1、单元检测(四)Unit 4Global warming(满分：120分限时：100分钟)答题栏12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940.阅读理解A“Beijings air pollution reached dangerous levels yet again on Sunday，marking the third continuous day of severe smog”， urban environmental authorities said.The weather station
2、of the city announced the citys first orange fog warning Sunday morning due to decreased visibility caused by the heavy smog.Monitoring data on Sunday showed that air quality indexes in most regions of Beijing had hit 500, the indexes highest level.“Beijing carried out its emergency response plan fo
3、r dangerous pollution for the first time on Sunday，”said Yu Jianhua，director of the air quality department under the city environmental protection bureau.The plan，put forth last year，includes multiple measures to take and respond to risky levels of air pollution.The plan calls for construction sites
4、 to limit construction activity that creates large amounts of dust as well as asks industrial enterprises to reduce emissions (排放) during dangerous pollution days.The plan also calls for education authorities to instruct schools to limit or completely stop outdoor activity during periods of heavy ai
5、r pollution.The urban environmental monitoring center said readings for PM 2.5，or airborne particles measuring less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter，had reached more than 700 micrograms per square meter at several monitoring stations in Beijing，reaching as high as 993 on Saturday evening.“These figu
6、res represent extremely bad pollution. Pollutants have gradually accumulated over the course of recent windless days，making the air quality even worse，”said Zhu Tong, a professor from the college of environmental sciences and engineering at Peking University.“Private stock firms are seeking opportun
7、ities to invest in clean technology companies in China，especially those that may help to reduce air pollution long term.However，there is a long way to go before the offthelevel smog is stopped，”Yu Jianhua added.The pollution is expected to swallow Beijing until Wednesday，when wind will arrive to blo
8、w the smog away, according to a weather report from the weather station.1Beijing carried out its emergency response plan to_.Aanswer the call of environmental authoritiesBmeet the demand of environmental authoritiesCfollow the order of the weather stationDdeal with the damaging health effects of pol
9、lution2Which of the following is true of the news?AThe weather has worsened the situations.BThe weather station announced the citys red fog warning.CThe plan ordered construction sites to stop construction activity.DAir quality indexes in most districts have hit 993.3According to Yu Jianhua, _.Ait w
10、ont be long before air pollution is reducedBit isnt easy to reduce air pollution in a very short timeCit isnt necessary for people to do more about air pollutionDit is impossible to get rid of air pollution4What is the passage mainly about?ABeijings air quality indexes and readings for PM 2.5.BBeiji
11、ngs emergency response plan for pollution.CSmog covers Beijing and the air is heavily polluted.DClean technology companies help to reduce air pollution.BCarbon monoxide (一氧化碳) poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around the world. The gas has been a problem since people first began bu
12、rning fuels to cook food or to create heat. It is a problem in all parts of the world that experiences cold weather.Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air. The gas has no color. It has no taste. It has no smell. It does not cause burning eyes. And it
13、does not cause people to cough. But it is very deadly. It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen.Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues. It does this by linking with the blood. When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry oxy
14、gen to the tissues that need it.Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide. How quickly this happens depends on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of the gas he or she breathes in. Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs. But peop
15、le have to be awake to recognize them. Small amounts of the gas will cause a persons head to hurt. He or she may begin to feel tired. The person may feel sick. The room may appear to be turning around. The person may have trouble thinking clearly. People develop severe head pain as the amount of gas
16、 continues to enter their blood. They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy. They may have terrible stomach pains.Medical experts say carbon monoxide affects people differently. For example, a small child will experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will. The general health o
17、f the person or his or her age can also be important. An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems. People with heart disease may suffer chest pains. They may begin to have trouble breathing.5Why is carbon mo
18、noxide called the silent killer?ABecause it tastes and smells good.BBecause it is not easily noticed.CBecause it kills and injures people.DBecause it always harms people.6How does carbon monoxide harm people?AIt makes peoples blood unable to move.BIt decreases the amount of blood in the body.CIt mak
19、es body tissues full of blood.DIt makes the blood less able to carry oxygen.7When people breathe in small amounts of the gas, they may _.Afeel a little dizzyBsuffer a severe headacheCgo around in the room Dhave a terrible stomachache8Which of the following about carbon monoxide poisoning is TRUE?AAd
20、ults are affected more seriously than children.BYoung people are more severely affected than old people.CPeople in poor health may have more severe consequences.DPeople with heart problem only suffer from chest pains.CSince the beginning of the year, smog has covered parts of North China. In January
21、, Beijing saw only five days without smog. The rising PM 2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory (呼吸系统) and heart diseases.Later, news of polluted underground water in some provi
22、nces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe.So the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere. Smog especially is a common concern. Like a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite
23、 your income or vocation. People with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else. At a meeting on Monday, many Representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. O
24、ne talked about his experience in Beijing. “After taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, I washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. We should ask ourselves this question: Why do we want to develop? Its for living a better life. Dirty air is def
25、initely not a better life，” he said. China needs to develop its economy and invest (投资) in hightech. Every Chinese wants a strong country. But without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will become meaningless. Space technologies are not to be developed for building
26、 a base on Mars so that one day all human beings can migrate to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth. What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China. President Hu Jintao spoke at the 18th Party Congress last November, saying that great efforts must be made to promote ecological pr
27、ogress and build a beautiful China. The words have shown the central governments resolution to address the environment issue.9The effect of smog doesnt include_.Athe rising of PM 2.5 readingsBmore people suffering diseasesCthe increase of peoples incomeDthe increase of patients suffering acute spira
28、tory in hospital10Why smog has become a common concern?ABecause people have to pay higher prices.BBecause nobody can avoid it.CBecause we have to develop industry.DBecause a popular online post discussed it.11From the last two paragraphs we can infer that_.Ahightech can completely solve the problem
29、of pollutionBspace technologies should be developed in a large scaleCwe can move to the Mars after the earth has been destroyedDwe must protect the environment while developing economyDIn a nation with a onechild family planning policy, its understandable for parents to worry over whether they are p
30、etting their children. Are the children truly as fragile as sometimes made out to be?The concern has been brought into focus with the popularity of a hit reality TV series, Hunan TVs Dad! Where Are We Going? and Zhejiang TVs First Time in Life. In both, children as young as three have become new pub
31、lic figures. In the show First Time in Life, children chosen from ordinary families are given small tasks to complete by themselves；the ongoing Dad! Show centers on five celebrity fathers and their children who are forced to live a simple life in rural areas, far outside their comfort zone.Regardles
32、s of their families background, the childrens reactions to new environments have struck the public. In one episode of Dad! , the fiveyearold daughter of former Olympic diving champion Tian Liang cries and hides behind her father when they arrive at a rural village. In an episode of the other series,
33、 a young girl in Tianjin breaks down into a tearful fit after being asked by her father to go out alone to buy eggs and a pancake. In the eyes of some observers, these kids show no sense of independence, and the reason is put down to parents who are overly sheltering. But television viewers and pare
34、nts were heartened when the sobbing Tianjin girl finally wiped away her tears as she returned holding the pancake. In the case of Tians daughter, she eventually began to take care of her younger companions and learned to seek help from people she didnt know. The father of the Tianjin girl felt “deli
35、ghtfully_shocked” and said. “She used to have to be accompanied by her mother or grandmother. Now she has the courage to do it all by herself. ”The shows have led many parents to change how they raise their children. Shanghai mother Liang Jing said she would try to “give some training” to her shy so
36、n, asking him to tidy up his toys. Lin Yi, a parenting expert in Beijing, said giving kids a chance to do things for themselves helps to raise their sense of achievement, which carries benefits throughout their lives.12The children in the two programs Dad! Where Are We going? and First Time in Life
37、are different in_.Afamily background Bage groupCpersonality Dpopularity13What attracts the audiences eyes in the programs?AWhat the kids family background is like.BWhere childrens real comfort zone is.CHow children react to new environments.DWhy those children are independent.14It can be inferred fr
38、om the underline words “delightfully shocked” that_.Afather is more important than mother in a familyBchildren deserve a chance to be independent Cparents should provide a safe environmentDthe children are as fragile as parents expected15The shows are bound to raise a wave of discussion about_. Apro
39、tecting good traditions Bthe social safetyCapproaches to parenting Dthe influence of TV programmes .任务型阅读How to Eat slowly to Avoid OvereatingEating slowly can help you to better understand your real hunger signals and can help you to recognize reasons for faster eating, such as emotions or simply l
40、iking the taste of a food. However, eating slowly is not a decision that you make suddenly._16_1Adjust you mind. Do not even attempt to acquire the habit of eating slowly before youre mentally ready. Relax and use your imagination to create mental images that your brain will remember. As part of thi
41、s mental process, imagine yourself lean and fit.2_17_. Eating slowly isnt just about slowing down the chewing; it also about slowing down your food choices. As you show out the processed food, replace it with healthy, unprocessed or much less processed choices.3Always relax before you start eating.
42、Take a few deep breaths through the nose and not through the mouth . As you do so, hold your breath briefly and exhale (呼气) slowly by the mouth._18_ In this way, you start to remove any risk of comfort eating.4Drink a glass of water or eat a small bowl of soup before your main dish. This will help y
43、ou sense of fullness. Be aware that not everyone advocates drinking during a meal though, as some people believe that this can remove the nutrients from your meal. _19_5Spend at least 20 minutes on your meal._20_ Eat your last portion really slowly, if you are still hungry after 20 minutes ，it means
44、 you are eating too fast!APut the fork down after putting food in your mouth.BGet rid of the stress before you start eating.CRather, its a habit that youll need to acquire with practice.DHowever, specialists believe water actually aids in digestion.ERemove as many processed foods from your plate or
45、food storage as possible.FHave a wall clock in plain view from the table to adjust your eating speed.GIt is wise to speak to your doctor about this, if its still the case for you.完形填空I stopped at a grocery store the other day because I was about to go on a long drive, and I wanted to buy my favorite
46、 drink for the trip. It wasnt the _21_ I normally go to, just one I passed along the way. As I walked up to the entrance, I _22_ a man and a boy who was about 10 or 12 years old standing at the _23_ of the store. Customers walked past, as the man _24_ them halfsheet of white paper. I walked up to th
47、em with _25_， wondering what cause they were representing. As I get _26_ , I saw that they had two _27_ starting to fill with groceries.I said hello and the man _28_ me and handed me one of the pieces of paper, explaining that they were _29_ donations for the local food pantry. On the paper was a si
48、mple list of _30_ items: peanut butter, noodles, pasta sauce, canned fruits and vegetables. It also _31_ a short story about the boy and his efforts to collect food donations since the age of eight. I was really _32_ that someone so young would be so interested in helping others. I told him it was a
49、n _33_ idea and that he should be proud of himself. He smiled.Then, I went inside to get my _34_ . Unfortunately, the store didnt have it _35_ . But I wasnt upset, because by then I felt I had another mission. I _36_ the store, picking things from the list, then _37_ them back out to the boy and put
50、 them in the cart. I also gave the man the white sheet of paper back to _38_for another customer. They _39_ me and offered me a treat (candy, I think), but I said to pass it on to someone else.As I walked back to my car, the boys wellintentioned spirit stuck with me. How inspiring to encounter a you
51、ng boy with a resolve to do good deeds and the courage to act on it.It _40_ my day!21A.storeBentranceCcartDpark22A.noticed Brealized Cheard Dintended23A.back Bleft Cright Dfront24A.handed Bwrote Ccopied Dprinted25A.curiosity Bexcitement Cintention Ddisappointment26A.closer Bfurther Colder Drunner27A
52、.bags Bcars Csheets Dcarts28A.saw Bfound Cgreeted Dhelped29A.collecting Bseeking Cbuying Dmaking30A.meal Bclothing Cfood Ddrink31A.contained Bincluded Ccontented Dheld32A.impressed Bshocked Cexcited Dtouched33A.awesome Bmiserable Cdelightful Dinspiring34A.money Bwallet Cdrink Dcar35A.in stock Bin ne
53、ed Cin case Din charge36A.went through Bwent over Cwent out Dwent in for37A.took Bfetched Ccaught Dbrought38A.receive Breuse Cresolve Drecite39A.troubled Bunderstood Cthanked Ddisturbed40A.made Brealized Cbegan Dended.语法填空Dorothy: Debbie！I cant believe _41_！I havent seen you for ages. Debbie: Doroth
54、y！Its really _42_ nice surprise！How are you?Dorothy: Pretty good. Debbie: Can you join me? Dorothy: I wish I _43_. But Im on my _44_ out. I have to be in the city in an hour. Debbie: Come on. Just for a minute. Dorothy: Theres a lot of traffic and I really have to get _45_ (go). You know _46_ I live
55、, so why dont you drop in one evening? Debbie: I _47_ (do) that. And you should feel free to call _48_ visit me. Lets keep in touch. Dorothy: Id really like to. Ill talk to you soon, Debbie. Im glad I _49_ (run) into you. Debbie: Me too. Take _50_ (careful)41_42._43._44._45._46_47._48._49._50._.短文改错
56、Dear Jim，I am so exciting that you will come to China. I will free from December 18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you. Ill meet you at the airport and then you will take Bus No. 8 for my home.You worry about the weather here in your email. In fact, the weather here is quite diff
57、erent from it in your city. It isnt very cold, but you neednt bring many clothes with you. During your stay here, Ill take you to some places of interests and you can taste some local snacks. I am sure we will have greatly fun together.Looking forward to meeting you soon.Yours，Li Hua.书面表达学校将出一期以“保护环
58、境，创建和谐社会”为主题的墙报，请你就如何处理垃圾来保护环境写一篇100词左右的宣传稿件，稿件应包括以下内容：1城市垃圾的危害；2城市垃圾的处理方法：分类，回收利用，有害垃圾填埋，污水处理；3制定措施防止污染。参考词汇：和谐社会 a harmonious society 答 案语篇解读：雾霾笼罩北京，空气重度污染。政府和民众该如何采取措施应对污染？ 1.选D细节理解题。由文章开头两段“Beijings air pollution reached dangerous levels .first orange fog warning Sunday .decreased visibility cau
59、sed by the heavy smog . hit 500, the indexes highest level.”可得出答案。2选A细节理解题。倒数第三段“Pollutants have gradually accumulated over the course of recent windless days, making the air quality even worse. ”目前北京无风静稳，新排放的污染物还在不断累积，空气质量更糟。3选B细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的句子“However, there is a long way to go before the offthele
60、vel smog is stopped.”可知。4选C主旨大意题。从文章第一段及文中多处数字信息“Beijings air pollution reached dangerous levels .marking the third continuous .”可以得出结论。语篇解读：这是一篇科普类的文章。文章向我们介绍了一氧化碳的特性以及伤害人的原理及症状。5选B细节理解题。题干关键词为“called the silent killer”。由文章第二段的“ The gas has no color. It has no taste. It has no smell. It does not ca
61、use burning eyes. And it does not cause people to cough.”可以看出，一氧化碳无色、无味、不刺激眼睛、也不会让人咳嗽，也就是说他不容易被人发觉。故选B。6选D细节理解题。由第三段的“Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.”可以看出，一氧化碳伤害人体的方式是：降低血液携带氧的能力。7选A细节理解题。倒数第二段向我们描述了人体吸入一氧化碳时的反映，吸入少量时，A persons head hurts. He or sh
62、e may begin to feel tired. The person may feel sick. The room may appear to be turning around. The person may have trouble thinking clearly.只有A项所说的“feel a little dizzy”对应“The room may appear to be turning around.”。8选C细节理解题。最后一段讲述了不同的人以及不同状况的人吸入一氧化碳后的反应，老人等身体健康状况欠佳的人的所受的影响会更大。注意，D项干扰性最大，但是“suffer fro
63、m chest pains”只是症状之一，而不是唯一的症状，症状还包括：They may begin to have trouble breathing.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普文。介绍的是华北近期出现的严重的烟雾现象，并对其原因进行了分析。9选C细节理解题。用排除法。由第一段的“The rising PM 2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering a
64、cute respiratory (呼吸系统) and heart diseases.”可知A、B和D是smog的影响。10选B推理判断题。题干关键词为：“a common concern”；由第四段的“Like a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your income or vocation.”可知，雾霾引起了普遍的关注是因为没有人能够幸免。11选D推理判断题。倒数第二段阐述了发展经济和保护环境的关系，最后一段表明了党和政府保护环境的决心，由此可知
65、答案。语篇解读：本文讲述的是由近来大热的电视节目爸爸去哪儿？引发的讨论。12选A细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知这两个电视节目中的孩子家庭背景不同。13选C细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知。14选B推理判断题。根据文章第五、六两段可知，孩子的表现让父母感到十分震惊，即意想不到又令人欣慰。因此给孩子独立的机会是十分值得的。15选C根据文章最后一段可知。这两个电视节目给人以家庭教育的启发和思考。1620CEGDF语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要介绍了作者在一家商店买饮料时，看到十几岁的男孩对帮助别人感兴趣，受到很大的感动，也加入了这个活动，感到那一天非常的有意义。21选A考查语境理解。第一
66、句话I stopped at a grocery store the other day中有原词复现。故选store。22选A考查动词辨析。句意：当我朝着入口处走去的时候，我注意到一个大人和小孩。notice “注意到”；realize“意识到”；hear“听到”；intend“打算”。23选D考查形容词和语境。从上面作者走向入口，此处指的是商店的前门。front“前面的”符合语境。24选A考查动词辨析。这里指的是向路过的顾客分发半页的白纸。hand在这里意思是“分发”。25选A考查名词辨析。从下文的wondering what cause they were representing.看出，
67、作者带着好奇心。curiosity“好奇心”；excitement“兴奋”；intention“意图”；disappointment“失望”。26选A考查副词辨析。语境：当我靠近一些时，我看见他们。get closer“靠近”。作者是走向商店的，不可能是跑(run)。27选D考查语境。从下文的starting to fill with groceries和第四段的then_them back out to the boy and put them in the cart.可看出是购物车。28选C考查语境理解。从本句的I said hello看出，那个人也向我打招呼。greet“打招呼”，符合语
68、境。29选A考查语境。下文“It also_a short story about the boy and his efforts to collect food donations since the age of eight.”中有原词复现，故用collect“搜集”。30选C考查语境。 下文所列举的东西：peanut butter, noodles, pasta sauce, canned fruits and vegetables.都是“食物”，所以选food。31选B考查动词辨析。句意：除了上面写的食物单子，还包括一个男孩的故事。include“包含；包括”；contain“含有”；
69、content“使满意”；hold“保留；控制”。32选D考查动词辨析。句意：我真的被打动了，这么小的孩子对帮助别人感兴趣。impress“给人印象”；shock“使震惊”；excite“使兴奋”；touch“使触动”。33选A考查形容词辨析。句意：这么小的孩子这么乐于助人，这是令人敬畏的。awesome“令人敬畏的”。miserable “凄惨的”；delightful“令人愉快的”；inspiring“鼓舞人心的”。34选C考查语境。文章第一段的I stopped at a grocery store the other day because I was about to go on a
70、 long drive and I wanted to buy my favorite drink for the trip.看出，作者去商店是买饮料的。35选A考查短语辨析。从“unfortunately”可以看出，这里表达的意思是：“本商店没有现货”；in stock 意思是“有现货”。36选A 考查动词短语辨析。go through“通过；经过”；go over“复习”；go out“出去”；go in for“参加；从事”。句意：我在商店溜达。A项符合语境。37选D考查动词辨析。句意：作者把从货架上拿的东西带到他们的购物车上。bring“带来”符合语境。38选B考查动词辨析。从I al
71、so gave the man the white sheet of paper back 和for another customer看出，是再用那个纸条。reuse“再使用”。39选C考查语境。从下文的offered me a treat (candy, I think)看出，是他们在感谢作者。40选A考查动词辨析。It made my day “真是令我开心的一天”为固定搭配。作者看到这么小的孩子对帮助别人感兴趣，感动了作者，虽然没有买到饮料但是学到了很多，也是作者非常快乐的一天。41it42.a43.could44.way45.going46.where47.will do48.or49
72、.ran50.care短文改错第一句：excitingexcited第二句：第一个will后加be; 去掉a第三句：第二个youwe; forto第四句：worryworried第五句：itthat第六句：butso或and第七句：interestsinterest第八句：greatlygreat参考范文：With the improvement of peoples living conditions, more and more rubbish is produced especially in cities. Too much rubbish will pollute our envir
73、onment and do harm to our health. So it is important to deal with it properly.Here are some ways to deal with rubbish. Sort out different kinds and put in different dustbins. Some can be recycled, while harmful rubbish should be buried under the ground. Waste water should be cleaned and used again.In addition, we should make laws to prevent people throwing rubbish everywhere. Only in this way can we protect our environment and build a harmonious society.版权所有：高考资源网()
