1、人教课标高三 选修 9 Unit 2谓语用来说明主语的动作或状态,由动词或动词词组担任。及物动词不及物动词连系动词情态动词动词可分为:需要跟有宾语的动词叫及物动词,及物动词后可跟一个宾语、直接宾语和间接宾语或一个宾语和宾语补足语。例如：及物动词直接宾语Children seek independence.The trial raised a number of questions.He made the shortest speech I have ever heard.A couple were having a drink at a table by the window.He took
2、photographs of Vita in her summer house.直接宾语和间接宾语。例如：They gave us a wonderfully warm welcome.Mr.Schell wrote a letter the other day to the New York Times.(wrote the New York Times a letter.)I took out the black box and handed it to her.(handed her the box.)I had lent my apartment to a friend for the
3、 weekend.He left the note for her on the table.一个宾语带宾语补足语。例如：Williss jokes made her uneasy.Last year they made him captain of the team.The people named the place“Turbo Kutu”.I thought it right to go there without delay.Have you found it difficult to speak?不需要跟宾语的动词叫不及物动词。例如：Her whole body ached.Dona
4、ld was lying on the bed.Bob coughed all night.All the leaves have fallen and winter is coming.有几个不及物动词后可以跟有与之同形的名词,这叫同源宾语。例如：They are living a peaceful life.=They are living peacefully.He died a heroic death.=He died heroically.The girl laughed a merry laugh.=The girl laughed merrily.He sighed a dee
5、p sigh.=He sighed deeply.许多动词往往既是不及物动词又是及物动词。例如：Gus asked me whether Id like to have dinner with him.I accepted.(vi.)I accepted the invitation.(vt.)He painted every day.(vi.)He painted vivid portraits of friends and acquaintances.(vt.)He ran as fast as he could.(vi.)She ran a hotel in the centre of
6、the city.(vt.)Father never smoked or drank all his life.(vi.)He drank a good deal of coffee.(vt.)At last she thanked them and left.(vi.)All I know is that Michael and I never left the house.(vt.)连系动词虽具有词汇意义,但需要带有表语才能构成动词谓语。例如：The station seems a very small one.They have remained loyal to the governm
7、ent.Their hall was larger than his whole flat.The task of inspecting it proved to be exciting and interesting.It sounds unnatural to us.My memories of a London childhood are happy ones.His body was the color of bronze.动词词组或称短语动词,可以扩展或改变动词的意义,它们的构成是：动词+副词Mary went away for a few days.动词+介词The other d
8、ay I came across a letter from Brunei written in the last year of his life.动词+副词+介词You may have come up against unexpected difficulties.情态动词与动词连用构成的谓语。例如：I must leave very soon.The rich ought to pay tuition fees for their children.You may have heard of him.You should not have done so.下面我们通过近年来的高考题共同
9、复习一下谓语的常考点。1.单个动词作谓语【考例1】The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _ them since.A.sees B.saw C.has seen D.had seen【考例2】If nothing _,the oceans will turn into fish deserts.A.does B.had been done C.will do D.is done【考例3】Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right.I _ him later.A.will cal
10、l B.have called C.call D.will be calling【考点透视】简单谓语有人称和数的变化,有各种时态、语态和语气,故高考题中对简单谓语的考查主要体现为对各种时态、语态和语气的考查。考例1中,根据句末的since可知,此处要用现在完成时。考例2中,nothing 与do之间是被动关系,且由will turn into可知,do表示将来发生的动作。因为条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表将来,故用一般现在时的被动语态。考例3中,由“现在不在办公室”可知,答话者会晚些时候再打电话过来,故call表示将来发生的动作,故用一般将来时。2.短语动词作谓语【考例1】Dont worry
11、.Im sure your missing glasses will _ sooner or later.A.stand out B.break up C.get out D.turn up 【考例2】Caroline doesnt have a gift for music,but she _ it with hard work.A.goes back on B.takes away fromC.makes up for D.catches up with【考点透视】高考对短语动词作谓语的考查主要体现在词义辨析方面。考例1中,由Dont worry 和Im sure 可知,眼镜迟早会出现（t
12、urn up）。考例2中,由doesnt have a gift for music 及并列连词but 可知,她是在用努力来弥补（makes up for）。3.“系动词+表语”构成的复合谓语【考例1】Generally,students inner motivation with high expectations from others _ essential to their development.A.is B.are C.was D.were【考例2】Mum,I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I _ on
13、 Friday.A.get paid B.got paid C.have paid D.had been paid【考点透视】系动词有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,要与作表语的名词、形容词、介词短语、过去分词等连用。常见的系动词有be,look,appear,keep,taste,feel,stay,become,get,remain,go,turn,grow等。考例1中,句子的主语是students inner motivation,故系动词用单数形式,又因为描述的是通常的情况,故用一般现在时。考例2中,从句中用一般现在时表示将来,且I与pay 之间是被动关系,故选get paid。4.“动
14、词+不定式”构成的复合谓语【考例】The engine just wont start.Something seems _ wrong with it.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone【考点透视】用于本结构的动词本身具有一定的词义,但不能单独表达一个完整的意义,必须同不定式结合起来才能使意义完整,所以这类动词又被称为半助动词。常见的这类动词有appear,come,fail,get,happen,seem 等。高考题中对此类谓语的考查主要是考查不定式。要注意不定式根据不同的语境有不同的形式：一般式、进行式和完成式。在该考例中,发动机出问题
15、是“发动不起来”之前发生的事,且因为seem后接不定式,故在此用不定式的完成式。5.“be+形容词+不定式”构成的复合谓语【考例1】What are you doing out of bed,Tom?Youre _ to be asleep.A.supposed B.known C.thought D.considered【考例2】Studies show that people are more _ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.A.likely B
16、.possible C.probable D.sure【考点透视】这部分的“be+形容词”结构也是半助动词,本身虽有词义,但不能独立作谓语,要与不定式一起构成复合谓语。常见的这类结构有be able to,be anxious to,be bound to,be certain to,be determined to,be eager to,be likely to,be ready to,be sure to等。6.“情态动词+实义动词”构成的复合谓语【考例1】I _ have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates
17、 here are very friendly to me.A.mightnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.couldnt【考例2】Life is unpredictable;even the poorest _ become the richest.A.shall B.must C.need D.might【考点透视】“情态动词+实义动词”构成的复合谓语,在高考题中主要体现为对情态动词的考查。考例1中,由“这里的同学们对我非常友好”可知,我来新学校之前没必要(neednt)担心。考例2中,由Life is unpredictable 可知,应选might。题意为：生活是不可预料的
18、,甚至最贫穷的可能会变成最富有的。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.As you can see,the number of cars on our roads _(keep)rising these days.2.I have to go to work by taxi because my car _(repair)at the garage.3.What we used to think _(be)impossible does seem possible now.keepsis being repairedwas4.The moment the 30th Olympic Games _(declare)open,the whole world cheered.was declared5.The use of credit cards in place of cash _(increase)in recent years.6.Newton _(explain)the movements of the moon from the attraction of the earth.has increasedhas explained
