1、 -如东高级中学高三英语考前辅导材料 一、听力技巧听力部分是试题的第一部分，它的成败往往影响考生笔试部分的情绪。在高考英语听力测试中，技巧掌握得好坏，将直接影响答题效果，那么在听力测试中要怎样注意听力的解题技巧呢？1. 带着问题听录音，理解对话的主旨大意 在听每份录音材料之前和之后都会留出大约5到10秒钟的时间作准备，考生应该尽可能地利用这点时间快速浏览试题。通过浏览题干及其选项就能做到心中有数，如果能以选项透露的内容为线索，推断对话或讲话的话题及可能要涉及的内容，到听录音时针对性和目的性就强多了，听起来也就主动多了，不必要的干扰也容易排除掉。如：NMET（2002）第1题 Who is Ch
2、ris Paine? A. A computer engineer. B. A book seller. C. A writer. 此听力的原文为： W: Id like to read Chris Paine. M: So do I. I hear he writes on his computer, and his new book will come out next week. W: Great! Ive got to get one as soon as it is out. 解析：本题是一位女子和一位男子在谈论喜欢读Chris Paine的作品的情况，其中的he writes on
3、 his computer是这位男子谈话的关键，因此，考生若对此进行归纳判断就会马上明白此谈话的主旨大意，选出答案C。2注意人物身份 无论是在讲话还是在对话中，人物的身份相当重要。对话通常有一男声和一女声，他们是同学还是朋友，是兄妹还是夫妻，是老板和雇工还是店主和顾客，是大夫和病人还是司机和顾客?这些都要尽快搞清楚。要会区别两人的不同声音，听准他们相互的称呼。如果对英语中那些男女分别常用的名字比较熟悉，对辨别人物身份也很有帮助。如果他们在对话中提到别的人，那就更要留心。测试的内容很有可能就和提到的这个人物有关。如：NMET（2001）第12题 Who are the two speakers?
4、 A. A passer-by and a policeman. B. A passer-by and a driver. C. A passenger and a taxi-driver. 此听力的原文为： W: Excuse me, but I think you made a wrong turn. You were supposed to turn left on Wilson Boulevard . M: Oh. Im sorry. Didnt you say 1323 Wilson? W: No, 3023. Its OK, though. You dont have to tak
5、e me there. I can walk from here. M: Why dont I just make a U-turn at the corner? W: No, you shouldnt make a U-turn there. Its a one way street. See the sign up ahead. M: Well, maybe if I turn left here, I can come down the next street. W: You cant do that either during rush hour. Really though, don
6、t go to any trouble. Sometimes one can wait 30 minutes for a taxi. So Im happy to get this close. M: 30 minutes! Ive been riding around all day for passengers. 解析：从女士所说的话“Sometimes one can wait 30 minutes for a taxi.”可以找出答案为C。3注意主要事件的时间、地点 在听录音材料时，要注意所提到的事情发生的时间和地点。英语表示时间和地点的词语在句中常用作状语，在句子里不是在最后就是在最
7、前面。如果在前面，那就是有意强调，就更需留心。英语句中谓语动词的时态和动作发生的时间也有很大关系，也要给予注意。很多测试题都与时间、地点密切相关，所以听准时间和地点是收听事件叙述的一个重点。如：NMET（2001）第1题 Where did this conversation most probably take place? A. At a concert. B. At a flower shop. C. At a restaurant. 此听力的原文为： M: The music and flowers are lovely. W: Yes, I hope the food is good
8、, too. 解析：从女士所说的话“I hope the food is good, too.” 可以推出答案为C。4速记速算，快速捕捉信息 听录音时要尽快地把捕捉到的信息记录下来，可使用一些简单的字母、符号来代替自己心目中的人物、时间、地点或事件。听到的关键词语要及时记录，尤其是听到数字时，更要快速记下。听到不同的数字时，要分别按顺序记，不要前后混淆。有的题目还要求进行一些简单的运算，更应把有关数字记准，并进行快速计算，马上就得出答数来。要避免在数字和运算上耽误过多时间。如：NMET（2001）第4题 At what time does the train to Leeds leave? A
9、.3:00 B.3:15 C.5:00 此听力的原文为： W: Excuse me, could you tell me when the next train to Manchester is? M: Sure. Well, its 3 now. The next train to Manchester leaves in 2 hours. But you can take trains to Leeds which leaves in 15 minutes, and then get off at Manchester because it stops in Manchester on t
10、he way.解析：从男士所说的话“Well, its 3 now.”和“ But you can take trains to Leeds which leaves in 15 minutes,”可计算出答案为B.3:15。5注意对话中的“言外之意” 有时对话人双方，并不是坦率地直截了当申明自己的态度，而是口气很委婉地间接从侧面表示出来。要善于理解他们这种含蓄的表示方法，也就是要领会他们的言外之意。最常见的例子是含有转折意义的连词but的句子，这时特别要注意but后面的句子的意思，那才是说话者的真实意图，而but前面的句子意思往往不是多么重要，大多是一些出于礼貌的客套话。如：What did
11、 the man do last night? A. He watched television with his friend. B. He stayed at home talking with his friend. C. He went to see a film with his friend. 此听力的原文为： W: Did you see last night film on Channel 4? M: Well, I meant to see it, but a friend of mine came to see me. We had a nice long talk abo
12、ut our school days. 解析：从男士的回答可以推断出答案为B。 通常情况下，言外之意题型中的第一说话人所言是一个标准的一般疑问句，即一个可用Yes或No来回答的问句，第二说话人的答话给人一种答非所问的感觉。也就是说对话双方所言风马牛不相及，使考生很难快速地将两者相联系、领会对话的真正含义，所以造成失分。常见的提问形式有: What does the woman mean?/ Whats the woman going to do?例如: Whats the woman going to do? A. Collect papers for the man. B. Do the t
13、yping once again. C. Check the paper for typing errors. 此听力的原文为： M: Are you sure you have corrected all the typing errors in this paper ? W: Perhaps，Id better read it through.由上不难看出，第一句话是一个标准的一般疑问句，即一个可用Yes或No来回答的句子，意为“你肯定这篇论文的打字错误全都改正了吗?”，第二句答:“也许，我还是从头到尾再读一遍吧”。通读的目的是核查一下是否还有错误需要改正。所以，选项C与题意相符，是正确答
14、案。选项A中的collect与对话中的correct发音相近，为听音干扰项。再如：（如东中学三模） What does the man mean?A. He will meet his boss. B. He will have to work late. C. He wont work late.听力原文：W: Do you think your boss will expect you to work late again tonight?M: Does the sun rise in the west?解析：M用一个反问句回答了W的提问。正确答案是B。6注意说话者的意图、观点和态度 在听
15、独白时特别要注意读独白的主旨要义，弄清说话人的意图，分析他的态度和感情:是赞成还是反对，是喜欢还是憎恨，是担心还是释然，是乐观还是悲观。一般来说，独白的主题句都在开头，但个别的也会在中间或末尾。要善于把它们找出来，然后再处理其他材料就容易多了。如：NMET（2001）第20题. Which of the following words best describes the day the speaker had ? A. Exciting B. Unlucky C. Tiring 此听力的原文为 What happened to me that day is just unbelievable
16、. The first thing to go wrong was that all the parking spaces were taken. So I had to park on the grass and hoped that I would not get a parking ticket. When I got to the Admissions Office, there was already a long line of students waiting. By the time it was my turn, two of the courses I needed wer
17、e filled, and I had to go back to my adviser and make out a whole new time table. Although I did sign up for all my courses, I missed lunch. The next thing to go wrong was that the bookstore had sold out one of the textbooks required. As I was leaving, I wondered what else could possibly happen. The
18、n I saw a policeman standing beside my car and writing out a ticket. 整篇文章都在讲述说话者一天所遭遇的不顺利的事情，因此，可以推断出答案为B。 这类考题要求考生不但能理解录音原文的主旨大意，而且还要通过文中的重要细节、具体事实，揣摩、推断说话者的意图、观点和态度等，这类题能测试出考生在听力方面的综合素质。又如：NMET（2001）第5题 What is the mans problem? A. He cant decide how to go. B. He cant drive himself. C. He doesnt l
19、ike traveling by train. 此听力的原文为 W: So youll go to the Smiths again this weekend? M: Yes, but I cant make up my mind whether to go by road or rail. The trains generally less an effort but its a terrible walk from the nearest station to the village. 解析：从男士的回答可以推断出答案为A。7注意否定和虚拟语气否定和虚拟语气是听力中的难点。句子是肯定还是否
20、定? 如果是否定，是部分否定还是全部否定? 如果没听准，理解起来就会有很大出入。如： What can we learn from the dialogue? A. The man didnt want the woman to have her hair cut. B. The woman followed the mans advice. C. The woman is wearing long hair now. 此听力的原文为： W: I wish my hair were longer. M: Yes, pity you had it cut. If only youd listen
21、ed to me. 解析：答话中If only后面的从句用的是 “had listened”，表示与过去事实相反。因此，符合题意的选项为A项8速决速断，切忌反复不定 听力测试时间短，速度快，一旦听完，就要果断选好答案，并马上准备下一题。如果处理某一个题，一下子拿不很准，这时就要相信自己的第一感觉，当机立断。考虑过多，犹豫不决，举棋不定，甚至反复修改，是听力测试的大忌，不仅本题容易失误，还会影响做后面其他题目，很不合算。实在没有把握时，蒙一个答案也行，毕竟比空着要好。 总之，高考英语听力测试是一种综合能力的测试，它会涉及到方方面面的知识，但只要你坚持训练，注意答题技巧，且充满自信，轻装上阵，你一
22、定会成功的！ 二、单项填空 做单项填空题的三个步骤：观察、分析、判断。通过对题干选项的观察发现问题；通过对题中各因素的分析认识问题；根据所学知识做出判断解决问题。解题时应特别注意以下几点：1. 正确判断句子结构现在单项填空题的题干设计向着多种句子结构形式转化，目的就是增加干扰信息。考生稍一疏忽便会落入“陷阱”。1)Whom would you like to have _ the work?A. to do B. done C. do D. doing解析：选C。此题考查 have sb do sth结构。分不清句子结构则会误选项或者项。2). Charles Babbage is gener
23、ally considered _ the first computer.A. to have inventedB. inventing C. to invent D. having invented解析：选A。consider doing表示“考虑做某事”；consider sb to do sth表示“认为”，此句用的是它的被动形式，因而有一定的迷惑性。该句用不定式的完成式做主语补足语，表示该动作先于谓语动作之前发生。3). Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way.A. itB. thatC.
24、 thisD. which解析：选D。仔细分析我们会发现这是一个包含了定语从句的句子。在定语从句中介词后指物要用关系代词which。2. 注意识别插入语4). John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as wellB. as well asC. so wellD. so well as解析：选B。该题考查副词的同级比较，这一语法现象并不难，但题中加入插入语（if not better than = if he doesnt play football better than），就加大了题干的迷惑性。3. 注意摆脱思维定势在做单项选
25、择题时，许多学生往往受到思维定势的影响，常常不假思索凭想当然来判断，忽略题干信息，结果就很容易出现错误。我们一起来看看下面这些题目。5). He did nothing _ made her angry.A. thatB. whichC. itD. but解析：选A。意思是：他没做让她生气的事情。试比较下列几句，看看它们各表示什么意思：He did nothing, _ made her angry. (which)He did nothing and _ made her angry. (it)He did nothing _ make her angry. (but)6). -“Dont
26、forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.” -“_.”A. I dontB. I wontC. I cantD. I havent解析：选B。此题易受句首dont的影响而误A。其实此句相当于Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow, will you? 祁使句的反意问句形式用will you?/ wont you?7). Im so busy that I cant help _ the work.A. do B. doingC. didD. to be doing解析：选A。因为都学过
27、cant help doing sth（禁不住做某事），所以很容易误选B。但根据语境，此题中help表示“帮助”，考查的是help (to) do sth句型。4. 注意上下文语境语境化是高考题的重要特点，考查知识点在不同语境中的运用。答题时同学门一定要结合上下文语境加以分析。8). I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please _?A. turn it on B. turn it down C. turn it up D. turn it off解析：选C。该题四个选项填入后语法上都正确，但根据上文的hardly hear这一语境可知只能选C，表
28、示把收音机音量开大些。9). -Are you still busy? -Yes, I _ my work, and it wont take long.A. just finishB. am just finishingC. have just finishedD. am just going to finish解析：选B。现在进行时可以表示将要进行的动作。根据and it wont take long可判断工作还没有结束但快要结束。10). -Has Sam finished his homework today? -I have no idea. He _ it this morning
29、.A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done解析：选C。I have no idea（我不知道）回答了上面问题，但同时有说“我今天上午看到他在来着”。这里用过去进行时表示过去某个时间段内正在进行的动作。5. 注意惯用法及固定搭配的使用11). Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _ jokes.A. turning upB. putting upC. making upD. showing up解析：选C。此题考查四个短语的意义。其中make up
30、 (jokes) 表示为：编（笑话）。12). Its the present situation in poor areas that _ much higher spending on education and training.A. answers forB. provides forC. calls forD. plans for解析：选C。call for：need; require (需要、要求)6. 注意常用词组的多义和隐蔽性的语境设置13). We didnt plan our art exhibition like that but it _ very well.A. wo
31、rked outB. tried outC. went on D. carried on解析：选A。work out有很多意义：1）计算、算出 2）解答、解决 3）设计、计划等但work out 表示develop in a specified way; turn out这种用法在中学很少见到，而英美人在口语中经常使用。14). We thought of selling this old furniture, but weve decided to _ it. It might be valuable.A. hold on toB. keep up withC. turn toD. look
32、 after解析：选A。这道题的难度很大，可以说在中学英语课本中没涉及到这一词组的用法。乍一看与hold on有点相似，其实不然。理解这道题的关键是题干的前半句以及对四个选项意义的准确把握。这里的hold on to 与hold on意义有差异。其意义为：not to sell or give sth to sb else; keep or retain sth. 例如：Id hold on to that house for the time being; house prices are rising sharply.7. 注意英汉交际方面的差异15). -Id like to invit
33、e you to dinner this Saturday, Mr Smith. -_. A. Oh, no. Lets notB. Id rather stay at homeC. Im sorry, but I have other plansD. Oh, no. Thatll be too much trouble.解析：选C。中国人在受到邀请时常先客气一番，以显示一种修养。但如果你一同样的方式应对一个西方人对你的邀请，就会让对方误以为你不愿意接受邀请而造成误解。该题C项为委婉拒绝的表达法。【单项填空】 (A)(8分钟)21. Most of the top leaders expres
34、sed a common desire at the UN conference, _ desire that different cultures _ coexist with tolerance.A. the; must B. the; should C. a; must D. a; / 22.Victor cares too much about himself. Yes. Hes never interested in what _ is doing.A. the rest B. others C. anyone else D. someone else23.According to
35、a recent survey in the US, weather forecasts _ seven days in advance are, on average, wrong half the time.A. making B. having been made C. made D. to be made24.What do you think our guests _ be doing at the moment? They may be enjoying themselves at the party. A can B must C may D should 25.Darwin _
36、 a lead in biology for more than 100 years. He would be glad if he heard an important breakthrough in the field in the past 20 years.A has taken B had taken C took D will take26. There are many visitors to her dreamlike blogs（博客）every day, _ romantic pictures go with light-hearted articles.A where B
37、 when C as D so that 27.China _ from a continuous drought. More than 10 million people _ drinking water shortage since mid-April, a top Chinese official said on Sunday.A is suffering; have faced B was suffering; had faced C suffers; have faced D suffered; would face28.Do you think Jack is to blame?
38、Yeah, it was very rude _ facial paper to the guest at the table. A throwing B for him to throw C enough to throw D of him to throw29. The two companies have _ their quarrel out of court in a friendly way, and this is what we expect to see. A solved B overcome C settled D picked 30.During my stay in
39、school, I wrote many short stories and always brought them to Mrs. Branch for _.A. appreciationB. change C. information D. instruction 31. The short boy is said _ himself for the 1500-meter race. I hope that he will be able to win this time.A. to enter B. that he will enter C. to have entered D. hav
40、ing entered 32. If I were _ younger, I would do _ Im interested in.A. some; whatever B. any; whatever C. still; what D. more; what 33. May I go and do some shopping with Aunt, Mum? No, you cannot go out _ the final exam is on the way.A. until B. unless C. as D. when 34.The young lady prefers dressin
41、g up for a party _ by others.A. to being noticed B. to be noticed C. rather than to be noticed D. rather than be noticed35. People should spare no efforts to protect the environment. _. Air pollution has become a danger to our health.A. All right B. Fine C. Go ahead D. Exactly (B) (8分钟)21. Was _ pro
42、blem solved? We were trying to think of _ way out, but it was impossible to find oneAa; theBthe; aCthe; 不填Da; a 22. May I have a glass of beer, please? Beer? Sorry, there is _ left, but would you mind having some juice instead?A. none B. no oneC. nothing D. few23. His letter was so confusing that I
43、could hardly make any _ of it. A. explanation B. meaning C. sense D. guess24. John did quite well in his exams, _ how little he studied.A. considerB. consideringC. considered D. to consider25. If you had not wasted too much time playing PC games in the past two years, it _easier for you to review th
44、e lessons now.A. had to beB. should beC. would be D. would have been26. - My flight _ . Id better be on my way. Goodbye. - Bye. Happy landing! A. was announced B. is being announced C. has announced D. is announced27. Greece emerged as one of last years hottest travel destinations, and this summer _
45、 to be even hotter.A. turns B. promises C. remains D. proves28.As is well known, Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom while the rest of the Ireland Island _ the Republic of Ireland. A. makes up B. takes up C. holds up D. brings up29. Why! Where is the key to the meeting room? Can I have le
46、ft it in the taxi? Dear me! You anything in the taxi!A. had never leftB. have never leftC. would never leave D. never leave30. I have the same opinion as you _ the privacy of ones life should be kept secret.A. that B. which C. whether D. where31. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voic
47、e _ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute32.Being examined twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, it is the rule that every driver _ obey in this city. A. shall B. can C. has to D. need33. I wonder why you wont do it as _ and its the third time you _ so. A
48、. I told you; do B. be told; have done C. told to; have done D. told; do34. I put him down for a well-educated man. _? I mean that hes a well-educated man. A. I beg your pardon B. Speak louder, will youC. Whats that D. Will you repeat word for word35._ the right decisions _ the future is probably th
49、e most important thing well ever do in our lives. A. Making; concerned B. Make; concerning C. To make; concerned D. Making; concerning三、完形填空完形填空就是在一篇语意完整的短文中有目的地制造一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个题的备选项做出尽可能合理的分析、判断，从中选出正确答案或最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空的准确率呢？大家应遵从以下三个步骤:（一）、研读首
50、句，通览全文，抓准主旨完形填空是一篇意思完整、结构严谨的文章，考生做题时要整体把握。所以应首先通读全文，掌握文章大意，从整体上把握文章脉络、结构，理解作者的观点、态度，为下一步做题打好基础。有的同学或是急于求成，总想一步到位，或是由于原文设置空格所造成的理解障碍，担心通读文章时不但抓不住大意反而浪费时间，未通览全文即边读边填，结果是就句论句，无法形成连贯的思路，或见木不见林，理解偏离文章的中心，欲速则不达。大家首先要克服不良心理，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注重把握文章的整体内容，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句。开始阅读时可能会有模模糊糊，类似钻山洞的感觉，此时千万不可半途而废；再往下读，
51、文意会逐渐显露 ，读完全文心里往往会有豁然开朗之感。另外，要重视文章首句的作用，一般情况下，首句不设空格，这就为大家窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口。通过文章的首句大家可以对文章进行比较准确的定位。另外，大家要给文章准确定位，不仅要重视文章的首句，有时注意一下文章的结尾，首尾联系起来，对文章的定位会更准确。抓住文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就起不到作用了。2005 全国试卷A首句为： One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a
52、restaurant, waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive. 从这句话中我们可以获知事情发生在我最喜欢去的饭店里。所以下文中第41、42、43、45、46题就可以根据这个信息而轻易得出正确的答案。When the waiter brought my 41 the man was clearly puzzled by the 42 way in which the waiter and I 43 each other. He seemed even more puzzled as 44 went on and it became 45 tha
53、t all the waiter in the restaurant knew me. Finally he got up and went into the 46 .41. A. menu B. bill C. paper D. food42. A. direct B. familiar C. strange D. funny43. A. chatted with B. looked at C. laughed at D. talked about44. A. the waiter B. time C. I D. the dinner45. A. true B. hopeful C. cle
54、ar D. possible46. A. restaurant B. washroom C. office D. kitchen答案为：D B A B C D（二）、细读全文，注重语境，试选答案有的考生在做完形填空题时，一看到一些自己比较熟悉的语法结构，如句子、短语等，便不假思索地去选，对特定的语境不去作深入的理解，导致定势思维错误。事实上，从NMET完形填空的出题特点看，其干扰项的设置均与语法结构错误无关，重在文意的干扰，这是出题者近几年始终坚持的方向。NMET完形填空每个题的四个选项并不是一种单纯的词汇辨析，因为从语法的角度看每个选项都是正确的。因此是否能恰如其分地传达文意才是选择正确答案
55、或最佳答案的唯一标准，要吃透文意，理解到位，大家应做到以下几点：1. 注意上下文的内在联系断章取义，就题论题，忽视上下文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。考生在做完形填空的过程中，应学会边读边在大脑中储藏上下文的信息。信息提示有时出现在前面，有时出现在后面。如：2005 全国试卷A“Well, its really 54 I came to a restaurant where Im known” I said, “ 55 ”, I might have in trouble.54. A. a pity B. natural C. a chance D. lucky55. A. Thus B. Ho
56、wever C. Otherwise D. Therefore根据短文前面的信息,他此时应该感到幸运,不然就会有麻烦了. 故答案为D 和 C 2. 注意英汉两种语言的差异，不能简单地互译出题者深知学生在英语学习过程中的弱点，往往从母语的角度设置干扰项来增加试题难度，考查学生的基本功和灵活运用能力，所以在平常的学习中，要逐渐培养自己的语感，不要受母语的影响。It started socially a few calls each day. It seemed (fine) 39 , just a quick chat. Gradually though, the (situation) 40 g
57、ot worse. Soon it was 41 use, until, finally, addiction. （2004全国卷）41.A. frequentB. regularC. unusualD. particular本题如果仅凭汉语思维经常用电话，很容易误选B, regular虽然也有经常的的意思，但侧重指固定的，有规律的，不是一个贬义词。因此此处表示最后作者打电话上瘾之前，打电话是一种频繁的行为，含有贬义，因此用频繁的，表示行为过火，答案为A。 3. 研读细节，准确认定语境用学生平日常见的固定搭配来干扰学生对具体语境的认定，利用定势思维来增强试题的诱惑性。如：I called th
58、e owner of the restaurant and asked what the man had 48 .A. wanted B. tried C. ordered D. wished本题仅看表面的语境，很容易误选C。因为事情发生在饭店里,考生可能会认为我想知道那人要了什么饭菜.但仔细推敲语境，此处我没有必要关心他吃了什么,而是感觉这个人行为奇怪,所以我想知道他要干什么,所以答案为 A 又如:2005 北京卷 I just heard you tell an old story of gift giving and unselfish love in your program. You
59、 doubted that such unselfish love would happen in todays world. Well, Im here to give you 36 . 36. A. hope B. advice C. support D. courage这四个选项都可以和前面的give 连用,但根据前文所给的信息, “you doubted that”, 以及下文的感人的故事, 说明人间的确有真情在., 所以此处应该选hope.4. 发挥逻辑思维能力，挖掘文章寓意、隐意近几年NMET完形填空以叙事为主，有时加入一定的议论和说明，内容贴近生活，表层意思易于理解，所以很容易给
60、学生造成一种假象，产生轻敌心理，有些同学做完一篇完形填空以后，自我感觉不错，但一对答案错很多，原因是这些同学仅仅理解了文章的表层含义，而忽略了其深层含义。事实上，NMET完形填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意，具备深层探询的可能性。这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义，还要挖掘出文章的深层含义，做到表里一致。如： 52 laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show (pleasure) 53 , but what I was feeling was
61、 pure happiness.52. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I 本题要求根据事情发展的逻辑关系来判定答案。答案是C, 此处叙述作者的作文给全班同学带来欢乐的过程，先是有人发笑，最后全班同学大笑，逻辑通顺。5. 结合生活常识判断At first, everyone on the team got 38 playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the 39 started. Some parents, who
62、had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have 40 one on one training, got angry when she didnt give them more playing time in our 41 . The coach was replaced. （2004北京高考） 38. A. greatB. equalC. rightD. extra 39. A. businessB. struggleC. attemptD. pressure 40. A. freeB. privateC. goodD. basic
63、 41. A. matchesB. coursesC. lessonsD. programs本文介绍作者（一个少年女子足球队员）踢足球的经历。一开始，我们得到平等的（38）踢球时间；然后当我们的队获得联赛冠军以后，怎样呢？结合生活常识判断，应是有了压力（39）。后面父母贿赂教练干什么呢？根据生活常识判断，应该是让自己的孩子得到开小灶的机会，因此40应选B, private私人的。41应选A. 父母生气是因为贿赂没有起作用，也就是在我们的比赛中，他们的女儿没有得到更多的上场比赛的时间。（三）、复核全文，弥补疏漏, 确保最佳NMET完形填空所选文章都堪称精品，其逻辑必是上下贯通，其脉络也必是自然有
64、序，令人信服。因此，做完一篇完形填空以后，大家对文章的线索、脉络以及主旨、寓意等心里也应该有一种很明朗的感觉；如果做完以后，还是似懂非懂，犹如雾里看花，那就证明你对文章的把握还有问题，还要复读全文，仔细推敲并验证答案。大家可以从文章的内在逻辑入手，回味一下，看所选答案是否经得起推敲，是否能自然融入整个语篇，如果有游离于文章主旨之外或与整篇文章的逻辑相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。有的同学做完完形填空以后，不加核查便草草收场 ，结果让很明显的错误从眼前跳过，造成考场上不应有的遗憾。另外,考生考试时的良好的心态也是做好完形填空的关键. 我们在做完形填空时应该做到: 不急不躁, 不厌不惧, 成竹
65、在胸, 冷静答题.四、阅读理解对阅读理解能力的测试是英语考试中必不可少的测试项目，主要考查学生对于不同体裁或不同题材语言材料的理解能力，以及通过材料的阅读，对材料中信息的捕获能力。一般来说，高考“阅读理解题”部分的五篇短文涵盖了记叙文、说明文和应用文等多种体裁，涉及到人物、故事、社会、文化、政治、经济、科普、新闻和广告等多种题材。题型设计，大致可以分为以下几种题型： A. 事实询问题； B. 推理判断题； C. 数据推算题； D. 识图解意题； E. 主旨大意题； F. 常识题 ; G. 猜词、指代题（一）解题步骤: 一般而言，有两种方法： PassageQuestionsPassage ;
66、QuestionsPassageQuestions 。1P-Q-P 即先读文章，然后再查阅文章解答问题。这是常见的阅读方式。它的特点是有利于整体把握文章的主旨和作者的态度。但是速度比较慢。2Q-P-Q 即先看一遍问题，然后带着问题有针对性地查找阅读文章。阅读时把注意力放在与问题直接相关的关键词语上，一旦找到所需要的信息，就立即停止扫描式的阅读，然后仔细地阅读相关部分后答题。适合广告、信息类文章的阅读，可节省时间。两种方法各有利弊，因人而异，考生可按照自己平时的习惯选择阅读步骤。（二）解题技巧：1事实询问题 此类题型的问题以what、who、which、when、where、how或者why等词
67、引导，就文中某句、某段或某一具体细节进行提问并要求考生回答。 做好此类题的要领是：1.明确题意，顺藤摸瓜。2.按照要求，寻找答案来源。3.找准关键词，明白其暗示作用。4.正确使用排除法,考生根据短文后面的问题，确定所需查找的细节及事实的范围，然后利用略读手法快速确定文中的出处，并对其进行转换、加工，直至确定最佳答案。一般说来，含有绝对性词语（all, no等）的选项要排除。此类题考生要确保不失分。注意点：查找要细致，注意提干的内容及选项与原文的内涵、外延是否一致，是否表达的意思准确、相同 。如：周练（27）阅读理解D 篇第70题：If you give a large book as a gi
68、ft , it may show that _. A. you enjoy reading and will be successful in writing . B. the receiver is interested in reading and hopes to be a writer . C. you want to share with others a certain feeling D. you are more interested in the appearance than in its contents . 解析：A、B选项文中没有依据，为自身的观点，故不可以选。不少同
69、学选择了C项，根据常识及文中“Giving a book can be a way of sharing a feeling or newly learn meaning .但未注意到题干中Large一词，及文中“If you happen to receive a large ,heavy book , its giver may be much more interested in the way things appear than in the way they actually are ”。故正确答案为D。2推理判断题 既要求考生透过文章表面信息推测隐含意思，又要求考生对作者的态度、
70、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。这类试题常以如下句式发问： *What can you conclude from this passage？ *Whats the authors attitude towards.？ *We can infer from the passage that. *It can be inferred from the text that _.*From the text we know that _. *The story implies that _. *The paragraph following t
71、he passage will most probably be _*The writers attitude towardis _. 做好此类题的要点：在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。推理判断题属于主观性极强的高层次阅读理解题, 做这类题目时，要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。注意点： (1) 不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点；(2) 推理的根据来自于上下文。如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却未涉及，那属于主观
72、臆断的结论，不属于正确答案。(3) 如果某选项所表达的内容虽在文章中提到，但很片面或不完整，也不属于正确答案。(4) 文中的虚拟语气、某些过渡词（例如，however, but ,on the contrary ,whats more ）后面所表达的内容往往能反映作者的观点和态度。 如：二模阅读理解A篇第58题，What can you infer from the passage ? 许多同学选择了D：It is the Spanish hunters not greyhounds that should be punished . 此句话是读后自己的看法、观点，并非文意，作者只是重点介绍了
73、a kind of deaththe typewriting death as a punishment for being a bad Spanish greyhound .故不可选此项。正确答案为A：The typewriting death is the cruelest of all as it is a slow death .从文中语句中可推断到。再如：二模阅读理解E篇第75题：How does the author feel about the situation in Europe ? A. Interested B. Cheerful C. Easy D. Worried 由
74、文中语句：“Whats even more scary is that 3 million is almost certainly an underestimate ”及其它相关语句，可确定选D项。3数据推算题 此题要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时： 1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。 2.弄清众多信息中哪些属于有用信息，哪些属于干扰信息。 3.要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。 如：南通二模第67题：. Which of the following is true?A. Parks worked for Vogue m
75、agazine for about 10 years.B. Life is an excellent film that Parks directed.C. Parks was given an award for his autobiography.D.Parks wanted to own a tool shop when young. 解析：从这两小节的数据中可算出。答案是A。Parks was born Nov. 30, 1912, in Fort Scott, the youngest of 15 children. In his 1990 autobiography, “Voice
76、s in the Mirror,” he remembered it as a world of racism and poverty, but also a world where his parents gave their children love, discipline and religious faith. He went through a series of jobs as a teen and young man, including piano player and railroad dining car waiter. The breakthrough came whe
77、n he was about 25, when he bought a used camera in a pawn shop for $7.50. He became a freelance fashion photographer. A year later he went to Vogue magazine and then to Life in 1948.4识图解意题 此类插图题型是通过图解、地图或插图的形式，形象化地表现信息，用以降低试题的难度，是短文和题目不可缺少的组成部分。在做此类题时，要求学生一定要：1.把文章与图示结合起来，图文互相参照、互相验证。 2.若是地图，则要做到方位明
78、确。具备一定的地理知识。 3.要正确理解文中方位介词及有关信息词的重要意义。 5主旨大意题 此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。这类试题常以如下句式发问：*What is the main idea/topic/theme/subject/point of this passage？ *What does the passage mainly talk bout/deal with ？ *What does the writer want/intend to tell us？ *Which point of view may the author agree to ?*W
79、hich is the best title for this article？ 做好此类题的关键：1）.寻找主题句（Topic Sentence）。主题句是概括全段思想的句子，每段的主题句往往为第一句或最后一句（有时也可不直接出现）。它一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意，文意的延伸、情节的发展都在主题句的引导下进行的。它表达的是观点，而不是事实。查找时应先通读全文，再进行归纳概括。 2）. 留意由in summary , in a word , as a result, in short, in conclusion ，in brief等“信号词”引导的句子。注意点：需将全文主题和段落主题、全
80、文中心意思与某一特定情节含义区分开来。所选标题应为突出重心、概括全面的，不能以某段段意而取代。不能范围太大或太笼统。如：考前强化训练（6）阅读理解A篇第4题The author writes this article in order to _.不少同学选择A：tell us that it isnt good to keep feelings inside 。错误原因就是太片面，这是文章最后几段表达的内容，前几段表达了：It isnt always wise to express our feelings without controlling .因此，需将全文综合考虑，D项：make us
81、 deal with feelings in a wise way 全面地概括了全文内容，才是正确选项。6经验常识题 此类题主要是考查中学生应有的多项综合知识，包括：社会知识、天文知识、史地知识、科普知识及对生活常识的主观掌握程度。此类题往往与文章没有直接关系，学生只能凭自己的常识进行判断，然后做出正确的、符合这些规律的选择。7猜词、指代题 此类题主要测试考生以下两种能力：根据上下文推测和判断生词或短语在阅读材料中的含义；根据上下文判断代词it ,this ,he 和they 等的指代关系。这类试题常以如下句式发问：*The underlined word / phrase “”in Para
82、graph 2 most probably means _.*By “”, the author means _. *The word “”in paragraph 3 is close in meaning to _.*“They ” in paragraph 1 most probably refers to _. *The word “that” in Line 3 stands for _.*The word “”could best be replaced by _.常见解题方法：1）同义解释法：注意that is (to say ), in other words ,or , na
83、mely ,that means 等过渡词引出的同义解释；或利用破折号、同位语、定语从句等进行的解释或下定义。 Modern medicine began with the stethoscope, a medical tool used for listening to the movements of a persons lungs and his heart-beats. (听诊器) 2）. 因果推断法 ：借助因果词语because , as , since , for , so , thus , as a result , of course , therefore , so/such
84、 that 等加以猜测。 The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow. （混浊） 3）前后对比法： 根据反义词或反义关系进行猜测。注意but, however, notbut, on the other hand ,rather than, on the contrary, although, while, yet, unlike, instead of 等表示转折意义的连词，其前后在语意上有着明显的对比关系，通过这种对比关系的分析，将它的词义推出来。 Though
85、 Jacks face has been washed clean, his neck still remains grubby. （dirty污秽的）Most of us agreed; however, Bill , dissented. （disagree , 不同意见）4）类属分析法：由and , not only but also , besides , similarly , likewise , in the same way 等词引出的相同或类似的意思。 The dromedary , like all other desert animals , can go for lon
86、g periods of time without drinking water . (一种沙漠里的动物，单峰骆驼)5）举例说明法：根据such as , suchas , like , for example , for instance 等列举的事物加以猜测词意。 Children like such creatures as dogs and monkeys . (由dogs, monkeys可知，动物)6）. 基本构词法：（ 前缀 prefix; 后缀 suffix ）However, most of our ideas about the future are really very
87、 short-sighted. （无远见的）7）. 常识背景法 Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming . (2005福建高考) （taking in 吸收） 8）. 语境理解法：“The web of our life is of a mingled yarn (纱线)，good and ill together .” ( 2005 江苏高考) （mixed 混合）解答指代题时要特别关注指代词所在位置前
88、后的句子，认真阅读相关语句。 【阅读理解】( 1 )Now , it is time to realize that animals have the same right to life as we do and that there is nothing fair or right about a person with a gun shooting the harmless and beautiful creatures. The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building , but we know that
89、to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy .If , as they would have you believe , gun-carrying and killing improve human character,thenperhapsweshouldencouragewar. . (2004江苏高考卷)1The underlined word “agony ”in the last paragraph probably means_. A. form B. con
90、dition C. pain D. sadness ( 2 )Finally , although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they dont regret their choice of study . (2004全国卷)2. The underlined word “land ” in the last par
91、agraph probably means _. A. keep for some time B. successfully get C. immediately start D. lose regretfully ( 3 ) Being considered a leader in our society is indeed of high praise . Leadership means power, commands , respect and , most important , encourages achievement . Unlike vitamin C, leadershi
92、p skills cant be easily swallowed down .They must be carefully cultivated . (2005广东卷) 3. The underline word “cultivated ” roughly means _ . A. encouraged B. compared C. examined D. developed ( 4 ) Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of prob
93、lem , often over fairly long periods of time .Indeed , it would be strange if they had not done this . Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. . (2005 天津高考卷)4What
94、 does the underline word “this ” refer to ? A. Great contributions to the society . B. Long-time study of the subject matter C. Various statements about problem solving D. Complete devotion to artistic creation （5 ） We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled l
95、abor . Because of this , most people think that craft (手艺) no longer exists.One of the ways these people wrongly support their view is by pointing to 100-year-old homes which are still solid , and arguing that it is the craftsmanship that is responsible for their durability (持久性). “Homes in those da
96、ys were well-built, ”they say . No doubt these homes were well-built , but what these people have done is mix up the quality of material used in the house with the quality of the craftsmanship . (2004 浙江高考卷)5What does the underlined word “they ” refer to ? A. Carpenters who are fond of oak stairways
97、 . B. Carpenters who have college degrees . C. People who think highly of carpenters of old D. People who think that modern material is of low quality ( 6 )Work stress levels lower in UKUK workers are among the least stressed in Europe, a survey has suggested.Just 20% of British workers found their
98、workplace too stressful compared with an average of 27% across Europe.Switzerland and Sweden suffered the highest levels of anxiety in their job (33%), the survey by global recruitment(招募) agency Kelly Services found.The poll of 19,000 people across 12 countries also found that male workers, older s
99、taff and those in steady jobs were under the greatest pressure.A certain amount of stress is inevitable and can be a good thing when it pushes people beyond their comfort zone to work harder and smarter, said Steve Girdler, marketing director of Kelly Services UK.But high levels of prolonged stress
100、are not good because they have an effect on productivity(生产效率) and are associated with physical and emotional illness, he warned. The group also found stress increased significantly with age - rising from 19% in the 15-24 age group to 23% for those aged 45 and above.The report suggested these worker
101、s could also be suffering from added stress at home and increased responsibility. Those working the longest hours found their job the most stressful - 18% for those working 30 hours or less, 34% for those clocking on for 41-50 hours, and 50% for those working longer than 51 hours. Kelly Services als
102、o uncovered a close link between stress and job satisfaction. For those workers who said they faced too much stress, just 28% were happy in their jobs, while for those with just the right amount of stress happiness levels jumped to 65%.The findings suggest staff enjoy jobs where they face challenges
103、 that push them to learn new skills.6. The underlined word “inevitable” in Paragraph 5 means_. （猜词题 ） A. unreasonable B. unnecessary C. unavoidable D. unexpected7. How many British workers surveyed found their workplace “too stressful”? (数据推算题) A. 5130. B. 6270. C. 3610. D. 3800. 8. Which of the fol
104、lowing is NOT true according to the passage? （事实询问题）A. Stress is of no benefit to workers at all, whether young or old. B. Long term of high stress may result in various sicknesses.C. The longer a worker works, the more stressed he will beD. The older a worker is, the more stress he will have to fac
105、e9. The purpose of writing the passage is _. （主旨大意题）A. to offer practical tips on reducing working stressB. to find the link between stress and job satisfactionC. to seek ways to reduce the workers working stressD. to report the result of a recent survey in Europe ( 7 ) On July 16th 1995, a new book
106、store opened in the American city of Seattle. No one steps inside to buy anything. Yet, the store, if you could call it that, had sales last year of 7000 million dollars. Ten years ago, few people bought things over the Internet. Few thought it was safe. A changed many peoples minds. Ten years later
107、, an estimated seven out of ten American adults have used a computer to buy something. Market researchers at ComScore Networks estimate online spending last year at 117,000 million dollars. That was for goods and travel services. The person who started Amazon, Jeff Bezos remains its leader. In the 1
108、990s, he urged employees to help Amazon get big fast. Yet, Amazon invested in many similar businesses that failed. Amazon lost plenty of money. It did not make a profit until 2003. Its most recent profit and earnings report released last week was better than many market watchers had expected.Today p
109、eople can buy not just books and music but also many other products through Amazon. It competes with eBay, which celebrates its 10th birthday in September. eBay calls itself the worlds online marketplace. It does not sell anything. Instead, it provides a way for others to sell goods and services. Pe
110、ople who want to buy something make competing offers through online auctions. eBay has grown to include several other businesses. These include Paypal, a company that processes online payments.As online sellers grew, traditional stores saw the future. Today, stores from the smallest to the biggest s
111、ell on the Internet. These include the biggest of all, Wal-Mart.10.What is the correct relationship between A(A), eBay(B) and Paypal(P)?（识图解意题） A AA BB PP BAPBBBP A. B. C. D. 11. A and eBay are different in that _. （事实询问题）A. one sells something while the other doesntB. one is making profits while th
112、e other isnt C. one was opened 10 years earlier than the otherD. one operates online but the other doesnt12. We can infer from the passage that_. （推理判断题）A. A has been making profits for ten yearsB. traditional bookstores are wondering at their futuresC. Wal-Mart is among the largest online storesD.
113、online shopping tends to be larger and easier13. The passage is most likely to be _. （判断文体题、常识题） A. an economics report B. an entertainment report C. a political report D. a cultural report ( 8 )At Dallas/ Fort Worth Airport, the lights are controlled by sensors that measure sunlight. They dim immed
114、iately when its sunny and brighten when a passing cloud blocks the sun.A wall of windows at a University of Pennsylvania engineering building has built-in blinds(百叶窗) controlled by a computer program that follows the suns path.Buildings are getting smarterand the next generation of building material
115、s is expected to do even more.Windows could catch the suns energy to heat water. Sensors that measure the carbon dioxide breathed out by people in a room could determine whether the air conditioning needs to be turned up.Many new materials and technology have been designed in the last 15 years. They
116、 are now being used in a wave of buildings designed to save as much energy as possible. They include old ideas, like “green roofs,” where a belt of plants on a roof helps the building keep heat in winter and stay cool in summer, and new ideas, like special coating for windows that lets light in, but
117、 keeps heat out.As technologies such as sensors become cheaper, their uses spread.The elevators(电梯) at Seven World Trade Center, which is under construction in New York, use a system that groups people traveling to nearby floors into the same elevator, thus saving elevator stops. People who work in
118、the building will enter it by swiping(刷) ID cards that will tell the elevators their floor; readouts will then tell them which elevator to use. The building also has windows with a coating that blocks heat while letting in light.More new building materials and technology are in development. A Philad
119、elphia building firm is now working on “smart wrap” that uses tiny solar collectors to catch the suns energy and transmitters(传输器) the width of a human hair to move it. They are expected to change the face of the construction industry in the next ten years or so. (2005湖南高考卷)14. _ will be developed a
120、nd used in the construction industry. （事实询问题）A. “Green roofs” that cool or heat buildingsB. “Smart wrap” that catches the suns energyC. Sunlight-measuring sensors that control lightsD. Window coating that lets light in, but keeps heat out 15. The elevators at Seven World Trade Center are special bec
121、ause they can _（事实询问题）A. send people to floors with fewer stopsB. teach people how to use their ID cardsC. make people stay very cool in summerD. help people go traveling in the building16. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to _. （指代题 ）A. a human hair B. smart wrapC. the suns ene
122、rgy D. a transmitter17. What might be the most suitable title for the text? （主旨大意题）A. Buildings Are Becoming SmarterB. Buildings Are Getting More SunlightC. Buildings Are Lacking in Much EnergyD. Buildings Are Using Cheaper Materials 五、对话填空2006年江苏卷有适当变化，用对话填空题型代替短文改错题，它要求考生在了解一段对话的基础上根据首字母拼写出这个单词的适当
123、形式，既考对话理解又考单词拼写。对话填空题型要求考生在语境中填词，试卷中没有专门考单词的，这个题型在填补空白的同时还考查了学生的阅读能力。其次，对提高学生说的能力会有间接的促进作用，因为对话一般都是口语体裁，往往是围绕一个话题展开的，其中不乏体现语言功能的词汇、习惯表达和有关句型。考生在解题时务必注意以下几点：1 首先通读对话全文，掌握对话大意，尤其要弄清对话所涉及的话题；2 根据首字母和上下文确定最有把握的词汇，避免从单个句子出发确定答案；例如：When I go on holidays, I like to get plenty of e_. I dont like sitting aro
124、und and doing nothing . What I mean is that Im the sort of man who enjoys swimming, water skiing 有些同学填entertainment如果单独看第一句，当然是正确的，但是从上下文来看，最佳答案应是exercise3 有些空格可能会不止一个答案，考生应从若干同类词汇中选择最适合对话情景和语境的词汇。尤其注意判断说话人的态度和语气。例如：F_, instead of reading a passage many times use pre-reading and post-reading strateg
125、ies. First和Finally似乎都可以，但上文中已有关联词first, second,根据语境这里应填Finally.4 最后确定所填词汇的词性、单复数、时态和语态等形式是否正确、完整。在最近一个月的对话填空练习中，同学们出现了很多由于基础语法知识薄弱而导致的错误请改正下列单词的错误：*they both have strange habbits. 订正：_ _*I might have a hard time find a job *What if you dont success? *Unfortunatly, it doesnt pay us as much as *he wan
126、ted everyone move to cry *its very important to make preparation before you go abroad *meets a mysterious woman dressing in white *you might both have been catched and killed *aviod the rush hour *I think you dialed the wrong number *you are slimer than before *Lacking of exercise lead to my gaining
127、 weight 5 再读全文，确定全篇对话主题完整，语意清楚。这个步骤是不可忽视的,它能帮助我们避免不少不该发生的错误。【对话填空】 （A）阅读下面对话，掌握其大意，并根据所给首字母的提示，在标有题号的右边横线上写出一个英语单词的完整、正确形式，使对话通顺。W: Look. Heres a job that might (1) i_ you.M: What is it? W: Well, look. It says they want a sales (2) m_. Its a big (3) i_ company. Thatd be good. You might get to travel
128、 to many other countries.M: What kind of company is it, though?W: Um, lets see. Yes, its a (4) c_ company that seems to bring in clothes from (5) a_. Oh, look! They give you a car to travel around. Gosh! Thats not bad, is it?M: Um, do they say anything else?W: Um, lets see. Yes, youd better have at
129、least two years work (6) e_. And they want someone young and (7) e_. Oh yes, they want (8) g_, so thats OK youve had a university degree.M: There must be some trick.W: No, the only thing is that you have to travel. Oh, and you have to be able to (9)g_ on well with other people because it says you ha
130、ve to be good on a team.M: Um, perhaps Ill be (10) s_ for it.(1) _ _(2) _ _(3) _ _(4) _ _(5) _ _(6) _ _(7) _ _(8) _ _(9) _ _(10) _ _ （B）Amy:Dr Blare, please tell us something about blindness.Dr:Blindness affects about 45 million people around the world, (1) m (1) _ _in poor countries. The good news
131、is that 80 per cent of the (2) c (2) _ _of blindness can be (3) c . But the bad news is that many people (3) _ _dont have the money for (4) m treatment. (4) _ _Amy:How does ORBIS help?Dr:ORBIS uses a (5) f eye hospital to visit poor countries. On the (5) _ _plane, volunteer doctors perform (6) o . W
132、e also use the plane (6) _ _as a teaching center.Amy:Dr Brown, you said you work on a plane. Why (7) d you work (7) _ _in a hospital?Dr:Many of our patients are so poor that they can (8) h pay for the (8) _ _money needed for being treated in hospital, so we have to go to them.We need to work more qu
133、ickly. Its much (9) h to work here than (9) _ _in a hospital. But we can help people see again. Im (10) p that I (10) _ _can help so many people. 六、书面表达“书面表达”是考察考生综合运用英语能力的一种题型，根据其一般规律，它要求考生根据所给情景和要求写一篇书面材料，做到内容符合所给的情景和要求，文理通顺。206年作文词数要求由100个词提高到120词左右的变化，使学生的答题难度增加，但这20个词的增加应该是由“增加想象和发挥的空间”的要求引来的，只
134、要我们训练到位，理应不成问题。具体则从以下四个方面去考虑、着手：一 读题，明确要求，做好必要的准备工作。高考的书面表达，题材较多，有给文字背景材料的，有看图作文的，还有两者皆而有之的。对于文字背景材料，考生要仔细阅读，看懂题目要求，并对材料进行必要的分析。文字材料中有的是有用信息，有的是无用信息。有用信息要作为要点写进作文。二 组织，进行必要的语言准备。读题工作结束后，考生要就提供的信息或画面进行语言上的组织。这一环节非常重要，对“书面表达”的流畅和符合逻辑举足轻重。三 转换，进入实质性的语言加要阶段。要做好这一阶段的工作，关键是掌握这么几条原则：句型有变化，长短句结合，讲究简明扼要，摒弃繁琐
135、复杂，意思混浊不清。这一阶段是得分最终高低的关键所在。因此，除了掌握以上重要的原则外，还应在具体操作中注意选择正确的主语人称和动词的时态，多用贴切的固定短语，尽量使用自己“拿手”的句子，经常留意句子的语法是否符合要求。从更高要求来说，用英语思维并一气呵成地完成书面表达是最佳方法，这是上上策。但对于大多数英语水平尚未达到这一步的考生来说，转换过程中进行有效的控制是非常必要的。只有进行这样的控制，才能有效地控制错误的发生，从而少扣分，多得分。四 检查，“书面表达”的最后一道工序。最后一道工序意味着一旦稍有疏忽，很难再弥补，也就无法挽回。因此，仔细认真地检查对于最终的得分是十分重要的。在检查过程中应
136、注意以下几个方面：信息点是否完整，有没有遗漏。根据评分标准，遗漏信息点是要扣大分的(23分)。细致小心，一一检查，确保无一遗漏。语法正确。语法包括两个方面：一是词法；二是句法。词法方面主要检查时态、语态、主谓一致、冠词、名词单复数和词语搭配等。句法方面主要检查是否使用一些熟悉句型，特别是尽力使用简单句这一原则贯彻得如何。总之，要做好“书面表达”是一件并非容易的事情，它需要平时的积累，需要考生在平时的英语学习中加强训练，以求水到渠成之功。当然，考前的归纳和总结也十分重要，因为它往往起着事半功倍的效果。 应注意的几个问题一、 要点全高考英语书面表达题都是根据内容和表达给分的，因此要点是否齐全，直接
137、影响考生能否得高分。考虑书面表达写作要点时，不该写的尽量不写，因为言多必失，因此要适当发挥，而不要无限制地发挥。二、 语法正在写书面表达时，每一个句子都要尽可能避免语法错误，考生们通常在下列语法方面最易出错。1) 句型错误例：There were hundreds of students couldnt go to school because they were poor.(改为Hundreds，此句不要用 There be) The book makes us be interested in music.(此处要去掉be) The noise made us couldnt concen
138、trate on our studies. ( made us unable to concentrate on)2) 动词错误a. 缺谓语 例：They all against the plan. (加are)b. 搭配错误 fix ones attention to sth./doing sth. (to 应改为 on)c.时态错误高考书面表达题通常都考查时态，而每一个特定时间背景下的时态都是相同的，比如介绍人物和单位的现状，应以一般现在时为主。介绍其过去情况，应以一般过去时为主。日记的写作应以一般过去时为主，通知的写作应以一般现在时为主，千万不能随心所欲或者不假思索地使用时态，造成大面积
139、失分。d.语态错误汉语被动色彩不浓厚，因此不少场合考生易受汉语的习惯影响，记不得使用被动语态。例：He remembered his wallet had lost in the bus. (加 been)有时不该用被动语态，不少考生却用了被动语态。例：The matter was happened two years ago. (去掉was)不少基础较差的考生喜欢在行为动词前加动词be。例：I am think that Ill learn how to use a computer. (去掉am)3) 主谓一致错误例：Every student in our class study ver
140、y hard. (改为studies) The Chinese is a hard-working people. (改为 are )4) 冠词错误冠词属小词，很多考生不重视冠词，实际上冠词用错了也影响表达。例：We visited many buildings in the city such as library, laboratory and teaching building.(libraries, laboratories and teaching buildings.)三、 表达准考生做书面表达题时，要使用正确的、地道的语言。不能使用生涩难懂或不符合英语表达习惯的语言，考生常犯的语
141、言错误有下列几种：1. 英语单词堆砌法有的考生在写英语句子时，不会使用准确的英语，而根据汉语的句子顺序用相应的英语单词堆砌成英语句子。例：误：Welcome you come to our school to visit.正：Youre welcome to visit our school.2. “Chinglish”表达法很多考生写英语短文时易受汉语习惯影响，所写句子虽然语法正确，却是不符合英语表达习惯的中式英语。例：误：My height is 180 centimeters and my body is healthy.正：Im 180 centimeters tall and Im
142、healthy.3. 难词解释法不少考生平时不注重记忆必要的单词，写作时碰到生词就绕道走，最后只好用解释法、定义法来说明，结果语言生涩难懂，文意错乱，表达不畅。例：误：Mr Li is good at teaching. He has many ways of teaching his students.正：Mr Li is good at teaching. He has many teaching methods.四、 结构整所谓结构整，就是要求考生在初学写作时要用完整的简单句将句意表达清楚，就是要把握好两个关系：完整不等于一定要用复杂的句子。考生一味追求新、奇、难、，很容易出差错。例：误
143、：It is not only the boy but also his parents are kind to others.正：Not only the boy but also his parents are kind to others.简单不等于一定用省略句。考生在不可省略的地方省略，结构就不完整，句意就不明确。例：误：He doesnt know what and how to do it.正：He doesnt know what to do and how to do it.五、 逻辑顺不少考生在写英语短文时，完全根据材料前后顺序，将所给内容一一译成英语，或者虽有变化，但文意仍
144、不通顺。这两种情况都会使得短文前后不连贯，层次不清晰，逻辑性不强。因此，考生应认真思考所给材料，找到短文表达的主旨文意及线索，然后在文意及线索引导下，将短文内容顺畅地表达出来。为了增加文章的可续性，考生应学会使用and , so, then , at the same time , on one hand , on the other hand , besides , whats more, moreover, therefore, in that case , Im afraid, I think等表示过渡及连接的词汇，这样就可以有效地增强文章的可读性，增加文章的感情色彩。六、 卷面洁考生写
145、好作文后，应认真修改，避免大小写及标点符号错误，誊写时应尽可能书写工整，布局美观，卷面漂亮、整洁，这会增加得高分的机会。注意到以上这些，就能够写出高质量的文章。附： 书面表达一例可持续发展已成为全球共识，如何实行可持续发展是摆在世人面前的重大课题。请就下面表格所提供的内容进行陈述并谈谈你的看法。目前的状况1 自然资源日趋枯竭2 环境问题依然严重3 人的环保观念淡薄4 贫富差距越来越大已采取的做法1制定了相关的法律法规2投入大量资金改善环境3对民众进行普及性教育4加强了国际间相互合作你的看法注意：1.不要逐条翻译。 2.文章的开头部分已给 3.可适当发挥。 4.词数：120左右。One poss
146、ible version:The idea of sustainable development has been accepted by the world. How to keep sustainable development is a big problem facing our planet.The present situation is worrying. First, natural resources are becoming more and more scarce. Second, as some people are not aware of the importanc
147、e of the environmental protection, the problems with it remain extremely serious to some degree. The gap between the rich and the poor has the tendency to become wider and wider.To our great joy, many countries have taken action. On one hand, they have made relevant laws and regulations and put larg
148、e amounts of money to the environmental protection. On the other hand, popularized education as well as international cooperation is being carried out.As to myself, I should take the responsibility to devote myself to sustainable development, because we have only one home.七、考试心理同学们，检测自己寒窗苦读十二年的成效的时刻
149、即将到来了！很多同学不同程度地出现一些焦虑、不安的情绪，这一切都是再正常不过的现象。而且是一种跃跃欲试的心态，是一种良好状态的体现。当然，紧张过度对自己的备考是不利的。我们可以利用积极暗示缓解压力。如果将高三复习的心理阶段分为三段，那就是：“你不知道你不行”、“你知道你不行”和“你不知道你行”。其实，复习到现在，考生准备已经相当充分了，而自己可能还没有意识到。只要你充满信心走进考场，胜利就在向你招手。考试时良好的心理状态对考生正常、甚至超常发挥有着举足轻重的作用。请务必注意以下几点：1 防下包袱，轻装上阵你如果带着恐慌的心境走向考场，你还能平心静气、认真冷静地答题吗？总之，衰兵必败，必要的“精
150、神胜利法”是必要的。一定要相信自己的实力。2 认真准备，沉着迎战尤其是在考听力时，千万不能急噪，否则可能会造成恶性循环。如遇一难题没听懂，尽可能记下有用信息，然后先做下一题。3 先难后易，循序渐进有些同学喜欢跳跃性答题，这样有可能很难控制整体时间。最好能按部就班，循序渐进，暂时无法解决的问题放到最后做。4 人难我难，我不畏难；人易我易，我不大意高考毕竟不同于我们平时的考试，肯定会碰到我们颇感生疏甚至根本没遇到过的题目。此种情况下，我们要沉稳应试，遇难不慌，要知道我们学校的学生在全市、全省都是领先的，你不会，其他地方的学生就更不会了。当然，遇到似曾相识的题目也不可掉以轻心，防止有“陷阱”。配套练
151、习参考答案：单项选择（A）21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D （B）21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 阅读理解 CBDBC CDADD A DABA CA对话填空（A） 1. interest 2. manager 3. international 4. clothing 5. abroad 6. experi
152、ence 7. energetic 8. graduates 9. get 10. suitable（B）1. mostly 2. cases 3. cured 4. medical 5. flying 6. operations 7. dont 8. hardly 9. harder 10. proud/pleased配套练习参考答案：单项选择（A）21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D （B）21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C
153、26. B 27. B 28. A29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 阅读理解 CBDBC CDADD A DABA CA对话填空（A） 1. interest 2. manager 3. international 4. clothing 5. abroad 6. experience 7. energetic 8. graduates 9. get 10. suitable（B）1. mostly 2. cases 3. cured 4. medical 5. flying 6. operations 7. dont 8. hardly 9.
154、 harder 10. proud/pleased配套练习参考答案：单项选择（A）21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D （B）21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 阅读理解 CBDBC CDADD A DABA CA对话填空（A） 1. interest 2. manager 3. international 4. clothing 5. abroad 6. experience 7. energetic 8. graduates 9. get 10. suitable（B）1. mostly 2. cases 3. cured 4. medical 5. flying 6. operations 7. dont 8. hardly 9. harder 10. proud/pleased25
