1、专题二十 文化教育型阅读理解专题导读真题典例新题预测返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解文化教育类文章属高考常选材料之一。这类文章常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、各国学校教育、家庭教育等等。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题和事实细节题上。在做这类阅读理解题时，应注意以下几个方面：(1)先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓住细节。(2)先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意
2、题。(3)重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是main idea型；一类是topic或title型。专题导读返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例2013广东卷 While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class,a monitor(监控器)a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in Jennifers Los Angeles apartment,t
3、he monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room.Her Internet access was lockedremotelyto prevent Internet searches,and her typing style was analysed to make sure she was who she said she was:Did
4、she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past?Or was she slowing down?返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例In the battle against cheating,this is the cutting_edgeand a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education.The technology gives trust to the entire system,to the ins
5、titution and to online education in general.Only with solid measures against cheating,experts say,can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are validthat students havent just searched the Internet to get the right answers.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例Although online classes have existed f
6、or more than a decade，the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of“open online courses”.Private colleges，public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field,spending millions of dollars to attract potential students，while also taking s
7、teps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras,a number of other hightech methods are becoming increasingly popular.Among them are programmes that check students identities using personal information，such as the telephone numbers they once used.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例Other pro
8、grammes can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analysing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones.As in many university classes，term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for chea
9、ting.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例1Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?ATo correct her typing mistakes.BTo find her secrets in the room.CTo prevent her from slowing down.DTo keep her from dishonest behaviours.2The underlined expression“cutting edge”in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to“_”Aadvanced
10、technique Bsharpening tool Ceffective rule Ddividing line 返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例3For Internet universities,exams and diplomas will be valid if _Athey can attract potential studentsBthey can defeat academic cheatingCthey offer students online helpDthey offer many online courses4Some programmes can fin
11、d out possible cheaters by _Achecking the question answering speed Bproducing a large number of questions Cscanning the Internet test questions Dgiving difficult test questions返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例5Which of the following is the best title of this passage?AThe advantages of online examsBThe hightech
12、methods in online coursesCThe fight against cheating in online educationDThe war against the booming of online education返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例要点综述 开放网络教学为人们的知识升级打开了便捷之门，在如何保证其教育和学习的质量、防止考试时作弊方面，现在的科技手段在发挥着重要的作用1D推理判断题。第二段告诉我们监控的目的：“Her Internet access was lockedremotelyto prevent Internet searches,an
13、d her typing style was analysed to make sure she was who she said she was:Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past？”这些措施都是为了确保其考试中不发生不诚实的行为。该题也可结合常识确定答案。返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例2A 词义猜测题。从上文的描述及下文的“a key”“The technology”可以看出，这是一项先进的技术，是确保网络考试真实性的关键。3B 细节理解题。关键信息：valid。由第
14、三段的“Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are validthat students havent just searched the Internet to get the right answers.”可知答案。破折号后的内容指的就是选项中所说的：defeat academic cheating。返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解真题典例4A 细节理解题。由最后一段的“by analysingwhether difficult test questions are answered at the same s
15、peed as easy ones.”可以看出一些软件是通过设置一部分难题，并且通过对答题速度的检测来判断考试者是否在作弊。5C主旨大意题。文章论述的是为了提高开放网络教学的可信度所使用的高科技监考手段，由此可知C项最能概括全文。返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测A fellow speaker from California named Geri flew to Japan,in her favourite jeans and a casual jacket,to give her first speech.Fourteen hours later,four perfectly dr
16、essed Japanese gentlemen greeted her at Narita Airport.Smiling and bowing low,they handed her their business cards.With her bag in one hand,Geri took their cards with the other.She thanked them,glanced briefly at the cards,and put them into her jeans pocket quickly.When the five of them arrived at t
17、he hotel,they invited Geri to tea in the lobby(大厅).While sipping tea,the gentlemen presented her with a small gift which she eagerly(一)返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测opened.She was thrilled with the gift and shouted excitedly,“Oh,its beautiful！”At this point,the four Japanese gentlemen stood up and,bowing onl
18、y very slightly,said“Sayonara.”and left immediately.Poor Geri was left astonished.What did she do wrong?Everything!Her jeans were the first gaffe.Even if youre coming off a bicycle in Japan,you do not meet clients(客人)casually dressed.The second mistake was Geris handling of their business cards rude
19、ly.In Japan,the business card is one of the most important communicative tools.It is always返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测presented and accepted respectfully with both hands.However,Geri put their cards away much too quickly.In Japan,people use business cards as a conversation starter.You chat about each othe
20、rs cards and work and do not put theirs away until they gently and respectfully place yours in the safe keeping.Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was the ultimate disrespect.Then,Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients.In a land where saving face is critical,it would b
21、e embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received.What is worse,Geri hadnt even given them a gift!返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测1.In the four Japanese gentlemens eyes,Geri took their cards _A.excitedly Bembarrassingly Cpolitely DDisrespectfully2.Why did the four Japanese
22、gentlemen leave Geri suddenly?A.Because they couldnt bear Geris behaviour any longer.BBecause they had finished the task.CBecause Geri had something more important to do.DBecause Geri felt embarrassed.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测3.What does the underlined word“gaffe”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Ignorance
23、.BSadness.CMistake.DCarelessness.4.The second mistake Geri made was that she _A.used her own card as a conversation starter Btook her clients cards with one hand Ckept her clients cards in a wrong place Dmet her clients in a wrong place 返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测5.What lesson can we draw from this story?
24、A.Honesty is the best policy.BThink twice before you take any action.CWhen in Rome,do as the Romans do.DDont claim to know what you dont know.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测要点综述本文介绍了Geri在与日本人交往过程中所犯的几个礼仪上的错误。1 D细 节 理 解 题。由 文 章 第 一 段“glanced briefly at the cards,and put them into her jeans pocket quickly.”和第四段
25、的“The second mistake was Geris handling of their business cards rudely.”可知答案。2A推理判断题。从第五段“Then,Geri should not have opened the gift in front of her clients.In a land where saving face is critical,it would be embarrassing to discover the gift they gave was not as nice as the one they received.”可推知答案。
26、返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测3C词义猜测题。从第三段中“What did she do wrong？”和第四段的“The second mistake was Geris handling of their business cards rudely.”可推知答案。4C细节理解题。从第四段“The second mistake was Geris handling of their business cards rudely.”和“Putting it carelessly into her jeans pocket was the ultimate disrespect.”可推
27、知答案。5C 推理判断题。纵观全文可得出答案。返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测Some American parents might think their children need better education to compete with China and other countries.But how much do the parents themselves need to change?A new book called Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother by Amy Chua has caused a debate about c
28、ultural differences in parenting.Ms Chua is a professor at the Yale Law School in New Haven,Connecticut,and the mother of two daughters.She was raised in the American Midwest by immigrant Chinese parents.(二)返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测In the Chinese culture,the tiger represents strength and power.In her bo
29、ok,Ms Chua writes about how she demanded excellence from her daughters.For example,she threatened to burn her daughters stuffed animals unless she played a piece of music perfectly.She would insult her daughters if they failed to meet her expectations.Ms Chua told NBC television that she had a clear
30、 list of what her daughters,Sophia and Louisa,were not permitted to do.“Attend a sleepover,have a playdate,watch TV or play computer games,be in a school play,get any grade less than an A”返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测Many people have criticized Amy Chua.Some say her parenting methods were abusive.She even a
31、dmits that her husband,who is not Chinese,sometimes objected to her parenting style.But she says that was the way her parents raised her and her three sisters.Ms Chua makes fun of her own extreme style of parenting.She says she eased some of the pressure after her younger daughter rebelled and shout
32、ed,“I hate my life!I hate you！”Ms Chua says she decided to retreat when it seemed like there was a risk that she might lose her daughter.But she also says American parents often have low expectations of their childrens abilities.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测“One of the biggest differences I see between West
33、ern and Chinese parenting is that Chinese parents assume strength rather than fragility.”Stacey DeBroff has written four books on parenting.“I think that the stirring of intense debate has to do with what it means to be a successful parent and what it means to be a successful child.”Ms DeBroff says
34、Amy Chuas parenting style is not limited to Chinese families.She says it represents a traditional way of parenting among immigrants seeking a better future for their children.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测But she also sees a risk.When children have no time to be social or to follow their own interests,they m
35、ight not develop other skills that they need to succeed in life.Stacey DeBroff advises parents to develop their own style of parenting and not just repeat the way they were raised.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测1.According to the passage,which of the following is TRUE about American parents?ASome of them expe
36、ct their children to be competitive.BSome of them need to educate themselves better.CThey should learn from Chinese parents.DThey care their kids grades.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测2.What can we learn about Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother?AIt is a list of things for children to do.BIt is a book about cultu
37、ral differences.CIt is a heated debate about parenting.DIt is a book about how to raise children.3.Based on the passage,Ms Chuas parenting is exposed to the following EXCEPT_Apressure Bmanagement Crecreation Dcompromise返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测4.Which of the following agrees with Ms DeBroff?ADifferent c
38、ultures have different concepts of values.BChuas parenting is followed by many American families.CImmigrants are always bitterly struggling abroad.DParents had better raise their children in person.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测5.Whats the authors attitude towards Ms Chuas parenting?APositive.BInactive.CInde
39、finite.DNegative.返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测要点综述本文是关于虎妈教育子女的讨论，说明了东西方在教育方面存在巨大的差异。1 A推 理 判 断 题。根 据 文 章 第 一 句“Some American parents might think their children need better education to compete with China and other countries.”可知，很多美国父母希望自己的孩子有竞争力。故A正确。2D推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“A new book called Battle Hymn of the Tig
40、er Mother by Amy Chua has caused a debate about cultural differences in parenting.”可知，这本书是关于如何教育子女的。故D正确。返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测3C推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Attend a sleepover,have a playdate,watch TV or play computer games,be in a school play,get any grade less than an A”和第七段中“She says she eased some of the press
41、ure after her younger daughter rebelled and shouted,I hate my life!I hate you！”可知，在这种教育里有压力、管理和妥协，但是唯独没有娱乐，她对孩子的要求很严格。故C正确。返回目录专题二十文化教育型阅读理解新题预测4 A推 理 判 断 题。根 据 文 章 倒 数 第 二 段“Ms DeBroff says Amy Chuas parenting style is not limited to Chinese families.She says it represents a traditional way of pare
42、nting among immigrants seeking a better future for their children.”可知，不同的文化有不同的教育方式和价值观念。故A正确。5C推理判断题。在本文中作者既提及了这种教育方式的好处也提及了其坏处，所以作者的观点并不确定。故C正确。返回目录备用习题Boys schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art,dance and music.“Far fr
43、om the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity(男子气概),the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to(符合，顺应)a stereotype(老套)，”a US study says.Boys at singlesex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities
44、 that helped develop their emotional expressiveness,rather than feeling they had to conform to the“boy code”of hiding their emotions to be a“real man”.返回目录备用习题The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.Tony Little,headmaster of Eton,warned th
45、at boys were being faded by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls.He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when
46、 their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.“But in singlesex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys learning style,letting them move around the classroom返回目录备用习题and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom，”wrote the studys author,Abigail James,of the Univer
47、sity of Virginia.Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with“boyfocused”approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them.Because boys generally have more acute vision learned best through touch,and are physically more active,they need to be given“handson”lessons where
48、 they are allowed to walk around.“Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine(女性的)and prefer the modern genre(类型)in which violence and sexism are major themes，”James wrote.返回目录备用习题Singlesex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that me
49、n should be“masterful and in charge”in relationships.“In mixed schools boys feel forced to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means，”the study reported.返回目录备用习题1The author believes that a singlesex school would _.Aforce boys to hide their emotions to be“real
50、 men”Bhelp to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys Cnaturally strengthen the traditional image of a man in boys Dencourage boys to express their emotions more freely返回目录备用习题2It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _.Abehave more responsibly Bgrow up more healthily Cperform relative
51、ly better Dreceive better education3What does Tony Little say about the British education system?AIt fails more boys than girls academically.BIt focuses more on mixed school education.CIt places more pressure on boys than on girls.DIt fails to give boys the attention they need.返回目录备用习题4According to
52、Abigail James,one of the advantages of singlesex schools is _.Aboys can focus on their lessons without being disturbedBteaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys Cboys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in Dteaching can be designed to promote boys team spirit返回目录备用习题5
53、According to Abigail James report,it can be inferred that boys tend to _.Ahave sharper vision Bconform to stereotypes Cenjoy being in charge Dbe violent and sexist返回目录备用习题要点综述本文主要讲述了专为男孩子所开设的学校有助于让男孩子们更好地来表达他们的情感，更能鼓励他们参加课外的活动。1D细节理解题。从第一段“Boys schools are the perfect place to teach young men to exp
54、ress their emotions and involve them in activities such as art,dance and music.”可知，作者相信专为男孩子所开设的学校有助于让男孩子们更好地来表达他们的情感，更能鼓励他们参加课外的活动。故选D项。返回目录备用习题2C细节理解题。从文章第四段“The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.”可知，人们普遍认为在男女都有的学校，男生会表现得更好一些。故选C项。3D细节
55、理解题。从第五段可知，英国的教育系统没有给男孩子足够的重视，只关注女生，没有意识到男孩子比女孩子更加感情用事。故选D项。返回目录备用习题4 B细 节 理 解 题。从 第 七 段“But in singlesexschools teachers can tailor lessons to boys learning style,letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom”可知，专为男生所开设的学校，老师会因材施教，更好地与学生的个性结合起来。故选B项。5A推理判断题。从倒数第二段“Because boys generally have more acute vision learned best through touch,and are physically more active,they need to be given handson lessons where they are allowed to walk around.”可知，Abigail James 认为男孩子更具有敏锐的洞察力。故选A项。返回目录
