1、阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Rivers may be a significant source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (一氧化二氮), scientists now find. Their calculation suggests that across the globe the waterways contribute three times the amount of nitrous oxide to the atmosphere as had been estimated by the I
2、nternational Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the United Nations scientific body charged with reviewing climate change research. They found that the amount of nitrous oxide produced in streams is related to human activities that release nitrogen (氮) into the environment, such as fertilizer use and se
3、wage discharges. “Human activities, including fossil fuel combustion and intensive agriculture, have increased the availability of nitrogen in the environment,” said Jake Beaulieu of the University of Notre Dame and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in Cincinnati, Ohio, and lead author of the
4、 paper published this week in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. “Much of this nitrogen is transported into river and stream networks,” Beaulieu said. There, microbes (微生物) convert the nitrogen into nitrous oxide (also called laughing gas) and an inert gas called dinitrogen
5、 (二氮). The finding is important, the researchers say, because nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and destruction of the stratospheres ozone layer, which protects us from the suns harmful ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation. Compared with carbon dioxide, nitrous oxi
6、de is 300-fold more powerful in terms of its warming potential, though carbon dioxide is a far more common greenhouse gas. Scientists estimate nitrous oxide accounts for about 6 percent of human-induced climate change. Beaulieu and colleagues measured nitrous oxide production rates in 72 streams. Wh
7、en summed across the globe, the results showed rivers and streams are the source of at least 10 percent of human-caused nitrous oxide emissions to the atmosphere. “Changes in agricultural and land-use practices that result in less nitrogen being delivered to streams would reduce nitrous oxide emissi
8、ons from river networks,” Beaulieu said.1. From the second paragraph we can learn. A. actually rivers give off much more nitrous oxide than expectedB. scientists calculation is totally wrongC. human activities release nitrous oxide in to the riversD. there is no nitrogen in fertilizer2. Which of the
9、 following is NOT the source of nitrogen? A. Fertilizer use. B. Sewage discharges. C. Fossil fuel combustion. D. Climate change. 3. Nitrous oxide is a powerful greenhouse gas because. A. it can protect us from the suns harmful ultraviolet radiationB. it is to blame for most of human-induced climate
10、changeC. it is a far more common greenhouse gasD. it has much more warming potential than carbon dioxide4. What does the passage mainly tells us? A. Rivers may be a source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. B. Its human activities that release nitrogen into the environment. C. How to reduce nitrou
11、s oxide emissions from river networksD What to do with the climate change caused by nitrous oxide. 【参考答案】14、ADDA 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The Hearst CastleHearst Castle is a palatial park on the central California coast and a National Historic LandmarkIt was designed by architect Julia Mor
12、gan for William Randolph Hearst from 1919 until 1947In 1957 , the Hearst Corporation donated the fortune to the state of CaliforniaSince that time it has been maintained as a state historic park where the estate and its considerable collection of art and antiques are open for public toursDespite its
13、 location far from any urban center, the site attracts roughly one million visitors per yearGuided ToursThere are several tours which highlight various parts of the castle and gardensTour One is recommended for first time visitorIt now includes the movie, Hearst Castle Building the DreamTour Two giv
14、es visitors a closer look at the main houses upper floors, MrHearsts private suite, the libraries, and the kitchenTour Three looks at the Castles North Wing, guest rooms and guest house Casa Del MonteTour Four features the impressive gardens and grounds, the largest guesthouse, the wine basement, an
15、d the Hidden TerraceThe evening tour is a special tour that allows visitors to experience the Castle at night as one of the Hearsts own visitors might haveTicket PricesHearst Castle accepts VISA, MasterCard, American Express and DiscoverFree day use parking is available for automobiles, motorcycles,
16、 tour buses and recreational vehiclesTOURSADULTAges 6 17Experience Tour$24$12Tours 2, 3 or 4$ 24$ 12Evening tour$30$15* Children under 6 are free when accompanied by a paying adultReservation InformationWhile tickets may be purchased at the Visitor Center upon arrival, tour reservations are strongly
17、 recommended and may be reserved online now or by calling 1 - 800 - 444 - 4445, see below for timesReservation Call Center HoursDatesMonday-FridaySaturday-SundayMarch-September8AM to 6PM8AM to 6PMOctober-February9AM to 5PM9AM to 3PMVisit wwwhearstcastleorg for more information51If you are quite inte
18、rested in wine, which tour will you choose?ATour One BTour Two CTour Three DTour Four52If a young couple take Tour One with their 5-year-old son, how much will they pay for the tickets?A36B60 C48 D7553Which of the following is the available (有效的，可获得的)time to book tickets by phone?AAt 8 AM on Monday
19、in FebruaryBAt 9 AM on Sunday in MarchCAt 7 PM on Friday in SeptemberDAt 6 PM on Saturday in October阅读理解。Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.R
20、ecently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated（展示）a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. H
21、e could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“our brain has billions of nerve ceils. These send signals through the spinal cord （脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals fro
22、m reaching the muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets
23、 the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain. Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and tu
24、rns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove th
25、at this is a technology they can benefit front. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.1.BCI is a technology that can A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computersC. help the disabled to recover D. control a persons though
26、ts2. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?A. By controlling his muscles. B. By talking to the machine.C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.3. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?A. scalp computer cap wheelchairB. computer cap scalp
27、 wheelchairC. scalp cap computer wheelchairD. cap compute scalp wheelchair4. The team will test with real patients to A. make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to themC. make them live longer D. learn about their physical condition5. Which of the following would be the best title for
28、the text?A. Switzerland, the BCI Research CenterB. New Findings About How the Human Brain WorksC. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the DisabledD. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries【文章大意】科普说明文。本文介绍了BCI脑机接口技术，它是帮助残疾人向机器输送指令。【参考方案】1-5、BDCBC键词应该出现在标题中，选B。【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（7）】完形填空。阅读下面短文
29、，掌握其大意，然后从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Emergencies dont happen very often. But when they do, you may want to get help fast. No one wants to spend time _1_ the phone number. Thats why 911 was created - to make it _2_. In the United States and Canada, dialing 911 on your phone is the fastest way you can
30、get help for yourself or for someone else. The best way to handle a(n) _3_ is to be prepared before one happens. In the United States and Canada, the operator will know where you are calling from because of a system called “E 911 which means your address is known to the operator _4_, just by dialing
31、 911. Its still a good idea to know the _5_ and the phone number you are calling from m case the call is being made from a place outside of the US or Canada, or in case you are calling from a cell phone. The 911 _ 6_ must know exactly where you are and how to reach you. The police, firefighters, or
32、ambulance crew need to know where you are to provide _7_ for the emergency. Its important to make sure you are _8_ before you dial 911. If your home is on fire, for instance, _9_the house before dialing 911. You can always call from someone elses house or from a cell phone. You may feel scared or _1
33、0_ when you have to dial 911. Thats OK. The emergency operators who answer the phone _11_ to a lot of people, including adults, who are nervous or _12_when they call. Just stay as calm as you can. If you talk too _13_, the operator may have trouble understanding whats wrong and what kind of help you
34、 need. Speak _14_ and clearly when you explain whats happening. The 911 emergency operator may ask you _15_ like what, where, and who.1. A. dialingB. calling C. repeatingD. consulting2. A. difficult B. hard C. easy D. nice3. A. telephone B. emergency C. fire D. operation4. A. immediately B. suddenly
35、 C. finallyD. impossibly5. A. house B. address C. policeD. place6. A. adult B. firefighter C. operator D. manager7. A. food B. help C. money D. support8. A. dangerous B. hungry C. happy D. safe9. A. leaveB. enter C. watchD. protect10. A. surprised B. excited C. nervousD. angry11. A. referB. cry C. c
36、hatD. talk12. A. delighted B. puzzled C. worriedD. disappointed13. A. fastB. loudly C. clearly D. freely14. A. slowly B. similarly C. nervously D. silently15. A, questions B. ideas C. numbers D. suggestions【参考答案】1-5 DCBAB 6-10 CBDAC 11-15 DCAAA完形填空紧急情况不常发生。一旦发生，人们肯定想快速得到帮助。因此，美国的911紧急呼叫系统应运而生。本文介绍了紧
37、急情况下拨打911应注意的细节问题。1. D。根据常识，遇到紧急情况时无人愿意花时间查询(consult)电话号码。2. C。根据文章意思及常识，电话号码911即简单又容易(easy)，因此应选C。3. B。同词复现。本文主要谈论的就是怎样处理emergencies，并多次出现此词，因此应选B。4. A。根据句意，“E911”提供呼叫者的位置以便及时救援。因此只要呼叫者一打电话，话务员立刻知道呼叫者的位置。5. B。同词复现。从上句和解析4可得知答案应为B。6. C。同词复现。从上文可知，话务员(operator)必须知道你的位置和怎样联系你。7. B。根据The police, firefi
38、ghters, or ambulance crew.可知他们为紧急情况提供帮助(help)。8. D。根据其后一句If your home is on fire. the house before dialing 911.和常识可知，在拨打电话前要确保自身的安全。9. A。根据前一句Its important to make sure you are.和常识可知，打电话前要离开(leave)有危险的房子。10. C。近义词同现。or连接近义词，从scared(惊慌的)可知此处应为nervous(紧张不安的)。11. D。根据常识可知，话务员接电话应该是talk to a lot of people，其余选项均不合句意。12. C。近义词同现。or连接近义词，从nervous可知应为worried，呼叫者在打电话时是紧张而又担忧的。13. A。从后文.have trouble understanding.可知，求救者说话不能太快 (fast)。14. A。由.and clearly when you explain.可知，说话要清楚一点慢一点(slowly)，而且从13空可知这里是填fast的反义词。15. A。用what, where和who开头的都是问题(question)。
