1、1Section Discovering Useful Structures动词-ing形式(2)2一、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间是主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。它主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。合作探究1When we returned，we found a stranger standing in front of the house.我们回来的时候，发现一个陌生人站在房子前。Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window.忽然我们听见有人在轻轻地敲窗户。3自主发现1表示_的
2、动词(词组)，如see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，listen to，look at，notice，observe等。名师提醒在see，hear，feel，watch 等感官动词后，既可用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，也可用省略to 的不定式作宾语补足语。用动词-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用省略to 的不定式时，表示动作经过从开始到结束的全过程。I saw a boy getting on the bus.(表示动作正在进行)我看见一个男孩在上公共汽车。I saw a boy get on the bus.(表示动作完成了)我看见一个男孩上了公共汽车。感觉和心
3、理状态4合作探究2We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。自主发现2表示_的使役动词，常见的有：have，let，keep，get，leave 等。指使意义5合作探究3I couldnt do my homework with the noise going on.由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。With so many people looking at her，she felt nervous.这么多人看着她，她感到很紧
4、张。自主发现3用于_复合结构中。with6二、动词-ing形式作状语合作探究Hearing the news，he couldnt help laughing.When he heard the news，he couldnt help laughing.一听到那个消息，他禁不住大笑起来。Not knowing her address，I had better telephone her to come over.As I dont know her address，I had better telephone her to come over.由于不知道她的地址，我还是打电话让她过来为好。7
5、Working hard，youll surely succeed.If you work hard，youll surely succeed.如果努力工作，你就一定会成功。The child slipped and fell，hitting his head against the door.The child slipped and fell，and hit his head against the door.那个男孩滑了一跤，摔倒了，头撞到了门上。Having been told many times，he still didnt learn these rules by heart.A
6、lthough he had been told many times，he still didnt learn these rules by heart.尽管被告知了很多次，他还是没把这些规定记住。8Morris lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time.Morris lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.莫里斯躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。He came running back to tell me the news.他跑回来告诉我这个消息。9自主发现作_
7、状语；作_状语；作_状语；作_状 语；作 _状 语；作 _状 语；作_状语。时间原因条件结果让步伴随方式10名师提醒(1)动词-ing形式作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。(2)动词-ing形式作状语时，相当于与之对应的状语从句，但是当作伴随状语及结果状语时，可转化为并列谓语。11三、动词-ing形式作状语注意事项1.动词-ing形式的时态动词-ing形式作状语时，要注意其时间性，是用一
8、般式(doing)，还是用完成式(having done)。12合作探究1Walking in the street，I met an old friend of mine.我正在大街上行走时，遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)Having finished the letter，he went to post it.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的)自主发现1(1)当动词-ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用_式。(2)当动词-ing形式的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用_式。一般完成132.
9、动词-ing形式的语态合作探究2Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.(现在分词的被动式)被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。Having finished his homework，he went to bed.(现在分词的主动式)完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。自主发现2使用动词-ing形式的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于动词-ing形式和句子_之间的关系。句子的主语就是动词-ing形式的逻辑主语。主语143.动词-ing形式的否定式合作探究3Not knowing this，he didnt come.他不知道这件事，所
10、以没来。Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。自主发现3动词-ing形式的否定式为_v.-ing；_having v.-ednotnot154.动词-ing形式作评注性状语合作探究4Judging from his behaviour，he must be mad.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。自主发现4有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的_等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”，
11、judging by/from.“从判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。态度、观点165.独立主格合作探究5The rain having stopped，we went on marching.雨过之后，我们继续前进。自主发现5动词-ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的_，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。主语17巩固内化1 同义句转换As time passes by，we will have a better and better life.With _，we will h
12、ave a better and better life.I saw that they were coming across the street.I saw _ the street.time passing bythem coming across18I stood on the bridge and watched boats were passing by.I stood on the bridge and watched _.I felt that someone was patting me on the shoulder.I felt _me on the shoulder.I
13、 heard that Mary sang a song in the next room last night.I heard _ in the next room last night.boats passing bysomeone pattingMary sing a song19巩固内化2 同义句转换It rained heavily and it caused great damage.It rained heavily，_.After he had eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out._，the boy rushed out.The boy sa
14、t in front of the farm house，and cut the branches.The boy sat in front of the farm house，_.As I did not know how to get there，I had to ask the way._，I had to ask the way.causing great damageHaving eaten his dinnercutting the branchesNot knowing how to get there20巩固内化3 单句语法填空_(work)for three hours，he
15、 took a rest.Tom came _(dash)into the room with some film tickets in his hand._(spend)all his money，the boy had to give his mother a call._(see)nobody at home，he decided to leave them a note.Having workeddashingHaving spentSeeing21巩固内化4 单句语法填空_(judge)from his accent，he must be from the south._(tell)many times，he still couldnt understand it.The lecture _(give)，a lively question-and-answer session followed._(take)everything into consideration，the result is better than expected.The weather _(be)hot，we had to stay at home.JudgingHaving been toldhaving been givenTakingbeing
