1、一、语基必备知识 (一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1anecdote n轶事；奇闻2migration n. 迁徙；迁居；移居3shore n. 岸；海滨4suck vt.& vi. 吮吸5shark n. 鲨鱼6telescope n. 望远镜7tide n. 潮(汐)；潮水；潮流8seaweed n. 海草；海藻9flashlight n. 闪光信号灯；手电筒；闪光灯10steep adj. 陡峭的11shallow adj. 浅的；肤浅的；浅显的12pension n. 养老金；退休金13yell vi. 大叫；呼喊n. 叫声；喊声14conservation n. 保存；保护15
2、awesome adj. 使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的16cell n. 细胞；(蜂房的)巢室.核心词汇写其形1witness vt. 当场见到；目击n. 目击者；证人；证据2opposite prep. 在对面adj. 相对的；相反的3pause vi.& n. 暂停；中止4drag vt. 拖；拉；扯5urge vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策6meantime adv. 其间；同时7annual adj. 每年的；按年度计算的n. 年刊；年鉴8neat adj. 口好的；整齐的；匀称的9teamwork n. 协作；配合10flee vi. 逃避；逃跑vt. 逃离11narrow adj. 狭窄的
3、；有限的；狭隘的12target n. 目标；靶；受批评的对象.拓展词汇通其变1accommodate vt.提供住宿accommodation n住所；住宿2deep adj.& adv.深的(地)deeply adv.深深地deepen v使加深；变深depth n深(度)3urge vt.催促；极力主张urgent_ adj.紧急的4abandon vt.放弃；遗弃abandoned adj.被遗弃的5relate v使有联系；涉及related adj.有关系的relation n关系；叙述relationship_ n关系6conserve v保存；保护conservation n保
4、存；保护7reflect vi.思考 vt.映射；反射；思考reflection n反射；反映；映像8aware adj.意识到的；知道的awareness n意识9sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的sharpen v削尖；磨快；尖锐；变锋利sharpener n铅笔刀；磨具10taste n味道 v品尝tasteless adj.无味的tasty adj.好吃的；可口的11scare vt.恐吓 vi.受惊吓scared adj.恐惧的；害怕的scary adj.恐怖的；可怕的12vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的vividly adv.清晰地；生动地；强烈地1.“形容词和副
5、词”同形的词deep adj.深的adv. 在深处close adj. 亲密的adv. 紧密地fast adj. 快的adv. 迅速地direct adj. 直接的adv. 直接地2.好好“保护”conserve v保护；保存conservation n. 保护；保存protect v. 保护protection n. 保护preserve v. 保护；保存reserve n. 保护区3. “看”遍天下witness v当场见到；目击n. 目击者；证人glare v. 瞪眼；怒目而视glimpse v. 瞥见；看一眼watch v. 看；注视glance v. (粗略地)看一下；扫视stare
6、 vt.& vi. 凝视；盯着看(二)重点短语记牢用活1ahead_of优于；在前面2aim_at 瞄准3in_the_meantime 在此期间；与此同时4help_(.)_out_ 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难5be/become_aware_of 对知道、明白；意识到6upside_down 上下翻转7(be)_scared_to_death 吓死了8hold_up 举起；抬起；支撑；阻挡；使延误9be_about_to_do_sth. 即将做某事；将要做某事10get_close_to_ 靠近1.“v.at”动词短语荟萃aim at瞄准point at 指向arrive at 到达lau
7、gh at 嘲笑knock at 敲(门、窗等)2.hold相关短语集合hold up 举起；阻挡hold on 坚持；稍等hold back 踌躇；阻止hold out 维持；坚持hold off 推迟；战胜3.“动词out”短语专辑help (.) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难work out 解决；算出；锻炼figure out 解决；算出；弄清find out 查明；弄清楚try out 试用；试验 (三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：It was a time when.曾经/一度It_was_a_time_when the killer whales, or “kil
8、lers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。句型2：be about to do sth.正要做某事This was the call that announced there was_about_to_be_a_whale_hunt这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。句型3：see.doing sth.看见正在做某事As we drew clos
9、er, I could see_a_whale_being_attacked_by a pack of about six other killers. 随着我们的逼近，我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他六条虎鲸袭击。句型4：where.there be.在地方，有The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there_was_a_steep_drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1In that
10、country, people who talk too loudly on their mobile phones or eat smelly foods will face being dragged(拖；拉) off the underground train and handed $650 fines.2I would like to set a new target(目标) for my studies after I enter my ideal college.3Years of school life has taught me a lot of things, of whic
11、h teamwork(协作) is the most important for me.4We should keep our classroom and dormitory neat(整齐的) and tidy every day.5The weather was too hot, so I ran towards the seaside and dived(dive) into the cool water.6(2019全国卷)You also need to judge the quality and depth(deep) of your motivation.语境品词写出加黑词汇在语
12、境中的意义1(2019天津卷阅读D)Most of us，in fact，progressively narrow the variety of our lives.We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it.使缩小；使变窄2(2018江苏卷阅读C)We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, a
13、nd as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds.保存；保护3(2017全国卷阅读D)When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink.吮吸4(2017北京
14、卷阅读B)Refund Policythe subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.退还；偿还5(全国卷阅读D)A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life. 南极的.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it.(scare)2The boys pe
15、ncil isnt sharp,_so he sharpens it with his sharpener(sharp)3Though the soup is tasty,_Ive lost my sense of taste and it tastes just like tasteless water.(tasty)4The lake is over 20 meters in depth. So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(depth)5Some flow
16、ers are reflected in the river and the reflection is very beautiful.(reflect)6If you cant find any accommodations elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.(accommodate)7He described vividly what he saw in London, giving us a vivid picture about peoples life there.(vivid)8Whe
17、ther a student likes a subject or not, is normally related to the relationship/relation between he and his teacher.(relate).选词成篇be scared to death; help.out; be aware of; get close to; in the meantime; ahead of; be about toOnce I, together with my parents, visited Qingdao Ocean World. To my joy, I c
18、ould 1.get_close_to_ the shark in the aquarium. Although I 2.was_aware_of_ the shark in the tank, I 3.was_scared_to_death when the shark swam to me.4In_the_meantime,_there were many visitors 5.ahead_of us. They were also scared to scream. We 6.were_about_to_ go to see other fishes when the shark tur
19、ned around. Luckily, it was the feeder that drew its attention and 7.helped us out. What an exciting experience we had under the sea!.完成句子1那是一个很多年轻人到农村去锻炼的时代。It_was_a_time_when many young people went to the countryside to get some training.2我们看到越来越多的古建筑正在被破坏或拆除。We see more_and_more_ancient_buildings
20、_being_destroyed or pulled down.3常言道，有志者事竟成。As the saying goes, where_there_is_a_will,_there_is_a_way4我正要出去，这时突然下起雨来。I was_about_to_go_out_when it began to rain. witnessvt.当场见到；目击n目击者；证人；证据基础练习单句语法填空(上海卷)The late twentieth century witnessed(witness) the rapid development of Chinas economy.What the p
21、olice did first was to interview all the witnesses(witness) to the accident last week.能力提升微写作(2018全国卷书面表达)我们将见证我们学校的荣耀，我们一起成长。We_will_witness_the_glory_of_our_school，and we are growing together.(1)witness sth./that.目击witness to (doing) sth. 证实/证明(做)某事(2)a witness of/to sth. 某事的证人/证明 佳句背诵 Our city wi
22、tnesses four different seasons，plenty of sunshine and good rainfall, but in winter you may feel a little cold.我们的城市见证了四个不同的季节，阳光充足、雨量充沛，但在冬天你可能会觉得有点冷。 urgevt.催促；极力主张；驱策n强烈的欲望；冲动基础练习单句语法填空(2017全国卷)I never felt an urge to_learn(learn) any sign language before.(2018浙江卷6月)Because of all this extra time,
23、 there was no sense of urgency(urge) to do my school work immediately.能力提升微写作(江苏卷书面表达)人们不仅在网上投票，还敦促他人投票支持诸如“最美丽的老师”和“最萌宝贝”这样的竞赛。People not only cast online votes themselves, but also urge_others_to_vote_for competitions like “The Most Beautiful Teacher” and “The Cutest Baby”(1)urge sb. to do/into do
24、ing sth.催促某人做某事urge that.(should) do sth.极力主张(2)feel an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的urgency n. 紧迫；急迫；急事佳句背诵 In order to improve learning efficiency, I urge that all of us (should) form the habit of thinking independently and going over lessons in time.为了提高学习效率，我主张大家养成独立思考、及时复习功课的习
25、惯。 abandonvt.遗弃；放弃；抛弃；中止；(与oneself连用)使放纵，使听任n放任；放纵基础练习单句语法填空As far as I know，they have abandoned carrying(carry) out the plan for lack of money.Feeling frustrated, I found myself abandoning myself to playing(play) computer games.(2018全国卷)Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned(abandon) bricks o
26、f different ages.能力提升完成句子我正要放弃希望，就在这时，我的爸爸过来鼓励我要继续下去。I_was_about_to_abandon_hope_when my father came and encouraged me to keep going.(1)abandon oneself to.沉湎于abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地(3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的be abandoned to 沉湎于佳句背诵 We should abandon those bad habits that are h
27、armful to our health, such as smoking and drinking.我们应该摒弃那些对我们健康有害的坏习惯，如吸烟和喝酒等。 reflectvi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考基础练习单句语法填空/猜测加黑词的含义Usually a childs behaviour is a reflection(reflect) of his family environment.Reflecting(reflect) on her volunteer experience，Tina felt proud of what she managed to achieve toget
28、her with her local colleagues.(2019全国卷完形)But that changed when a system of hightech mirrors was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below.从反射阳光能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)You should set aside some time to consider your successes and failures.(高级表达)You should set aside some ti
29、me to reflect_on your successes and failures.(1)be reflected in倒映在；反映在(2)reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事(3)reflection n. 反射；映像be lost in reflection 陷入深思中佳句背诵 In class, you will mainly learn Tang Poetry, which reflects traditional Chinese culture.在课堂上，你将主要学习反映中国传统文化的唐诗。(2017全国卷书面表达)联想发散“考虑，思考”一家人：consider；
30、reflect_on;_take_sth.into_account/consideration help (.) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难；协助；使(某人)脱离困境基础练习单句语法填空I have been busy with my study and seldom help my parents with the housework.(2017全国卷)I told the story to the class.As sad as it was, I couldnt help smiling(smile)能力提升一句多译(2018全国卷书面表达)希望这些建议对你有帮助。Hopefull
31、y, these_suggestions_would_help_you_out(help v)Hopefully, these_suggestions_would_be_helpful_for_you(helpful adj.)Hopefully, these_suggestions_would_be_of_help_to_you(help n)(1)help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事(2)cant help (to) do sth. 不能帮着做某事cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事(3)with th
32、e help of 在的帮助下佳句背诵 It was my mother who helped me out of the trouble when I felt really helpless during that period of time.正是我母亲在我感到特别无助的那段时间帮我摆脱了困境。 be/become aware of对知道、明白；意识到基础练习单句语法填空In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.(2019北京卷)Not on
33、ly will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness(aware)能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Through the discussion, we realize the importance of carrying out a low carbon economy in our country.(高级表达)Through the discussion, we are_aware_of the im
34、portance of carrying out a low carbon economy in our country.(1)be aware that.知道；体会到make sb. aware of/that. 使某人注意到(2)raise/arouse ones awareness of 提高的意识佳句背诵 I would like to speak for pandas so that I can learn more about how to protect them and raise peoples awareness of animal protection.我想为大熊猫代言，
35、这样我就能更多地了解如何保护它们，并提高人们对动物保护的意识。where.there be.在地方，有(教材P24)The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。基础练习单句语法填空As the saying goes, where there is a smoke, there is a fire.As far as Im concerned, you are free
36、 to go wherever_ you like.(2019北京卷语法填空)What students do at college seems to matter much more than where they go.能力提升一句多译(2018全国卷书面表达)一个新的体育馆在一年前还是草地的地方拔地而起。A newlybrand stadium has arisen where_there_was_nothing_but_a_grassland_a_year_ago(状语从句)A newlybrand stadium has arisen in_the_place_where_there
37、_was_nothing_but_a_grassland_a_year_ago(定语从句)(1)where可以引导地点状语从句，修饰主句的谓语。(2)where可以引导定语从句，修饰它前面的名词。(3)where可以引导名词性从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。 佳句背诵 We are going to meet at the school gate at 7 am and cycle to the nearby mountain where we can go hiking and enjoy a picnic.我们打算上午七点钟在学校门口集合并骑车到附近的山上远足并进行野餐。 (201
38、7浙江卷6月应用文写作).词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2019江苏卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, reflecting(reflect) mans intelligence and creativity.2He described what he had_witnessed(witness) in China，which aroused much interest among his countrymen.3Only when everyone has the environmental awar
39、eness(aware) can we have cleaner air.4(2017全国卷)However, these plans were_abandoned(abandon) because of financial problems.5He turned around and narrowly(narrow) escaped being hit by a car.6The program will give young athletes the chance to sharpen(sharp) their skills.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
40、)1Opposite to the lecture hall is the art center, where there are many Chinese and foreign famous paintings.2It was once a time when I had no interest in study and wanted to drop out of school.3Abandoned to playing(play) computer games, Wang Ping has fallen behind the other students in his studies.4
41、(全国卷)Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. As he got closer, he found another vehicle upside _down on the road.5The train was held up by the snowstorm, causing the delay.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)1In the exams，beautiful and neatly handwriting is beneficial to us students.neatlyneat2A truck came in
42、 an opposite direction of the car, so the car driver made a sharply turn.sharplysharp3Judging from the furniture in the room，the building has abandoned for a number of years.在has后加been4Knowing that the little girl didnt come to school，I cant help wonder what happened to her.wonderwondering5Though ur
43、ging to go to bed many times, the little boy just turned a deaf ear and fixed his eyes on the cartoons.urgingurged.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)1(天津卷阅读C)The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.adj.明确的；确定的2(2018全国卷阅读C)While the decline over th
44、e past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.adj.(数量的上升或下降)急剧的3Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the gap between them so that they can u
45、nderstand each other better._vt.使变小；使变窄提能一语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)Last week Mrs.Brown as well as her child was driving back home after a 1.tasty(taste) meal in a KFC restaurant when she witnessed a car bumped into hers.That driver obviously got drunk.She and her child were nearly scared 2.to d
46、eath and fortunately they 3.narrowly(narrow) missed being killed in the 4.scary(scare) accident.When recalling this accident, she was in the 5.depth(deep) of fright those days.After days of 6.reflecting(reflect) what had happened, she wrote an article, calling on people to raise the 7.awareness(awar
47、e) of risks when driving or walking on the road.She also gave some suggestions, including not using phones on roads in case something 8.urgent(urge) happened.It is urged that everyone 9.(should)_take(take) responsibility when it comes to building a harmonious society.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)近十年来
48、很多海洋生物灭绝了，这引起全世界的广泛关注。假设你是李华，请在环境保护日写一篇关于保护海洋的英文演讲稿。要点如下：海洋受到污染的现状；保护海洋的重要性。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)众所周知，在海洋深处有各种资源。As we all know, there are varieties of resources at_the_depth_of_the_ocean过去的十年目睹了很多海洋生物灭绝了。The_past_decade_has_witnessed that many marine creatures have died out.海洋污染受到全世界极大的关注。Marine po
49、llution has_been_greatly_concerned by the whole world.我们应该使人们意识到保护海洋的重要性，因为保护海洋就是保护人类。We must make_people_aware_of_the_importance_of_protecting_the_ocean,_because to protect the ocean is to protect human beings.政府应督促立即采取措施保持生态平衡。The government should urge_immediate_measures_be_taken_to_keep_the_bala
50、nce_of_nature无论有多么大的困难，我们绝不放弃保护海洋。No matter how great the difficulty is, we will never abandon_protecting_the_ocean2升级平淡句用倒装句升级句No_matter_how_great_the_difficulty_is,_never_will_we_abandon_protecting_the_ocean.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇however, therefore, on the one hand, on the other hand)_One possible v
51、ersion：As we all know, there are varieties of resources at the depth of the ocean. However, the past decade has witnessed that many marine creatures have died out. Therefore, marine pollution has been greatly concerned by the whole world.On the one hand, we must make people aware of the importance o
52、f protecting the ocean, because to protect the ocean is to protect human beings. On the other hand, the government should urge immediate measures be taken to keep the balance of nature. No matter how great the difficulty is, never will we abandon protecting the ocean. (建议用时：50分钟).阅读理解A(2020昆明高三模拟)Fi
53、nding fish is going to get harder as climate change continues to heat the worlds oceans. A new study finds that warming seas over the past 80 years have reduced the sustainable catch of 124 species of fish and shellfish. A sustainable catch refers to the amount that can be harvested without doing lo
54、ngterm damage to the health of populations of some species.Overfishing has made that decline worse, researchers say. Overfishing refers to catching so many fish that the size of the population falls. In some parts of the world, such as the heavily fished Sea of Japan, the decrease is as high as 35 p
55、ercent. Thats a loss of more than one in every three fish.Researchers examined changes in 235 populations of fish and shellfish between 1930 and 2010. Those fish populations spread far apart across 38 ocean regions. Temperature changes vary from one ocean site to another. But on average over that ti
56、me, Earths seasurface temperatures have risen by about half a degree Celsius.On average, that warming has caused the sustainable catch to drop by 4.1 percent, the study found. About 8 percent of the fish and shellfish populations the team studied saw losses as a result of the ocean warming. However,
57、 about 4 percent of some populations increased. Thats because certain species have thrived in warmer waters. One example is a kind of black sea fish. It lives along the northeastern US. coast. As warming continues, these fish will reproduce faster until they reach their limit.About 3.2 billion peopl
58、e worldwide rely on seafood as a source of food. That means its urgent for commercial fishing fleets and regulators to consider how climate change is affecting the health of all of those fish in the sea.【解题导语】研究发现，随着气候变化导致海洋升温，世界上可持续捕获的鱼类和水生有壳动物在不断减少，这在一定程度上影响了渔业的产量。1What does the new study discover
59、?AOverfishing is to blame for fish health.BWarming seas cause fewer fish and shellfish.CSeafood matters to peoples health worldwide.DThe living regions of fish and shellfish are different.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new study finds that warming seas over the past 80 years have reduced the sustainable catch
60、of 124 species of fish and shellfish.”可知，新的研究发现，海水升温导致鱼类和水生有壳动物减少。故选B。2What does the underlined word “thrived” in paragraph 4 probably mean?ASurvived narrowly.BDisappeared soon.CDecreased sharply.DDeveloped quickly.D解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“One example. As warming continues, these fish will reproduce faster
61、 until they reach their limit.”可知，随着升温继续，这些鱼将快速繁殖直到它们的极限，据此可推知，画线词的含义与“reproduce faster”相近，故选D。3What do we know about species of fish and shellfish?AAbout 8 percent of them suffered from a great loss.BAbout 35 percent of them survived in the Sea of Japan.CAbout 3.2 billion species have been saved up
62、 to now.DAbout 80 species have died out because of warming seas.A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“About 8 percent of the fish and shellfish populations the team studied saw losses as a result of the ocean warming.”可知，大约8%的鱼类和水生有壳动物数量上遭受了重大损失。故选A。根据第二段中的“In some parts.the decrease is as high as 35 percent.”可知，B项表述错误
63、；根据第五段中的“About 3.2 billion people worldwide rely on seafood as a source of food.”可知，C项表述错误；文章没有提到D项所表述的内容。4From which is the text probably taken?AA cooking guide.BA science magazine.CA news review.DA health brochure.B解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，一项最新研究显示，随着海洋变暖，鱼类和水生有壳动物的数量正在减少。这在一定程度上影响了渔业的产量和这些生物的健康。由此可知，本文属于科
64、学类文章。故选B。【难句分析】That means its urgent for commercial fishing fleets and regulators to consider how climate change is affecting the health of all of those fish in the sea.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中“its urgent for commercial fishing fleets and regulators to consider how climate change is affecting the health of
65、all of those fish in the sea”为省略了that的宾语从句，作动词means的宾语；其中“how climate change is affecting the health of all of those fish in the sea”为how引导的宾语从句，作consider的宾语。译文：这意味着，商业捕鱼船队和监管机构迫切需要考虑气候变化如何影响海洋中所有鱼类的健康。B(2020河北六校联考)As far back as the age of dinosaurs millions of years ago, turtles(海龟) wandered aroun
66、d the Earth. Even nowadays it is generally assumed that turtles are the worlds steadiest creature.However, a new research shows 61 percent of the 356 species of turtles are already threatened or no longer exist. The destruction of their homes, disease, climate change and other reasons have caused th
67、eir population to drop sharply. In a new study published in the journal BioScience, a team of scientists from various institutions claims that turtles are one of the most threatened among the major vertebrate(脊椎动物) groups.“This could，” the authors say, “have serious consequences for the ecology.” Tu
68、rtles contribute to the health of many environments, including desert, wetland, freshwater and marine ecosystems, and the decline may lead to bad effects on other species, including humans, they explain. Whit Gibbons, senior author and professor at the University of Georgias Savannah River Ecology L
69、aboratory, says in a statement that the intention of the study is to inform people about the vital ecological roles of turtles.One of the important qualities of turtles is how diverse they are when it comes to food. This allows them to have a major impact on food webs of their homes all over the wor
70、ld. In some areas, the density(密度) of the turtle population makes them an important part of the ecosystem. With their gathering, other species that feed on them and their eggs are sure to have a large pool of food.For plants, turtles are also extremely important as they distribute the seeds of many
71、plant species. When they eat, some seeds are not destroyed by the digestive process and instead make their way out of the animals body. Some turtles are the main dispersal(传播) agents of certain plants and their seeds.These are only a few yet very vital roles that turtles play in the ecological lands
72、cape. Unfortunately, many species are in serious decline and in danger of disappearing completely.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海龟的数量急剧下降对生态系统有负面影响。5What does the new study aim to do?ATo save the grand vertebrate groups on earth.BTo warn people of turtles terrible situation.CTo make the importance of turtles
73、roles known.DTo claim turtles may be related to dinosaurs.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“the intention of the study is to inform people about the vital ecological roles of turtles”可知，这个研究的目的是让人们了解海龟对生态的重要作用。故选C。6How might the disappearance of turtles influence certain plants?ASpeed up these plants disappearing.BP
74、ut an end to these plants seed spreading.CAllow more seeds to grow into plants.DGive these plants no chance of survival.A解析：推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，海龟通过吃下植物的种子然后将其排出体外来进行植物种子的传播，一些海龟是某些植物及其种子的主要传播媒介。由此可知，海龟的消失也可能加速这些植物的灭绝。故选A。7Which of the following shows the structure of the text?I：IntroductionP：PointSp：Su
75、bpoint(次要点)C：ConclusionB解析：文章结构题。第一段是全文的引言(Introduction)，引入海龟这一话题；第二段是要点一(Point 1)，介绍了海龟数量骤减的情况；第三段是要点二(Point 2)，总述海龟对生态系统的作用；第四、五段都是要点二的次要点(Sp1和Sp2)，分别介绍了海龟在生态系统中起的两个作用；最后一段对全文进行总结(Conclusion)。故选B。8What can be a suitable title for the text?ATurtles Are Sure to Stop ExistingBThe Ecology Will Change
76、with TurtlesCDecline of Turtles Threatens the WorldDTurtles Dying Out Worldwide Matters a LotD解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了目前海龟数量大范围减少的状况以及海龟的存在对生态系统的重要作用，因此D项“世界范围内海龟的消失影响重大”最能概括本文大意。故选D。【难句分析】In a new study published in the journal BioScience, a team of scientists from various institutions claims that tur
77、tles are one of the most threatened among the major vertebrate(脊椎动物) groups.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中的that引导宾语从句，作claims的宾语；过去分词短语published in the journal BioScience作后置定语修饰a new study。译文：在发表于生物科学杂志上的一项新研究中，来自不同机构的科学家组成的小组揭示了在主要的脊椎动物群体中，海龟是受威胁最严重的群体之一。.完形填空(2020新疆维吾尔自治区适应性测试)It was a cold, rainy day. And I ha
78、d no _1_ to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyns house. But she had insisted that I should come to see something at the_2_ of the mountain.So here I was, _3_ making the twohour journey through fog that hung like veils(面纱). By the time I saw how _4_ it was near the summit, Id go
79、ne too far to turn back. _5_ could be worth this, I thought as I _6_ along the very dangerous highway.Turning down a narrow track, we _7_ the car and got out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge blackgreen evergreens towered over us. Gradually, the peace and silence of
80、the place _8_ to fill my mind.Then we turned a corner and stopped and I took a deep breath in _9_. From the top of the mountain, for several acres across folds and valleys, rivers of daffodils(水仙花) were in brilliant bloom. It looked _10_ the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside
81、. _11_ filled my mind. Who created such beauty? How? When?As we _12_ the house that stood in the center of the property, we saw a sign that _13_：“Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.” The first answer was：“One WomanTwo Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was：“One at a Time
82、.” The third：“_14_ in 1978.”As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen, I could _15_ speak. “She _16_ the world，” I finally said, “one at a time. She started almost 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of a(n) _17_， but she kept at it.”The wonder of it would not let me _18_. “Imagine，
83、” I said, “if Id had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have _19_？” Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. “Start tomorrow，” she said. “_20_ yet, start today.”【解题导语】本文主要讲述的是作者在女儿的执意要求下和女儿一起开车去山顶欣赏美景的故事。1A.strengthBbeliefCdesireDsuggestionC解析：根据上文“It was a cold, rai
84、ny day.”可知，作者不想开车沿着蜿蜒的山路去女儿家。have no desire to do sth.意为“不想做某事”。故选C。2A.topBbackCbottomDendA解析：根据下文中的“From the top of the mountain”可知，作者和女儿是去山顶。故选A。3A.unwillinglyBhelplesslyChopefullyDeagerlyA解析：根据上文中的“But she had insisted that I should come to see something”可知，作者在女儿的执意要求下不情愿地去了女儿的家。故选A。4A.thinBthick
85、ChugeDdeepB解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，离山顶越近，雾越浓。故选B。5A.AnythingBSomethingCNothingDEverythingC解析：根据语境可知，作者认为在这种大雾情况下没有什么是值得看的。故选C。6A.ranBinchedCwanderedDjumpedB解析：根据语境可知，作者一边沿着危险的通道缓慢行驶一边想。B项意为“缓慢移动”。故选B。7A.parkedBdroveCrepairedDleftA解析：根据该句中的“and got out”可知，他们把车停在那儿。故选A。8A.happenedBfailedCstoppedDbeganD解析：根据本句中
86、的“to fill my mind”并结合语境可知，此处表示渐渐地，这里的寂静开始填满作者的内心。故选D。9A.shockBdoubtCreliefDamazementD解析：结合下文可知，此处指作者看到那么美的景色很吃惊。故选D。10A.as thoughBeven thoughCin caseDnow thatA解析：根据语境可知，这些水仙花构成的景象看起来就好像是太阳已经倾覆，把金子洒在了山坡上。A项意为“好像”。B项意为“即使”；C项意为“以防，万一”；D项意为“既然”。故选A。11A.ArgumentsBQuestionsCRequirementsDProblemsB解析：根据下文“
87、Who created such beauty? How? When？”可知，此处指作者的脑海里充满了疑问。A项意为“争论”；B项意为“问题，疑问”；C项意为“要求”；D项意为“难题，困难”。故选B。12A.departedBreturnedCapproachedDsearchedC解析：根据本句中的“we saw a sign”可知，作者和女儿走近房子时看到一个标牌。故选C。13A.spokeBstuckCwroteDreadD解析：根据本句中的“Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.”可知，标牌上写着一些东西。D项意为“写着”。故选D
88、。14A.DesertedBFinishedCStartedDOperatedC解析：根据语境并结合上文可知，此处指上文第三个问题“When？”即何时开始创建的这种美的答案。故选C。15A.nearlyBscarcelyCmostlyDonlyB解析：根据本句中的“I was so moved”和下一句中的“I finally said”可知，这里指作者被深深感动，几乎说不出话来。B项意为“几乎不”。故选B。16A.changedBdiscoveredCdestroyedDwonA解析：根据语境可知，此处指美景的创造者一次做一点事情，几乎40年前就开始了这样的创造，她改变了这里的世界。故选A。
89、17A.experienceBideaCstoryDpromiseB解析：根据本句中的“but she kept at it”可知，此处指可能始于一种想法。故选B。18A.comeBoutCgoDdownC解析：根据语境可知，这里太美了，作者不想离开。故选C。19A.lostBaccomplishedCforgottenDbeatenB解析：根据本句中的“if Id had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day”可知，作者在想如果自己有一个想法，并且致力于此，每天做一点，自己能取得什么(成就)。B项意为“完成，实现”。故选
90、B。20A.MoreBWorseCSoonerDBetterD解析：根据语境可知，作者的女儿说从今天开始更好。故选D。.书面表达(2020广东高三六校联考)假定你是李华，你所在班级的交换生Peter正在进行一项关于垃圾分类的研究。他给你来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况，请给Peter回一封邮件，告诉他相关信息，邮件内容包括：1写邮件的目的；2垃圾分类的实施情况；3你对垃圾分类的看法。注意：1.词数100左右；2开头和结尾已为你写好，不记入总词数。参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage classificationDear Peter，_Best wishes!Yours，Li HuaOne pos
91、sible version：Dear_Peter，How is everything going? In your last letter, you asked me about garbage classification in my community, so Im writing to tell you some details about it.The garbage classification activity was launched in our community last month. People are required to sort household garbag
92、e into four categories, each of which is supposed to be thrown into certain bins at certain times. Individuals who fail to do so will be fined. Although people were confused with the demanding garbage classification at the beginning, they are much better at sorting garbage now with the help of a spe
93、cial app.Personally, Im in full support of garbage classification because it contributes to arousing peoples awareness of protecting the environment. Hopefully my information is of help to you.Best_wishes!Yours，Li_Hua【亮点词句】亮点词汇：launch, sort sth. into sth., be supposed to do sth., personally, in full
94、 support of, be of help to sb.亮点句式：定语从句(each of which is supposed to be thrown into certain bins at certain times)【一句多译】表达方式一：Last month, our community started a garbage sorting campaign.表达方式二：The garbage classification activity took place in our community last month.表达方式三：Last month our community witnessed a garbage classification activity.
