1、If I am free,I will visit you.If I were a bird,I would fly into the sky.虚拟语气定义定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。1.if 型 2.特殊句型 3.名词性从句 4.情态动词+have done一.If 型的虚拟语气时 间If 条件句主 句过去现在将来过去完成时Would/could/should/Might+have done一般过去时（be用were）would/should/could/might+do一般过去时Should doWere to
2、 do Would/should/could/might+do1.If I were you,I _ buy the house right now.A.wont B.dont C.wouldnt D.cant2._more careful,his ship would not have sunk.A.If the captain were B.If the captain had been C.Should the captain be D.If the captain would have been 3.If he _me tomorrow,I would let him know A.s
3、hould call B.should not have been able C.were not able D.are not able If you _(take)the medicine last night,you _(be)better now.注意：1）错综时间复杂句If I _(be)you,I _(follow)his advice then.If you had taken the medicine last night,you would be better now,but you _(not).had takenwould bewerehad followeddidnt2
4、）、省略句 在条件句中，可省略 if，把were(注意不是weretodo),had,should 提到句首，变为倒装句式If I were at school again,I would study harder.If you had come earlier,you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.Were I at school again,I would study harder.Had you come earlier,you would have met him.Shoul
5、d it rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.3)一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（if）,其后的句子与虚拟条件主句用法一致。含蓄条件句but for+n(要不是),without+n,otherwise(否则)，or,supposing,for fear that+句子现在/将来would/could/should/might+V.(原)过去 would/could/should/might+have done1.But for your help,we _ (not make)such rapid progress.2.Without air,there
6、 _(be)no living things.3.He got up late,otherwise,he_(catch)the first bus.would not have madewould bewould have caught 特殊句型wish/as if(though)/if only would rather Its(high/about)time that 特殊句型1wish/asif/though/if only+从句现在:过去时（were）过去:过去完成时(had done)未来:would/could/might+V.(原)I wish I _(see)that film
7、 star yesterday.Our English teacher looks as if he_(be)20 years old.wereIf only I _(enter)a key university next year!could enterhad seen 特殊句型2would Rather+that（从句）宁愿v-ed现在/将来过去had done1.I would rather that you _(listen)to me yesterday.2.I would rather that you _(go)home next week.had listenedwent 特殊
8、句型3Its(high)time+that过去时(were)/should(不省)+V.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.三.名词性从句1在名词性从句中，以下动词：insist 一坚持order,command 二命令advise,advice,suggest,recommend四建议（suggestion,propose,proposal）demand,require,request,ask，desire五要求urge,advocate，prefer从句用“主语+(should)+do”He sugg
9、ested that we _(go)home earlier.宾语从句It was suggested that we _(go)home earlier.主语从句His suggestion was that we _(go)home earlier.表语从句He made an suggestion that we _(go)home earlier.同位语从句(should)go(should)go(should)go(should)go注意：insist/suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 should+do;insist 表
10、示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。1.He insisted that he_(be)innocent and _(set)free at once.2.Her pale face suggested that she _(be)ill and the teacher suggested she _(send)to hospital immediately.was(should)be setwas(should)be sent名词性从句2It is+adj(necessary,stran
11、ge,naturalimportant，desired)that.it is+n(a pity,a shame,no wonder).+that.It is important that we _(read)English every day.Its a pity that you _(miss)it.(should)read(should)miss从句用“主语+(should)+do”四.情态动词+have done 1.“could+have+done”表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做He could have passed the exam,but he was too
12、 careless.l 2.“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。l “shouldnt+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。Tom,you are too lazy.The work should have been finished yesterday.Look,Tom is crying.I shouldnt have been so harsh on him.l3.“neednt+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了I neednt have bought so much wineonly fi
13、ve people came.单句语法填空1HowIwishI_(pass)thegeographyexam!Soyouresorrythatyoudidntworkhard.2.Theyoungfirefighterinsistedthathe_(be)wellpreparedandshouldbesenttheretoputoutthefire.3Its time that we _(do)something quickly.had passed(should)be did/should do l 5.John wants to see me now,but I have so much
14、work on hand that I would rather he _(come)tomorrow than today.l 6.I should not have laughed if I_(think)you were serious.l 7When you phoned me,I was having a meeting;how I wish I _(answer)your call.l 8It is required by law that a driving test _(take)before a man gets a license camehad thoughthad an
15、sweredbe taken单句改错1WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo？Ifyouareme，wouldyoutalktothem？2Theywouldhavearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.3Youshouldnthaveboughtsomuchfood，becauseIhavepreparedeverythingforthepicnic.4MostcitizensinHongKongstronglyinsistedthatthosewhoattackedthepolicewithviolencewereputintopri
16、son.5Hemadeasuggestionthatwedidsomevolunteerworkthisweekend.6Dontbesleepyallday.Itstimethatyoufightforyourdream.Subjective moodIf 型Should+v型特殊句型情态动词+have done。错综时间条件句(各自为准)Were,had,should提前，省略if1.一个坚持，两个命令，四个建议，五个要求。2.It is（necessary，strange）+that1.wish/as if/if only2.Would rather3.It is(high)time that1.过去式2.过去完成3.could、would、might+v1.过去式2.过去完成should（不省）+v/过去式1.would,could,should,might+v2.would,could,should,might+have doneinsistsuggestwithoutBut for/otherwise/
