1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家专题六特殊句式 知 识 梳 理 一、强调句it强调句强调主语，主语为人时，that可换成who：It is /was主语that /who其他成分It was my father that /who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.It was we that /who arrived there first, though we went a wrong way.强调宾语，宾语为人时，可用that /who：It is /was宾语that /who其他成分It was the experimen
2、t that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. It was his sister that /who Tom met at the school gate yesterday.强调时间状语：It is /was时间状语that其他成分It was on Monday night that all this happened.It was yesterday that Tom met his sister at the school gate.强调地点状语：It is /was地点状语that其他成分It was at the school
3、 gate that Tom met his sister yesterday.It was in the store that my father bought the cake.it强调句的一般疑问句：Is /Was it被强调部分that其他成分？Was it Lucy that phoned just now?Was it last year that the building was completed？it强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)is /was itthat其他成分？Why was it that you didnt attend the meeting? How
4、was it that he went to school？强调主语从句：It is /was主语从句that其他成分It was what he said at the party that made her so angry.强调状语从句：It is /was状语从句that其他成分It was only when I reread his poem that I began to appreciate its beauty.not until句型中的强调：It is /wasnot until.that其他成分It was not until 12 oclock that he went
5、 to bed.It was not until the last operation was finished that Bethune left the battle hospital.强调句型的判断方法：将句中的It is /was和that /who去掉，如果句子意义和结构仍完整就是强调句，否则就不是It was three years ago that he went to America for a further study. (强调句)It is the best film that I have seen. (定语从句)对时间、地点或原因状语从句强调时只用that，不用whe
6、n, where, whyIt was because it rained heavily that they didnt go swimming.对谓语动词的强调助动词do, does, did用在动词原形前，用来对谓语动词进行强调Do come here tomorrow.He does study hard.其他强调方式.the very名词At the very minute, the door opened.反身代词I saw it myself when the accident happened.ever, even, just, indeed, only, right等副词被强
7、调部分I just cant believe my eyes.Why ever /What ever /When ever等do /be主语其他部分？What ever is the matter with you？What. is / was.What I am going to tell you is that you are already admitted to Beijing University.强调词助动词主谓其他成分Never have I seen such a strange person.二、倒装句部分倒装not, few, never, hardly, little,
8、seldom, rarely, by no means, in no way, in no case, at no time, under no circumstances等否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，句子部分倒装Never in my life have I seen such a thing.Seldom does he come back on Sundays.not only.but (also).连接两个分句置于句首时，not only分句用部分倒装Not only is he interested in football but also he plays it well.no
9、 sooner.than, hardly /scarcely.when.结构中，no sooner /hardly /scarcely置于句首时，主句用部分倒装，且多用过去完成时，than / when后的句子多用一般过去时Hardly / Scarcely had he fallen asleep when a loud knock at the door awaked him. No sooner had I reached the station than the train moved.not.until结构中，not until置于句首时，主句用部分倒装Not until his m
10、other came back did he finish his homework.副词only状语(介词短语、副词、状语从句)置于句首时，句子部分倒装Only then did I realize the importance of learning English. Only after he came back was I able to see him. so /such.that句型中，so /such.置于句首时So moved was she that she could not say a word.So hard does he work that he has made
11、great progress in English.as /though引导让步状语从句时，常把名词、形容词、副词、动词原形移到as /though之前；如果作表语的是单数可数名词，要省略冠词Young as /though I am, I have made up my mind to become what I want to be when I grow up.Child as/though he is, he has to make a living. so, neither, nor置于句首，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时I have never been to Guangzho
12、u University, neither / nor has he.She has finished her homework, so has her brother.完全倒装up, down, out, in, away, off等表示地点方位的副词或there, here, now, then等置于句首时，若主语是名词用全部倒装，若主语是人称代词，则不倒装Here are some registered letters for you. In came a man with a white beard. Here he comes.表示地点的介词短语置于句首时，且谓语动词为be, lie
13、, live, sit, hang, remain, stand, exist等表示“存在”的不及物动词时On top of the mountain stands an ancient temple.At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.主、系、表结构中的表语置于句首时Present at the meeting were Mr. Li and many other officers.Gone are the day
14、s when we used the foreign oil. 直接引语的一部分位于句首时“Exactly”， said the father, shaking the old friends hands.三、省略句简单句的省略省略主语(You) Open the door, please.省略主谓或主谓的一部分(Is there) Anything else? (You come) This way please.省略宾语Do you know Tom?I dont know (him).省略表语Are you hungry? Yes, I am (hungry).并列句的省略后一分句可以省
15、略与前边分句相同的部分To some life is pleasure, and to others (life is) suffering.名词性从句中的省略宾语从句中连接词that可以省略，and连接两个或两个以上的that从句时，只能省第一个thatI hope (that) you can come.I hope (that) you can come and that you can help me.think /believe /suppose /expect /hopeso /not结构的省略Is she coming? I believe so /not.which, when
16、, where, why和how引导的宾语从句可以省略全部或部分内容，但引导词不能省略I know there will be a football match but I dont know when (the football match will begin).定语从句中的省略作宾语的关系代词that, which, whom常省略Is this the reason (that) you explained at the meeting for your carelessness? 状语从句中的省略状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词有be时，可以省略从句的主语和beWo
17、rk hard when (you are) young, or youll regret.当状语从句的主语为it，谓语动词含有be动词时，可以省略it和beUnless (it is) necessary youd better not drive so fast.在if so /not, if any, if ever, if necessary /possible等结构中You can use my car, if (it is) necessary.虚拟条件句中的省略虚拟条件句中省略if，把were, had, should提前Were I you, I would accept th
18、e invitation.不定式的省略不定式作love, like, hope, wish, prefer, mean, refuse, expect等动词的宾语时，只保留不定式符号toYou can do the work this way if you would like to (do the work)不定式作allow, ask, tell, advise, force, want等的宾补时If he doesnt want to go there, dont force him to (go there).不定式作happy, glad, ready, willing, eager等词的状语时Could you mind looking after my cat? Not at all. I would be happy to (look after your cat).不定式符号to后为have或be时，要保留have或beAre you a teacher? No, but I want to be (one).一些固定结构中的省略be able to, be going to, ought to, have to, used to等I dont go swimming now but I used to (go swimming).- 6 - 版权所有高考资源网
