1、教学 知识细解码UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE1interact vi.相互作用，相互影响_ n交流；相互影响2rely vi.依赖；依靠_ adj.可靠的；可信赖的3_ n愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒angry adj.生气的；恼火的interactionreliableanger4_ vi.(根据情况)变化；改变various adj.不同的；各种各样的variety n变化；品种；种类5_ vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过approval n赞成；认可disapprove v不赞成6_ vi.相异；不同于different adj.不同的；与众不同的_ n差异；区别diff
2、erently adv.不同地varyapprovedifferdifference1contrast n差异；对照物 vi.&vt.形成对照；形成对比Todays work is quite a contrast to what you did yesterday._He contrasted the two different economic systems in his speech._This white peak contrasts finely with the blue sky._n.对照物vt.对照；对比vi.形成对照；形成对比2witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n
3、.目击者；证人She was a witness of the incident._No one could witness that he was present._A carpenter was giving evidence about an accident he had witnessed_n.目击者；证人vt.见证vt.当场看到；目击3favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n帮助；恩惠；赞同I hate asking favours of people._The teacher favours serious students._Hot climate and plentifu
4、l rainfall favour the growth of plants._n.帮助；恩惠vt.较喜欢vt.有利于4anger n怒气；愤怒 vt.使生气；激怒His impolite words angered his teacher._Though he felt his anger mounting,he kept perfect control of himself._vt.使生气；激怒n.怒气；愤怒Words and Phrases知识要点1 vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变(教材 P38)Just like spoken language,body language va
5、ries from culture to culture.就像口语一样，身体语言也因文化而异。例 1 The temperature varies from time to time.温度常常变化。例 2 The sword hardly varied in form from the 12th to the 15th century.剑的样式从 12 世纪到 15 世纪几乎没有什么改变。知识拓展(1)vary in sth.在某方面不同vary with sth.随而变化vary between.and.vary from.to.由到情况不等(2)variety n.变化；种类；多样性a v
6、ariety ofvarieties of许多的；各种各样的(3)various adj.各种各样的即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译The students work varies considerably _ quality.Prices vary _ the type of the room you require.Opinions on this matter vary greatly from person _ person.由于各种原因，我不愿见他。_，Id prefer not to meet him._，Id prefer not to meet him._，Id prefer n
7、ot to meet him.inwithtoFor various reasonsFor a variety of reasonsFor varieties of reasons知识要点2 approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过(教材 P38)In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of.相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。例 1 The minister approved the building plan.部长批准了该建筑计划。例 2 Her father will never
8、 approve of her marriage to you.他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。知识拓展(1)approve of 赞成；同意approve of sb./sb.s(doing)sth.同意某人(做)某事(2)approval n.赞成；同意；批准；认可give ones approval to批准某人即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子She doesnt approve _ our decision.I approve of your _(try)to earn some money,but please dont neglect your studies.Hope the arr
9、angements meet with your _(approve).我非常赞成这些新的测试。I very much _oftryingapprovalapprove of these new tests小片段填空 I dont need _ all the time.If someone does not _me,I will still be okay.我不总是需要别人的认同，如果有人不认同我，我还是会觉得没事。approvalapprove of知识要点3 witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n目击者；证人(教 材 P38)In Japan,someone who witnes
10、ses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.在日本，看到别人做这个手势的人可能会认为这是有钱的意思。例 1 A witness was examined by him in a court of law.他在法庭上质问一个证人。例 2 He gave witness on behalf of an accused person.他为被告作证。知识拓展(1)witness sth.目击了某事witness to(doing)sth.证实，证明(做)某事witness for 为作证(2)be a witn
11、ess to sth.是某事的证据/证人bear/give witness to 做的证人；为作证即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子He made a very poor witness _ himself.His good health is a witness _ the success of the treatment.司机作证说，他看到此人进入那栋大楼。The driver _ the man enter the building.这些事实证明了他的粗心。These facts are _fortowitnessed to having seena witness to his carel
12、essness小片段填空 The _ who _ the incident _ the police and promised to be a _这个目击了这起事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。witnesswitnessedgave witness towitness图形助记知识要点4 differ vi.不同于；相异(教材 P38)Even the gestures we use for“yes”and“no”differ around the world.甚至我们用作“是”和“不”的手势也因地而异。例 1 Japanese differs greatly from French
13、 in pronunciation.日语发音和法语大不相同。例 2 Conditions of employment differ according to the type of company you are working for.雇佣条件因供职公司的不同而有差异。知识拓展(1)differ from.与不同/有区别differ in.在方面不同differ with sb.on/about/over sth.与某人在某事上持不同(看法)(2)different adj.不同的be different from.与不同(3)difference n.不同，差别make a differe
14、nce(to.)(对)有作用或影响即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Worried about my health,I tried many _(differ)kinds of diets but nothing worked.Therere many _(differ)between British English and American English.differentdifferences在日常生活中，每个人都会时不时地失败，但你如何做出反应却有很大影响。In our daily life,everyone fails every now and then.But it is how y
15、ou react that _很显然，这对双胞胎在性格方面不一样。Apparently,the twins _这些模型的大小和形状都不一样。The models _ size and shape.makes a big differencediffer from each other in characterdiffer in小片段填空 Learners with _ cultural backgrounds _their thinking patterns and learning styles.The _ can be investigated and explained.不同文化背景的学
16、习者在思维模式和学习风格上有很大的不同。这种差异可以被研究和解释。differentdiffer a lot indifference知识要点5 favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n帮助；恩惠；赞同(教材 P38)Elsewhere,people favour shaking hands,bowing from the waist,or nodding the head when they meet someone else.在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。例 1 A mother shouldnt show too much favour to one of her c
17、hildren.母亲不应该对一个孩子表现出过多的宠爱。例 2 I must decline to show favour to any of the candidates.我必须拒绝偏袒任何一位候选人。知识拓展do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.帮某人的忙in favour of.支持ask sb.for a favourask a favour of sb.请求某人帮忙in ones favour 对某人有利即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译Most of them were in favour _ my opinion while David was agains
18、t it.The exchange rate is _ our favour for the time being.今天你能帮我个忙去学校接山姆吗？Could you _ and pick up Sam from school today?Could you _ and pick up Sam from school today?ofindo me a favourdo a favour for me我想请你帮忙，你能把你的电话借给我吗？I want to _，will you lend me your cell phone?I want to _；will you lend me your
19、cell phone?ask a favour of youask you for a favour图形助记知识要点6 break down 消除；分解；打破(教材 P39)A smile can break down barriers.微笑可以打破障碍。例 1 Our car broke down and we had to draw it to a garage.我们的车坏了，不得不把它拖到修车厂去。例 2 By then the gate was being broken down.那时候大门快要被砸开了。知识拓展break away from脱离；摆脱；挣脱；打破陈规break in
20、闯入；强行进入break out 突然发生；爆发(不用于被动语态)break up 打碎；分裂；解体；解散即学即练完成句子他的车在路上出故障了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。His car _ on the way,and that was why he was late for the meeting.这个女孩挣脱她妈妈，跑了。The girl _ her mother and ran away.broke downbroke away from这个乐队大约在 1970 年解散，但是令人高兴的是，到了 20 世纪 80 年代中期他们再次相聚。The band _ about 1970,but ha
21、ppily they reunited in the mid1980s.在这一地区总有意想不到的事情发生。Something unexpected always _ in this area.为了很快地进入着火的房子，消防队员拆了那面墙。The firemen _ in order to gain quick access to the building on fire.broke upbreaks outbroke down the wall知识要点7 reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的(教 材 P39)Which is a more reliable guide for under
22、standing someones feelings，their body language or the words they speak?哪一种方式更能帮助我们理解别人的感受：是肢体语言还是他们说的语言？例 1 It has a highly reliable control system.它具备一套极可靠的控制系统。例 2 Hes a good musician and totally reliable他是个出色的音乐家，而且非常可靠。知识拓展(1)a reliable friend 可靠的朋友be reliable as 作为是可靠的(2)rely v.信任；信赖；依赖；依靠rely
23、on/upon 依靠；依赖rely on it that.相信即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子This statement is not reliable _ evidence.It would be better to rely _ ourselves than on others.You may rely on _ that he will help you.那个年轻人诚实，且有合作精神，当你需要他帮忙的时候，他总是在那儿。简言之，他很可靠。The young man is honest,cooperative,and is always there when you need his he
24、lp.In short,_asonithes reliable小片段填空 The land,the essential means of production,is the most _living security that the peasants can _土地作为基本的生产资料，是农民可以依赖的最可靠的生活保障。reliablerely onSentence Patterns重点句式1 不定式短语作后置定语(教 材 P38)For example,making eye contact looking into someones eyesin some countries is a wa
25、y to display interest.例如，在一些国家，进行眼神交流直视某人的眼睛是表现出兴趣的一种方式。句式分析：不定式短语 to display interest 作后置定语，修饰 a way。例 1 The meetings were a way to get acquainted with each other.这些会议是一种相互结交的途径。例 2 The best way to deal with a tease is to ignore him.对付爱捉弄人的人的最佳方法就是不搭理他。知识拓展(1)在 the first,the second,the last,the nex
26、t,the only 等词和形容词最高级后或在被这些词修饰的名词/代词后，常用不定式作定语。(2)在 time,way,chance,ability,promise 等抽象名词后，常用不定式作定语。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The chance _(go)for a picnic has been ruined.He is the only man _(know)the truth.最好的旅行方式是坐高铁。The best way _ is to take a high-speed train.他总是第一个来，最后一个走。He is always _多锻炼是保持健康的好方法。Its a g
27、ood way _ with more exercise.to goto knowto travelthe first to come and the last to leaveto keep fit重点句式2 when doing.(教材 P38)In Japan,it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.在日本，当你和年长的人说话时，低头可能是对长辈的尊重。句式分析：句中 when talking to an older person 是一个省略句，补全后为：when you are ta
28、lking to an older person。例 1 When seeing the naughty child,the teacher sympathized to his mother.当看到那个淘气的孩子时，老师对他的母亲表示很同情。例 2 I kept a diary every day while(I was)travelling.在那次旅行期间，我每天都写日记。知识拓展当 when，while，before，after，unless，as if，if 等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是 it，且从句谓语中含有 be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和 be 动词。即学
29、即练单句语法填空/一句多译He wont come unless _(invite).While _(play)with his children outdoors,the father felt very happy.如果你被录用干这份工作的话，你会很快被通知到的。_，youll be informed soon._，youll be informed soon.invitedplayingIf you are accepted for the jobIf accepted for the job重点句式3 比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义(教材 P39)And if we are feeli
30、ng down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。句式分析：句中 nothing better than 是比较级的否定形式表示最高级的含义。例 1 Personally,she would like nothing better than to accept this invitation.就她个人来说，她巴不得接受这次邀请。例 2 Peter likes nothing better than going
31、to the coast and messing about in his boat.彼得最喜欢去海边，毫无目的地让船在海中漂荡。知识拓展最高级意义的多种表达法：(1)否定词形容词/副词比较级(than)(2)否定词so/as 形容词/副词原级as(3)比较级 thanall the other名词复数the other名词复数any other名词单数any of the other名词复数anything/anyone else即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I have never spent a _(worrying)day.Tom is _(intelligent)than any o
32、ther student/all the other students in his class.再没有别的书对我的生活有更大的影响了。_ has had a greater effect on my life.多么好的一本小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的了。What a wonderful novel!I have never read _more worryingmore intelligentNo other booka more moving one李洋在班里学习最努力。Li Yang studies harder _在夏季炎热的下午，我想不出什么东西比一杯冰凉可口的啤酒更好。I can
33、 think of _ a nice cold beer on a hot summer afternoon.than anyone else in his classnothing better than1The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.分析 本句为复合句。动词-ing 形式 using body language 作表语，that is appropriate to the culture you are in 为 that 引导的
34、限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 a way；其中 you are in 是省略了 that 的又一个定语从句，修饰先行词 the culture。译文 最重要的是要以一种适合你所在文化的方式使用肢体语言。2There are also differences in how we touch each other,how close we stand to someone we are talking to,and how we act when we meet or part.分析 本句为复合句。连词 and 连接三个 how 引导的宾语从句，其中 we are talking to 是省略了关系
35、代词 whom 的定语从句，修饰先行词 someone，when we meet or part 为时间状语从句。译文 我们彼此接触的方式、我们与谈话对象的距离以及我们见面或分手时的行为也存在差异。教材高考 1.Just like spoken language，body language varies fromculture to culture.(2020 天津卷)Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and tim
36、ed their fall to the ground.2.For example,making eye contactlooking into someones eyes in some countries is a way to display interest(2019 北京卷)Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.3.In Japan,it may demonstrate respect to look do
37、wn when talking to an older person(2019 天 津 卷)Amy,as well as her brothers,was given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.4.In Japan，someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.(2020 新高考全国卷)However，her children have learned an important less
38、on witnessing their mother earn her degree.5.Even the gestures we use for“yes”and“no”differaround the world.(2020 全 国 卷)How do boys differfrom girls in puzzle play？6.Elsewhere,people favourshaking hands,bowing from the waist,or nodding the head when they meet someone else.(2019天津卷)Opportunity favors
39、 those with a curious mind.单句语法填空1We will meet with quantities of people,_(vary)from the old to the young.2The company gave its _(approve)to his application.3The junior clerk was alarmed when he _(witness)the robbery in his office.varyingapprovalwitnessed4From the appearance,we can not tell the _(di
40、ffer)between the twins.5He stood there in favour _ his father.6The first paper _(hand)in would be from Group 4.7 She sang very well.Ive never heard a _(beautiful)voice.differenceofto handmore beautiful8Informal _(interact)among employees is seen as part of the ongoing training process.9Their objecti
41、ve was _(demonstrate)peacefully for civil rights.10Many graduates _(employ)in the electronics and computing industries now.interactionto demonstrateare employed.短语填空by contrast,approve of,break down,get through,feel down1Her health _ under the pressure of work.2_,he was much more frank.3“Maybe I cou
42、ld，”said Carrie,glad that someone _the idea.4The passage is too narrow for cars to _5When I told her what happened she _broke downBy contrastapproved ofget throughfelt down.课文语法填空As we all know,we can learn a lot about others feelings and thoughts by watching 1._(they)body language.In fact,body lang
43、uage 2._(vary)from culture to culture,so the crucial thing 3._(be)using body language in a way 4._ is appropriate to the culture you are in.In different 5._(culture),the gesture for“OK”has 6._(differ)meanings.For example,in Japan,this gesture means money.Even theirvariesisthatculturesdifferentthe ge
44、stures we use 7._“yes”and“no”differ around the world.Besides,there are some gestures with 8._ same meaning everywhere.For example,9._(move)hand in circles over the stomach after a meal means“I am full”Some body language has many different uses and perhaps 10._(good)example is smiling.forthemovingthe best点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 谢谢观看 THANK YOU!
