1、单元素能自测.完形填空Getting out of my car one evening, I met my neighbor Theresa. “Mrs Taylor is in _1_ again，” she said. I had last _2_ Mrs Taylor before Christmas when I took her a loaf of bread. Taylor and I had been neighbors for 17 years. And she had a dog which greeted everyone, making people _3_. We a
2、ll loved him.Most of my conversations with Mrs Taylor were by accident casual visits by the mailbox; quiet talks at the funeral home where we went to _4_ a common friend.After I moved here with our four _5_ kids, the quiet neighborhood was gone. We had little in common with the mostly elderly people
3、, _6_ they welcomed us warmly. Over the years they helped us quite a lot. They _7_ our kids when our car was out of order, and fed the cat when we were away. We have enjoyed the comfort of living with these friendly people.Robert Frost had a neighbor who insisted that “good fences make good neighbor
4、s”. However, Frost thought _8_. He believed theres something “that doesnt love a wall”. I _9_ with him. I believe “something” he talked about lives inside of me, too.I want to _10_ the walls of loneliness that go up when I slip _11_ into my garage for fear of disturbing some people. And I _12_ to ta
5、ke the fastest route to my back porch (门廊). Its quicker than meandering (蜿蜒) through the yard. However, it leaves little room for communication. But as a child, I would sit on the porch with my mother and wave to neighbors out for an evening walk or drive.Mrs Taylor didnt _13_ her latest cancer. So
6、again, I walked into the funeral home to say goodbye to a neighbor. I remembered the barking dog and the chats by the mailbox. I was in _14_ for the loss of her. Now there is a new family moving into Mrs Taylors place. I see childrens toys in the yard. Its time to take a(n) _15_ around. I want to fi
7、nd the past experience.本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者听到邻居泰勒夫人住院的消息而回忆起自己和邻居们之间的点点滴滴的往事，揭示了邻里相处之道。1A.hospitalBschoolCcourtDprison解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：泰勒夫人又住院了。A.hospital医院；B.school学校；C.court法庭；D.prison监狱。根据下文So again, I walked into the funeral home to say goodbye to a neighbor.可知，在说话时泰勒夫人是住院了，而且最终去世了。故选A。答案：A2A.trainedBse
8、enCforgivenDhurt解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我上次见到泰勒夫人是在圣诞节前，当时我给她拿了一条面包。A.trained 训练；B.seen看见；C.forgiven原谅；D.hurt伤害。根据我给她拿了一条面包可知是上次见到她，故选B。答案：B3. AscaredBannoyedCcheerfulDcareful解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她有一只狗，它欢迎每一个人，使人们高兴。A.scared害怕的；B.annoyed恼怒的；C.cheerful振奋人心的；D.careful小心的。根据greeted可知是让人高兴，故选C。答案：C4A.rememberBcongrat
9、ulateCsaveDconsult解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在殡仪馆安静地交谈，在那里缅怀一位共同的朋友。A.remember纪念；B.congratulate祝贺；C.save拯救；D.consult咨询。根据funeral home和a common friend可知是纪念去世的朋友，故选A。答案：A5A.shyBmodestCnoisyDlazy解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我和四个吵闹的孩子搬到这里后，这个安静的社区就消失了。A.shy害羞的；B.modest谦虚的；C.noisy吵闹的；D.lazy懒的。与quiet形成对比，故选C。答案：C6A.andBbutCorD
10、so解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们和大多数老年人没有什么共同之处，但他们热情地欢迎我们。A.and并且；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.so因此。此处表示转折关系，故选B。答案：B7A.brought upBbelieved inCappealed toDpicked up解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们的车坏了的时候，他们就会接送我们的孩子。A.brought up抚养；B.believed in相信；C.appealed to呼吁；D.picked up接送。根据前面的helped us a lot以及后半句when our car was out of order可知是帮助我们
11、接送孩子，故选D。答案：D8A.carefullyBwronglyCdifferentlyDperfectly解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，弗罗斯特的想法不同。A.carefully小心地；B.wrongly错误地；C.differently不同地；D.perfectly完美地。根据转折词However可知他的想法不一样，故选C。答案：C9A.agreeBargueCteamDmeet解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我同意他的观点。A.agree同意；B.argue争论；C.team合作；D.meet相遇。根据下文I believe “something” he talked about
12、lives inside of me, too.可知作者同意他的观点，故选A。答案：A10A.climb upBprevent fromCseek forDbreak down解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想打破孤独的墙。A.climb up爬上去；B.prevent from阻止；C.seek for寻求；D.break down打破。根据the walls of loneliness可知此处意为要打破孤独这道墙，故选D。答案：D11A.eventuallyBquietlyCsuddenlyDhappily解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想打破当我悄悄溜进车库，害怕打扰别人时就会竖起来的孤
13、独的墙。A.eventually最后；B.quietly安静地；C.suddenly突然地；D.happily高兴地。根据for fear of disturbing some people可知此处意为安静地走进车库怕打扰别人，故选B。答案：B12A.permitBdecideCrefuseDtend解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我倾向于采取这条最快的路线到后门廊。A.permit允许；B.decide决定；C.refuse拒绝；D.tend倾向。根据下一句quicker than可知此处表示倾向于这条最快的路线，故选D。答案：D13A.fearBtreatCignoreDsurvive解析：
14、考查动词词义辨析。句意：泰勒夫人没有从晚期癌症中存活下来。A.fear害怕；B.treat治疗；C.ignore忽视；D.survive幸存。根据本段中So again, I walked into the funeral home to say goodbye to a neighbor.可知她没有幸存下来，故选D。答案：D14A.angerBhopeCsadnessDshame解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为失去她而悲伤。A.anger愤怒；B.hope希望；C.sadness悲伤；D.shame羞耻。根据后面the loss of her可知此处是表示因为失去泰勒夫人而感到悲伤，故选C
15、。答案：C15A.restBwalkCtripDexam解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：是时候四处走走了。A.rest休息；B.walk走路；C.trip旅游；D.exam考试。根据下文I want to find the past experience.可知，作者要找回过去的经历，所以是时候四处走走了，故选B。答案：B.阅读理解Chinese scientists recently have produced two monkeys with the same gene, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, using the same technique that gave u
16、s Dolly the sheep. These monkeys are not actually the first primates(灵长类)to be cloned. Another one named Tetra was produced in the late 1990s by embryo(胚胎)splitting, the division of an earlystage embryo into two or four separate cells to make clones. By contrast, they were each made by replacing an
17、egg cell nucleus(原子核)with DNA from a differentiated body cell. This Dolly method, known as somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT), can create more clones and allows researchers greater control over the edits they make to the DNA.Success came from adopting several new techniques. These included a new ty
18、pe of microscopy to better view the cells during handling or using several materials that encourage cell reprogramming, which hadnt been tried before on primates. Still, the research process proved difficult, and many attempts by the team failed. Just two healthy baby monkeys born from more than 60
19、tested mothers. This leads to many researchers pouring water on the idea that the teams results bring scientists closer to cloning humans. They thought this work is not a stepping stone to establishing methods for obtaining live born human clones. Instead, this clearly remains a very foolish thing t
20、o attempt. It would be far too inefficient, far too unsafe, and it is also pointless.But the scientists involved emphasize that this is not their goal. There is now no barrier for cloning primate species, thus cloning humans is closer to reality. However, their research purpose is entirely for produ
21、cing nonhuman primate models for human diseases; they absolutely have no intention, and society will not permit this work to be extended to humans. Despite limitations, they treat this breakthrough a novel model system for scientists studying human biology and disease.本文是一篇科普类的文章。被称作SCNT的高科技可能有助于编辑D
22、NA。本文中科学家们克隆这些猴子的目的是帮助研究人类疾病。1What do we know about the technology called SCNT?AIt created the first two primates.BIt may contribute to editing the DNA.CIt can divide an earlystage embryo into several cells.DIt produced two cloned monkeys with different genes.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句This Dolly method, kno
23、wn as somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT), can create more clones and allows researchers greater control over the edits they make to the DNA.可知，这种称为体细胞核移植(SCNT)的多利方法可以创建更多的克隆体，并允许研究人员更好地控制他们对DNA所做的编辑。因此SCNT可能有助于编辑DNA。故B项正确。答案：B2What does the author mean by “pouring water on the idea” in Paragraph 2?
24、AKeeping a hot topic of it.BAttaching no importance to it.CHaving a low opinion of it.DAdding supportive evidence to it.解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中Still, the research process proved difficult, and many attempts by the team failed. Just two healthy baby monkeys born from more than 60 tested mothers. This leads t
25、o many researchers pouring water on the idea that the teams results bring scientists closer to cloning humans.可知，尽管如此，研究过程还是很困难，研究小组的许多尝试都失败了。只有两个健康的小猴子出生于60多个经过测试的母亲。这导致许多研究人员对研究小组的结果使科学家更接近克隆人这个想法大加打击。因此在第二段中“pouring water on the idea”的意思是“对它的评价很低”。故C项正确。答案：C3What is the scientists purpose to clon
26、e these monkeys?ATo prepare for their research on human cloning.BTo serve as a stepping stone to their reputation.CTo help with the study of human diseases.DTo raise money for holding an exhibition of novels.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中However, their research purpose is entirely for producing nonhuman primate m
27、odels for human diseases; they absolutely have no intention, and society will not permit this work to be extended to humans.可知，科学家们克隆这些猴子的目的是帮助研究人类疾病。故C项正确。答案：C4What can we infer from the passage?ACloning humans is already on its way.BNew techniques seem to be pointless.CSociety wont agree to clone
28、another monkey.DThe success rate of cloning a monkey was not high.解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句They thought this work is not a stepping stone to establishing methods for obtaining live born human clones. Instead, this clearly remains a very foolish thing to attempt. It would be far too inefficient, far too u
29、nsafe, and it is also pointless.他们认为这项工作不是建立方法以克隆人类的踏脚石。相反，这显然仍然是一个非常愚蠢的尝试，它的效率太低，太不安全，而且毫无意义。和最后一段最后一句Despite limitations, they treat this breakthrough a novel model system for scientists studying human biology and disease.尽管有局限性，他们还是把这一突破看作是科学家研究人类生物学和疾病的一种新的模式系统。可知，克隆一只猴子的成功率并不高。故D项正确。答案：D.概要写作阅读
30、下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Its a familiar but uncomfortable feeling. Your best friend will marry a handsome doctor, and the congratulatory hug you offer lacks genuine warmth. Your friend is made the team for Saturdays big game, and you take a certain pleasure in telling him you cant be there to watch h
31、im play. You smile but a voice in your head asks, why them and not you?Envy is a shortcoming of character we like to keep in our heart secretly. How shameful is it not to be looking forward with delight to your day as your best friends bridesmaid? Who would hope your friend might suffer some injury,
32、 so you can take his place on the team?Envy is everywhere.It seems to be in our nature to hate others gifts and good fortune, especially if we see them as advantages they shouldnt have.Envy raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but we dont possess now. Worse still, we may even wish for
33、and take pleasure in someones losing what we have always desired. When you compare yourself and your life unfavorably with your friend or your colleague, you can only keep your darker emotion.So is there a solution？Is there anything you can do to get rid of this most ungenerous emotion?Well, why not
34、 make envy the motivation you need for selfimprovement? The best weapon against envy is not to compete where you cant shine, but to do your absolute best where you can.Start by making peace with yourself, and accept the gifts which make you unique. Make an agreement with yourself to be the best you
35、can be. Then find the qualities in others that cause your envy. Is it someones singing voice, their work promotion, their new car? Envy shows us the things wed like to have. So, make a plan to earn whats important to you.And aim for genuine pleasure in the achievements and good fortune of others. Ch
36、eer on your friend when he scores that goal. Enjoy your best friends wedding day. Then go out and do something special, and make yourself wonderfully proud of you.Envy_is_a_common_but_unpleasant_feeling,_which_is_a_secret_hidden_in_our_heart_and_a_nature_usually_arises_when_we_cant_get_what_we_want_and_even_take_delight_in_others_losing_it.(要点1)_To_avoid this_negative_feeling,_firstly_try_to_transform_envy_into_the_motivation_to_improve_ourselves.(要点2)_Besides,_accept_your unique talents gladly._(要点3)Finally,_appreciate_others_achievements_sincerely.(要点4)
