1、上海市金山区2021届高三英语下学期第二次模拟试题（含解析）（考试时间120分钟，总分140分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken o
2、nly once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How long does it take John to go to the university during rush hours?A. 5 minutes.B. 10 minutes
3、.C. 15 minutes.D. 25 minutes.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: How far away do you live from the university, John?M: Its about a 15 minutes drive. But during rush hours, it will take another 10 minutes.Q: How long does it take John to go to the university during rush hours?2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversa
4、tion most probably take place?A. At school.B. In a shop.C. In a restaurant.D. At home.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Good afternoon, madam. What can I do for you?W: Yes. My sister is expecting a baby and I want to get her something special.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查
5、看】What does the woman think of her new job?A. Exciting.B. Well-paid.C. Boring.D. Tough.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M: A little bird told me that you got promoted. You must be very excited.W: Not really. The new office is nice, but the workload has doubled.Q: What does the woman think of her new job?4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请
6、去附件查看】What is most probably the man?A. A bus driver.B. A house agent.C. A deliveryman.D. A salesperson.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: How long will it take this sofa to get to my apartment?M: Well, it all depends. I have to ask our delivering department to confirm it.Q: What is most probably the man?5. 【此处可播放相关音频，
7、请去附件查看】What are the two speakers talking about?A. The film to watch.B. The course to attend.C. The language to learn.D. The option to abandon.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Sam, which optional course will you take this semester?M: Film studies, I guess. But Ill consider French as an alternative.Q: What are the two
8、 speakers talking about?6. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman mean?A. He should work harder.B. He shouldnt turn down the offer.C. He shouldnt lose heart.D. He should be environmentally conscious.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: You know what, Jenny? The Green Earth Foundation turned down my application!W: Oh, dont
9、 take it so hard. You can always find another chance to make a difference to the environment.Q: What does the woman mean?7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】According to the man, what will the woman need to do?A. Express her opinions more clearly.B. Make another copy of her paper.C. Correct some grammatical errors
10、.D. Indicate the sources of the quotes in her paper.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: Thanks for taking the time to look at the first draft of my paper.M: Thats Okay. Ive marked several pages where you apparently copied some other sources, but didnt mention where you found it.Q: According to the man, what will the wo
11、man need to do?8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man imply?A. The man doesnt know if there is such a machine.B. The machine is on the right side of the entrance.C. The machine may not be functioning properly.D. The woman can find the machine by following the signs.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Is there an ATM ma
12、chine in this department store?M: Yes, there is. Its right there on the left side of the entrance. But I remember seeing an “out-of-order” sign on it.Q: What does the man imply?9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man mean?A. The new shoes are worth a try.B. He thinks shopping is a waste of money.C. H
13、e doesnt want to give any comments on the shoes.D. The shoes are not suitable for the woman.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W: What do you think of my new shoes, Dad？M: Hmmm. if I were you, I wouldnt bother to try them on.Q: What does the man mean?10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man mean?A. More doctors should be
14、doing research.B. He is on the way to becoming a doctor.C. A new medical treatment is available soon.D. He has already tried the new medicine.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Did you read todays newspaper? I heard there is something about a new miracle drug.M: I did read an article about medical researchers being on
15、 the edge of a major breakthrough.Q: What does the man mean?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and one longer conversation and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but
16、 the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. Which reason for fathers stay at home is NOT mentioned in the study?A. Disa
17、bility.B. Sickness.C. Pressure.D. Unemployment.12. Why did Blake become a stay-at-home parent?A. Because he has two kids.B. Because he doesnt like to work.C. Because his wife is busy.D. Because he makes less money than his wife.13. According to Blake, what is the most difficult part of being a stay-
18、at-home dad?A. Sharing feelings of anxiety.B. Feeling lonely and short of friends.C. Facing worries about their self-worth.D. Missing the happy time with former colleagues.【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B【解析】【原文】Being a stay-at-home dad now is much more different than it was 10 years ago. Its no longer somethi
19、ng new. You can see them all the time. A new study finds that in the U. S. more than two million fathers are staying at home to take care of the house and family. This number is twice that of 25 years ago. In 2012, 16 percent of all parents in the U. S. were stay-at-home dads.A research shows the nu
20、mber of dads staying at home will continue to grow. In the last 25 years there have been changes. Dads are taking on more responsibilities for taking care of the children. Mothers, however, take on more responsibilities for supporting the family. The research also points out that dads have spent muc
21、h more hours caring for their kids in the past decades. That is a huge change.The study finds that disability, sickness and unemployment are among the reasons that fathers stay home. But, some fathers do so simply to spend more time with their children.Blake Humphreys is a big, strong man. He and hi
22、s wife have two kids, a 10-year-old son named Aiden and a nine-year-old daughter named Camille. He has been a stay-at-home dad for the past ten years since his son was born. Blake became a stay-at-home parent for the same reason many women do. He made less money than his wife.When asked about the mo
23、st difficult part of being a stay-at-home dad, Blake says feeling lonely and short of friends. He really misses the happy time with colleagues at his former job. There is also another problem. Even though the number of stay-at-home fathers is growing in the U.S., stay-at-home dads can still face wor
24、ries about their self-worth. Blake and other stay-at-home dads expressed their feelings of anxiety. But Blake admits spending time with his children is valuable and he really enjoys it.Questions:11. Which reason for fathers stay at home is NOT mentioned in the study?12. Why did Blake become a stay-a
25、t-home parent?13. According to Blake, what is the most difficult part of being a stay-at-home dad?听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. To emphasize the disadvantages of fast fashion.B. To criticize fashion industry for its fast development.C. To introduce
26、some strategies for choosing daily dress.D. To advocate an environment-friendly concept of clothes.15. Why are environmentalists angry about “fast fashion”?A. The styles of the clothes often change rapidly with the time.B. The clothes often copy the styles of famous designer brands.C. A number of un
27、fashionable clothes are burnt or go into landfill.D. Creating such clothes usually waste a large amount of energy.16. What can we know about the sustainable cloth?A. It is regarded as the symbol of fast fashion.B It is an agreeable trend in the fashion industry.C. It is very popular thanks to massiv
28、e productivity.D. It is made by environment-friendly artificial materials.【答案】14. D 15. D 16. B【解析】【原文】Choosing what to wear can be a tricky problem, especially if youre a fashion victim. Trying to keep up with the latest styles involves regular visits to the shops and sometimes spending a lot on ex
29、pensive designer clothes. But when the fashion changes, these clothes are left in the back of cupboards gathering dust, or just get thrown away.Many stores now offer cheap “fast fashion”, that is low-price items that copy the styles of more expensive designer brands. Environmentalists are angered by
30、 the amount of energy involved in making these clothes. And many of them are even made from non-recyclable materials. This means that items are just burnt or go into landfill.Recently, the fashion industry has led to a new crop of biomaterials. For example, a leather-like substance is made from pine
31、apple leaves. And the root structure of mushrooms is being used to create food, packaging and cloth.But creating sustainable cloth is only part of the battle, which means buying second hand and fewer clothes are the obvious environmentally friendly choices. An expert advised us not to buy any item o
32、f clothing unless we wear it at least three years.Questions:14. What is the speaker mainly talking about?15. Why are environmentalists angry about “fast fashion”?16. What can we know about the sustainable cloth?听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A.
33、The way to get a proper promotion.B. The reason to set an example for the staff.C. The key elements of a capable supervisor.D. The damage that problem employees may cause.18. Why is the man worried about his promotion?A. He cant get along well with others.B. He is not good at training people.C. He i
34、s not familiar with marketing.D. He lacks relevant experience.19. Why does the woman think the man is a natural leader?A. He is good at coaching people.B. He has worked in different teams.C. He can find potential problem employees.D. He can discipline people without being mean.20. According to the w
35、oman, what is the most important thing the man should do as a team leader?A. Fully understand his responsibility.B. Work hard and get along well with others.C. Qualify employees to be ready for changes.D Understand the values and goals of the company.【答案】17. C 18. D 19. A 20. D【解析】【原文】M: I got a pro
36、motion today as the new supervisor of the Marketing Department.W: Wow, this is great news! You have a lot of experience with this company. They will be very helpful to you!M: I know. However, I have never supervised people before. Im a little nervous.W: You will do fine. You are a natural leader, an
37、d you will lead well.M: You think so, Lucy?W: I know so. You are always good at coaching people. First, being a supervisor means building a good team where members work well with each other, right?M: Right. If members of a team do not understand their own tasks as well as the tasks of their teammate
38、s, it will be a mess.W: Things will not always run smoothly. There will be problem employees. So you also need to know how to coach, or even how to discipline, right?M: Right. This is the worst part of being a supervisor. You need to be strong and wise enough to cope with problem employees, and even
39、 be “mean” enough to discipline them.W: Things will change, and your department needs to be able to adapt to changes, right?M: Yes, technological changes happen every day. I need to get my employees ready for changes as well as to stimulate the need for change sometimes.W: You need to set an example
40、 for your employees. Therefore, you should have a good understanding of your responsibilities, work hard and work well with others, be alert to changes, and what matters most is to understand the values and goals of your company.M: Thanks for the note of confidence, Lucy.W: You are welcome, Tom.Ques
41、tions：17. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?18. Why is the man worried about his promotion?19. Why does the woman think the man is a natural leader?20. According to the woman, what is the most important thing the man should do as a team leader?II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirectio
42、ns: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Pop-up Sh
43、ops Are Gaining PopularityThe retail business may be suffering in Hong Kong, but pop-up shops have become popular with the brands looking to reconnect with the local consumers.Although the pop-up is not a new concept, the market is welcoming it with open arms. It _21_ (regard) as a testing ground fo
44、r promoting new products, while offering shoppers a more personalized brand interaction. It is believed that the pop-up effect primarily benefits small retailers and young designers, both of _22_ expect to connect with their customers for lack of a physical store. On the other hand, they try to avoi
45、d long-term contract.“As we are a young brand, its difficult for customers to find us. Were _23_ (likely) to have a permanent store since the barriers to entry are so high,” says the founder of fashion label PTA. “With the pop-up, we sell in person and have that one-to-one contact with our customers
46、. We see our sales soar dramatically _24_ we do pop-ups.”It is not just small retailers and young designers that are benefiting. With the market _25_ (shift) from physical retail to e-commerce, online-only brands such as Grana have used pop-up shops as a way to complement their brand. Customers are
47、able to try out the products firsthand, and then shop online at their convenience. Additionally, established brands are also using pop-ups to excite shoppers. Shiseido, for example, once did a pop-up _26_ (promote) one of their specific line of lipsticks. It is otherwise difficult to do in their cur
48、rent retail spaces _27_ they have to accommodate their entire product line.While some industry insiders insist that it is a short-term trend _28_ (drive) by a bad economy, others see benefits in the long run. Landlords are also changing their minds. In essence, pop-up shops are mutually beneficial t
49、o both the landlord and the retailer.“Personally, I dont think pop-ups are a passing trend. From what we _29_ (learn) from our customers so far, they are always looking for unique products and experiences, exactly _30_ that pop-up shops can offer. I believe they will remain an enduring experiential
50、marketing platform,” says the manager of a small retailer.【答案】21. is regarded 22. whom 23. less likely 24. when/ after 25. shifting 26. to promote 27. as 28. driven 29. have learned 30. something【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了快闪店越来越受欢迎的原因。【21题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：它被视为推广新产品的试验场，同时为消费者提供更个性化的品牌互动。根据文章时态可知，用一般现在时。主语
51、It与regard之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is regarded。【22题详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们认为，快闪效应主要有利于小型零售商和年轻设计师，他们都希望在没有实体店的情况下与客户建立联系。句中先行词为small retailers and young designers，指人，在非限定性定语从句中作介词of的宾语，所以用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。【23题详解】考查比较级。句意：我们不太可能有一个永久性的商店，因为进入的门槛是如此之高，”时尚品牌PT A的创始人说。根据句意，用形容词的比较级形式。故填less likely。【24题详解】考查连词。句意：当我们使用
52、弹出式广告时/在我们做了弹出式广告后，我们的销售额大幅飙升。句中用连词when，表示“当时候”或after，表示“在之后”。故填when/ after。【25题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着市场从实体零售转向电子商务，只在网上销售的品牌，如Grana，已经把快闪店作为一种补充自己品牌的方式。介词with后名词market与shift之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填shifting。【26题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，资生堂曾经为推广他们的一款特定口红系列而做过一次弹出式促销活动。用不定式作目的状语。故填to promote。【27题详解】考查连词。句意：除此之外，这在他
53、们目前的零售空间很难做到，因为他们必须容纳他们的整个产品线。句中用as，表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句，表示不说自明的原因或理由。故填as。【28题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然一些业内人士坚持认为，这是一个由糟糕的经济驱动的短期趋势，但其他人看到了长期利益。名词trend与drive之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填driven。【29题详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，我们从顾客那里了解到，他们总是在寻找独特的产品和体验，这正是快闪店可以提供的东西。根据so far可知，用现在完成时。故填have learned。【30题详解】考查代词。句意：到目前为止，我们从顾客那里了解到，他
54、们总是在寻找独特的产品和体验，这正是快闪店可以提供的东西。代指前句中的 products and experiences，所以用不定代词something。故填something。Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. consumed B. asses
55、sing C. attracted D. mirror E. particularly F. sources G. motivate H. ranging I. encounter J. densities K. deliberatelyPlastic “Food” Endangering TurtlesEndangered green turtles are confusing plastic for food, according to scientists. Sea turtles mostly find their food visually, by _31_the color and
56、 shape of an object to work out if it is edible. Some of their favorite foods look like plastic.Emily Duncan, a postdoctoral researcher in marine conservationcommented in a statement: “The _32_of this plastic might include things like black trash bags.”Researchers studied 34 turtles who had washed u
57、p on the beaches of on the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus, and found they were _33_to pieces of plastic which looked like sheets or threads, and were black, clear or green. The team were able to look at the gastrointestinal tracts (胃肠道) of 19 turtles. All of them had eaten plastic, _34_from
58、3 to 183 pieces in total.Smaller turtles had eaten more plastic than bigger animals. That could be because of their naivety. The team concluded that green turtles, _35_younger individuals, who feed in the coastal waters of Cyprus, regularly _36_and eat plastic so much that the vast majority of anima
59、ls contain some plastic in their gastrointestinal tracts at the time of their death.The findings _37_past studies which show other species of turtle get mixed up between food and waste.The problem doesnt just affect green turtles. Extremely high _38_of plastic are found in oceans across the world, l
60、eading to all sea turtles, at least 36 percent of sea birds, and many fish species being found to have taken in plastic waste.Professor Brendan Godley, who leads the Exeter Marine research strategy at the University of Exeter and co-authored the work, commented: “Research like this helps us understa
61、nd what sea turtles are eating, and whether certain kinds of plastic are being _39_more than others.”Its important to know what kinds of plastic might be a particular problem, as well as highlighting issues that can help _40_people to continue to work on reducing overall plastic consumption and poll
62、ution.【答案】31. B 32. F 33. C 34. H 35. E 36. I 37. D 38. J 39. A 40. G【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述研究发现濒危动物绿海龟吃大量地与它们的食物看起来相似地塑料废物，并提出了解决办法，激励人们致力于减少塑料的消耗和污染。【31题详解】考查动词。句意：海龟大多从外表上寻找食物，通过评估一个物体的颜色和形状来弄清楚它们是否可以食用。by doing sth.“通过做某事”，故空格处填动词的动名词形式，根据句意，assess “评价；估价”符合句意，故选B。【32题详解】考查名词。句意：这种塑料的来源可能包括像黑色垃圾袋的东西
63、。分析句子可知，空格处是主语，应填名词，source“来源”符合句意，是可数名词，根据句意应用复数sources，故选F。【33题详解】考查动词时态。句意：研究人员研究了34只被冲到地中海东部塞浦路斯岛海滩上的海龟，发现它们被看起来像床单或线、黑色的、透明的或者绿色的塑料碎片吸引。分析句子可知，空格处应填动词作谓语，根据第一段的内容可知，海龟通过颜色和形状判断食物，故attract“吸引”符合句意，与主语they（指代海龟）是被动关系，空格前有were，故填attracted。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：他们都吃过塑料，总共从3块到183块不等。根据句意，range fromto“从
64、到之间”符合句意，分析句子可知，空格处应用非谓语动词作状语，range与逻辑主语“all of them”是主动关系，用现在分词形式ranging。故填H。【35题详解】考查副词。句意：该团队得出结论，绿海龟，特别是较小的个体，在塞浦路斯沿海水域觅食的，经常会遇到和吃太多塑料以至于绝大多数动物在死亡时，胃肠道中都有一些塑料。分析句子可知，空格填副词作状语，根据句意，particularly“特别；尤其”符合句意，故选E。【36题详解】考查动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，and连接并列成分，故空格处填动词作谓语，encounter“偶然遇到”符合句意，eat是一般现在时，故也用一般现在时，主语“g
65、reen turtles”是复数，故填encounter，故选I。【37题详解】考查动词。句意：这些发现反映了过去的一些研究，那些研究表明其他种类的海龟也把食物和废物混在一起。分析句子可知，空格处填动词作谓语，mirror“反映”符合句意，说明这些发现反映了过去的一些研究，文章主时态是一般现在时，主语findings是复数，故填D。【38题详解】考查名称。句意：在世界各地的海洋中发现了密度非常高的塑料，导致所有海龟，至少36%的海鸟，和许多鱼类被发现摄入塑料废物。分析句子可知，空格处填名词作主语，根据下文“leading to all sea turtles, at least 36 perc
66、ent of sea birds, and many fish species being found to have taken in plastic waste.”可推断，塑料密度很高，density“密度”，谓语动词是are，故用复数，故选J。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：像这样的研究帮助我们理解海龟在吃什么，以及某些塑料是否比其他东西吃得更多。分析句子可知，空格处填动词作谓语，根据上文的“what sea turtles are eating”可推断，consume“消耗；吃喝”符合句意，与主语“certain kinds of plastic”是被动关系，空格前有are being，
67、故填过去分词consumed，故选A。【40题详解】考查动词。句意：重要的是要了解哪种塑料可能是一个特殊的问题，并突出一些可以帮助激励人们继续努力减少塑料的整体消耗和污染的问题。分析句子可知，空格处填动词， 根据上下文可推断，motivate“激励”符合句意，help do sth.“有助于做某事”，故用不带to的不定式作宾语，故选G。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,
68、 C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Gone are the days when big businesses were looked upon by environmentalists as enemies in the fight against global warming.Just two weeks after U. S. President Donald Trump pulled his country out of the Paris Climate Agr
69、eement, more than 900 American firms put their _41_to a “We Are Still In” open letter to the United Nations. Together, they promise to help reduce Americas carbon emissions by 26 percent by 2025, _42_the Paris Climate Agreement._43_, big businesses have been taking climate change seriously for years
70、 now. Alongside energy-efficiency measures, the strongest evidence of their _44_has been the number of new wind and solar projects that they have been helping to build around the world. IT firms such as Amazon and Google have been using clean energy to power their servers (服务器). Some environmentalis
71、ts now believe that big businesses could become strong _45_behind the worldwide spread of renewable energy. “There used to be little action,” says Marty Spitzer of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), “Now, I see fundamental _46_being made.”More recently, this enthusiasm for environmental protection has _
72、47_from corporate headquarters to branches and suppliers, and from developed countries to emerging markets. Take Walmart, the worlds largest retailer, for example. In March 2016, it said that it would require its own operations and those along its _48_chain to reduce carbon-dioxide emissions by one
73、billion tons by 2030. This is _49_to taking 211 million passenger cars off Americas roads for a year. The announcement was _50_by the WWF and other conservation organizations, which are helping Walmarts suppliers work towards this goal. Apple, maker of the iPhone, has said that seven of its biggest
74、global manufacturers have promised to power their Apple-related _51_with renewable energy by the end of this year.According to the WWF, in the United States alone, nearly two dozen of the biggest firms have committed themselves to becoming 100 percent renewable in the near future. Herv Touati of the
75、 Rocky Mountain Institute, a clean-energy research firm, explains the _52_behind this trend. Going green improves the companies public image and helps attract customers, staff and investors.Anheuser-Busch InBev, the worlds biggest brewer (啤酒公司), has lots of young people among its many _53_. Many of
76、them take environmental issues seriously. Electricity, used _54_in the brewing process, amounts to a tenth of its total costs. Last year, the company set out to increase the role of renewables in generating _55_to 100 percent by 2025. “My generation often takes energy and clean air for granted,” sai
77、d Tony Milikin, the firms chief sustainability officer. “The generation coming up now looks at it totally differently.”41. A. postersB. innovationsC. namesD. donations42. A. for fear ofB. by means ofC. in line withD. on account of43. A. In factB. On averageC. By contrastD. In addition44. A. assessme
78、ntB. commitmentC. argumentD. attachment45. A. predictorsB. featuresC. casesD. forces46 A. changesB. profitsC. mistakesD. differences47. A. transferredB. rangedC. processedD. extended48. A. foodB. storeC. supplyD. data49. A. oppositeB. equivalentC. accustomedD. second50. A. criticizedB. issuedC. welc
79、omedD. underlined51. A. contentB. accountsC. activitiesD. production52. A. inspirationsB. motivationsC. destinationsD. functions53. A. manufacturersB. investorsC. customersD. administrators54. A. considerablyB. skillfullyC. economicallyD. occasionally55. A. heatB. windC. waterD. power【答案】41. C 42. C
80、 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了现在许多大企业转变了角色，发生了根本性的变化。由从前加速全球变暖，到现在采用节能和可再生能源等措施改善环境，认真对待气候变化的问题。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在美国总统唐纳德特朗普退出巴黎气候协议两周后，900多家美国公司向联合国签名和提交了一封题为“我们还在”的公开信。A. posters海报；B. innovations创新；C. names名字；D. donations捐赠。根
81、据“to a “We Are Still In” open letter to the United Nations”可知900多家美国公司签名了“我们还在”这封公开信。故选C。【42题详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：他们共同承诺到2025年帮助美国减少26%的碳排放，符合巴黎气候协定。A. for fear of为了避免，以免；B. by means of借助于，依靠；C. in line with符合，与.一致；D. on account of由于，因为。根据“the Paris Climate Agreement”可知他们的共同承诺符合巴黎气候协定。故选C。【43题详解】考查固定短语词
82、义辨析。句意：事实上，大企业多年来一直在认真对待气候变化问题。A. In fact事实上；B. On average平均，通常；C. By contrast对比，相比之下；D. In addition另外，此外。根据“big businesses have been taking climate change seriously for years now”可知是一个事实。故选A。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了节能措施之外，他们在世界各地帮助建设的新风能和太阳能项目的数量，也是证明他们承诺的最有力证据。A. assessment评价，鉴定；B. commitment承诺，保证；C.
83、 argument争吵，论据；D. attachment附件，依恋。根据上文“Together, they promise to help reduce Americas carbon emissions by 26 percent by 2025”可知是证明他们承诺的最有力证据。故选B。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些环保人士现在认为，大企业可能成为全球推广可再生能源的强大力量。A. predictors预报器；B. features特征，产品特点；C. cases情况，案例；D. forces力量，势力。根据上文“IT firms such as Amazon and Googl
84、e have been using clean energy to power their servers (服务器).”可知大企业可能成为全球推广可再生能源的强大力量。故选D。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界野生动物基金会的马蒂斯皮策(Marty Spitzer)说：“过去几乎没有什么行动，但现在，我看到了根本性的变化。”A. changes变化，改变；B. profits收益；C. mistakes错误；D. differences差异，偏差。根据“There used to be little action”和“Now”可知现在他看到了根本性的变化。故选A。【47题详解】考查动
85、词词义辨析。句意：最近，这种环保热情已经从企业总部扩展到分支机构和供应商，从发达国家扩展到新兴市场。A. transferred转移；B. ranged变化，包括；C. processed加工，审核；D. extended延长，扩充。根据“from corporate headquarters to branches and suppliers, and from developed countries to emerging markets”可知这种环保热情已经从企业总部扩展到分支机构和供应商，从发达国家扩展到新兴市场。故选D。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年3月，该公司表示
86、，到2030年，它将要求自己的业务和供应链沿线的业务减少10亿吨二氧化碳排放。A. food食物；B. store商店；C. supply供应；D. data数据。根据上文“from corporate headquarters to branches and suppliers”可知该公司表示，到2030年，它将要求自己的业务和供应链沿线的业务减少10亿吨二氧化碳排放。故选C。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这相当于美国公路上的2.11亿辆乘用车减少了一年。A. opposite对立的，相反的；B. equivalent相等的，等价的；C. accustomed习惯的；D. seco
87、nd第二的。根据“to taking 211 million passenger cars off Americas roads for a year”和上文“to reduce carbon-dioxide emissions by one billion tons by 2030”可知这相当于美国公路上的2.11亿辆乘用车减少了一年。短语be equivalent to“等（同）于，相等（当）于.”。故选B。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该声明受到了世界自然基金会和其他环保组织的欢迎，它们正在帮助沃尔玛的供应商实现这一目标。A. criticized批评；B. issued发布；C
88、. welcomed欢迎；D. underlined在.下划线，强调。根据“which are helping Walmarts suppliers work towards this goal”可知该声明受到了世界自然基金会和其他环保组织的欢迎。故选C。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：iPhone制造商苹果(Apple)表示，其全球最大的七家制造商已承诺在今年年底前，用可再生能源为与苹果相关的生产提供动力。A. content内容；B. accounts账目，账号；C. activities活动；D. production产品，成果。根据“Apple, maker of the iPh
89、one, has said that”可知用可再生能源为与苹果相关的生产提供动力。故选D。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Herv Touati来自清洁能源研究公司落基山研究所，他解释了这种趋势背后的动机。A. inspirations启示，灵感；B. motivations动机；C. destinations目的地，终点；D. functions功能。根据“explains”和下文“Going green improves the companies public image and helps attract customers, staff and investors.”可知Her
90、v Touati解释了这种趋势背后的动机。故选B。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界上最大的啤酒酿造商百威英博的客户中有很多年轻人。A. manufacturers制造商；B. investors投资者；C. customers顾客，客户；D. administrators管理员。根据“has lots of young people”可知百威英博的客户中有很多年轻人。故选C。【54题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在酿造过程中，电力消耗相当大，占总成本的十分之一。A. considerably相当地，非常；B. skillfully巧妙地；C. economically经济地；D. o
91、ccasionally偶尔。根据“amounts to a tenth of its total costs”可知在酿造过程中，电力消耗相当大。故选A。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，该公司开始将可再生能源在发电中的作用提高到2025年的100%。A. heat高温，压力，热烈；B. wind风；C. water水；D. power力量，能力。根据上文“Electricity, used 14in the brewing process”可知去年该公司开始将可再生能源在发电中的作用提高到2025年的100%。故选D。Section BDirections: Read the fol
92、lowing three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Holidays can be enjoyable and relaxing. B
93、ut sometimes a holiday can change your life completely, which is what happened two years ago to Victoria Smith and Sally Gook.Victoria Smith, six years ago, was working as a manager at Next, a British chain store. Then she went on holiday to Borneo. “It was a working holiday,” said Victoria, “where
94、you could study the orang-utan in the wild I have always been interested in apes, so I thought it would be fun. ” The holiday was wonderful, and when Victoria came home she found it very difficult to return to her old life. Although everybody told her she was mad, she decided to go back to universit
95、y and study biology. Four years later she became a chimpanzee keeper.For the last two years Victoria has been working at Monkey World, a centre in southwest England that looks after apes which used to be ill-treated. She works long hours, and the pay isnt very good, but she loves it. “Im really happ
96、y now. Since I started working here I feel that Ive been doing something important, not just wasting my life.”Sally Gook wakes up every morning to a deep blue sky and blazing sun. For the last two years she has been living on the tiny Greek island of Lipsi, which is only 16 square kilometers in size
97、 and has a population of just 650.But until a few years ago she lived in London. “I was working for American Express and I had a good social life and earned a lot of money. But I had to get up very early every morning, often in horrible weather, and got a train and the tube to work.”Then one day she
98、 and a friend decided they needed a relaxing holiday, and they came to Lipsi. “I loved it the people, the mountains, the sun, and the delicious food. Suddenly I knew there was a different life waiting for me here.” A few months later she applied for a job at the travel company which had organized he
99、r holiday. Since then she has been living on Lipsi and working as a tourist guide. Sally said, “Ive only been back to London once, and I cant imagine ever living there again.”56. “The orang-utan” (in paragraph 2) most probably refers to _.A. a chain storeB. a holiday resortC. a kind of animalD. a zo
100、o for wildlife57. What can be learned from the passage about Victoria Smith?A. She hesitated over whether to become a chimpanzee keeper.B. She quit her job as a manager regardless of others objection.C. She finally chose to work and live in Borneo.D. She felt it unnecessary to work long hours.58. Wh
101、ich of the following is TRUE about Sally Gooks former job?A. She didnt earn much.B. She worked as a tourist guide.C. She often went to Greece on business.D. She spent much time on the way to work.59. What is the passage mainly about?A. How the two girls holidays changed their life.B. Why the two gir
102、ls preferred to live outside cities.C. How the two girls planned their holidays.D. Why holidays were enjoyable and relaxing for the two girls.【答案】56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个女孩Victoria Smith和Sally Gook在假期的活动改变了她们原本的生活。【56题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“where you could studythe orang-utanin the
103、wild I have always been interested in apes, so I thought it would be fun. ”(“你可以在野外研究_我一直对猿类很感兴趣，所以我想这会很有趣。”)”由提到对猿类很感兴趣，可知，the orang-utan很可能指的是一种动物。故选C项。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Victoria Smith, six years ago, was working as a manager at Next, a British chain store.(六年前，Victoria Smith在英国一家连锁商店Next担任经理。)”
104、和“The holiday was wonderful, and when Victoria came home she found it very difficult to return to her old life. Although everybody told her she was mad, she decided to go back to university and study biology. (假期过得很愉快，当Victoria回到家时，她发现很难回到原来的生活。尽管大家都说她疯了，她还是决定回到大学学习生物学。)”可知，Victoria Smith不顾别人的反对，辞去了
105、经理的工作。故选B项。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But I had to get up very early every morning, often in horrible weather, and got a train and the tube to work. (但我每天早上不得不很早起床，而且常常是在恶劣的天气里，然后坐火车或地铁去上班。)”可知，Sally Gook以前的工作要在上班的路上花很多时间。故选D项。【59题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But sometimes a holiday can change your life completely, w
106、hich is what happened two years ago to Victoria Smith and Sally Gook. (但有时一个假期可以完全改变你的生活，就像两年前发生在Victoria Smith和Sally Gook身上的那样。)”可知，本文主要介绍了两个女孩Victoria Smith和Sally Gook在假期的活动改变了她们原本的生活，因此选项A“两个女孩的假期如何改变了她们的生活。”符合题意。故选A项。(B)Its easy to assume that a vacation to Bali will cost a small fortune. There
107、are plenty of accommodations, food and local transportation, and even the spas offer massages and treatments at value prices. However, you can easily spend a week or two in Bali for under $2,000, without having to sleep on the beach. Here are a few things to consider when planning Bali on a budget.W
108、hat is the best time to visit Bali on a budget?If youre on a budget, consider visiting Bali during the lower, wetter season, which runs from October through March. The crowds will be fewer, and both hotel rates and flights from abroad are often cheaper, except during the holiday period between mid-D
109、ecember and early January, when crowds swell. The only trade-off for the lower prices is the wet season. This time of year isnt always ideal for sunbathing, and serious rainfall can make outdoor activities, such as whitewater rafting and visiting waterfalls and rice terraces, less than appealing. Th
110、at said, even during rainy season, it doesnt usually rain all day long. Expect bursts of sunshine between the storms.What is the cheapest way to get around Bali?The absolute cheapest way to get around Bali is by local bus, but it can take a long time. There are also tourist buses, including hop-on,
111、hop-off options, that travel between different hubs across the island. Bali is well-served by taxis, both of the car and motorbike variety, and the prices tend to be affordable by international standards. Most drivers will offer you a fixed rate for full-day hires or to get from point A to point B,
112、rather than using a meter.Remember to bargain; doing so is particularly easy when a driver is on his own rather than at a taxi stand.How much does food cost in Bali?If youre into fine dining, you can end up spending a large chunk of your budget on food. Eating at the average restaurant geared toward
113、s tourists is the best way to have a meal in Bali on a budget. A good meal should cost you around 100,000 rupiah (around $7), but if youre willing to subsist mostly off of local specialties such as nasi goreng (fried rice) and eat at local restaurants, you can expect to pay around 30,000 rupiah ($2)
114、 to get fed. Best of all, most hotels and guesthouses in Bali come with free breakfast, and many offer heavier options of noodles and meat that may keep you full until lunch.60. Which of the following situation can be best described by the underlined word trade-off in paragraph 2?A. Jack got a rewar
115、d after he returned the lost bag to its owner.B. Lily spent much money buying some handicrafts at the local fair.C. Wendy cancelled her trip in order to prevent the spread of the virus.D. Sam was scolded by his parents for what he did in school last night.61. Which of the following is TRUE according
116、 to the passage?A. Its better for outdoor enthusiasts to visit Bali during the off season.B. Passengers had better fix the price with drivers before the taxi pulls out from the station.C. If on a tight budget, one is advised to visit Bali at the end of December every year.D. Its relatively economica
117、l to eat merely at average restaurants tailored to visitors.62. In which column of a magazine can you most probably find this passage?A. City and Transport.B. Travel and Recreation.C. Nature and Environment.D. Food and Health.【答案】60. C 61. D 62. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个去巴厘岛度假省钱的办法。【60题详解】词义猜测题。根据画
118、线词后文“This time of year isnt always ideal for sunbathing, and serious rainfall can make outdoor activities, such as whitewater rafting and visiting waterfalls and rice terraces, less than appealing.(每年的这个时候并不总是日光浴的理想时间，而且严重的降雨会使户外活动，如漂流、参观瀑布和梯田，没有吸引力)”可知，价格下降的原因是雨季这一代价。划线词意为“代价”。故C选项“为了防止病毒的传播，温迪取消了她
119、的旅行”最能描述画线词，温迪以失去旅行为代价，换取防止病毒传播。故选C。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Eating at the average restaurant geared towards tourists is the best way to have a meal in Bali on a budget.(要想在巴厘岛省钱，在一家面向游客的普通餐厅吃饭是最好的办法)”结合选项可知，在为游客量身定制的普通餐厅吃饭相对经济省钱。故选D。【62题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Its easy to assume that a vacation to Bali will cos
120、t a small fortune. There are plenty of accommodations, food and local transportation, and even the spas offer massages and treatments at value prices. However, you can easily spend a week or two in Bali for under $2,000, without having to sleep on the beach. Here are a few things to consider when pl
121、anning Bali on a budget.(人们很容易认为去巴厘岛度假会花一大笔钱。这里有充足的住宿，食物和当地交通，甚至水疗中心提供合理价位的按摩和治疗。然而，你也可以花不到2000美元在巴厘岛度过一两个星期，甚至不用在海滩上睡觉。以下是在规划巴厘岛预算时需要考虑的一些事情)”结合文章主要介绍了三个去巴厘岛度假省钱的办法。可推知，你最可能在杂志的“旅游和娱乐”专栏里找到这篇文章。故选B。(C)Last year, 138,000 San Francisco residents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home ren
122、ters and travelers. Its a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental se
123、rvices.The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-nig
124、ht stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. Its a textbook example of the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequences in San Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a signific
125、ant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the companys image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposi
126、tion F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that support
127、ed Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the companys practices in San Francisco and other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Francisco is in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous
128、 term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco simply doesnt have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking to Silicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times
129、reported, some San Francisco residents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve t
130、he citys existing problems.63. The intention of Proposition F is to _.A. place time limits in local election.B. set limits on short-term rental.C. strike down a controversial rule.D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.64. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb on San Francisco?A. It shrinks the l
131、iving space of middle-class families.B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.C. It makes the house market more competitive.D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.65. The housing crisis in San Francisco results from _.A. explosion of the living costB. its geographic char
132、acteristicsC. generosity of local enterprisesD. inflow of migrant population66. The authors attitude toward Proposition F is _.A. objectiveB. supportiveC. negativeD. indifferent【答案】63. B 64. D 65. D 66. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。旧金山提出了一项F提案限制房子短期租赁，这使得短期租赁软件Airbnb的很多用户反应激烈。文章介绍了Airbnb软件的影响和F提案支持者和反对者的看法。【63题
133、详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services. (因为旧金山选民推翻了一项有争议的规定，该规定将对短期租赁服务设置时间限制和其他规定。)”可知，F提案的目的是限制短期租赁。故选B项。【64题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend ta
134、kes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，Airbnb对旧金山的负面影响是它间接导致了房屋租金高。故选D项。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco simply doesnt have enoug
135、h space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking to Silicon Valley. (旧金山坐落在一块可以俯瞰海湾的狭长裸露土地上，没有足够的空间容纳大量涌入硅谷的年轻高薪技术员工。)”可知，旧金山的住房危机是流动人口流入造成的。故选D项。【66题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertisin
136、g campaign. (该公司用近1000万美元的广告活动强烈反对F提案。)”和最后一段中“Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the citys existing problems. (反对F提案的人反驳说，住房危机要严重得多，通过这项规定只会阻碍一项受欢迎的服务，而对解决城市现有的
137、问题几乎没有帮助。)” 可知，作者呈现了F提案反对者的观点；第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，作者呈现了F提案支持者的观点，因此在本文中，作者呈现了F提案反对者和支持者的相关观点，但是作者自己没有明确表示自己的立场，因此作者对F提案
138、的态度是客观的。故选A项。Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Will Experimentation on Animals End?One of the most debatable issues in science is the u
139、se of animals in research. Scientists experiment on animals for different reasons, including basic research to explore how organisms function, investigating potential treatments for human disease, and safety and quality control testing of drugs, devices and other products._67_However, opponents beli
140、eve it is cruel and meaningless, as observations in animals often do not translate directly to humans.In 1959, William Russell and Rex Burch proposed their “3Rs” guidelines for making the use of animals in scientific research more humane: restrict the use of animals; refine experiments to minimize d
141、istress; and replace tests with alternative techniques. _68_ Around 29 million animals per year are currently used in experiments in the U.S. and Europeans Union countries. This is less than half the total in the mid-1970s a significant drop._69_Improvements in imaging methods that offer a look insi
142、de the bodies of animals allow scientists to get more and better data from each experiment than before.For example, researchers previously had to do experiments with multiple mice at different stages of cancer development, but now they can watch the disease develop in a single living animal using a
143、dye. Similarly, as brain-imaging techniques become more advanced, some questions that were addressed with experiments in monkeys before may be better answered by looking into the human brain now. “_70_” says Larry Carbone, a senior veterinarian(兽医) at the University of California in San Francisco.A.
144、 Over the course of five decades their guidelines have become widely accepted worldwide.B. The awareness of animal protection contributes to the decline of the number.C. Human volunteers must be able to replace monkeys more and more in the next 10 to 20 years.D. New experimental techniques help to p
145、ush numbers down.E. Its supporters point to the long list of medical advances made possible with the help of animal research.F. The number of the animals used in research is still considerable.【答案】67. E 68. A 69. D 70. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。动物实验会结束吗？文章介绍了动物试验这一现象，并指出新技术的进步有助于降低试验动物的数量。在未来，人类的试验会越来越多取代动物试
146、验。【67题详解】根据下文“However, opponents believe it is cruel and meaningless, as observations in animals often do not translate directly to humans. (然而，反对者认为这是残忍和没有意义的，因为对动物的观察往往不能直接转化为人类。)”可知，此处与下文形成转折，内容与支持在研究中使用动物试验的支持者的观点有关，选项E“Its supporters point to the long list of medical advances made possible with
147、 the help of animal research. (它的支持者指出，在动物研究的帮助下，医学取得了许多进步。)”符合题意。故选E。【68题详解】根据上文“In 1959, William Russell and Rex Burch proposed their “3Rs” guidelines for making the use of animals in scientific research more humane (1959年，William Russell和Rex Burch提出了他们的“3Rs”准则，以使在科学研究中使用动物更人道)”和下文“Around 29 milli
148、on animals per year are currently used in experiments in the U.S. and Europeans Union countries. (目前，美国和欧盟国家每年大约有2900万只动物被用于实验。)”可知，选项A中的their guidelines指的是上文的“3Rs”准则，此处内容与William Russell和Rex Burch的“3Rs”准则被接受的范围有关，因此选项A“Over the course of five decades their guidelines have become widely accepted wor
149、ldwide. (在过去的五十年中，他们的指导方针已在世界范围内被广泛接受。)”符合题意。故选A。【69题详解】根据下文“Improvements in imaging methods that offer a look inside the bodies of animals allow scientists to get more and better data from each experiment than before. (成像方法的改进可以让科学家们看到动物的身体内部，这使他们从每次实验中获得比以前更多更好的数据。)”可知，此处内容与新技术对动物试验的帮助有关，选项D“New e
150、xperimental techniques help to push numbers down. (新的实验技术有助于降低数字。)”符合题意。New experimental techniques呼应Improvements in imaging methods。故选D。【70题详解】根据上文“Similarly, as brain-imaging techniques become more advanced, some questions that were addressed with experiments in monkeys before may be better answer
151、ed by looking into the human brain now. (同样，随着大脑成像技术的发展，一些以前在猴子身上做的实验所解决的问题，现在通过研究人类大脑可能会得到更好的答案。)”可知，此处是Larry Carbone说的话，内容与在未来，人类的试验会越来越多取代动物试验有关，选项C“Human volunteers must be able to replace monkeys more and more in the next 10 to 20 years. (未来10到20年，人类志愿者必须能够越来越多地取代猴子。)”符合题意。Similarly, as brain-i
152、maging techniques呼应 in the next 10 to 20 years。故选C。IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Enduring Power of Print for Learning in A Digital WorldTo
153、days students see themselves as digital natives, the first generation to grow up surrounded by technology like smartphones, tablets and e-readers. Weve seen students now equipped with school-issued iPads and access to e-textbooks. Given this trend, it might be assumed that students familiarity and p
154、reference for technology translates into better learning outcomes. But more and more studies show that its not always the case. So, there are some lessons that can be conveyed to us about prints place in an increasingly digital world.We all read for many reasons. Sometimes were looking for an answer
155、 to a very specific question. Other times, we want to browse a newspaper for todays headlines. As were about to pick up an article or text in a printed or digital format, we should keep in mind why were reading. Theres likely to be a difference in which medium works best for which purpose.One of the
156、 most consistent findings of the studies is that, for some tasks, medium doesnt seem to matter. If all students are being asked to do is to understand and remember the big idea of what theyre reading, theres no benefit in selecting one medium over another. But when the reading assignment demands mor
157、e engagement or deeper comprehension, students may be better off reading print. Teachers could make students aware that their ability to comprehend the assignment may be influenced by the medium they choose.In another experiment, researchers were able to create meaningful records of college students
158、 based on the way they read and comprehended from printed and digital texts. Among those records, it was found that a select group of undergraduates who actually comprehended better when they moved from print to digital. But they actually read slower when the text was on the computer than when it wa
159、s in a book. Using this select group as a model, students could possibly be taught or directed to fight the tendency to glide through online texts.【答案】Students are given access to e-textbooks and people think technology improves their learning. Unfortunately, its not always true. We should learn the
160、 following lessons. First, different reading purposes require different reading media. Second, teachers should help students realize that the reading medium may affect their understanding. Finally, students should be taught to read slower on the computer.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，学生们可以使用电子教科书，人们认为科技提高了
161、他们的学习。不幸的是，这并不总是正确的。我们应该了解以下原因。首先，不同的阅读目的需要不同的阅读媒介。第二，教师应该帮助学生认识到阅读媒介可能会影响他们的理解。最后，应该教学生在电脑上慢速阅读。【详解】要点摘录Weve seen students now equipped with school-issued iPads and access to e-textbooks. Given this trend, it might be assumed that students familiarity and preference for technology translates into b
162、etter learning outcomes. But more and more studies show that its not always the case. So, there are some lessons that can be conveyed to us about prints place in an increasingly digital world.As were about to pick up an article or text in a printed or digital format, we should keep in mind why were
163、reading. Theres likely to be a difference in which medium works best for which purpose.But when the reading assignment demands more engagement or deeper comprehension, students may be better off reading print. Teachers could make students aware that their ability to comprehend the assignment may be
164、influenced by the medium they choose. But they actually read slower when the text was on the computer than when it was in a book. Using this select group as a model, students could possibly be taught or directed to fight the tendency to glide through online texts. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
165、3.遣词造句Students are given access to e-textbooks and people think technology improves their learning. Unfortunately, its not always true. We should learn the following lessons. First, different reading purposes require different reading media. Second, teachers should help students realize that the rea
166、ding medium may affect their understanding. Finally, students should be taught to read slower on the computer.【点睛】高分句型1 Students are given access to e-textbooks and people think technology improves their learning.运用一般现在时的被动语态对原文第一段进行了概括。高分句型2 Second, teachers should help students realize that the re
167、ading medium may affect their understanding.用that引导宾语从句对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 究竟是什么驱使人类不断地探索外太空？(on earth)（汉译英）【答案】What on earth motivates humans to keep exploring outer space?【解析】【详解】考查介词短语
168、、动词和名词。表达“究竟”应用介词短语on earth，表达“驱使”应用动词motivate，表达“外太空”应用名词outer space。根据句意可知，此处是由what连接的特殊疑问句，what充当主语，谓语动词是motivate，短语motivate sb. to do sth.“驱使某人做某事”，描述一般事实时态是一般现在时， “不断地探索”应用动词表达keep exploring。故翻译为What on earth motivates humans to keep exploring outer space?。73. 据旅游手册介绍，这个村子因其保存完好的少数民族文化而闻名遐迩。(fa
169、mous) （汉译英）【答案】According to the travel brochure, the village is famous for its well-preserved minority culture.【解析】【详解】考查名词和形容词。表示“因.而闻名”应用形容词短语be famous for；表示“旅游手册”应用名词travel brochure；表示“村子”应用名词village，做主语；表示“保存完好的”应用形容词well-preserved；表示“少数民族文化”应用名词minority culture。描述事实，时态是一般现在时。故翻译为According to t
170、he travel brochure, the village is famous for its well-preserved minority culture.。74. 如今人们担心的不再是如何填饱肚子，而是如何防止发胖。(not. but.) （汉译英）【答案】Nowadays, what people are concerned about is not how to fill their stomachs but how to prevent themselves from gaining weight.【解析】【详解】考查主语从句、形容词和动词短语。表示“不是而是”应用not. b
171、ut.；表示“担心”应用形容词短语be concerned about；表示“填饱”应用动词fill；表示“防止”应用动词短语prevent.from.；表示“发胖”应用动词短语gain weight。根据句意，主语是由what引导的从句，由“如今”可知时态是一般现在时，由how+动词不定式充当宾语。故翻译为Nowadays, what people are concerned about is not how to fill their stomachs but how to prevent themselves from gaining weight.75. 谈及营造学习氛围，培养团队精神
172、和开展师生互动等方面，传统教学的确比网络教学略胜一筹。(come to) （汉译英）【答案】When it comes to creating the learning/study atmosphere, cultivating team spirit, interacting with students, traditional teaching really has certain advantages over online teaching.【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和名词。根据汉语提示可知，本句陈述客事实，应用一般现在时。表示“谈及”应用when it comes to.；表示“创
173、造学习氛围”应用动词短语create learning/study atmosphere，表示“培养团队精神”应用动词短语cultivate team spirit，表示“和.互动”应用动词短语interact with，前面三个动词短语都为介词to的宾语，故用它们的动名词形式；表示“传统教学”应用名词短语traditional teaching，作主句主语；表示“略胜一筹”应用动词短语have certain advantages over，作主句谓语动词，因主语不可数，故谓语动词用单数形式；表示“网络教学”应用名词online teaching。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为When it c
174、omes to creating the learning/study atmosphere, cultivating team spirit, interacting with students, traditional teaching really has certain advantages over online teaching.VI. Guided Writing76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instructions given below in Chin
175、ese.假设你是明启中学的学生王磊，你校准备开设名为劳动与生活或机器人编程的选修课程，并在校园网征求学生意见，请写一封邮件给校方，内容必须包括：1你感兴趣的课程；2你期望在这门课程中学到什么；3. 为什么想学这些内容。【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,Im more than delighted to hear the news that option courses named Robot Programming as well as Labor and Life will be available. From where I stand, compared with Labor and
176、 Life, Robot Programming interests me better, because Im interested in programming and its promising.For the course, I hope it can offer more chances for students to write codes on robots and communicate more with the students in other schools. Im eager to learn some basic knowledge about design of
177、robots and more programming languages, which is beneficial to my future career. I plan to be a professional programmer who can design more intelligent robots that can make our life more convenient.Thats my opinion and I do hope my view will be of some help.【解析】【分析】本文属于应用文，要求就即将开设的选修课程表达自己的意见。【详解】1.
178、词汇积累高兴的：happy delighted在我看来：in my opinion from where I stand有益的：helpful beneficial渴望：want to do be eager to do2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Im eager to learn some basic knowledge about design of robots and more programming languages, which is beneficial to my future career. I plan to be a professional programmer wh
179、o can design more intelligent robots that can make our life more convenient.拓展句：Im eager to learn some basic knowledge about design of robots and more programming languages, which is beneficial to my future career, for I plan to be a professional programmer who can design more intelligent robots tha
180、t can make our life more convenient.【点睛】高分句型1 From where I stand, compared with Labor and Life, Robot Programming interests me better, because Im interested in programming and its promising.(过去分词作状语)高分句型2 Im eager to learn some basic knowledge about design of robots and more programming languages, which is beneficial to my future career.（非限制性定语从句的使用）
