斗，战争，冲突，矛盾 v矛盾，冲突，抵触(教材P27) .one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.这是战乱年代值得铭记的和平一刻。例Armed conflict may break out at any moment.武装冲突有一触即发之势。知识拓展(1)armed/military conflict武装/军事冲突come into conflict with与发生冲突in conflict with与
21、相冲突(2)conflict with与发生冲突即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子She often comes into conflict with her motherinlaw.If so，your points of view are bound to conflict with his.她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.知识要点9a matter of 关乎的事情(教材P27)Some people believe football is
22、 a matter of life and death，.有些人认为足球事关生死，例I take this seriously.Its a matter of principle.我对此很认真，这是原则问题。知识拓展a matter of life and death事关生死的问题a matter of opinion看法(不同的)问题as a matter of fact事实上to make matters worse使情况更糟的是即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Whether or not he is any good as a manager is a matter of opinion.
23、As a matter of fact，I know nothing about this book.I lost my way in the forest，and to make matters worse(bad)，it became dark.这是生死攸关的大事，我们不可掉以轻心。Its a matter of life and death，and we cant treat it lightly.Sentence Patterns重点句式1given that引导条件状语从句(教材P26)Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a footba
24、ll to the Moon，we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world!想想当年尼尔阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！句式分析：given that意为“考虑到，鉴于，如果，倘若，只要”，用作连词引导条件状语从句。例1Given that you had very little help，I think you did very well under the circumstances.考虑到你帮手不多，我想在这种情况下，你已经干得不错了。例2Gi
25、ven that there is no traffic delay，I will be there on time.只要没有交通阻塞，我会按时到那儿。知识拓展与given that用法类似的还有：provided (that) . providing (that) .倘若；在情况/条件下suppose/supposing (that) .倘若；在情况/条件下即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I will accompany you provided/providing(provide) that I am well enough.Given(give) that hes had six mont
26、hs to do this，he hasnt made much progress.Suppose/Supposing(suppose) that we miss the train，what shall we do?倘若他能再一次得到机会的话，他肯定会成功的。Given/Provided/Providing/Suppose/Supposing that he can get another chance，he will surely succeed.重点句式2it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语(教材P28)It is amazing to see how professional pla
27、yers use their bodies to pass，score and defend.看职业球员运用身体传球、得分、防守是令观众眼花缭乱的。句式分析：It is amazing to see.是句式“It isadj.to do sth.”意为“做某事是的”，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。例1It is interesting to look at differences between schools in different countries.了解不同国家的学校之间的差异是很有趣的。例2It is not easy to make him change his mi
28、nd.让他改变主意不容易。知识拓展(1)在It is adj. for sb.to do sth.句型中，形容词只能说明不定式所表示的行为的性质或特点，不能说明不定式动作的执行者。能用于该结构的形容词有：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary，possible等。(2)在It is adj.of sb.to do sth.句型中，形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格、性质等，该句型通常可改为：sb.beadj. to do sth.。能用于该结构的形容词有：nice，good，stupid，silly，careful等。(3)It
29、is n to do sth.做某事是(4)It takes sb.sometime to do sth.某人花费多少时间做某事即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子It is necessary for us to practise speaking English every day.It was crazy of you to go skating on such thin ice.It took them about half an hour to work(work) out the difficult maths problem.你在作文中犯了这么多错误太粗心了。It is careles
30、s of you to make so many mistakes in your composition.1Football as we know it today started in Great Britain，where the game was given new rules.分析：此句为主从复合句。Football started in Great Britain是句子的主干，其中as we know it today是as引导的定语从句修饰先行词Football；逗号后面为where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Great Britain。译文：我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国，在
31、那里给这项运动制定了新的规则。2That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.分析：此句为主从复合句。That football is such a simple game to play是that引导的主语从句，其中to play为不定式作定语修饰game；后面的is perhaps the basis .构成系表结构。译文：足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。教材高考1Talk about what you think these things re
32、present in a football game.(2020全国卷)They represent the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.2That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.(2020新高考全国卷)Remember，even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.3All o
33、ver the world you can see kids playing to their hearts content with a ball .(2019全国卷)Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.4.how they use their bodies to pass，score and defend can be amazing to see .(2020天津卷)“Small does not mean weak，sir，” she defended herself.5Some people believe f
34、ootball is a matter of life and death，.(2020江苏卷)It is not a problem whether we can win the battle; its just a matter of time.单句语法填空1Nowadays many people love surfing(surf) on the Internet.2Dont be content with such a small success.3A computer is the most important piece of equipment(equip) you will
35、buy.4I think we should consider the two factors(factor) about the problem.5What points can be raised in defence(defend) of this argument?6I have the honor to have been sent as their representative(represent)7Your statement is in conflict with the rest of the evidence.8Some videos have been banned on
36、 the basis that they are too violent.9It is impossible for me to be(be) there before eight.10Given(give) that the contract is strictly carried out，we will give you another bigger contract.短语填空go back，be known as，to ones hearts content，end with，whats more，break down，take .for example，break out，put do
37、wn，a matter of 1My interest in stamp collecting goes back to my school days.2She is known as a successful singer and composer.3The quality of the ambulance service is a matter of life and death.4Its a useful book，and whats more，not an expensive one.5Not long after his return，a local war broke out ne
38、ar his town.6She put down the phone，sighed，and shook her head sadly.7The children were allowed to watch the cartoon to their hearts content8Its possible to recover from some types of cancer.Take skin cancer for example9The lecture ended with a poem of an ancient Chinese poet.10The pill which contain
39、s this kind of chemical can break down the fat in the body.课文语法填空Nowadays，football is popular enough to attract millions of players and fans all over the world.It has a history that 1.goes(go) back over two thousand years to Ancient China.In fact，football we now play started in Great Britain，where t
40、he game 2.was given(give) new rules.The reasons why football is so popular are as follows: First，football is such a simple and cheap game to play 3.that you can see kids playing to their hearts content with a ball 4.made(make) of plastic bags; just like Pel did when he was a boy.Next，it is a game wi
41、th 5.creativity(create) and excitement on the field.It is amazing 6.to see(see) how professional players use their bodies to pass，score and defend，or to feel the excitement of a game 7.ending(end) with a surprising twist.Whats more，football breaks 8.down walls and brings people together on and off the field.For example，British and German 9.soldiers(soldier) put down their guns and played football together on Christmas Day 1914.So just as Bill Shankly said，football is much more important 10.than just a sport.
