1、高考题型组合练16阅读理解阅读理解书面表达.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2017菏泽一模)Halloween is perhaps the third most popular holiday for parties，coming after New Years and Christmas.With Halloween，we have the opportunity to dress up for the night and “be someone else”Team MakerIf you are going to have games，yo
2、u may require teams.One way to put together the teams randomly，thus encouraging guests who dont already know each other，is to have them draw pieces from a cauldron(大锅)or witchs hat.Beforehand，write enough words on pieces of paper to have one for every guest.On the pieces of paper write words like：Eg
3、yptian tomb，pyramid，magic wand，magic spell，black cat，etc.Everyone draws a piece of paper.Dress Up the DeadThis game is not for the shy and may result in some small rude performance.For the game，you will need a put-together skeleton.They can be found in the Halloween section of many stores.The skelet
4、on can be of wood or plastic，so long as it can be taken apart easily and can be recombined together.The host“buries”the broken up skeleton under a pile of sawdust，loose dirt or hay in the yard.The first team，while being timed，must discover all the skeleton pieces then run to where theres a hook for
5、hanging the skeleton.They must recombine the skeleton and then，donating parts of their own clothing，dress the skeleton in a shirt and pants.Murder MysteryHost a murder mystery as a play.Select players，either by volunteers or by random drawing or even have guests vote.While the players read over thei
6、r parts，the rest of the guests arrange the room.Set up a row of chairs facing the party audience.This will be the“stage”where the murder mystery players will sit and perform their roles.The host keeps the game (play) moving，usually by playing one of the detective characters.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章
7、主要向我们介绍了适合万圣节派对的三种游戏。1How can people form a team?ABy giving a performance.BBy making a witchs hat.CBy writing some words.DBy drawing a piece of paper.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Beforehand，write enough words on pieces of paper to have one for every guest”可知你可以通过在一张纸上写词语来组建团队，故选D。答案：D2What persons are suitable fo
8、r Dress Up the Dead?AThose who can tell stories.BThose who are not brave enough.CThose who dont mind small rudeness.DThose who are not good at making up.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“This game is not for the shy and may result in some small rude performance”可知装扮僵尸会导致小粗鲁的表现，不适合害羞的人，由此可知这个游戏适合那些不在意小粗鲁的人，故选C。答案：C3Wha
9、t is the function of chairs in Murder Mystery?AThey are prepared for the audience to sit.BThey are used to sit in and perform for the players.CThey are prepared for the host to guide the players.DThey are used to attract the audiences attention.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Set up a row of chairs facing the par
10、ty audience.This will be the“stage”where the murder mystery players will sit and perform their roles.”可知神秘谋杀游戏中的凳子充当游戏者的舞台，故选B。答案：B4What is the best title for the text?AGames for Halloween PartyBHow to prepare for the Halloween Party?CThe reason why Halloween Party is popularDWhat is the purpose of
11、Halloween Party?解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了适合万圣节派对的三种好玩的游戏，故选A。答案：AB(2017全国卷)When a leafy plant is under attack，it doesnt sit quietly.Back in 1983，two scientists，Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin，reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants c
12、an get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds，VOCs for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.Its a plants way
13、of crying out.But is anyone listening？Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbors react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive，the_ta
14、bles_are_turnedThe attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study，it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant，but the neighbors，relatively speaking，stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
15、Does this mean that plants talk to each other？Scientists dont know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches，and so，in effect，was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbors just happened to“overhear”the cry.So information was exchanged，but it wasnt a tru
16、e，intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin，over 150 years ago，imagined a world far busier，noisier and more intimate(亲密的)than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.Theres a whole lot going on.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植物受到袭击时会释放出某种化学物质来保护自己并“告知”附近的植物。5What does a plant do when it is under at
17、tack?AIt makes noises.BIt gets help from other plants.CIt stands quietly.DIt sends out certain chemicals.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“.reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant an
18、d seem to be an alarm.”可知，植物受到伤害时会散发出一种特殊的气味，而这种特殊的气味就是某些化学物质，故选D项。A、B两项无中生有，文章并没有提及制造声响和从其他植物那儿获取帮助的信息；C项曲解文意，第一段中的“.it doesnt sit quietly.”不等于“It stands quietly.”。答案：D6What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3?AThe attackers get attacked.BThe insects gather under the tabl
19、e.CThe plants get ready to fight back.DThe perfumes attract natural enemies.解析：句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.(它们散发出气味意在吸引不同的昆虫，这些昆虫是袭击者的天敌)”，以及画线部分后的“The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.(正在吃午餐的袭击者现在就变成了
20、午餐)”可知，画线部分的意思是袭击者受到了它的天敌的袭击，故选A项。B、C两项无中生有，文中未提及B项“昆虫聚集在桌子下”、C项“植物们准备还击”；D项“气味吸引了天敌”，文中确实提到此事，但它提到的是吸引了袭击者的天敌。答案：A7Scientists find from their studies that plants can_Apredict natural disastersBprotect themselves against insectsCtalk to one another intentionallyDhelp their neighbors when necessary解析
21、：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.”和“They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.”可知，植物能保护自己免受昆虫的伤害，故选B项。A项无中生有，文中并未提及A项“预测自然灾害”；C项曲解文意，根据第五段最后一句可知，“植物不是在彼此故意交谈”；D项中的when necessary与文意不符。答案：B8What can we
22、 infer from the last paragraph?AThe world is changing faster than ever.BPeople have stronger senses than before.CThe world is more complex than it seems.DPeople in Darwins time were more imaginative.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，达尔文设想了一个远比现实世界更繁忙、更喧嚣和更亲密的世界，而我们的感官却非常弱，我们还有很长的路要走。由此可知，世界似乎比它看上去的样子更复杂，故选C项。A项无中生有
23、，最后一段并没有提及世界变化快慢的信息；B项颠倒是非，最后一段说人们的感官很弱，而B项“人们有比以前更强的感官”，两者正好相反；D项偷换概念，文章只是说“达尔文设想”，并没有说达尔文时期的人们想象力更加丰富。答案：C.书面表达(2017潮州高三第二次模拟)假定你是李华。你收到了美国笔友彼得寄来的最新英文小说。请给他回信，内容包括：1小说收到；2回赠礼物；3礼物意义；4邀请来华。注意：1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Peter，_Best wishes.Yours，Li Hua【语篇解读】本篇是提纲类作文书面表达。内容是给美国笔友
24、写一封回信。写作时注意以下几点：1.仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确要点就是主要内容。2.提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。3.根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时为主。4.注意写信格式。答案：Dear_Peter，Im glad to receive the novel.Thank you for such a lovely gift as I have been expecting for a long time.This novel gives me some insights
25、 into American society and daily life.I know youre interested in Chinese festivals，and therefore I choose an album of paper cutting for you.Paper cutting is a unique form of Chinese cultural relics，which is often used as a decoration for a joyous atmosphere.I hope it will bring happiness and luck to
26、 your family as it always does in China.Expecting you to come to China and experience the rich culture in person.Best_wishes.Yours，Li_Hua【亮点说明】本文层次分明，结构紧凑，语言连贯。同时使用了多种句式和结构。如定语从句：paper cutting is a unique form of Chinese cultural relics，which is often used as a decoration for a joyous atmosphere，宾语从句：I hope it will bring happiness and luck to your family as it always does in China等。
