1、第七节非谓语动词(2)不定式动词不定式是构成长句的一个重要因素。不定式有自己的宾语、状语和补足语，组成不定式短语。在分析句子时要把不定式短语看作一个整体。不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补足语。一、不定式作主语(1)(2015高考江苏卷)It is everybodys duty to observe them to keep our society in order.遵守它们(交通规则)保持社会秩序是每个人的责任。(2)(2015高考广东卷)It takes four to six weeks to finish the report.要完成这个报告会花费我四到六周的时间。(3
2、)(2014高考天津卷)It is a great honour for me to tell you some information relevant to the local life.能告诉你关于当地生活的一些相关信息是我的荣幸。(4)(2014高考江苏卷)We can see that its not uncommon for one language to borrow words from other languages.我们可以看到一种语言借用其他语言的词汇的现象很普遍。(5)(2014高考江苏卷)Its not difficult for them to understand
3、 these words in Chinese contexts.对他们来说，在汉语语境中理解这些词汇并不难。二、不定式作宾语(1)(2016高考全国甲卷)Hope to hear from you soon.希望尽快收到你的来信。(2)(2015高考四川卷)I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.我从你的海报上得知你想提高普通话。(3)(2014高考江苏卷)I tend to take the “Against” side for two reasons.我倾向于支持反对方，原因有两个。(4)(2013高
4、考北京卷)People need to learn to accept the reality and keep on trying.人们需要学会接受事实，继续努力。三、不定式作表语(1)(2014高考安徽卷)The important thing is to learn to control your temper.重要的是学会控制你的情绪。(2)(2013高考山东卷)The first thing I plan to do is to do a parttime job in a fastfood restaurant.我计划做的第一件事是在快餐店做兼职。四、不定式作定语(1)(2015高
5、考重庆卷)Youve introduced two ways to share books .你介绍了两个分享书籍的方法：(2)(2015高考北京卷)It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture.它提供给像你我一样的青少年一个享受运动、了解中国文化的机会。(3)(2014高考安徽卷)Physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.体育锻炼是一个排解怒气的有效方法。(4)(2014高考福建卷
6、)Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.成功在于百折不挠。五、不定式作状语(1)(2015高考广东卷)We should make full use of time to study.我们应该充分利用时间来学习。(2)(2015高考福建卷)We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.我们应该努力通过学习提高自我，为未来做好准备。(3)(2014高考湖北卷)A
7、man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation.一个人迅速跑过去给那个女孩急救，我毫不犹豫地参与了。(4)(2014高考重庆卷)Although it was not expensive，in order to buy me the gift，my dad made every effort to earn the money.尽管不贵，为了给我买这个礼物，我的爸爸竭尽全力挣钱。(5)(2014高考湖南卷)To make our life easier and
8、 the environment more beautiful，I have designed a pair of magic shoes.为了使我们的生活更轻松、环境更美好，我设计了一双有魔力的鞋。六、不定式作补足语(1)(2016高考北京卷)In fact，he inspires me to major in English in college.实际上他鼓励我在大学主修英语。(2)(2015高考广东卷)She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required every one to follow them.她耐
9、心地向学生解释每一条规则，而且要求他们每个人遵守。(3)(2015高考课标全国卷)Id like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.我想邀请你在下周六和我们一起去附近的敬老院过重阳节。(4)(2014高考广东卷)In my opinion, those who have received her donation will be encouraged to study even harder and try the
10、ir best to achieve success.在我看来，那些收到她的捐赠的人会受到鼓励，会更努力地学习，尽他们的最大努力获得成功。(5)(2014高考辽宁卷)Every one of you is expected to be part of the event.希望每个人都是这个活动中的一部分。七、疑问词不定式(1)(2015高考北京卷)Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.上周二，我们班邀请了一位老手艺人来教我们怎样做面人。(2)(2014高考
11、江西卷)It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.非常荣幸在这里与你们分享我的关于高中学习内容的观点。八、形容词不定式(1)(2014高考陕西卷)Dear guests，you are welcome to take part in some activities.亲爱的来宾，欢迎大家参加一些活动。(2)(2014高考天津卷)Im very delighted to learn that youre coming to our class to s
12、tudy with us as an exchange student next term.我很高兴得知下学期你要作为一名交换生来我们班和我们一起学习。(3)(2013高考天津卷)I am good at communicating and always ready to help others.我擅长交际，乐于助人。(4)(2013高考陕西卷)At this very moment，my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining.就在这时，我的父母回来了，看到
13、所有房间整洁、地面光亮感到非常惊讶。(5)(2013高考广东卷)However, without their hard work, it is difficult to imagine what our environment would be like.然而，没有他们的辛勤劳动，很难想象我们的环境会是什么样的。九、不定式的主动形式表达被动含义(1)(2014高考福建卷)The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.自行车似乎很沉，难以控制。(2)(2014高考山东卷)Once，I was faced with great difficu
14、lty in learning English，especially in vocabulary and grammar, which, from my point of view, is unlikely to overcome.我曾经在学英语方面遇到很大困难，尤其是词汇和语法，这在我看来是不可能克服的。(3)(2013高考广东卷)In some experts opinion, living conditions on the Mars are very hard to tolerate.在一些专家看来，火星上的生活条件艰苦得难以忍受。针对训练用不定式翻译下列句子1现在我有一个好消息要告诉
15、你。 2我们应该学会高效学习。 3现在，我们在那里停放自行车容易了。 4我们应该学会怎样与别人相处的融洽。 5我们可能有不同的方法来处理这一情况。 答案：1.Now，I have a piece of good news to tell you.2We should learn to learn efficiently.3Now it is easy for us to park our bikes there.4We should learn how to get along well with others.5We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.
