1、单元综合测评(三)Unit 3Understanding each other【XZB2016TBYLYYX06015】(时间：100分钟；满分：120分).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AI travel a lot，and I find out different“styles(风格)”of directions every time I ask“How can I get to the post office？”The foreign tourists are often confused in Jap
2、an because most streets there dont have names.People use landmarks(地标)in their directions instead of street names.For example，the Japanese will say to travelers，“Go straight down to the corner.Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market.The post office is across from the bus stop.”In the c
3、ountryside of the American Midwest，there are not usually many landmarks.There are no mountains，so the land is very flat；in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles.Instead of landmarks，people will tell you directions and distances.In Kansas or Iowa，for example，people will say，“Go nor
4、th two miles.Turn east，and then go another mile.”People in Los Angeles，California，have no idea of distance on the map；they measure distance in time，not miles.“How far away is the post office？”you ask.“Oh，”they answer，“its about five minutes from here.”You say，“Yes，but how many miles away is it？”They
5、 dont know.Its true that a person doesnt know the answer to your question sometimes.What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say，“Sorry，I have no idea.” But in Yucatan，Mexico，no one answers“I dont know.” People in Yucatan believe that “I dont know” is impolite.They usually give an answer
6、，often a wrong one.A tourist can get very，very lost in Yucatan!1When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place，they usually _.Adescribe the place carefullyBshow him the names of the streetsCtell him a map of the placeDrefer to recognizable buildings and places2What is the place where pe
7、ople measure distance in time?ANew YorkBLos AngelesCKansasDIowa3People in Yucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer_.Ain order to save time Bas a testCso as to be politeDfor fun4What can we infer from the text?AIts important for travelers to understand cultural differences.BIts useful for travelers
8、to know how to ask the way properly.CPeople have similar understandings of politeness.DNew Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.BWhen I was growing up，I was interested in science and math and computers.I loved finding out how things worked.At fifteen，I bought myself a computer and took it apar
9、t.Those were the days when you could take the top off and，with the help of books，know what each of the parts did.Playing with that computer taught me that you learn almost everything by doing.My early curiosity about computers helped lead me to the job I have today，which I love，So whenever I see kid
10、s becoming passionate about an interest，I try to encourage them.Its good to be curious.I also think its good to try new ways of doing things.At one of my first jobs，I learned this lesson through experience.I was sixteen，and I got a job with the Houston Post, selling newspapers over the telephone.My
11、coworkers and I would call people and say，“Hey，would you like to buy the Houston Post？”During my first few weeks，I learned that most people who wanted to buy the newspaper were either moving or getting married.So I thought，“Well，how can I get the names of all these people who are moving or getting m
12、arried？”I did some research and found out that a lot of that information is legally available to anyone.Once I learned how to get those names and addresses，I sent out offers to buy the newspaper.My experiment was a success! Within my first month on the job.I became the top salesperson.It was simply
13、a matter of finding an opportunity and trying a new way of doing something.Kids have fresh approaches to things，and they often come up with great new ideas.When you pursue(追求)your interests and follow your dreams，a lot can happen.You can do big things，and you shouldnt be discouraged by people who te
14、ll you otherwise.5The author took the computer apart to_.Arepair itBdo an experimentCsatisfy his curiosityDtest his knowledge of computers6The underlined word“passionate”in Paragraph 3 can be best replaced by_.AcrazyBcarefulCdoubtfulDconcerned7The authors experience of selling newspapers shows the i
15、mportance of _.ApatienceBcreativityChard workDa clear aimCArthur Miller(19152005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.Millers father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary，drawn like so many others by the“Great American Dream”However，he experienced sever
16、e financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.Millers most famous play，Death of a Salesman，is a powerful attack on the American system，with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.
17、In Willy Loman，the hero of the play，we see a man who has got into trouble with this system.Willy is“burnt out”and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment：if he cant do the work，then he is no good to his employer，the Wagner Company，and he must go.Willy is painfully aware of this
18、，and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.When it was first staged in 1949，the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews，and it won the Tony Award for Best Play，the New York Drama Critics Circle Award，and the
19、 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury，Connecticut，on the evening of February 10,2005 ，the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.8Why did Arthur Millers father m
20、ove to the USA?AHe suffered from severe hunger in his home country.BHe was attracted by the“Great American Dream”CHe hoped to make his son a dramatist.DHis family business failed.9The play Death of a Salesman_.Aexposes the cruelty of the American business worldBdiscusses the ways to get promoted in
21、a companyCtalks about the business career of Arthur MillerDfocuses on the skills in doing business10After it was first staged，Death of a Salesman_.Aachieved huge successBwon the first Tony AwardCwas warmly welcomed by salesmenDwas severely attacked by dramatists11What is the text mainly about?AArthu
22、r Miller and his family.BThe awards Arthur Miller won.CThe hardship Arthur Miller experienced.DArthur Miller and his bestknown play.DScientists in Colombia have trained a team of rats to help remove land mines from the countryside.Land mines are small bombs(炸弹)hidden in the ground and designed to ex
23、plode when someone steps on them.When trained，the rats can smell special metals in the mines and then signal to their human team.Then why use rats for such an important job?In the past，dogs have been used to find bombs.Rats have a good sense of smell and can respond to orders，just like dogs do.But r
24、ats are much lighter than dogs.They stand less of a chance of setting off the mines，which explode under a certain amount of weight.Whats more，the best rats are cheaper to keep than dogs.It costs about the same amount of money to take care of one dog as it does 70 rats.The rats have already been used
25、 in Tanzania，an African country with many land mines.Luisa Fernanda Mndez and her team in Colombia are training the even lighter Wistar rats.These are the white rats with red eyes that scientists often use in laboratory experiments.“They even train their babies to perform their jobs，which saves us a
26、 lot of time，”Mndez said.Colombia has the secondhighest rate(比率)of deaths from land mine accidents in the world.Last year，land mines killed 695 people56 of whom were children.A criminal(犯罪的)group called the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia，or FARC，as well as other organizations，have placed the
27、 mines.FARC are strongly against Colombias government.The group has placed mines all around its own bases and in many places in the countryside.In the past，the Colombian government hired peasants and poor farmers to find mines.Many of them died of trying to find the wellhidden bombs.Colombian police
28、 official Erick Guzmn hopes the team of rats can come to the rescue.“These rats will be a great help，”he said.12How do rats help to find land mines?ABy their sense of smell.BBy their light weight.CBy their special sight.DBy their excellent hearing.13The advantage of rats over dogs in finding bombs i
29、s that_.Athey are clevererBthey run fasterCthey have a better sense of smellDthey dont make mines explode as easily as dogs.14The underlined word“They” in Paragraph 4 may refer to_.AdogsBscientistsCWistar ratsDMndez and her team15What is the text mainly about?APeople in Tanzania are suffering from l
30、and mines.BSpeciallytrained rats help clear land mines.CDogs are no longer used to find land mines.DLand mines have become a great danger to Colombians.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Some people want to live a productive and successful life.There are many things for y
31、ou to do in order to achieve this._16_Here are some suggestions on how to successfully reach your goals，both large and small._17_No matter what stage of life you are in，you should know what you want for your life.Ask yourself questions such as：Do I want to work in this career for the rest of my life
32、? Do I need more education？Do I want to buy a house? What age do I want to retire? How can I have a successful marriage? How can I be a better parent to my kids?Write down your plan._18_ You can write down all that you want for your life.But unless you know how to achieve those goals，it will just be
33、 a dream.Decide what steps you need to take in order to develop your plans.Set large and small goals.Some people set 5 or 10year goals but leave out the time inbetween.It is much easier to reach a large goal if it is divided into smaller ones.Here is an example._19_So what do you do in the meantime?
34、 Goal 1 would be to start saving money.Goal 2 might be finding a house plan or researching contractors，etc.Big goals take a lot of time and preparations.So you should also set small goals for you to achieve when setting large ones._20_Find things to do in your spare time，which will help you reach yo
35、ur goals.Dont waste your time.AIt is never too old to learn.BMake good use of your time.CDecide what you want for your life.DMake a plan and then write it down.EYou want to build a house in the next 5 years.FAnd setting and achieving goals is one of them.GMost people want to see a large goal and ach
36、ieve it in a short time.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I had arrived at the airport about 30 minutes before the checkin.It had been very_21_three days for me with lots of meetings.So I was glad to have the_22_time to make a note of what I_23_to do the followin
37、g day.But then came the_24_that my flight had to be_25_because there was a problem with the plane.As I sat waiting for my_26_to be called，I reflected on my last meeting of the day.It was not a business meeting but rather a very enjoyable_27_with an old business friend I had not seen for over 12 year
38、s.Our lunch was spent recalling time gone by_28_filling each other in what had happened in our lives over the last 12 years.We both laughed and smiled as we recalled the good times and the great experiences we had_29_together.At the end of our time together，we both said how much we had _30_ it and t
39、hat we must do it again.It was great to have this additional time to replay in my_31_all that we had talked about.I realized how important it was to have regular_32_of the good times in our life.I was lucky enough to have had the chance to take a short_33_and reflect on the good things that had happ
40、ened in my life over the last 12 years.It was somewhat like looking at an old photo album_34_in a cupboard in your house.There before your eyes were lots of wonderful_35_that take you back to times and places，and most importantly to those people who were in the_36_.My flight home was finally_37_thre
41、e hours later.I smiled as I_38_the plane and realized that I was not at all _39_about the delay in the flight，as I had been able to spend the time _40_on the good times from days gone by.21.A.important BbusyCconvenientDuseful22A.pleasantBsatisfyingChappyDextra23A.hadBfailedCneededDmanaged24A.announc
42、ementBdeclarationCopeningDspeech25A.waitedBcancelledCtakenDdelayed26A.flightBturnCnameDorder27A.negotiationBlunchCpartyDdiscussion28A.as wellBexcept forCas well asDin addition29A.spentBmetCmanagedDshared30A.gotBenjoyedCmadeDpaid31A.thoughtBspiritCflightDmind32A.timeBplansCremindersDremainder33A.wayB
43、cutCmethodDbreak34A.stored awayBput onCset asideDgiven out35A.celebrationsBmemoriesCawardsDpresents36A.cupboardBbooksCchildhoodDphotos37A.shoutedBphonedCcalledDcommanded38A.leftBboardedCjumpedDreached39A.upsetBhappyCcrazyDsurprised40A.takingBseizingCreflectingDbringing.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材
44、料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 【导学号：24810048】Gandhi，an Indian national hero，was honored 41._ the father of the Indian nation.He has been respected and beloved by the Indians.He was born in India in 1869.42._ (follow)the local custom，he got 43._ (marry)at the age of 13.In 1888 he sailed to England，4
45、4._ he studied law for three years and became a lawyer.On his return to India，he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case.In South Africa he was surprised to find that the problem of 45._ (race)discrimination(种族歧视)was serious.There he formed an organization and started a magazine to fight for
46、equal rights.Gandhi returned to India in 1915，when India was controlled by the British.He led the Indians 46._ (fight)for an end to the British rule and 47._ (depend)for his country.In the political movement many Indians including Gandhi 48._ (put)in prison.49._，the struggles never stopped.The Briti
47、sh government had to give in and India won its independence in 1947.50._ (fortunate)Gandhi was shot by an Indian who opposed his views and died on January 30th,1948.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余
48、的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2016全国丙卷)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.They were also the best and worse years in my life.At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.However, my p
49、arents didnt seem to think such.They always tell me what to do and how to do it.At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.Now I am leaving home to college.At last，I will be on my own，but I
50、still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.书面表达(满分25分)假如你是张华，在你的17岁生日派对上，你的美籍老师John送给了你一份精美的礼物，但是你没打开看就把它放进了柜子里，他当时看起来很尴尬，你却不知为什么，也就没多问。后来，你跟你朋友谈起此事，你朋友说在美国，收到礼物当时不打开看是不礼貌的。你恍然大悟，决定用英语写封信给你的老师表示道歉。注意：词数100左右。_【详解答案】.【语篇解读】本文讲述的是在问路时遇见的各国的文化差异。1D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“.in Japan.People use l
51、andmarks(地标)in their directions instead of street names.”可知选D项。2B细节理解题。见倒数第二段第一句。3C细节理解题。见最后一段倒数第二、三句。4A推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了一些地方人们对方向的不同回答方式，因此可推出对旅行者来说理解文化差异是重要的，故选A项。B、D两项在文中并未提到；根据最后一段可知C项错误。【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者告诉我们不仅要对事物充满好奇，而且要寻找机会尝试新的做事方式。5C细节理解题。根据第一段的“I loved finding out how things worked”可知，作者之所以拆
52、开电脑是因为他对电脑充满好奇，想知道电脑是如何工作的。6A词义猜测题。由本段出现的“curiosity”及“I try to encourage them”可知，这里应该指当孩子们显示出极大的兴趣时。7B推理判断题，由文中出现的“try new ways of doing things”和“trying a new way of doing something”可知，作者旨在说明创新很重要。【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了米勒的生平经历及他的代表作推销员之死的内容。8B细节理解题。从文章第一段第二句“Millers father had moved to the USA from AustriaHu
53、ngary，drawn like so many others by theGreat American Dream”可知，和许多人一样，是美国梦吸引米勒的父亲去美国。9A细节理解题。从第二段第一句可知，米勒所写的这部戏剧抨击了美国社会制度，那种掠夺式的商业模式，那种对金钱的贪欲，以及那种以人的社会地位作为成功标志的价值观，这部戏剧在教育人们审视美国国民的价值观，重新审视所谓“美国梦”的价值。10A推理判断题。从文章第三段可知，推销员之死在首度公演之后，受到了人们热情的好评，也同时获得美国三个著名的文学奖项，由此它获得了巨大的成功。11D主旨大意题。本文的第一段和最后一段介绍米勒的生平，而二、
54、三段介绍了他的戏剧推销员之死以及这部戏剧所取得的巨大成功，故D项正确。【语篇解读】科学家们培训一种特殊的老鼠，让它们帮助人们扫雷。12A细节判断题。根据第二段中的“the rats can smell special metals in the mines and then signal to their human team”可知，这些老鼠能嗅出地雷里的特殊金属的气味。13D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They stand less of a chance of setting off the mines，which explode under a certain amount of wei
55、ght”可知，老鼠比狗体重轻，因此它们不会轻易引爆地雷。14C代词指代题。根据they前面的句子“Luisa Fernanda Mndez and her team in Colombia are training the even lighter Wistar rats.These are the white rats with red eyes that scientists often use in laboratory experiments”可知，这里的they指的是前面提到的Wistar rats。15B主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了科学家们培训一种特殊的老鼠，让它们帮助人们扫雷。故B
56、项正确。.1620FCDEB.【语篇解读】文章通过叙述“我”在等待飞机的时候对往事的回忆，告诉我们要经常停留一下，回顾生活中美好的事情。21B由下文“with lots of meetings”可知，答案选B，这里指很“繁忙的(busy)”三天，而不是important“重要的”；useful“有用的”；convenient“方便的”三天。22D依据上文“about 30 minutes before the checkin”可判断，此处指“我”有额外的时间来做别的事，因此答案选D。23C结合上文语境，此处指“我”很乐意有额外的时间来计划第二天“需要(needed)”做的事，所以答案选C。ha
57、ve to do sth.“不得不做某事”；fail to do sth.“未能做某事”；manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”，均不符合语境。24A依据语境可知，这里应指机场发布了一项通知，因此答案为A。25D从下文可知，航班是被延误了(delayed)，所以答案选D。cancel“取消”，不符合文义。26A飞机出了故障，“我”当然是等待“航班(flight)”，因此答案为A。27B由下文“Our lunch”可知，答案选lunch“午餐”。negotiation“谈判”；party“聚会”；discussion“讨论”，均不符合文意。28C用as well as 连接recal
58、ling 和filling两个动名词。29Dspend，meet，manage都不能与先行词times和experiences很好地搭配，因此答案选D，share“分享，共有”。30B由“we must do it again”可知，“我们”很满意那天的聚餐，因此答案选B。31D句意为“有这样的额外时间来回想我们的对话实在是太好了”。回想应是在大脑中。因此答案为mind。thought“思想”；spirit“精神”；flight“航班”，均不符合句意。32C这里说的是“我”的感受：“我”认识到经常回顾生命中的快乐时光是多么重要。reminder“引起回忆的事物”；time“时间”；plan“计
59、划”；remainder“剩余物”，依据句意，答案选C。33D由下文“reflect on the good things”可知，这里表示“我”有机会来短暂地放松，因此答案为D，take a short break“短暂的休息。”34A句意为“这就有点像是在看储藏在家中柜子里的老相册一样”。store away“贮藏”；put on“穿上”；set aside“留出”；give out“分发”。依据句意，答案选A。35B既然“take you back to times and places”，那么应是“许多精彩的回忆”，因此答案选B。celebration“庆祝”；award“奖品”；pre
60、sent“礼物”，均不符合句意。36D上文已经提到“an old photo album”，因此答案为D。37C由上文“As I sat waiting for my_26_to be called”可知，此处答案应为C。38Bboard the plane“登飞机”，答案选B。39A由“I smiled”可知，此时“我”的心情是很愉快的，所以对飞机的延迟并不“心烦(upset)”，故答案为A。40C由上文“reflected on my last meeting of the day”可知，答案选C，reflect on“认真思考”。take on“呈现”；seize on“抓住(可利用的事
61、物)”；bring on“导致，促使生长”，均不符合语境。.41.as42.Following43.married44.where45.racial46.to fight47.independence48.were put49.However50.Unfortunately.The teenage from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.They were also the best and years in my life.At the first, I thought I knew everything and could mak
62、e decisions by .However, my parents didnt seem to think .They always me what to do and how to do it.At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be from them.I showed them I was independent by strange clothes.Now I am leaving home college.At last，I will be on my own，b
63、ut I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.【参考范文】Dear John，I am writing to apologize for my not opening the present you sent to me at my birthday party.Thanks for taking part in my birthday.I was very glad when I received your present，and I really liked it，but I didnt have a lo
64、ok at it and directly put it in the cupboard.I didnt know that it was impolite.Later，when I had a chat with my friend I spoke of it.My friend told me that it was impolite not to open the present when one received it in America.So I was aware that I made a mistake.I feel terribly sorry for that.In China we usually dont open a present in front of the person who sends it.Now I know why you looked embarrassed then.I apologize for that again and I hope you can forgive me.Yours truly， Zhang Hua
