1、UNIT 2Period One题组A基础练.单词拼写1However, his friend successfully _(说服) him to have a try. 2There was no advance _(警告) before the earthquake hit. 3Everyone will have their _(偏爱). 4Generally, that is fine, but you should be aware of one _(潜在的) weakness. 5There is little chance that we will succeed in chan
2、ging the law. _(然而), it is important that we try. 6When I got there, the noise and movement stopped _(立即). 7The text of the lecture was _(可获得的) to guests on the night. 8They watched the bus disappear into the _(遥远的) woods. 9Yemen _(掌控) the strait at the southern end of the Red Sea. 10We had to make
3、a _(变动) in our arrangements. 【答案】1.persuaded2.warning3.preferences4.potential5Nevertheless6.instantly7.available8.distant9commands10.switch.单句语法填空1If you live in a big city, you are _(constant) disturbed with noise. 2It upset her when men had a preference _ her sister.3Anyway, the understanding is t
4、hat Chinese children must spend their lives repaying their parents by _(obey) them and making them proud. 4He succeeded in _(persuade) her to give up her parttime job. 5Mrs. Blount _(warn) me not to interfere. 6I dont know how I will react the next time I meet a _(potential) dangerous situation. 7Of
5、ficials had not been allowed _(monitor) the voting. 8This position _(detect) system will keep us more secure. 9My _(day) routine included going to the gym for a workout before going to work.10The politician _(leak) the news to the newspapers on purpose just now. 【答案】1.constantly2.for3.obeying4.persu
6、ading5warned6.potentially7.to monitor8detecting9.daily10.leaked题组B提升练.阅读理解Researchers at the University of Chicago have trained an artificial intelligence system, to write fake reviews on Yelp, a website showing customers reviews on shopping or something else, and its pretty hard to tell them apart
7、from a human review.Their study, which will be presented at the ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security in October, aimed to throw attention onto how easily these systems can write reviews like humans and how damaging they can become if theyre not monitored properly.Since many small b
8、usinesses rely on online reviews to help grow and keep their reputation, a future where someonelike a rival or angry customercould crazily fill their page with negative reviews written by a machine is pretty worrying. And, according to the research team, the threat goes far beyond a bunch of fake re
9、views on Yelp. “In general the threat is bigger, ” Ben Y. Zhao, one of the authors of the study, said. “I think the threat towards society is large and it really misleads users and shakes our belief in what is real and what is not. I think thats going to be even unimaginable.”To test how believable
10、these reviews came across, the researchers invited 40 volunteers and had AI generate five fake reviews for 40 actual restaurants. The volunteers were asked how useful they thought the review was and whether or not they thought it was fake. The AI reviews ranked as “effectively indistinguishable” fro
11、m real reviews, according to the study. Further, the fake reviews were given a 3.15 “usefulness” rating, compared to a 3.28 rating for human reviews.1What can the new artificial intelligence system do according to the passage? AIt can help train new reviewers.BIt can tell the real reviews from the f
12、ake ones.CIt can write humanlike reviews.DIt can easily damage the businesses.2What does the underlined word “rival” mean in the passage? AA person who respects you deeply.BA person who competes with you.CA person who loves to give fake reviews.DA person who can control you from distance.3What can w
13、e infer from Ben Y. Zhaos remarks? AArtificial intelligence can put the society in danger.BThe artificial intelligence is only used by the researchers.CBen Y. Zhao is optimistic about the further development of artificial intelligence.DThe artificial intelligence will help people shake.4What is the
14、best title for the passage? ASuggestions on giving reviewsBHow to tell the fake reviewsCDevelopment of AI in review on YelpDAI is coming to steal your reviews【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。芝加哥大学的研究人员已经培训出了一种人工智能(AI)系统， 在Yelp网站上编写虚假评论， 足以乱真。其目的是强调这些系统可以很容易地写出像人类写的一样的评论， 如果它们没有被恰当地运用， 它们会变得具有破坏性， 而威胁远远不止于此。1C细节理解题。根据文
15、章第一段 “Researchers at the University of Chicago have trained an artificial intelligence system and its pretty hard to tell them apart from a human review.”可知， 芝加哥大学的研究人员研发了一种人工智能系统， 让它在Yelp网站上撰写虚假评论， 很难把它们与人类的评论区分开。由此可知， 这种新的人工智能系统可以撰写出像人类写的一样的评论。2B词义猜测题。根据文章第三段 “Since many small businesses rely on o
16、nline reviews to help grow and keep their reputation their page with negative reviews written by a machine is pretty worrying.”可知， 由于许多小企业依赖在线评论来帮助成长和保持声誉， 未来有人可能会疯狂地用机器写的负面评论填满它们的页面， 这是相当令人担忧的。由此可知画线单词所在部分 “like a rival or angry customer”是someone的同位语， 对其进行解释说明。根据上下文语境以及生活常识可以判断出， 企业面对的是顾客和竞争对手两类人。因
17、此rival可以理解为竞争对手。3A推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“ In general the threat is bigger， Ben Y. Zhao, one of the authors of the study, said， I think thats going to be even unimaginable.” 可知，他认为AI智能能够误导用户明辨是非的能力， 会对社会带来不可想象的威胁。4D主旨大意题。通读全文可知， 芝加哥大学的研究人员已经培训出了一种人工智能(AI)系统， 在Yelp网站上编写虚假评论， 足以乱真， 其目的是强调这种系统可以很容易地写出像人类写的一样的评论
18、， 如果它们没有被恰当地运用， 它们会变得具有破坏性， 而威胁远远不止于此。选项D “AI is coming to steal your reviews”体现了这一中心思想。.完形填空It is every kids worst nightmare (梦魔) and sixyearold Jaden Hayes has lived it twice. First, he _1_ his dad when he was four and then last month his mom died unexpectedly, _2_ him an orphan (孤儿) .Jaden is und
19、erstandably heartbroken. But theres another side to his _3_. A side he first made _4_ three weeks ago when he told his friends that he was tired of seeing some people sad all the time. And he had a plan to _5_ it.Here is how it all _6_. Jaden asked his aunt to buy a bunch of little _7_ and take him
20、to downtown Savannah to give them away. He _8_ people who arent already smiling and then turns their day around, expecting _9_ in returnbut a smile.So far he has gone out on four different occasions and _10_ nearly 500 smiles. Sometimes it simply confuses some people _11_ a sixyearold would give the
21、m a toy. They behaved awkwardly at first: stepping back or giving a _12_ smile. In most cases, however, he will be paid in nervous hugs. Those good reactions have worked wonders: the more people that he made smile, the more _13_ came out of him.For Jaden, he would _14_ his parents with each passing
22、day. He puts smiles back on the face of others to lift their _15_. He reminds us too, that however tough life can be, there is always some measure of joy.1A.sawBlostCsavedDrecognized2A.findingBleavingCprovingDseeing3A.interestBpuzzleCdelightDsadness4A.safeBshortCpublicDavailable5A.fixBenjoyCachieveD
23、finish6A.beganBendedCchangedDhelped7A.flowersBtoysCbooksDkeys8A.asksBlovesCtargetsDbelieves9A.anythingBsomethingCeverythingDnothing10A.sharedBclaimedCexchangedDcollected11A.whyBhowCwhenDwhere12A.warmBwideCtightDsweet13A.joyBenvyCdoubtDsurprise14A.visitBmissCtellDsearch15A.soundsBhandsCspiritsDeyes【语
24、篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个六岁的男孩失去父母后通过赠送玩具的方法来收集人们的微笑，使自己和他人摆脱悲伤的故事。1B根据空后“ then last month his mom died unexpectedly, _2_ him an orphan (孤儿)”可知，此处指他四岁时“失去”了爸爸。2B上文提到Jaden Hayes遭遇两次梦魇，父母相继去世，所以此处指“成为”孤儿，“leavesb.宾补”结构中，名词作宾补时，意为“使某人成为”。3D上一句提到“Jaden is understandably heartbroken.”，所以此处指他的“悲伤”，下一句中“he was
25、tired of seeing some people sad all the time”也是提示。4C根据“when he told his friends”可知，此处指“公开的”。5A根据“he was tired of seeing some people sad all the time”可知，他有了“解决”这个问题的计划。6A根据下文他的具体行动可知，此处指他的计划如何“开始”。7B根据下文“Sometimes it simply confuses some people _11_ a sixyearold would give them a toy.”可知，他请求姑姑给他买一些“玩
26、具”。8C根据“then turns their day around”可知，他的“目标”是那些没有笑容的人，然后改变他们的一天。9D根据“but a smile”可知，Jaden不求什么回报，只想要个微笑。10D根据上文“expecting _9_ in return but a smile”可知，Jaden的目的是想要微笑，所以此处指目前已经“收集”了近500个微笑。11A根据“it simply confuses some people”可知，人们不知道这个六岁的男孩“为什么”要给他们玩具，所以感到困惑。12C根据“They behaved awkwardly at first: ste
27、pping back”可知，人们一开始表现得很拘谨，后退或者露出“生硬的”微笑。13A根据上文内容可知，他厌倦了看到人们悲伤，所以这个计划的目的是让人们微笑，所以此处指“快乐”，文章最后一句“there is always some measure of joy”也是提示。14B根据上文可知，Jaden父母都去世。所以此处指每一天都会“想念”父母。15C根据上文“he was tired of seeing some people sad all the time”并结合本句“He puts smiles back on the face of others”可知，他厌倦看到人们悲伤，让人们重
28、拾微笑，以振奋他们的“精神”。.语法填空As I went through school, I came to understand that life was about 1._(compete). The only thing that mattered was doing 2._(well) than everyone else. I watched this cycle through the lives of my four older brothers. I watched them win 3._(award) time and time again and admired by
29、 teachers and adults alike. And I wanted all of that. But then I learned that I couldnt compete 4._ my brothers or others for that matter. I didnt enjoy math and science nearly as much as I enjoyed English literature. My stomach would often hurt 5._(think) about the amount of time Id have to put in
30、studying and working to get ahead of everyone. Around the seventh grade, I decided that I didnt care about being a top student anymore. I just wanted to do 6._ brought me joy. I wanted to just read and write for days. Then I watched my older brothers enter the workplace and not enjoy the career path
31、 they had chosen. That made my stomach hurt, too. At the same time, they were making a lot of money and were able 7._(afford) expensive cars and go on trips that seemed enjoyable, but I decided that Id not trade the cars and trips for having a job 8._ brought me joy. So I did just that. I 9._(major)
32、 in English in college with a concentration on creative fictions. For the past decade, I have had a career in a nonprofit organization serving children in need. It has brought me great joy. Theres not a daily drive to compete in the market place and be better than another organization so that we inc
33、rease our profits. The drive is to serve another person with excellence. And the other unexpected aspects are that 10._ I have never made a lot of money, I have a car and have been fortunate to take some pretty amazing trips for work. 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者主要描述了自己在学习和工作方面没有跟随自己的四个哥哥， 而是坚持做让自己感到快乐的事情。1comp
34、etition考查词性转化。 句意： 上学的过程中， 我逐渐理解了生活就是竞争。故填名词competition。2better考查比较级。句意： 唯一重要的事情就是比别人做得更好。根据空后than以及句意可知应填比较级better。3awards考查名词的数。句意： 我看着他们一次又一次获奖。award(奖励)是可数名词， 前面没有冠词， 结合后面 “time and time again”可知用复数形式awards。4with考查介词。句意：但是随后我了解到我不能在这件事上与我的兄弟和其他人竞争。 compete with sb. “与某人竞争”。故填with。5thinking考查现在分词
35、。句意：想起为了领先所有人不得不在学习和工作中投入的时间， 我肚子就会疼。分词作状语， 与句子主语“I”为主动关系， 故填thinking。6what考查连接词。句意：我决定去做能给我带来快乐的事。此处为宾语从句， 从句中缺少主语，故填连接词what。7to afford考查不定式。句意： 与此同时， 他们挣了很多钱， 能够买得起昂贵的车， 能够享受似乎愉快的旅行， 但是我决定不拿带给我快乐的工作与豪车、旅行做交易。be able to do是固定搭配。故填to afford。8that/which考查关系代词。此处为限制性定语从句， 先行词是job, 故填which或that。9majored考查谓语动词。句意：我在大学主修英语专业同时专注于创作小说。由语境可知作者在回忆过往， 需用一般过去时， 故填majored。10while/though考查连词。句意： 而且其他出乎预料的方面是： 虽然我从没有挣到很多钱， 但是我也有了自己的车， 而且很幸运有一些非常棒的工作旅行。由语境可知此处表让步，故填while/though。
