1、Contents2134Introduction 5SkimmingScanning Detailed ReadingPost ReadingLanguage Points6Introduction Reading and speakingRead the quotations and answer the questions.A.We have really everything in common with America nowadays,except of course,language.-Oscar Wilde,19th century writerB Within a centur
2、y British and American English speakers will not be able to understand each other.-Henry Sweet,19th century linguistC America and England are two countries divided by a common language.-George Bernard Shaw,20th century writerD It doesnt make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or A
3、merican English.-Dave Sperling,founder of Daves ESL Cafe1.What is the topic of the quotations?The difference between British and American English.2.Whose opinion is the most optimistic?Dave Sperling.3.Whose opinion is the most pessimistic?Henry Sweet.4.Which(if any)do you think are funny?open5.Which
4、 is good news for students of English?D6.Can you guess which quotations are from British people?ATalk about your expectations of the two varieties of English.1.What do you expect British and2.American English to be like?3.2.Are you optimistic or pessimistic about4.the British and American English?5.
5、3.Read the emails and say which6.is American and which is British?(point out the reason)British EnglishAmerican EnglishMumMomprogrammeprogramtheatretheaterrealiserealizewrite to mewrite meKey to the answersThe second writer is American.Some of the reasons we know are:Check the true statements.1.Peop
6、le from Hong Kong can understand people from Beijing.2.Open3.2.People from Shanghai sound the same as people from Xian.F3.Chinese characters can be understood by all speakers of Chinese.4.American English is very different from British English.5.People from Britain cant understand people from Americ
7、a.FFTBritish and American EnglishRead the titles and the first sentences of each paragraph and find four ways in which British and American English are different.vocabulary grammar spelling pronunciationSubject Sentences in parts1-4Part 1:Part 2:Part 3:Part 4:The first and most obvious way is in the
8、 vocabularySometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning.There are a few differences in grammar.The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.Reading carefully and find the differences in vocabulary,grammar and spelling.the Differences in Vocabulary(
9、Part 1)BritishAmericancarsmotorwaypetrolundergroundtaxi automobilesfreewaysgassubwaycabBritishAmericantorchqueue upchips(薯片)crisps(薯条)Read the second part and finish the Read the second part and finish the form.form.flashlightstand in lineFrench frieschipsthe Differences in Grammar(Part 3)British En
10、glishAmerican EnglishHave you got?My friend just arrived.in the team/at the weekendWrite me soon!Do you have?My friend has just arrivedon the team/weekendWrite to me soon!the Differences in Spelling and Pronunciation(Part 4)British EnglishAmerican Englishspellingpronunciationcentre,colourprogrammece
11、nter,color programPeriodsThemesIn the 20th centuryThe two varieties of English have been influencing each other by non-stop communication.Read part 5 and finish the form.At present Different people,such as newsreaders and 7._,speak English with different 8._.In the futureThere are going to be many“E
12、nglishes”.accents weather forecastersOrganization of the textParagraph One,Two,Three and Four.Paragraph Five,Six and Seven.Could you tell the structure of the wholepassage?1.Which paragraphs tell the ways in which British and American English are different?2.Which paragraphs predict the future of th
13、ese two varieties?1.There are _ differences between American and British varieties of English.A.no B.a few C.lots ofComplete the sentences with the correct words or phrases.2.Americans _ understand what the British are saying.A.sometimes B.usually C.never 3.There are _ differences between British an
14、d American grammar.A.no B.many C.not many4.American spelling is _ British spelling.A.the same way B.simpler than C.harder than 5.For a Londoner,an American accent may be easier to understand than _.A.a Chinese accent B.some British accents C.a CNN newsreader6.Television and the Internet have made it
15、 _ for the British and Americans to understand each other.A.harder B.easier C.impossibleRead the passage again and complete the following sentences.1.British and American English are different _(在很多方面).2.2.The British queue up;Americans _.stand in line in many ways3.But it has also led to lots of Am
16、erican words and structures _(进入)British English.4.A Londoner _ _(做某事有困难)a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.passing into has more difficultyunderstanding Detailed understandingRead the text carefully again and decide whether the following statements are True(T)of False(F).1.The
17、arrival of the first settlers had an effect on the American pronunciation.T2.A Londoner can understand a Scotsman more easily than understand a New Yorker.3.Monita Rajpal grew up speaking three different languages.4.It is certain that British English will disappear soon.FFT1.How many main varieties
18、of Chinese are there?2.In what ways are they different?3.Do Chinese people from different regions have problems understanding each other?4.What will happen to Chinese in the future?下面是对课文British and American English内容的简要概括，根据首字母提示填入适当的单词完成短文。British and American English are different.The most o_ dif
19、ference is in the vocabulary.For example,Americans drive down freeways,w_ the British drive along motorways.Sometimes the same word has a different meaning,which can be c_.bvioushileonfusingThere are differences in grammar,too:c_ the British sentence“Have you got.?”with the American sentence“Do you
20、have.?”.P_ can also be different.Americans say“on the weekend”,while the British say“at the weekend”.The other variations in the two v_ of English are spelling and pronunciation.Americans prefer to s_ spelling.omparerepositions implifyarietiesAs for pronunciation,although there are differences,a Bri
21、ton can still understand an American.Recently,both varieties of English have become more alike.Satellite TV and the Internet let the British and Americans listen to each other at the f_ of a switch,leading to American words and s_ passing into British English.licktructuresHowever,as English is spoke
22、n worldwide there may be more than two varieties in the future.But dont worry.Users of English will still be able to c_ with each other and understand each other.ommunicate1.have.in common(with sb./sth.)意为“(和)有共同之处”。如：The two cultures have a lot in common.这两种文化具有很多相同之处。Real friends should have much
23、in common.真正的朋友应该有很多相同之处。【拓展】in common with 和一样Language points【即学即练】根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成下列句子，每空一词。1.The two games _ _ _ _(没有相同之处).2._ _ _ _ _(和其他许多国家一样),Britain has experienced major changes over the last 100 years.In common with many other countries have nothing in common 2.make a difference 表示“对有影响，发生差异
24、，重要”。如：The sea air has made a difference to her health.海上的空气改善了她的健康状况。It doesnt make a difference to me whether you attend the contest or not.你参不参加这个竞赛对我来说都没有什么关系。【拓展】make no/some/much difference没有/有一些/有很大影响词汇扩展：differ vi.与不同,相异;不同意，意见相左,常与from 搭配different adj.不同的，相异的，各种各样的常用的修饰词有：very much,quite,en
25、tirely,totally【即学即练】根据所给的汉语提示完成下列句子，每空一词。1.这场雨对运动会没有太大影响。The rain didnt _ _ _ to the sports meet.2.谁赢这场比赛对我来说没有什么区别。It _ _ _ _ _ _ who wins the game.doesnt make a difference to memake much difference 3.get around请把get around在句子中的含义与其相应的汉语释义配对。1.My father could get around after the operation.2.It wou
26、ld take some time for the news to get around.3.I think we should not get around most of these problems.a.回避，逃避，绕过某困难b.走动c.(消息)传开，传出去abc【即学即练】汉译英。1.她拄着拐杖四处走动。2.他在事故中遇难的消息迅速传开了。3.你规避制度是不对的。She gets around with the help of a stick.News soon got around that he was killed in the accident.Its wrong of you
27、 to get around the rules.4.Prepositions,too,can be different:compare on the team,on the weekend(American)with in the team,at the weekend(British).介词也不同:把美国的on the team,on the weekend与英国的in the team,at the weekend比较一下。compare to把.比作compare with把.进行比较compare notes(with sb)交换意见、观点、看法compared with(to)“和
28、比较”，常位于句首或句尾，作状语If you compare her work with his，youll find hers is much better要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她好得多。Compared with(to)drivers in other countries,Americans think theyre good drivers同其他国家司机相比，美国人认为他们是不错的。We saw the play separately and compared notes afterwards我们各自看了那出戏，后来交换了意见。扩展：by comparison相比之下by c
29、omparison with与相比By comparison with the lively teenagers,the adults were a joyless lot.和活泼的年轻人比起来，成年人是没有欢乐的群体。练习：1)The production of grain rose by 25 _ the first three months of last year.A.comparing to B.compare with C.compared to D.to compare with2)When _ different cultures,we often pay attention
30、only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A.Compared B.being compared C.Comparing D.having compared4.After all,there is probably as muchvariation of pronunciation within the two countries as between them.毕竟,两个国家境内的发音的差别可能跟两国之间的发音差别一样多。1)after all 毕竟;仍然:We chose to take a plane a
31、fter all.我们仍然选择乘飞机。终究;最终:It has turned out to be a nice day after all.天气终于转晴了。2)as much as 意思是“多达,之多”,as as 中间常接形容词或副词原形,即 as+adj./adv.+as。The cost of the trip is as much as50,000 yuan.这次旅行的费用高达50,000人民币。asas在否定句中也可将第一个as换成so。Mike is not so clever as his sister.迈克不如他姐姐聪明。5.A Londoner has more diffic
32、ulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.伦敦的居民听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人的话要比听懂一个纽约人的话难得多。have difficultyin doing sth.with sth.Do you have any difficulty withEnglish?你英语上有困难吗？The government had great difficulty inpersuading people to leave their villages.政府很难说服人们离开他们的村庄。干某事有困难认真分
33、析下列句子，并补全所缺内容。1.【原句】When the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw made the famous remark that the British and the Americans are two nations divided by a common language,he was obviously thinking about the differences.(P2)【译文】当爱尔兰作家乔治萧伯纳讲那句名言英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个民族的时候，他显然想到了它们的区别。【分析】a.这是一个_句。b.When引导的是_从句。c
34、.that引导的是_从句，进一步说明remark的具体内容。d.divided by a common language是过去分词短语作_，修饰nations。主从复合时间状语同位语后置定语【仿写】当刘老师说那句话“你一定会成功”时，他显然是在鼓励我。When Mr.Liu made the remark that I was sure to succeed,he was obviously encouraging me.2.【原句】But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British
35、 English,so that some people now believe that British English will disappear.(P3)【译文】但是这也致使许多美式英语单词和结构传入英式英语，以至于现在一些人认为英式英语要消失了。【分析】a.这是一个主从复合句。主句的结构为：主语（it）+谓语（has led to）+宾语（lots of American words and structures）+_（passing into British English）。b.so that引导的是_从句。c.that引导的从句作动词_的宾语。宾语补足语结果状语believed
36、.d.lead to引起，导致，其中to是介词，后须跟名词、代词或_。【仿写】这已使得人们认为减肥的唯一方法是上这类节目。动词ing形式This has led to people believing theonly way they can lose weight is to appear on one of these shows.3.【原句】However,if you turn on CNN,the American TV network,you find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speaking with different a
37、ccents American,British,Australian,and even Spanish.(P3)【译文】然而，如果你打开美国电视网络节目CNN，你会发现新闻播报员和天气预报员操着不同的口音美国的，英国的，澳大利亚的，甚至西班牙的。【分析】a.这是一个_句。b.if引导的是_从句。在从句中，the American TV network作CNN的同位语。c.find sb.doing sth.发觉/发现某人正在做某事，强调do的动作正在进行。主从复合条件状语d.破折号后的内容作_，解释说明different accents的具体内容。【仿写】如果你是他们的老师，你会发现那些学生都
38、在很努力地学习。同位语If you are their teacher,you find the students studying very hard.根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。1.我宁愿去看电影也不愿呆在家里(prefer 2.to)2.你简直无法想象那个女人抚养她的孩子是多么困难。(have difficulty in doing sth.)I prefer to go to the movies rather than stay at home.You can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had(in)bringing up he
39、r children.3.孩子们,来排好队,让我们进戏院吧。(queue up)4.要是把他俩的工作比较一下,你就会发现她做得要好得多。(compare)Come and queue up,children.Lets go to the theater.If you compare her work with his/If you compare their work,youll find hers is much better.5.他们的房子和我们的差不多，只是我们的花园大一些。(be similar to)6.客人离开后，她花了尽可能多的时间打扫房间。(as much.as)Their h
40、ouse is similar to ours,but ours has a bigger garden.After the guests left,she spent as much time as she could cleaning the rooms.7.爱迪生问他的父亲为什么母鸡能下蛋，而他却不能。(while)8.毫无疑问，过量的工作和过少的休息常常会引起疾病。(lead to)Edison asked his father why hens could lay eggs while he couldnt.There is no doubt that too much work a
41、nd too little rest often lead to illness.9.乘坐公交车在北京旅行很方便。(get around)10.所有证据表明，最近几年这个问题已得到改善。(suggest)Getting around by bus is convenient in Beijing.All the evidence suggests that the problem has improved in recent years.Try to collect more words or expressions which are different in British and American English in the 4 ways.(vocabulary,grammar,spelling and pronunciation)Homework Task of the lesson
