1、核心素养测评二十 Unit 1Living with technology(限时35分钟). 阅读理解AIf you live in Washington D. C. or Redwood, Calif. , you may have glimpsed a small, boxy robot rolling along a local sidewalk, minding its own business, but attracting the attention of many a curious onlooker. The robots, which look like electric r
2、ice cookers with wheels, were part of a pilot program last year by Starship Technologies focused on delivering meals from local restaurants in dozens of cities around the world. This week, the company revealed plans to broaden its delivery service beyond food to include packages, a move that made it
3、 “the worlds first robot package delivery service”. The package delivery service is only available in some cities in the US. The wheeled robots have a top speed of 4 mph and can detect barriers from as far as 30 feet away. “The robot can operate through just about anything, ” says Nick Handrick, hea
4、d of operations for Starships D. C. office, “If you have something in the way, its able to climb it. ” By giving customers control of when deliveries occur, Starship Technologies is promoting its service as a way to combat package theft. To sign up for the service, which costs a little more than $10
5、 per month, customers need to download the companys app. Customers then create a “Starship Delivery Address”, a unique address inside a Starship facility, instead of a home address, where they can have packages sent from places such as Amazon. com. Once a package is delivered to the Starship address
6、, customers receive a text notice that allows them to schedule a home delivery via robots. The robots are opened by customers with a mobile phone code (代码). 【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章主要讲了在美国的一些城市, 包裹可以由机器人运送了。1. What do we know about Starship Technologies company? A. Packages are delivered by its robots all ro
7、und America. B. Its robots have taken on package delivery for a long time. C. It is the first to provide robot package delivery service. D. Its delivery service is the best of all in the world. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段This week, the company revealed plans to broaden its delivery service beyond food to inc
8、lude packages, a move that made it “the worlds first robot package delivery service”. (本周, 该公司公布了将送货服务从食品扩展到包裹的计划, 此举使其成为“世界上第一家送货机器人”。)由此可知星际飞船技术公司是第一家提供机器人包裹递送服务的公司, 故选C。2. What does the underlined word “combat” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Delay. B. Prevent. C. Report. D. Discover. 【解析】选B。词义猜
9、测题。由第四段By giving customers control of when deliveries occur(通过让客户控制何时发货), 可以推断出下文Starship Technologies is promoting its service as a way to combat package theft. 的意思是星际飞船技术公司正在提升其服务, 作为一种打击包裹盗窃的方式。combat意思是“防止”。故选B。3. What can we learn about robot package delivery service? A. Customers cant open the
10、 robots without a mobile phone code. B. Starship Delivery Address is the customers home address. C. Customers have to pay a little more than $10 each time. D. Robots themselves have control over when to deliver packages. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段The robots are opened by customers with a mobile phone code
11、(这些机器人由顾客用手机代码打开), 可知没有手机代码, 顾客无法打开机器人, 故选A。4. What may be the best title for the passage? A. Robot Delivery Service Is Taking OffB. Humans Are Being Replaced by RobotsC. Everything Can Be Done by RobotsD. Packages Can Be Delivered by Robots【解析】选D。主旨大意题。第三段This week, the company revealed plans to br
12、oaden its delivery service beyond food to include packages, a move that made it “the worlds first robot package delivery service”. 是全文的主题句, 结合全文内容, 可知这篇文章主要讲了在美国的一些城市, 包裹可以由机器人运送了。故选D。【知识拓展】长难句分析By giving customers control of when deliveries occur, Starship Technologies is promoting its service as a
13、 way to combat package theft. 分析: 本句为简单句, By giving customers control of when deliveries occur, 是介词短语作状语, 其中when引导的句子作介词of的宾语从句; to combat package theft作a way的定语。翻译: 通过让顾客控制什么时候投送快递, 星际飞船技术公司正在提升其服务, 作为一种打击包裹盗窃的方式。B世纪金榜导学号An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford have found
14、that the way people use the Internet is closely tied to the seasonal movements in the natural world. Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations (迁徙). Migratory birds (候鸟) flood back to where they reproduce every spring. That migratory behavior is accompanied by s
15、ome human behavior. “In English-language Wikipedia (维基百科), the online searches for migratory species tend to increase in spring when those birds arrive in the United States, ”said the lead author John Mittermeier. And not just birds. Mittermeier and his team surveyed nearly 2. 5 billion Wikipedia se
16、arch records, for 32, 000 species, across 245 languages. They also saw variable search rates for insects, horsetails and flowering plants. Seasonal trends seemed to be widespread in Wikipedia behavior for many species of plants and animals. This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the wo
17、rlds biological diversity. It also shows new ways to see how much people care about nature, and which species and areas might be the most effective targets for conservation. Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results. He commented, “I think theres a concern among conservationists (生态环境保护者) that
18、 people are losing touch with the natural world and that theyre not interacting with native species anymore. And so in that sense, it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see peoples Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature. ”Richard Grenyer, Associate Professor from the
19、 University of Oxford, says search data is useful to conservation biologists, “By using these big data approaches, we can direct our attention towards the difficult questions in modern conservation: which species and areas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most
20、to help. ”【文章大意】本文为说明文。牛津大学的一个国际研究小组发现, 人们使用互联网的方式与自然界的季节性运动密切相关。他们的在线物种搜索遵循季节性动物迁徙的模式。这一发现提出了监测世界生物多样性变化的新方法。它还展示了一种新的方式来了解人们有多关心自然, 以及哪些物种和地区可能是最有效的保护目标。5. What have researchers found about species searches? A. They strengthen ties among people. B. They affect the animal movements. C. They differ
21、in language backgrounds. D. They reflect animal migration seasons. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations . 研究人员发现了他们的在线物种搜索遵循季节性动物迁徙的模式。故选D。6. What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 3? A. To summarize the research process. B. To furth
22、er support the research findings. C. To show the variety of species searches. D. To present researchers heavy work load. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Seasonal trends seemed to be widespread in Wikipedia behavior for many species of plants and animals. 可知在维基百科上, 许多动植物的行为似乎都有季节性趋势。即第三段的写作目的是进一步支持研究结果。故选B。7.
23、How does Mittermeier feel about the search results? A. Satisfied with Wikipedias service. B. Worried about Wikipedia behavior. C. Amazed at peoples care about nature. D. Sad about peoples not getting close to nature. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see p
24、eoples Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature可知Mittermeier看到人们对维基百科的兴趣是与大自然的变化密切相关的, 感到非常兴奋和意外。故选C。8. Why does Richard think such search data is useful? A. It helps to aim at conservation targets. B. It increases interest in big data approaches. C. It keeps track of trends in biolog
25、ists work. D. It pushes people to solve difficult problems. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段By using these big data approaches, we can direct our attention towards the difficult questions in modern conservation: which species and areas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most
26、to help. 可知Richard认为通过使用这些大数据方法, 我们可以将我们的注意力转向现代保护中的难题: 哪些物种和地区正在发生变化, 哪些人最关心这些问题, 哪些人能够提供最多的帮助。即他认为这些搜索数据可以有助于设定保护目标。故选A。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. international adj. 国际的; 国际上的2. seasonaladj. 季节的3. migratory adj. 迁徙的; 流浪的4. variable adj. 易变的; 多变的5. biological adj. 生物学的; 生物体的. 完形填空On Dec. 6th, Kelsey Zwick boarde
27、d Flight 588 from Orlando to Philly with Lucy, one of her 11-month-old twin daughters. Lucy was born 11 weeks prematurely (早产)and 1 from severe lung disease as a result of a complication (并发症) of that. The brave baby girl was on oxygen 2 until recently. Today, Lucy needs oxygen at night and while fl
28、ying one small good deed reminded Zwick how “3” she and her husband, Yuri, truly are. “To the man in 2D. I dont know you, but I imagine you saw us 4. I was pushing a stroller (婴儿车), had a diaper (尿布) bag on my arm and also 5 an oxygen machine for my daughter, ” Zwick wrote on her Facebook post. “We
29、6 the plane, sat down in our window seat and made jokes to those around us about having to sit by my yelling-but-happy baby. The flight attendant came over and told me a gentleman was waiting to 7 seats, ” she wrote. “You were giving up your comfortable, first-class seat to us. Not able to 8 tears,
30、I cried my way up the passage while my daughter Lucy 9! She felt it in her bones too real, pure, goodness. I smiled and thanked you as we switched but didnt get to 10 you properly, ” the mom continued. “So thank you. Not just for the seat itself but for 11. For seeing us and realizing that maybe thi
31、ngs are not 12 easy. For deciding you wanted to show a random act of 13 to us. I cant wait to tell Lucy someday. In the meantime we will pay it forward. ”Zwicks story touched the hearts of many, giving rise to 14 comments on the post that has since been 15 over 164, 000 times. 【文章大意】本文为记叙文。Zwick讲述了自
32、己在坐飞机的途中受到陌生人帮助的故事, 她的故事打动了许多人的心, 得到了很多人的点赞和转发。1. A. recoveredB. sufferedC. resultedD. benefited【解析】选B。recover康复; suffer患; result(随)产生; benefit使受益。suffer from disease“患病”。故选B。2. A. testB. healthC. survivalD. support【解析】选D。test检测; health健康; survival幸存; support支持。句意: 这个勇敢的女婴一直靠氧气的支撑维持着生命。故选D。3. A. ast
33、onishedB. amusedC. blessedD. anxious【解析】选C。astonished震惊的; amused愉悦的; blessed受保佑的; anxious担忧的。根据下文可知, 夫妇受到了好心人的帮助, 因此他们感觉自己是受到了保佑。故选C。4. A. somewhereB. anywhere C. nowhereD. everywhere【解析】选A。somewhere在某处; anywhere任何地方; nowhere任何地方都不; everywhere处处。他们并不认识, 但Zwick感觉他们在某个地方见过面。故选A。5. A. fillingB. pumping
34、C. followingD. dragging【解析】选D。fill装满; pump打气; follow跟随; drag拖拽。根据文意可知, Zwick推着婴儿车, 胳膊上挎着尿布袋, 还为女儿拖着氧气机。故选D。6. A. bookedB. reservedC. pre-boardedD. quit【解析】选C。book预订; reserve预订; pre-board提前登机; quit放弃。根据上下文可知, 他们提前登机。故选C。7. A. chooseB. switchC. acceptD. occupy【解析】选B。choose选择; switch交换; accept接受; occup
35、y占据。根据上下文可知, 乘务员走过来告诉她一位绅士等着跟她交换座位。故选B。8. A. burst intoB. give backC. hold backD. break into【解析】选C。burst into突然(大哭/大笑等); give back归还; hold back抑制, 阻止; break into闯入。那位绅士把舒适的头等座位让给了作者一家, 作者十分感激, 没有抑制住泪水。故选C。9. A. shoutedB. crawledC. talkedD. laughed【解析】选D。shout叫喊; crawl爬行; talk谈话; laugh笑。从下文She felt i
36、t in her bones too real, pure, goodness. 可知, 女儿露西在笑。故选D。10. A. meetB. thankC. recognizeD. accept【解析】选B。meet遇见; thank感谢; recognize认出; accept接受。这里指作者没有好好感谢好心人的善举。故选B。11. A. noticingB. donatingC. remindingD. forgiving【解析】选A。notice关注, 注意; donate捐赠; remind提醒; forgive原谅。作者感谢那位绅士, 不但为了那个座位, 而且也为了那份关注。故选A。1
37、2. A. justB. rightC. alwaysD. ever【解析】选C。just仅仅; right恰好; always总是, 一直; ever曾经。根据上下文可知, 绅士看到了他们并意识到也许他们的生活并不总是容易的。故选C。13. A. forgivenessB. advantageC. kindnessD. donation【解析】选C。forgiveness原谅; advantage优势; kindness善意; donation捐赠。作者感激那位绅士对他们所做的善意之举。故选C。14. A. passiveB. supportiveC. possibleD. negative
38、【解析】选B。passive被动的; supportive支持的; possible可能的; negative否定的。Zwick的故事触动了许多人的心, 这篇帖子得到了很多人的支持, 目前已经被分享转发超过16. 4万次。故选B。15. A. madeB. chosenC. researchedD. shared【解析】选D。make做; choose选择; research研究; share分享。故选D。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. as a result of由于2. give up 放弃3. in the meantime 同时4. act of kindness 善举. 语法填空阅读下面短
39、文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese high-speed railways are a very 1. _ (comfort) way to travel. They are clean, quiet and efficient. China has led other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first high-speed train 2. _ (come) into use in 2008. The stations are 3.
40、 _ (main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened 4. _ (connect) the high-speed network. The facilities on the train are new and the staff are well trained. Even the second class 5. _ (chair) provide plenty of space. The passages are so wide 6. _ you can move without d
41、isturbing anyone. You can use your mobile phone, access 7. _ Internet or work on your laptop. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food 8. _(be) limited. The toilets are large, clean and user-friendly too. The train almost doesnt rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel i
42、t shake. Whats more, with a faster check-in, the high-speed trains are also 9. _(little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are 10. _ delayed or canceled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers. 【文章大意】本文属于说明文, 介绍了中国高铁在世界上处于领先地位, 同时也介绍了其优势之处。1. 【解析
43、】comfortable。考查形容词。修饰名词way用形容词, 故填comfortable。2. 【解析】came。考查动词时态和语态。本句陈述过去的事情, 故用一般过去时, 故填came。3. 【解析】mainly。考查副词。修饰动词built用副词, 故填mainly。4. 【解析】to connect。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知, 此处需用动词不定式作目的状语, 故填to connect。5. 【解析】chairs。 考查名词复数。分析句子可知, 本句缺乏主语, chair为可数名词, 故用其复数形式chairs。6. 【解析】that。考查状语从句。本句为固定结构so. . . that, 意为: 如此以至于, 故填that。7. 【解析】 to。考查固定短语介词。本句为短语access to sth. 意为得以使用某物, 故填to。8. 【解析】are。考查主谓一致。分析句子可知, 本文陈述一般事实, 需用一般现在时, 本句主语为kinds, 谓语动词需用复数形式, 故填are。9. 【解析】less。考查比较级。根据后面的than可知, 本句为比较级结构, 需用比较级形式, 故填less。10. 【解析】they。考查代词。分析句子可知, 本句缺乏主语。根据前文可知, 本段描述高铁的优势之处, 故用they。
