1、Section Grammar 语法 专项突破it的用法()1(教材P18)is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree atthe end of the garden.2(教材P18)seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20kilometres in an afternoon.3(教材P18)my birthday in two weeks time and Ill be 82 years old!ItItIts4(教材P18)Beli
2、eve me,I know how easyis to begin smoking and howtoughis to stop.5(教材P18)As you know,if you do the same thing over and over again,youbegin to doautomatically.6(教材P18)When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit,I knewwas time to quit smoking.itititit英语中的it一词看似简单，但“麻雀虽小，五脏俱全”。它词义
3、广泛，指代范围广，既可作人称代词也可作非人称代词，既可作形式主语也可作形式宾语。.it用作人称代词和非人称代词1作人称代词人称代词it是有实际意义的，是单数第三人称代词。主格与宾格相同。(1)指代人以外的一切事物，如前文提到的事物或未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事。Tsingtao is a beautiful city，isnt it?青岛是座美丽的城市，不是吗？It doesnt matter.没关系。(2)替代前文中的this，that。This is your plan？Will you hand it in?这是你的计划？你要交上去吗？(3)指代婴儿、小孩或性别不明的人。The bab
4、y is crying.It might be hungry.婴儿在哭，或许饿了。Someone is ringing.Who might it be?有人按门铃，可能是谁呢？It must be my friend Tom.He(不可用It)wants to see you.一定是我的朋友汤姆，他想要见你。2作非人称代词it用作无人称的主语，不指物，而表示时间、天气、气候、季节、距离等自然现象，或指事物的状态。What a long way it is from Beijing to London！(it指距离)从北京到伦敦是多么长的一段距离啊！It was nearly midnight
5、when she came back.(it指时间)她回来时快半夜了。If it hadnt been for the snow，we could have climbed over the mountain.(it指情况)要不是因为下雪，我们可能已经翻越了那座山。辨析 it，one，that，those和which(1)it指上文出现过的同一事物，而one则泛指与前面事物同属一类中的一个。This was the last dictionary in that bookstore.So I took it.(it特指前面提到的那本词典)这是那家书店的最后一本词典，所以我买下了它。There
6、are many dictionaries in that bookstore.So I bought one.(one泛指其中之一)那家书店有许多词典，所以我买了一本。(2)that作代词替代前面提到的事物，可数名词、不可数名词皆可。代替可数名词可以用the one替换。that的复数形式为those，只可替代可数名词复数，在句中相当于the ones。The headteacher in your class is younger and more active than that in theirs.你们班的班主任比他们班的班主任年轻而且更活跃。The students who do b
7、est in the exam are not always those.考试考得最好的学生并不总是那些最聪明的学生。(3)it和which都可以用来指某一件事，关键要看两个句子之间是否有并列连词，如果有就用it，反之用which。He was badly ill，and it made his mother worried.他病了，那使他母亲很担心。(it指代“他病了”这件事，注意并列连词and)He was badly ill，which made his mother worried.(which代表前面整个主句，在定语从句中作主语)他生病了，令他母亲很担心。.it用作形式主语it常代替
8、由不定式，ing形式或从句表示的真正主语，作形式主语，而将真正的主语移至句子的后面。1代替不定式短语作形式主语It is impolite to talk loudly in public places.在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。Its very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真好。2代替动名词短语作形式主语常用于以下结构中：Its useless/nouse/no good/no fun/a waste of time doing sth.做某事没有用/没有好处/没有意思/浪费时间Its no use/useless crying over spilt milk.
9、覆水难收。Its no good taking in much fat and sugar.吸收过多的脂肪和糖没有好处。Its no fun watching the same movie for a second time.同一部电影再看一遍没有意思。3代替主语从句作形式主语Its a pity that I didnt think of it earlier.我没有早一点这么想真是遗憾。It is a wellknown fact that smoking can cause cancer.吸烟可能会引起癌症是人尽皆知的事实。温馨提示选it还是asIt is wellknown to al
10、l that the earth is round.众所周知，地球是圆的。这个句子中it代替that引导的从句作形式主语，经常会与下面这个定语从句的句型混淆：is wellknown to all，the earth is round.这个句子中，第一个典型特征是逗号，第二是逗号后没有that，也就没有形式主语了。空白处应该填As。as代替后面的句子“the earth is round”，在定语从句中作主语。4注意以下固定句型It seems(ed)/appears(ed)that.似乎It(so)happened that.碰巧It turns(ed)out that.结果是It occu
11、rred to sb.that.某人突然想起It is said/reported/believed/hoped/wellknown/suggested.that.据说/据报道/大家都相信/人人都希望/大家都知道/有人建议It so happened that the tickets were sold out.碰巧票都卖光了。It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless child.她突然想到她可以收养一个无家可归的孩子。It turns out that the situation is quite serious.结果表明情况很严峻
12、。.it用作形式宾语it常可代替不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在句子中作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句子后面，it作形式宾语常用于以下几种情况：1动词it形容词/名词(for/of)to do/从句I find it hard for you to do the task on your own.我发现靠你自己做这个工作很难。They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.他们发现他们很难在两天内完成工作。2动词itno good/no use/useless/awaste oftime/wort
13、h ones while等doing.Ill make it worth your while telling me about his secret.告诉我他的秘密，我会酬谢你的。I believe it no use reading without understanding.我认为读书不理解没用。3动词it介词短语that.owe it to sb.that.把归功于某人take it for granted that.想当然/认为是当然的keep it in mind that.记住We all take it for granted that Mile can succeed.我们都
14、认为米尔能成功。We should always keep it in mind that no knowledge gained is ever wasted.我们要记住，没有知识是白学的。4it用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好、恶的动词后，如：enjoy，like，love，dislike，hate，dont mind，be fond of，feel like，see to，宾语从句紧跟it之后I hate it when my classmates make fun of me in public.我讨厌我的同学在公共场合取笑我。I would appreciate it
15、if you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment.如果你下午打电话预约医生，我会很感激的。单句语法填空1It is no use(try)again.2It is important that we(pay)close attention to the situation.3I consider it a great honor(be)invited to dinner.4I feel it my duty(speak)frankly to you.5It is important for her(come)to the party.6Dont bother to tidy your room.Just leave it to me(do)it.7He tookfor granted that his girlfriend would come back again.8I would appreciateif you could give me a hand.9He makes it a rulehe gets up before dawn.trying(should)payto beto speakto cometo doititthat
