1、阅读理解题型分类练(三)推理判断题隐含意义类A2022苏锡常镇四市高三调研(一)Architecture is amazing. It has changed the way I look at and interact with the world and my environment. It has trained me to be hypersensitive (非常敏感的) to the built environment, to recognize problems and find solutions that untrained eyes would never notice.A
2、s much as I love this profession, it is very easy to get lost in architecture. I get so focused that I have forgotten about everything else. Luckily my passion for cycling kept me sane (清醒的) while I was becoming an architect. I faced a lot of obstacles and challenges when taking a bicycle ride acros
3、s the United States. Looking back, cycling across the America was actually one of the smartest things I ever did.I have actually bicycled across the continental USA twice from east to west and from Atlantic Ocean to Pacific Ocean, both times. Bicycling across America isnt as hard as you think.I rode
4、 alone on my first trip in 2005 from Virginia Beach to the coast of Florence, Oregon. In the end it was 4，547 miles over the course of 77 days.I left for the second trip in 2007 with my two best friends from Bar Harbor, Maine to Portland, Oregon, which was a 4，886mile ride over 90 days. At that time
5、, I fell in love with the idea of leaving the east coast behind, starting a whole new life and career in a new city. I ended up in Portland. After arriving in town on a bike, I eventually found a job, a place to live and an amazing dog.I share all this not to convince anyone to go biking across Amer
6、ica, but only to share how doing this has changed my life. Architecture has given me a wonderful life and career but it isnt everything. Thankfully I have also been very passionate about：my friends, traveling, bicycles, punk rock, technology, the Internet, my dog, and even yoga. My architecture back
7、ground has definitely sweetened my relationship with all those things.Becoming an architect is noble pursuit, but you should keep pursuing everything else that you are passionate about. It will enhance your architecture career and ultimately make you a more interesting person, which in my opinion is
8、 really more important than being another silly architect.1Whats the advantage of cycling according to the author?AChanging his negative attitude to architecture.B.Keeping himself focused on his career all the time.CEnabling him to find solutions without training.DMaking him a much better architect
9、and person.2What does the author think of his two crosscountry bike trips?AThey are harder than what he expected before.BThey show the benefits of riding with friends.C.They give him some extraordinary experiences.DThey guarantee him a new life and career in Portland.3What can be inferred from Parag
10、raph 6?ADont get completely lost in your hobbies.BDont abandon hobbies for your profession.CDont feel ashamed of stopping your hobbies.DDont weigh your family against your profession.4In the last paragraph, the author reminds us to _Atake up the pursuit of becoming an architectBfind what we are real
11、ly passionate aboutCappreciate other peoples good intentionsDavoid our career taking over other pursuitsB2022绵阳市高中第二次诊断性考试Only 366 North Atlantic right whales are left, representing a shocking 8% decline in a single year and the lowest number in about 20 years for this famous species. Human impactss
12、pecifically fishing nets and ship strikesremain the biggest threats to the survival of this species in eastern Canada and the United States.North Atlantic right whales have been in decline since 2011 when the species was at an estimated 481 whales. In the past decade, the species has decreased by 30
13、%. Recent research shows these threats are affecting their overall health with less energy to devote toward growth and reproduction (繁殖), and body lengths reducing over the past four decades. Researchers estimate there are fewer than 100 breeding (繁育的) females alive and more than 86% of identified w
14、hales had been entangled (被网困住) at least once in their lifetime.There is still hope：in 2021, scientists tracked 18 motherkid pairs, a number that is cause for optimismthough still well below the annual average of 23 pairs from the previous decade.Industry representatives, government agencies, and or
15、ganizations, including WWF, gathered in October 2011 at the annual North Atlantic Right Whale Consortium meeting to discuss and arrange right whale conservation efforts in the US and Canada.“Its going to be challenging, but everyone involved in right whale conservation believes we can create an envi
16、ronment where right whales can bounce back，” said Chris Johnson. the global leader for WWFs Protecting Whales and Dolphins initiative. “However, its going to take significant investment and the greatest urgency and commitment to create conditions where we prevent entanglements and collisions with sh
17、ips in the whales critical habitats.”5Which of the following best describes the right whale population?AWell conserved.BSlowly decreasing.CRapidly growing.DCritically endangered.6What does Chris Johnson say about the right whale conservation?AIt needs the government to ban fishing in certain areas.B
18、It will not work without funds from the government.CIt can help increase the number of right whales.DIt is not practical and will fail eventually.7What can we learn about female right whales?AMost of them have never been entangled.BMother right whales may have slightly decreased.CThere are more fema
19、le right whales than male right whales.DTheir population has decreased by 30% in the past decade.8What can be inferred about the right whale species?ATheir size has been decreasing due to climate changes.BThey may have found home in other parts of the ocean.CThey were hunted by people for their meat
20、 in the past.DThey are well on the way to dying out if not well protected.C2022南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试For generations, depression has been seen as an illness, disorder or even weakness. Such an idea makes sense because depression causes suffering and even death. But what if weve got it all wrong?The common
21、 wisdom is that depression starts in the mind with abnormal thinking. That leads to symptoms like headaches, stomachaches or tiredness. Now, models like the Polyvagal Theory suggest that weve got it backward. Its the body that detects danger and initiates a defense strategy meant to help us survive.
22、 That biological strategy is called immobilization, and it is demonstrated in the mind and the body with a set of symptoms we call depression.When we think of depression as unnecessary suffering, we are telling people with depression that they are not part of the group, they are not right and they d
23、ont belong. That robs them of hope. But when we begin to understand that depression, at least initially, happens for a good reason we lift the shame. Instead, people with depression are courageous survivors, not damaged sick people.The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is constantly scanning our intern
24、al and external environment for signs of danger. If our ANS detects a threat or even a simple lack of safety, its next strategy is the fightorflight response, which we often feel as anxiety. Sometimes the threat is so bad or goes on for so long that the nervous system decides there is no way to figh
25、t or to flee. At that point, there is only one option left：immobilization.The immobilization response is the original biological defense in higher animals. It dulls pain and makes us feel disconnected. Think of some reptiles (爬行动物), which shut down their bodies to avoid cold temperatures and the lac
26、k of food and water. In humans, people often describe feeling “out of their bodies” during extremely unpleasant events, which has a defensive effect of reducing the emotional shock. This is important because some things are so terrible, and we dont want people to be fully present when they happen. W
27、hat incredible capacity of our biology to find a way in hard times!9Why does the author mention the Polyvagal Theory?ATo offer a standard for identifying depression.BTo raise peoples awareness of mental problems.CTo make sense of how depression affects people.DTo correct a commonly held idea about d
28、epression.10What can we infer from Paragraph 3?ADepression can bring people in crisis hope.B.People may feel it wrong to have depression.C.Depression is an unnecessary human emotion.D.People often feel proud of fighting depression.11What is “immobilization” in the text?ABuilding up anxiety.BRising t
29、o the challenge.CShutting down action.DPulling through a crisis.12In which order does our body react to an extremely unpleasant situation?seek to work out solutionsbecome aware of a threatexperience emotional shockstart defensive avoidanceA BC D阅读理解题型分类练(三)A语篇类型：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与自我生活与学习骑自行车穿行美国的建筑师【语篇解读】
30、身为建筑师的作者专注于工作，以至于忘记了一切。幸运的是，骑行让作者在工作的同时保持清醒。作者两次骑自行车穿越美国，并找到了一份工作。工作是崇高的追求，但也要一直追求自己所热爱的其他一切。1答案与解析：D推断。根据最后一段中的“It will enhance. another silly architect”可知，作者认为，骑行使自己成为更好的建筑师，最终使自己成为更有趣的人。2答案与解析：C推断。根据第二段中的“I faced a lot of. I ever did”可知，作者在骑自行车穿越美国时遇到了很多障碍和挑战，但回头看这实际是自己做过的最聪明的事情之一；再结合第五段尾句可知，作者在波
31、特兰找到了一份工作、一个住的地方并养了一条狗。据此可推知，作者认为两次骑自行车穿越美国是非同寻常的经历。3答案与解析：B推断。通读第六段可知，该段首句“I share all. has changed my life”为全段的主旨句，又结合下文内容可知，该段主要说明骑行改变了作者的生活，建筑给了作者很好的生活和职业但它不是一切。据此可以推知，不要因为职业而放弃爱好。4答案与解析：D推断。根据最后一段中的“but you should keep. passionate about”可知，作者主张继续追求自己所热爱的其他一切。据此可以推知，作者提醒我们不要让自己的职业取代自己对其他事物的追求，故选
32、D。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然人与动物北大西洋露脊鲸濒危【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了北大西洋露脊鲸令人担忧的濒危现状以及人类为保护它们所做出的努力。5答案与解析：D推断。由第一段中的“Only 366 North. this famous species”和第二段中的“In the past decade, the species has decreased by 30%”我们不难得知，北大西洋露脊鲸的现状不容乐观，它们处于濒危的边缘，故本题选D项。6答案与解析：C理解具体信息。由最后一段中的“Its going to. can bounce back”可知，本题应该选C项，C项中的i
33、ncrease the number与关键信息中的bounce back相吻合。7答案与解析：B理解具体信息。由第三段中的“in 2021, scientists. the previous decade”我们不难得知，本题应选B项，B项中的may have slightly decreased与关键信息中的well below the annual average of 23 pairs from the previous decade相吻合。8答案与解析：D推断。由第一段第一句给出的现存北大西洋露脊鲸的数量以及文中提到的北大西洋露脊鲸的减少情况我们不难推知，北大西洋露脊鲸的现状堪忧，这一物
34、种处于濒危的边缘，如果不加以妥善保护，它们很有可能会灭绝，D项与此相符合。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会健康生活抑郁症【语篇解读】本文通过介绍抑郁症，主要想告诉我们：抑郁症并非如大多数人所想的那样是给人带来痛苦的，相反，它是一种自我保护机制。9答案与解析：D理解具体信息。根据第二段第三句“Now, models like. weve got it backward”可知，这个理论表明我们将抑郁症理解反了，所以提到这个理论是用来纠正我们对抑郁症的既有观点。故选D。10答案与解析：B推断。根据第三段第一句和第二句“When we think of. of hope”可知，当我们认为抑郁症是不
35、必要的痛苦时，我们就是在告诉抑郁症患者他们是不对的，他们和群体格格不入，这剥夺了他们的希望。由此可知，这是人们对抑郁症的通常看法，所以人们往往会认为得抑郁症是一件不好的事情。故选B。11答案与解析：C理解词汇。根据最后一段第二句可知，它能减轻痛苦，让我们感到疏离，根据第三句可知，一些爬行动物会休眠以避免寒冷的天气以及食物和水的匮乏，immobilization意为“减少活动，减少与周围人的接触”。故选C。12答案与解析：C理解文章结构。根据第四段第二、三、四句可知，如果我们的自主神经系统检测到有威胁，甚至只是缺乏安全感，它的下一个策略就是战斗或逃跑反应，我们通常会感到焦虑。有时威胁太严重或持续时间太长，以致神经系统决定没有办法战斗或逃跑。此时只剩下一个选择固化；根据第五段第四句可知，人们经常描述在极度不愉快的事件中有“不适”的感觉，这具有减少情绪休克的防御作用。由此可知，我们的身体对一种极其不愉快的情况的反应顺序是检测到威胁战斗或逃跑反应感受到情绪休克防御。故选C。8
