1、十 必修第二册 Unit 4History and Traditions(限时35分钟).阅读理解A(2021泰安模拟)In the land of the Sagas,it isnt Christmas if there isnt a flood of books under the treeliterally.The Jolabokaflod,or Christmas Book Flood,is a much-loved tradition that has been celebrated in Iceland since 1945.Its a bit like Britains Supe
2、r Thursday,when hundreds of hardbacks hit the shelves on the first Thursday of October,but much bigger:Two-thirds of books in Iceland are published in November and December.Hundreds of new titles go on sale in bookshops and supermarkets at reduced prices,a Yuletide(圣诞季)custom that has also become vi
3、tal for the publishing industrys survival.On Christmas Eve,Icelanders traditionally exchange books and spend the evening reading booksperhaps curling up by the fireside with the latest crime novel by Arnaldur Indridason.Almost seven out of ten Icelanders buy at least one book as a Christmas gift,acc
4、ording to the Icelandic Publishers Association.“Literature is very important in Iceland and it is,I guess,the art form that is something the whole public can relate to,”said Sigrun Hrolfsdottir,an artist and mother of two children.Her daughter and son have already picked the books they want out of t
5、he Bokatidindi,an 80-page catalog of novels,poetry and childrens books distributed free to all households.Icelands literary tradition was born about 900 years ago with the Icelandic Sagas,widely seen as a gem in world literature and still studied in school by Icelandic children today.The Jolabokaflo
6、d started during World War I,when paper was one of the few things not rationed in Iceland.Because of this,Icelanders gave books as gifts while other commodities were in short supply,turning them into a country of bookaholics to this day,according to jolabokaflod.org.In fact,a 2013 study conducted at
7、 Bifrst University found that 50 percent of Icelanders read more than eight books a year and 93 percent read at least one.【文章大意】文章主要介绍了冰岛人钟爱的一项传统“圣诞书潮(Jolabokaflod)”。它起源于1945年,全国2/3的图书都集中在十一月和十二月发售。各地书店里、超市中,数百种新书全都折价促销。冰岛人习惯在圣诞节前夕互赠图书作为礼物并一起在阅读中度过美好的圣诞节时光。这一圣诞节传统如今还关系到出版业的生死存亡。1.How do Icelandic pe
8、ople celebrate Christmas each year?A.Giving books as gifts and reading.B.Purchasing smaller gifts for children.C.Holding large family parties on Christmas Eve.D.Composing stories for family members.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的On Christmas Eve,Icelanders traditionally exchange books and spend the evening rea
9、ding books.Almost seven out of ten Icelanders buy at least one book as a Christmas gift.可知,冰岛人通过赠送书籍作为礼物和读书来庆祝每年的圣诞节。故选A。2.Why does the author give the example of Sigrun Hrolfsdottir?A.To advertise Christmas Book Flood.B.To tell us how clever her two children are.C.To publicize the grand Christmas o
10、ccasion in Iceland.D.To show the importance of reading in Icelandic culture.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Literature is very important in Iceland and it is,I guess,the art form that is something the whole public can relate to,”said Sigrun Hrolfsdottir,an artist and mother of two children.Her daughter and son
11、 have already picked the books.”可知,作者给出Sigrun Hrolfsdottir的例子是为了表明阅读在冰岛文化中的重要性。故选D。3.What does the underlined word“gem”in the last paragraph most probably mean?A.A fine tradition.B.The best work.C.A great event.D.An important subject.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子Icelands literary tradition was born about 9
12、00 years ago with the Icelandic Sagas,widely seen as a gem in world literature and still studied in school by Icelandic children today.可知,冰岛的文学传统被广泛视为世界文学的珍宝,至今仍被冰岛儿童在学校里学习。故选B。4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A.The history of Iceland.B.The origin of the Jolabokaflod.C.The activities
13、 on Christmas Eve.D.The impact of the Jolabokaflod.【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据最后一段中的The Jolabokaflod started during World War I,when paper was one of the few things not rationed in Iceland.Because of this,Icelanders gave books as gifts while other commodities were in short supply,turning them into a country of
14、bookaholics to this day,according to jolabokaflod.org.”可知“圣诞书潮”开始于第一次世界大战期间,当时纸张是冰岛少数不限量供应的东西之一,所以冰岛人在其他商品供应不足的时候把书作为礼物送给别人。由此可知,最后一段主要讲述的是“圣诞书潮”的起源。故选B。B(2021海口模拟)Portugals most beautiful seaside destinationsThe long coastline of Portugal is extraordinarily diverse.Wind your way along it and you wi
15、ll find true Portugal,its history,its heart and its soul.CascaisOriginally,a little whitewashed fishing village,Cascais became a summer residence for wealthy noblemen in the late 19th century.It is now a busy,modern town,but along its shoreline it still has palatial villas(富丽堂皇的别墅),many of which hav
16、e been turned into hotels,and its petty town square and old streets have kept their character.ComportaThis little village has,until recently,been a secret of the experts.With hotels now starting to open,the locals make the most of it before the crowds come.Blue waters wash such picture-perfect white
17、 sands that its hard to believe youre in Europe:walk the beach at sunset,or weave your way on horseback through the green rice fields before a meal of the freshest of fish on the seashore.Zambujeira do MarStanding between the fierce Atlantic and the plains of the Alentejo,the little fishing village
18、of Zambujeira do Mar has one of the regions most beautiful beaches,backed by high rock cliffs.For five days in August,one of Portugals biggest youth music festivals,MEO Sudoeste,is held here.Dates for 2020 are August 48.LagosWhite-washed Lagos manages to maintain its character and charm while offeri
19、ng a lively nightlife for locals and tourists.An important naval centre in the 15th century,Lagos was also the capital of the Algarve from 15761756.Extensively damaged in the 1755 earthquake,the town now consists of mostly 18th and 19th century buildings.Visit Santo Antonio Church for its blue and w
20、hite tiles and gilded(镀金的)woodwork.【文章大意】本文介绍了葡萄牙最美的四个海滨胜地。5.Which place is still a destination full of mysteries?A.Lagos.B.Comporta.C.Cascais.D.Zambujeira do Mar.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Comporta部分中的“This little village has,until recently,been a secret of the experts.”可知,Comporta仍然是一个充满神秘感的目的地。故选B。6.What is
21、special about Zambujeira do Mar?A.It is a remote village.B.It faces the Pacific Ocean.C.It hosts a music festival.D.It lies on high rockcliff.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据Zambujeira do Mar部分中的“For five days in August,one of Portugals biggest youth music festivals,MEO Sudoeste,is held here.”可知,8月份,Zambujeira do Ma
22、r会举办音乐节。故选C。7.When were most of the constructions in Lagos built?A.1415th centuries.B.1516th centuries.C.1617th centuries.D.1819th centuries.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Lagos部分中的“.the town now consists of mostly 18th and 19th century buildings.”可知,Lagos现在的大部分建筑物是于18至19世纪建造的。故选D。【知识拓展】长难句分析It is now a busy,modern
23、 town,but along its shoreline it still has palatial villas,many of which have been turned into hotels,and its pretty town square and old streets have kept their character.分析:本句是一个主从复合句。but 连接两个并列分句;many of which引导非限制性定语从句。翻译:它现在是一个繁忙的现代化城镇,但是沿着它的海岸线,仍然坐落着富丽堂皇的别墅,其中许多别墅已经变成旅馆,并且这里漂亮的城镇广场和古老的街道保留了它们的特
24、色。.阅读填句Though China has increasingly adopted Western influences,the traditional family structure is still highly valued and holds a vital position in Chinese culture.1These have been a part of daily life for many centuries.2He is responsible for maintaining,providing for and protecting his family.At
25、 the same time,he is given all the decision-making power when it comes to his wife family and other family members.He is also responsible for taking care of and paying for the children.In modern families,the family members consult elders about important decisions,but the father no longer has the fin
26、al say in regards to his adult childrens lives.Traditional Chinese mothers usually stay at home to take care of the home,the children,and the rest of the family.3However,they still rely on their husbands or fathers for financial support at some point in their lives.As in many Asian cultures,the elde
27、rs of the family are respected for their wisdom.In both traditional and modern families,elders are taken care of and looked up to by the rest of the family.In traditional families,including those living in a rural environment,many households include five generations living together.4The Chinese cult
28、ure has undergone many dramatic changes in recent years.5Families are still cherished,honored and respected,whether you live in the traditional,rural environment,or the modern,urban city.A.Many modern Chinese women have careers.B.In the traditional Chinese family,the man is very important.C.Women in
29、 modern times are actually completely independent.D.However,the family structure and the importance of family values remain a focus.E.Even in modern households,many grandparents live with their children and their kids.F.Therefore,the family structure has also changed greatly,influencing many modern
30、families.G.Both traditional and modern Chinese families have similar values and morals to one another.【文章大意】中国家庭结构已经发生了巨大的变化,但是某些传统的价值观还是被保留了下来。1.【解析】选G。根据空前“Though China has increasingly adopted Western influences,the traditional family structure is still highly valued and holds a vital position in
31、 Chinese culture.”可知,设空处应该是对比传统家庭和现代家庭的相同,故G符合题意。2.【解析】选B。根据空后“He is responsible for maintaining,providing for and protecting his family.”可知,空白处应该是说明男性在家庭中所扮演的角色,故B符合该处语境。He指代the man。3.【解析】选A。根据空前“Traditional Chinese mothers usually stay at home to take care of the home,the children,and the rest of
32、the family.”可知,空白处是说明现代女性在家庭中所扮演的角色,故A符合题意。4.【解析】选E。根据空前“In traditional families,including those living in a rural environment,many households include five generations living together,”可知,空白处是说老人和后辈住在一起的情况,故E符合该处语境。5.【解析】选D。根据空前“The Chinese culture has undergone many dramatic changes in recent years
33、.”可知,空白处应该是表转折,故D符合该处语境。【知识拓展】长难句分析Families are still cherished,honored and respected,whether you live in the traditional,rural environment,or the modern,urban city.分析:本句是主从复合句,whether.引导让步状语从句。翻译:无论你生活在传统的农村环境中,还是在现代的城市中,家庭仍然受到珍视和尊重。.语法填空(2021郑州模拟)Why does autumn have two names?According to Merriam
34、-Webster,“autumn”appeared first in English in the 1300s,coming from the Latin word“autumnus”.“Autumn”caught on quickly,likely because it replaced the 1._(origin)name“harvest”.As you might imagine,when crops were collected from the fields,calling the season“harvest”might make people 2._(confuse)becau
35、se“harvest”is also the name for the act 3._(it).So“autumn”appeared instead of“harvest”.Then the term“autumn”,4._was referred to the season between summer and winter,lasted for a couple of 5._(century).“Fall”as a name for the season came about sometime in the 1500s,a shortened version of the very poe
36、tic phrase for“the fall of leaves”.The English phrase had true meaning of the season without leading 6._any confusion.Not even a century later,the phrase became a simple word:fall.Around this same time,the English language was traveling across the globe as Britain expanded,and it was 7._(go)through
37、some changes,as many languages did.This was 8._(particular)true in the American colonies(殖民地).Some English words changed in the US,whether in terms of spelling 9._in terms of general usage.In the mid-1800s,British and American English speakers further developed in different ways and“fall”was the com
38、mon word for“autumn”in the US,while autumn 10._(regard)as the word for fall in England.【文章大意】“秋天”这个单词有两种说法:autumn和fall。本文介绍了它们的具体由来。1.【解析】original。考查词性转换。根据空后的名词name可知,此处应填形容词original,original作定语修饰name。2.【解析】confused。考查词性转换。此处是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,表示的是“让人们感到困惑”,所以应用-ed形式的形容词。故填confused。3.【解析】itself。考查反
39、身代词。反身代词itself 在此处作the act的同位语。4.【解析】which。考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,空处指代上文的autumn,且在从句中作主语。故用which引导该定语从句。5.【解析】centuries。考查名词的数。根据空前的a couple of可知,此处应填centuries。6.【解析】to。考查介词。lead to是固定短语,意为“导致”。7.【解析】going。考查时态。根据语境可知,此句应用过去进行时,故填going。8.【解析】particularly。考查词性转换。修饰形容词true,应用副词particularly。9.【
40、解析】or。考查连词。whether.or.为固定搭配,意为“或者或者。10.【解析】was regarded。考查时态和语态。根据上文的时态可知,此处也应用一般过去时,且autumn和regard是动宾关系。故此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态。.应用文写作假定你是李华,你的新西兰朋友Noah在给你的邮件中说他对中国古代建筑很感兴趣,并打算利用暑假参观一下。请你给他回封邮件,内容包括:1.推荐要参观的建筑;2.约定参观的时间:3.提出其他建议。注意:1.词数80个左右:2.可以造当增加细节,以使行文连贯。_【参考范文】Dear Noah,Im really glad that you take
41、great interest in ancient Chinese architectures.Millions of ancient architectures have survived in Chinas history.However,there is no better place to visit than the Forbidden City in Beijing.It served as a royal palace for centuries.Summer is a good time for traveling,so shall we go there on August
42、1?I believe youll have a better experience if you know its history.Youd better do some research online.Please let me know if you need further information.Yours,Li Hua亮点点评:本文要点齐全,语言流畅,层次清楚。文章首段表达喜悦之情;第二段推荐要参观的建筑、约定参观时间和其他建议;第三段表达作者愿意提供更多信息。长短句穿插使用,错落有致,使用了that 引导的名词性从句(Im really glad that.);if引导条件状语从句(I believe youll have a better experience if you know its history.)等较复杂的句式;此外,还使用了take great interest in;millions of;survive;serve as;do some research等高级词汇,这些都彰显了作者较强的语言驾驭能力,也提升了文章的档次。
