1、外研版必修一高中英语课件Module 4A Social Survey第二课时Grammar 2现在完成时(Present perfect tense)(一)现在完成时的基本用法：1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果。可以表示最近完成的动作，也可以表示经历或经验。3l I have already read the book.我已读过这本书。（结果是已知道这本书的内容）l 2.Ive found the letter you were looking for.Here it is.l 3.They ve been to The Great Wall three times
2、.(他们已经去过长城3次了。)l 4.Ive never had any problems with my car.(我的车从来没有出过问题)l 5.Have you ever seen the film“Harry Potter”?42.表示过去已经开始、持续到现在(可能还会继续下去)的动作和状态，常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：these days,this week/year,Recently,so far,for时间段，since 时间点等5uWe havent seen each other for ten years.uThey have grown such a lot sinc
3、e we last saw them.uPrices have fallen sharply over the past six months.u So far/Up to now,Timson has made 13 films.uIve written three letters this morning.(=it is still morning)64.现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中,表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。e.g.Ill go home as soon as I have finished my homework.Please lend me that book i
4、f you have finished reading it.3.表示从过去某一时间到说话这段时间反复发生的动作或多次动作的总和，常与频度副词always,often,seldom,never等连用。I ve often heard such news.I ve been to beijing.8(二)使用现在完成时的句型1)现在完成时+since+点时间状语(名词、短语、从句,其中从句用一般过去时)2)现在完成时+for+段时间状语3)It/This is the first/其他序数词/last time+that 从句中,从句使用现在完成时。注意:在下面的句子中,主句的谓语动词常用一般现
5、在时：It is three years since I began to work on the farm.Its a long time since I saw you last.10现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响,强调的是现在的情况,所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时只表示某一动作或状态在过去发生或存在过,与现在不发生联系,它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。(三)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:11He has read that book.(说明他现在知道那本书的内容)He read that book last year.(只说明他去年读过那本书)He
6、has gone to America.(他现在不在此地,在美国)He went to America.(只说明他去过美国)12(四)终止性动词与延续性动词：1.终止性动词:表示短暂的运动状态,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,常用的动词有:come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,reach,get,get up,join,marry,open,close,give,lend,borrow,finish,break,see,hear,notice,find,understand,die 等。132.延续性动词:表示长时间的运动状态,能和表示一段时间的状语连用。常用的动词有
7、:live,study,work,teach,stay,read,play,fly,talk,rain,eat,run等14终止性动词状态性动词Come(arrive)here be here go(get)out be out go/leave/move be away/off become a member be a member die be dead start be on end be over return/come(go)back be back buy keep have15 I have kept/had the new car for a month.He has been
8、 dead for several years.1.-How are you today?-Oh,I _ as ill as I do today for a very long time.A.didnt feel B.wasnt feeling C.dont feel D.havent feltExercises:2.-_ David and Vicky _ married?-For about three years.A.How long have;been B.How long have;got C.How long were;being D.How long did;get183.It
9、 is the third time you _ late this week.A.had arrived B.arrived C.have arrived D.are arriving4.-Did you enjoy your holiday?-Wonderful.It is years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A.after B.when C.before D.since195.When I was at college,I _ three foreign languages,but I _all except a few words of each.A.sp
10、oke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten206.-Where _ the recorder?I cant see it anywhere.-I _ right here.But now its gone.A.did you put;have put B.had you put;was puttingC.have you put;put D.were you putting;have put217.The price _,but I doubt w
11、hether it will remain so.A.went down B.will go down C.was going down D.has gone down8.They are discussing the problem the whole afternoon,but they _ a decision so far.A.didnt reach B.wont arrive at C.havent come to D.all above229.I have bought an English-Chinese dictionary.When and where _ you _ it?
12、A.do;buy B.did;buy C.have;bought D.had;bought2310.I heard the peasants here _ very poor in the past.Yes,but there _ great changes in the past few years.A.were;were B.have been;have been C.have been;were D.were;have been2411.It is the most instructive lecture that I_ since I came to this school.A.att
13、ended B.had attended C.am attending D.have attended12.-I didnt ask for the name list.Why _ 0n my desk?-I put it there just now in case you needed it.A.does it land B.has it landed C.will it land D.had it landed 2513.When I got on the bus,I_I had left my wallet at home.A.was realizing B.realized C.ha
14、ve realized D.would realize14.By the time he realizes he _into a trap,itll be too late for him to do anything about it.A.walks B.walked C.has walked D.had walkedmovedComplete the conversation.Use thepreset tense of the verbs in brackets,andfor or since where appropriate.Mike:Hi,Kate.Kate:Hi,Mike.Mik
15、e:I havent seen your brother around for a long time._ he _(move)to a new neighborhood?HasKate:No,he _ _(move)to a new country!He _ _ (be)in Australia _ last year.Mike:Australia!Thats great country._ you ever _(be)there?hasnt movedhas beensinceHave been28Kate:No,I _ never _(be)there,but I _ _(decide)to go later this year.Mike:Great!_ your brother _(send)you any photos _ he moved there?havehave decidedHassincebeensent29Kate:Yes,in fact,I _ just _(receive)some.Here they are.This is his new house.He _ recently _(finish)decorating it.receivedhasfinishedhave30
