1、专题3 第8讲.单句语法填空1(2020河北省衡水中学高三下学期四调)Chinas approach to protecting its environment while (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.【答案】feeding【解析】考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件
2、状语从句、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。2(2020福建省福州市高三毕业班质量检测)It was one year ago students started the project.【答案】that【解析】考查强调句型。此处是强调句型结构“It is/was被强调部分that/who从句”，被强调部分one year ago指时间，所以用that。故填that。3(2020广东广雅中学高三适应性考试) China continues to play an important role in global c
3、onversations，there will be more chances for young Chinese people to present China and tell attracting stories.【答案】As【解析】考查连词。句意：随着中国在全球对话中扮演重要角色，对于中国的年轻人来说会有更多机会介绍中国，讲述吸引人的故事。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处是时间状语从句的连词，意为“随着”，一般用as。故填As。4(2020江西省新余市高考二模)Her first work came out in 1993，and was believed that her third
4、 novel Primeval and Other Times marked her major breakthrough.【答案】it【解析】考查it作形式主语。句意：她的第一部作品于1993年出版，而她的第三部小说则标志着重大突破。分析句子结构可知，被相信的内容是that引导的从句，是真正的主语，这里要用形式主语it。故填it。5(2020辽宁省大连市第二十四中学高三模拟)However，every coin has two sides， does Internet shopping.【答案】so【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：然而，任何事物都有两面性，网上购物也是如此。此处为“so助动词/b
5、e动词/系动词/情态动词主语”结构，表示“也一样”为部分倒装句。故填so。6(2020福建省厦门市高三一次质检)It was in the royal stables(马厩) Han Gan developed his own style of painting horses based on observing them，instead of the conventional practice of imitating a great master.【答案】that【解析】考查强调句型。句意：正是在皇宫的马厩里，韩干在观察马的基础上发展出了自己的绘画风格。去掉It was和空处，句子成分仍然
6、完整，因此本句为强调句型，其基本结构为：it is被强调部分that其余部分，本句强调的是地点状语in the royal stables。故填that。7(2020湖南省长沙市第一中学高三月考)Meanwhile，he advised people not to travel to and from Wuhan while (dedicate) himself to combating the outbreak.【答案】dedicating【解析】考查省略句。在while连接的状语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，常省略从句主语和be动词。从句完整为while (he is)
7、 dedicating himself to combating the outbreak。故填dedicating。8(2019江苏模拟)Once (catch) stealing in a supermarket，youll be punished.【答案】caught 【解析】考查省略句。once引导的时间状语从句中省略了 you are，故catch应用被动形式，即填过去分词形式。9(2019郑州模拟) is no doubt that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with written English.【答案】There 【解析
8、】考查there be句式。固定句式“there is no doubt that.”意为“毫无疑问”。故填There。10(2019江西六校联考)In that way，World Read Aloud Day (do) help make a difference.【答案】does 【解析】考查强调。本句主语为World Read Aloud Day，谓语动词为动词原形help，根据提示词为do，可知本题考查对谓语的强调。又根据主语为单数第三人称可知，应填does。.单句改错1(2020黑龙江哈尔滨市三中高三第一次调研)It is human behavior which is to bl
9、ame.【答案】which改为that【解析】考查强调句型。句意：这应该归咎于人类的行为。根据句意及分析可知，human behavior is to blame是完整的句子，故此处考查强调句型，It is.that.，被强调的部分是humans behavior。故将which改为that。2(2020山西省大同市第一中学高三下学期模拟)It was at that time that I realized what important it was to master a certain skill.【答案】what改为how【解析】考查感叹句。此处是隐含的感叹句，而后面的中心词是形容词i
10、mportant，应用how引导感叹句。故将what改为how。3(2020湖北黄冈中学高三2月网络联考)It is working in teams instead of on my own which has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficient.【答案】which改为that【解析】考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，it is被强调结构that，这里强调主语working in teams。故which改成that。4(2020湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高三阶段检测)That is no doubt that we wil
11、l have a wonderful time together! 【答案】That改为There【解析】考查固定句式。句意：毫无疑问，我们会度过一段美好的时光。根据句意可知，there is no doubt that是固定句型，意为“毫无疑问的是”。故将That改为There。5(2020山西省太原市高三一模)They believe here are two reasons for being a doctor.【答案】here改为there【解析】考查there be句型。根据句意：他们认为有两个当医生的理由，句子应该用there be 表示“有”。故将here改成there。6(20
12、20河北省衡水中学高三下学期十调)Only in this way can a better parentchild relationship will be developed.【答案】去掉will【解析】考查倒装句。句意：只有这样才能发展出更好的亲子关系。此处Only加状语in this way位于句子开头句子用部分倒装，情态动词can已经放在主语前面，所以will是多余的。故去掉句中的will。7(2020安徽省六安市省示范高中高三教学质量检测)(Worse still，we have little time to communicate with our parents and fri
13、ends.) So do we have time for physical exercise.【答案】So改为Neither/Nor【解析】考查倒装句。句意：我们也没有时间做体育锻炼。“neither/nor助动词主语”是倒装句，表示“上文否定的事实适用于下文的主语”，如 I dont like English，neither does he.(我不喜欢英语，他也不喜欢)。故将 So改为Neither/Nor。8(2019湖北联考)Not until then I know my senior high school life had really begun.【答案】then后加did 【
14、解析】考查倒装句。not until位于句首要用部分倒装结构，又根据语境可知应用助动词do的过去式。9(2019山东模拟)There have some pieces of information that Id like to share with you.【答案】haveare 【解析】考查there be句式。此处为there be句式，不存在there have这种表达。10(2019乌鲁木齐高三诊断)I sat at a table，explaining every step of the process while make tea.【答案】makemaking【解析】考查省略句。
15、在while引导的时间状语从句中，当主从句的主语一致且含有be的某种形式时可省略从句的主语和be，I与make之间是主动关系，句子补充完整应该是while I was making tea，本句相当于省略了I was。故make改为making。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020江西省赣州市高三模拟)Although Western medicine is 1 (current) more popular，traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) maintains its vitality(生命力)After 2
16、(century) of development，plentiful experiences in diagnosis and treatment have enriched TCM theories.TCM theories began to take shape some 2,000 years ago， 3 (base) on the philosophies of jing and qi，the five elements of nature，and yin-yang.Jing and qi are the vital essences of life.The five element
17、s，i.e.metal，wood，water，fire and earth， 4 (believe) to mutually reinforce and restrain each other(相生相克)Yin and yang represent the two opposing aspects of 5 object or two contradictory objects. 6 (keep) yin and yang balanced ensures good health.With much 7 (fast) healing effects，Western medicine has b
18、ecome popular in China since the late Qing Dynasty (16441911) and had great impact on TCM，so much so that a debate on 8 to support TCM took place.It wasnt until the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949 9 TCM started to be revived(复兴)In October 2015，Tu Youyou，a Chinese TCM researche
19、r，won the Nobel Prize in medicine，an 10 (achieve) that has injected new life into the development of TCM.【答案】1.currently2.centuries3.based4.are believed5.an/one6.Keeping7.faster8.whether9that10.achievement【解析】这是一篇说明文。西药因为疗效快更受欢迎，但中药一直有自己的生命力，且屠呦呦获诺贝尔医学奖更是给中药发展注入了活力。1考查副词。句意：虽然当前西药更流行，但传统的中药有自己的生命力。p
20、opular是形容词，应该用副词修饰，current的副词是currently。故填currently。2考查名词复数。句意：数个世纪的发展后，大量的诊断和治疗中的经验丰富了中药理论。century是可数名词，前面没有修饰限定词，所以要用复数形式。故填centuries。3考查非谓语动词。句意：基于精气哲学，自然的五要素和阴阳，2 000年前中药理论开始形成。分析句子可知，began是句子的谓语，base要用非谓语形式，be based on “以为基础”，所以用过去分词，即based。故填based。4考查动词语态。句意：金、木、水、火和土五种元素被认为相生相克。根据整段时态判断要用一般现在
21、时；主语是five elements，谓语要用复数形式；主语five elements与believe是被动关系，用被动语态。故填are believed。5考查冠词/代词。句意：阴阳代表一个物体的两个对立面或者两个矛盾的物体。根据句意，此处表“一个”，object为元音音素开头的字母。故填an/one。6考查动名词做主语。句意：保持阴阳平衡能确保身体健康。ensure是句子的谓语，keep要用动名词充当句子的主语放在句首，所以用doing形式。故填Keeping。7考查比较级。句意：因为疗效更快，西药从清代开始在中国流行且对中药有很大影响。此处是西药和中药对比，应该用比较级。故填faster
22、。8考查连词。句意：因为疗效更快，西药从清代开始在中国流行且对中药有很大影响。西药如此流行以至于对是否支持传统中药引起了争论。空白处后跟不定式做介词on的宾语，根据句意表“是否”。故填whether。9考查强调句。句意：直到1949年中华人民共和国成立，传统中药才开始复兴。“It is/was被强调部分that/who(指人)其余成分”是强调句的基本句式，此处not until the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949是被强调部分。故填that。10考查名词。句意：2015年10月，中国传统中药研究者屠呦呦，获得了医学
23、诺贝尔奖，这项成就给传统中药的发展注入了新的活力。 an修饰单数可数名词，achieve的名词形式是achievement。故填achievement。.短文改错假定英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、 删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限1词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2020辽宁部分重点中学协作体高三5月联考)Dea
24、r Stacy，I happened to have read your advertisement and have decided to apply to the job.The following are my self introduction.As a high school student，I had been learning English for many years.I have a good command of English.I am always willing to help other because of my warm-heartedness and out
25、going personality.In the addition，I am in good condition by taking exercise every day.Therefore，I am firmly convinced what I am qualified for the job.By acting as a translator for you，unpaying as it is，not only it enrich my life，but it will be of great benefit to me in the long run.I believe I can a
26、ccumulate some value job experience.I would appreciate it if you could take my applications into consideration.I am looking forward to your reply.【答案】Dear Stacy，I happened to have read your advertisement and have decided to apply the job.The following my self introduction.As a high school student，I
27、been learning English for many years.I have a good command of English.I am always willing to help because of my warm-heartedness and outgoing personality.In the addition，I am in good condition by taking exercise every day.Therefore，I am firmly convinced I am qualified for the job.By acting as a tran
28、slator for you， as it is，not only it enrich my life，but it will be of great benefit to me in the long run.I believe I can accumulate some job experience.I would appreciate it if you could take my into consideration.I am looking forward to your reply.【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章作者看到广告后，写信想要申请这份工作。在信中，作者进行了自我介绍，并表达
29、了渴望获得这份工作的心情。1考查固定短语。句意：我碰巧看到了你们的广告，已经决定申请这个工作。apply for“申请”，该短语是固定短语。所以to改成for。2考查主谓一致。句意：以下是我的自我介绍。在一般现在时中，主语The following是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。所以are改成is。3考查时态。句意：作为一名高中生，我已经学习英语很多年了。表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成或可能持续下去，用现在完成时。所以had改成have。4考查代词。句意：因为我的热情和外向的性格，我总是愿意帮助其他人。other另外一个；others其他人，文中表示“其他人”。所以other改成o
30、thers。5考查固定短语。句意：此外，通过每天锻炼身体，我的身体状况良好。in addition“此外”，该短语是固定短语。所以in the addition 的 the 去掉。6考查宾语从句。句意：因此，我坚信我能胜任这份工作。这里含有一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义，用that引导该宾语从句。所以what改成that。7考查倒装句和过去分词。句意：作为你的翻译，虽然没有报酬，但它不仅会丰富我的生活，而且从长远来看，它将对我有很大的好处。as可引起让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，但要用部分倒装结构，构成：过去分词as主语系动词。所以unpaying改成unpaid
31、。8考查部分倒装。这里not only.but also连接两个并列句，根据but it will be of great benefit to me in the long run可知表示将要发生的事情，用一般将来时。not only后面的句子要使用部分倒装，把情态动词will放在主语的前面。所以not only 后面加 will。9考查形容词。句意：我相信我能积累一些宝贵的工作经验。该空修饰名词job experience，用形容词。所以value改成valuable。10考查名词单复数。句意：如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。“我的申请”是单数意义，用名词单数。所以applications改成application。
