1、动词的被动语态经典例题单项选择：1. Were sure that the environment in our city _ greatly through our work in the near future. A. improved B. was improved C. has improved D. will be improved2. The pet dog is warm and loving. It _ as a daughter of my family.A. treatsB. treatedC. is treatedD. was treated3. When Tim _ w
2、hy he was late for school, he just kept silent.A. was asked B. asked C. was asking D. is asked4. He is very surprised that all the houses in the village _ white.A. paintB. paintedC. are paintingD. are painted5. If it isnt fine this weekend, our spring field trip _. A. is cancelled B. was cancelled C
3、. will be cancelled6. A. new hospital _ in my town next year. A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. will be built7. Tom! I looked for you everywhere at the party last night. Oh, I to the party.A. am invited B. was invited C. am not invited D. wasnt invited8. Many students _ changes to show themselves in cl
4、ass because the class size is too big.A. dont give B. arent given C. havent given D. wont give 9. Pukou Railway Station _ in 1911 and it has become a filming location for films and TV plays in recent yearsAbuildBis builtCbuiltDwas built10. Your school is so beautiful Thanks! A modern stadium and a b
5、ig garden _ to make it nicer this yearAwill be built Bhas been built Cis built11.These model cars _ in China in 2019. A. are made B. were made C. make D. made12. Dont smoke here, Dad. Smoking _ in public places. Oh, sorry. Ill stop right now. A. isnt allowed B.arent allowed C. doesnt allow13. Many h
6、ouses _ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless. A. damaged B. were damaged C. were damaging D. are damaged 14. Now its much easier to shop online. When your order is ready, the things you want to buy to you soon. ） A. send B. were sent C. are sending D. will be sent15. The tele
7、phone _ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 Ais invented Binvented Cwas invented16. Hobo, can I eat the hamburger? Sure, if the dishes _Awash Bare washed Cwill wash Dwill be washed17. The poor girl _ by the unfriendly boys when she told her storyAlaughed at Bwas laughed at Claughs at Dis laughed18. The
8、 novel _ by many people today.A. is read B. are read C. reads D. were read19. You cant wear shoes inside this place. It _.A. doesnt allow B. isnt allowedC. hasnt allowed D. wasnt allowed【答案与解析】1. D。句意：我们相信，通过努力，我们城市的环境在不久的将来会得到巨大的改善。根据in the near future可知，应用一般将来时；环境应该是被改善，所以用被动语态，故选D项。2. C。句意：这只宠物狗既
9、友好又令人喜爱。它被当作我家的女儿一样对待。由于主语it和动词treat构成被动关系，故本题须用被动语态。又由题干中的is warm可知应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are动词的过去分词。故答案为C项。3. A。句意：当Tim被问到他为什么上学迟到时，他只是保持沉默。由句意可知主语是动作的承受者，又因为题干中的动词都为过去式，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为A项。4. D。句意为“他对村子里所有的房子都被粉刷上白色感到惊讶”，因为房子是不能自己刷上白色的，所以必须用被动语态。5. C。句意：这个周末如果天气不好，我们的春游将被取消。if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原
10、则，故此处主句应用一般将来时的被动语态，故答案为C项。6. D。句意：明年在我家乡要建一所新医院。医院与建造为被动关系，应用被动语态，故排除A、B两项；由next year(明年)可知用一般将来时。故选D。7. D。本题意为：Tom!昨晚在聚会上我到处找你。噢，我没被邀请去聚会，故本题应用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案选D。8. B。句意：很多学生在上课的时候都没有机会展示自己，因为班级人数太多。学生应该被给予机会，所以应该使用被动语态，故选B项。9. D。句意：浦口火车站建于1911年，近年来它已经成为电影和电视剧的拍摄地。根据in 1911可知，应用一般过去时；火车站是被建的，所以用被动语态
11、，故选D项。 10. A。由语境可知，今年还会建一个现代化的体育场和一座大花园，这会使校园更漂亮。一般将来时的被动语态，故选A。 11. B。句意：这些模型汽车是中国2019年制造的。由时间状语in 2019可知时态为过去时，model cars与动词make之间为被动关系，故选B。 12. A。句意为“在公共场所吸烟不被允许”，考查被动语态，smoking应视作单数，故选择A。 13. B。句意：很多房子都被地震毁坏了，成千上万的人无家可归。根据句意和句中的“thousands of people were left homeless”可知，这里用的是一般过去时态，并且many houses
12、和damage构成被动关系，是一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。 14. D。句意：现在在网上购物容易的多啦。当你的订单准备好了，你想买的东西时很快就会送给你。things是send这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。根据soon一词可知用一般将来时，所以该用一般将来时的被动语态形式，因此选D。15. C。句意：Alexander Graham Bell于1876年发明了电话。由“in 1876”可知，应用一般过去时；且主语“the telephone”是invent动作的承受者，因此应用被动语态，故选C。16. B。if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时，从句应用一般现在时表示将来；“the dish
13、es”与wash之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态。因此，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。17. B。laugh at意为“嘲笑”。本句是一个复合句，根据“when she told her story”可知，主句应用一般过去时，故排除C、D两项；主句主语“the poor girl”是动作laugh at的承受者，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。句意为：当那位可怜的女孩讲述她的故事时，被那些不友好的男孩嘲笑了，故选B。 18. A。主语是the novel，所以谓语要用单数形式，所以排除答案B和D；题中出现明显时间词today，所以时态应为一般现在时，故答案为A。 19. B。句意：你不能在这里穿
14、鞋子，这是不允许的。这里的it是句子的主语，它与allow之间是被动关系，用被动语态（构成：be + 及物动词的过去分词）；作为一项规则，用一般现在时，故选B。【用法讲解】考试要求：中考要求掌握：动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用，不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。如：We often clean the blackboard.（我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态）The blackboard is often cleaned by us. （黑板是clean
15、的承受者即被动语态）。1. 被动语态的结构一般现在时：am / is / are + 及物动词的过去分词一般过去时：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词一般将来时：will / shall be + 及物动词的过去分词现在完成时：have / has been + 及物动词的过去分词现在进行时：am / is / are being + 及物动词的过去分词过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词如：You are wanted on the phone. 有你的电话。China was liberated in 1949. 1949年中国解放。The problem wil
16、l be discussed tomorrow. 明天将对这个问题进行讨论。Not a book in the library has been taken away.图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。My bike is being repaired.我的自行车正在修理。The book had been borrowed when I got to the library. 我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。2. 主动语态与被动语态的转换（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be过去分词），根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定b
17、e的形式。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。如：All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree.A tree was cut down by him.3. 含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。We
18、can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.4.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态主动语态: 主语 + 谓语动词 + 间接、直接宾语 + 其他被动语态: 间接宾语 + be + 过去分词 + 直接宾语 + 其他(比较常用)或:直接宾语 + be + 过去分词 + 介词(for / to) + 间接宾语 + 其他如：My father gave me a new book on my birth
19、day. I was given a new book on my birthday (by my father). A new book was given to me on my birthday (by my father). 我的父亲在我的生日那天给我买了一本新书。My father bought me a new computer yesterday. I was bought a new computer yesterday (by my father). A new computer was bought for me yesterday (by my father). 我的父亲
20、昨天给我买了一台新电脑。5.含有短语动词的主动语态变为被动语态有些相当于及物动词的短语动词,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可用于被动语态,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。如: She looks after her grandmother. Her grandmother is looked after (by her). 她照顾她的祖母。6.带有复合宾语的主动语态变为被动语态带有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的主动语态变为被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动语态的主语,原来的宾语补足语不动。如：His teacher found him a very good pupil. He was f
21、ound a very good pupil by his teacher. 他的老师发现他是一个很好的学生。7.变被动语态的其他注意点（1） 在主动句中, let, make, see, hear等动词后作宾补的动词不定式不带to,但在被动句中,则要保留to。如：Lindas parents make her practice the piano every Sunday. Linda is made to practice the piano every Sunday.琳达的父母亲使她每天练习钢琴。（2） 有些及物动词如have(有),reach, cost等,以及有些连系动词如smell
22、, taste, sound, feel等,不用于被动语态。如：【误】 Five dollars is cost by this book.【正】 This book costs five dollars. 书花费了5元。【误】 The food is tasted nice.【正】 The food tastes nice. 食物尝起来挺好。（3） 如move, lock, shut, open等作不及物动词与cant, wont等连用时,以及如read, write, wash, clean等作不及物动词与well, easily等副词连用时,已含有被动意义,因此形式上不再采用被动结构。如
23、：The door wont open. 门不能开了。 The clothes wash well. 衣服洗好了。巩固与拓展I.单项选择。1. Its reported that some capsules（胶囊）are really bad for our health. Sounds terrible. Hopefully the problem as soon as possible. A. is solved B. has solved C. was solved D. will be solved2. Many trees and flowers _ in our city ever
24、y year. A. planted B. are planted C. were planted3. Last year, Shenzhou-8 _ into the space. It made us proud. A. is sent B. was sent C. sends D. sent 4. Thousands of houses _ by the floods in Guangxi last month. A. destroy B. destroyed C. have destroyed D. were destroyed5Last year lots of trees _ to
25、 make our country more beautiful. Ais planted Bwas planted Care planted Dwere planted6. Another railway station _ in Changsha in 2019. A. was built B. build C. will be built7. The road _ last year. A. builds B. built C. was built D. is built8. Last month a new law _ in China to stop people from smok
26、ing in public places. A. is passed B. passes C. had passed D. was passed9. Can you sing this English song? Of course, I can. It _ many times on the radio. A. taught B. has taught C. is taught D. has been taught10. Teenagers _ to follow the traffic rules. A. should be taught B. should teach C. can be
27、 allowed11. What a clean and bright classroom, isnt it? Yes, its always clean and bright because it _ every day. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned12. Students are _ to speak loudly in the reading room. A. told B. supposed C. not supposed D. allowed13. The funny story made all of us _
28、 for a long time.A. smiled B. laughed C. laugh D. to laugh14. The old man looks very _.A. worry B. worrying C. worried D. to worry15. May I watch the football match on TV?If your homework _ , you can watch it.A. will do B. is done C. has done D. will be done16. She _ in the next room just now. She m
29、ust be there now.A. heard to singB. was heard to singC. heard singingD. heard sing17. My bike is broken?Why not have it _?A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair18. He _ make faces in class by the teacher yesterday.A. asked not to B. asked to not C. was asked not to D. was asked to not19. Co
30、ffee is ready. How nice it _! Would you like some?A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. feels20. He was made _ his homework for three hours by his mother.A. doing B. to do C. do D. does21. Oh, the milk _ strangedo you think its OK to drink?A. is tastedB. is tasting C.tastesD. tasted22. These books should
31、_ to the library on time.A. send B. be returnedC. give backD. be got back23. Could you tell me which _ best among the books on sale?A. is soldB. sells C. are writtenD. writes24. Most international business letters _ in English.A. is writtenB. are writtenC. is writingD. are writing25. You were notice
32、d _ the window_ just now.A. breaking, open B. to break, open C. opening, break D. to be broken, openII.用所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1. Do you know that young trees must _ (water) once a week?2. Some boys _ (ask) to go fishing with their teacher after class yesterday afternoon, though they didnt want to.3. My mo
33、ther enjoys _ (listen) to some popular songs.4. Would you mind _ (open) the door for me?5. It is raining hard outside. You had better _ (stay) at home.6. Why not _ (go) shopping with me this afternoon?7. Listen! Someone _ (sing) in your room. Who is it?8. The students _ (plant) more than two hundred
34、 trees so far.9. Your mother _ (watch) TV when we got to your house.10. We will come and help you if it _ (be) fine tomorrow.【答案与解析】I.单项选择。1.D。句意为“希望问题能被尽快解决”。所以用一般将来时的被动语态，应选D。2. B。句意为“每年我们城市要种许多树和花”。物作主语，又是一般现在时，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态。 3. B。句意为“去年神州八号被发送进入太空”。可知用一般过去时的被动语态。4. D。本题是考查动词一般过去时的被动语态。由last mon
35、th 可知用一般过去时，Thousands of houses作主语，用被动语态，所以选D。5. D。本题是考查动词一般过去时的被动语态，主语是lots of trees，所以选D。6. C。本题是考查一般将来时的被动语态，有时间in 2019可知选C。7. C。本题考查一般过去时的被动语态，因为the road是主语，用被动语态，时间是last year用一般过去时，所以选C。8. D。本题考查一般过去时的被动语态，因为a new law是主语，用被动语态，last month用一般过去时，所以选D。9. D。本题是考查动词现在完成时的被动语态，主语it 代替this English son
36、g，用被动语态，又知到目前为止已经被教许多次了，用现在完成时，所以选D。10. A。本题考查情态动词的被动语态，用should be done形式，句意为“青少年应该被教遵循交通规则”。11. C。本题考查动词一般现在时的被动语态，因为教室每天被清洁，所以选C。12. C。本题是考查 be supposed to do的句式，意为“理应做某事”，这里表示否定，句意为“学生本不应该在阅览室里大声说话”所以选择C。13. C。在动词make的后面用省略to的动词不定式即动词原形作宾语补足语，所以选择C。14. C。本题是考查动词的过去分词的用法，过去分词worried在连系动词的后面作表语，相当于
37、形容词，表示“感到担心”，所以选择C。15. B。本题是if引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，本句的主语homework不能执行后面的动作，所以用被动语态。综合考虑选择B。16. B。本题是考查动词的被动语态的用法，动词短语hear somebody do something是用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中用带to的动词不定式，所以选择B。17. B。本题是考查动词的非谓语的用法。动词短语have something 过去分词表示“请别人做”的意思。所以在这个短语中用过去分词。18. C。本题是考查动词的被动语态的用法，从句子意思判断应用被动语态，动词短语as
38、k somebody to do something的被动语态是be asked to do something，本句的时态是一般过去时，所以选择C。19. B。本题是考查连系动词的用法，从句子的意思理解是咖啡闻起来很好的意思，所以用连系动词smell。20. B。本题是考查动词的被动语态的用法。动词短语make somebody do something的被动语态是be made to do something，所以选择B。21. C。此题易误选为A或B。taste是连系动词，它没有现在进行时或被动语态。正确答案为C。22. B。考查含有情态动词的被动语态用法。其结构为“情态动词 + be
39、+ 过去分词”。23. B。“请告诉我展销的书中哪一种畅销，好吗？”sell作“销售”解，是不及物动词，不用被动语态。此题易误选A。又如Butter sells very dear. 奶油卖得很贵。24. B。本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。25. B。本题是考查动词的被动语态的用法，动词短语notice somebody do something的被动语态把省略的to还原，而break the window open意思是“砸开窗户”，因此排除D，所以选择B。II.用所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1. be watered 2. were asked 3. listening 4. opening 5. stay6. go 7. is singing 8. have planted 9. was watching 10. is第 7 页
