1、学业分层测评(六)(建议用时:45分钟)学业达标一、选择题1若等比数列的首项为,末项为,公比为,则这个数列的项数为()A3B4C5D6【解析】因为n1,所以n13,所以n4.【答案】B2已知a,b,c,d是公比为2的等比数列,则()A1BC.D【解析】由题意知b2a,c4a,d8a,所以.【答案】C3(2016淮安高二检测)设等比数列的前三项依次为,则它的第四项是()A1BC.D【解析】a1,a2,则q,a4a1q31.【答案】A4(2016吉安高二检测)已知等比数列an满足a1a23,a2a36,则a7()A64B81C128D243【解析】an是等比数列,a1a23,a2a36,设等比数列
2、的公比为q,则a2a3(a1a2)q3q6,q2,a1a2a1a1q3a13,a11,a7a1q62664.【答案】A5若等比数列an满足anan116n,则公比为()A2B4C8D16【解析】 令n1,得a1a216,令n2,得a2a3162,得16,所以q216,所以q4,又由知q0,q4.【答案】B二、填空题6三个数a,b,c成等比数列,公比q3,又a,b8,c成等差数列,则这三个数依次为_【解析】由题意知b3a,c9a,又a,b8,c成等差数列所以2(b8)ac,即2(3a8)a9a,解得a4,b12,c36.【答案】4,12,367已知数列an为等比数列,若a5a115,a4a26,
3、则a3_.【解】由已知得由得,q或q2.当q时,a116,a3a1q24;当q2时,a11,a3a1q24.【答案】4或48各项都是正数的等比数列an中,a2,a3,a1成等差数列,则_. 【导学号:67940014】【解析】设an公比为q,a2,a3,a1成等差数列,a3a1a2,a1q2a1a1q,a10,q2q10,解得q.数列各项都是正数,q0,q,q.【答案】三、解答题9已知等比数列an中,a1,a727,求an.【解】由a7a1q6,得27q6,q627236,q3.当q3时,ana1qn13n13n4;当q3时,ana1qn1(3)n1(3)3(3)n1(3)n4.故an3n4或
4、an(3)n4.10已知数列an的前n项和为Sn,Sn(an1)(nN)(1)求a1,a2;(2)求证:数列an是等比数列【解】(1)由S1(a11),得a1(a11)a1.又S2(a21),即a1a2(a21),解得a2.(2)证明:当n2时,anSnSn1(an1)(an11),解得anan1,即,当n1时a1,a2,故an是以为首项,公比为的等比数列能力提升1(2014天津高考)设an是首项为a1,公差为1的等差数列,Sn为其前n项和若S1,S2,S4成等比数列,则a1()A2B2C.D【解析】因为等差数列an的前n项和为Snna1d,所以S1,S2,S4分别为a1,2a11,4a16.
5、因为S1,S2,S4成等比数列,所以SS1S4,即(2a11)2a1,解得a1.【答案】D2已知数列xn满足lgxn11lgxn(nN),且x1x2x3x1001,则lg(x101x102x200)()A200B100C200D100【解析】由lgxn11lgxn(nN)得lgxn1lgxn1,所以10,所以数列xn是公比为10的等比数列,所以xn100xn10100,所以x101x102x20010100(x1x2x100)10100,所以lg(x101x102x200)lg10100100.【答案】B3(2016苏州高二检测)在数列an中,a12,an14an3n1(nN),则数列an的通
6、项公式为_【解析】由题设an14an3n1,得an1(n1)4(ann)(nN)又a111,所以数列ann是首项为1,且公比为4的等比数列,所以ann4n1,于是数列an的通项公式为an4n1n.【答案】an4n1n4(2016南昌高二检测)已知数列an的前n项和为Sn,数列bn中,b1a1,bnanan1(n2),且anSnn.(1)设cnan1,求证:cn是等比数列;(2)求数列bn的通项公式【解】(1)证明:anSnn,an1Sn1n1.得an1anan11,2an1an1,2(an11)an1,an1是等比数列首项c1a11,又a1a11,a1,c1,公比q.又cnan1,cn是以为首项,公比为的等比数列(2)由(1)可知cnn1n,ancn11n,当n2时,bnanan11nn1nn.又b1a1代入上式也符合,bnn.