1、辽宁省庄河市高级中学2022-2023学年度第一学期12月月考高一英语B第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere are some typical of trains youll find yourself traveling on in France. SNCF (法国国家铁路公司) operates a mix of high-speed services on major routes and slower regional services b
2、etween smaller stations around France. Find out more about each train type below. TGVHigh-speed: up to 320 km/hConnects Paris with major cities in FranceDouble-decker trains One of the most popular modes of transport for long-distance travel in France. These modern trains run on around 50 high-speed
3、 routes and always require a reservation in advance. Inter-citesStops at cities not part of the TGV network Day and night services Night trains between Paris and Toulouse, Rodez, Briancon and Latour-de-Carol Inter-cites trains are mainly used for medium-distance journeys across France. Although not
4、as fast as TGV trains, they service a lot of stations across the country that arent on TGV routes. Reservations are usually required on most Inter-cites services. TERRegional trains (one for each region in France)Low-costStops at smaller stations around FranceTER stands for Transport Express Regiona
5、l and there are 20 different regional TER services operating across France. Popular with commuters (远距离通勤的人), youll likely board one of these trains for shorter distance travel to smaller cities and towns throughout France. You wont need a reservation to board a TER train. Sleeper trains Overnight t
6、ravel to several destinations in FranceComfortable and secure cabins Opportunity to save on accommodationOperated by Thello, the popular night train route in France starts in Paris and works its way down into Italy. If you want to save money on accommodation during your trip, taking a sleeper train
7、lets you wake up feeling refreshed at your next destination. 1What do TGV trains and Inter-cites trains have in common?ABoth can travel at 320 km/h.BBoth are double-decker trains.CBoth usually require a reservation.DBoth connect big cities in Europe.2What is special about TER service?AIt features ni
8、ght services.BIt travels as fast as TGV trains.CIt is suitable for long-distance travel in France.DIt offers regional services at relatively low costs.3Which best suits people who travel to Italy and want to save money?ATGV trains.BInter-cites trains.CTER trains.DSleeper trains.BIt was a warm April
9、evening. When I did some work in my garden, I suddenly felt a blow to the right side of my neck. Totally confused, I reached up and, to my horror, realized that I had been shot with an arrow. I screamed my husbands name. He dropped his work and ran to me. Ed grabbed me by the shoulders to stop me fr
10、om running and told me to lie down on the couch. Then he called 911. I lay there and prayed, wondering if there was any way I could live.The arrow had come from a young man practicing with a bow, used for hunting, in his backyard. Luckily, he was using a practice arrow, which is smooth and rounded:
11、a broadhead arrow would have led to a different ending.As the doctors entered the house and sat down beside me, they were perfectly calm and totally focused. I was rushed to the hospital and shortly took a CT scan to determine the location of the arrow inside. The doctors began telling me how lucky
12、I was. The arrow had gone past the carotid artery (颈动脉). The morning after my two-hour surgery, the surgeon came in. He checked the wound and talked to us about what he had done. Then he told us something that rocked our world again.He said that the CT scan had revealed that I had a brain tumor (肿瘤)
13、. I remember going a bit frozen but thinking, God works in mysterious ways!The surgeon said they were almost certain the tumor wasnt fierce but it was located in a very difficult place. I was terrified, of course, but I felt like it was Gods plan for me to find it.A few days later, I went in for a s
14、econd opinion from another surgeon. He said that it was a difficult surgery but that it had to be done. The tumor was about to cross the midline of my brain, which would have resulted in a massive stroke (中风).The brain surgery was successful, and in less than a week I was back home. All was going we
15、ll for the years to come. Had it not been for that arrow, I would have died from a brain tumor or a stroke! I wasnt lucky, but I was blessed indeed.4How did the woman react directly she realized she was shot by something in the neck?AShe cried out for her husbands help.BShe took it easy and lay down
16、 on the couch.CShe made a prayer that she could live.DShe urged Ed to dial 911 without delay.5What can be learned from the passage?AThe arrow with a narrow head was shot out while a man was hunting.BThe doctors felt it lucky that the arrow had missed the womans carotid artery.CThe womans tumor was f
17、ound when she went in for a second CT scan.DThe tumor in the womans head must have caused a stroke if left untreated.6Why did the woman say she wasnt lucky but blessed indeed?ABecause she was shot hurt by the arrow but she could still pull through.BBecause she was saved both from the arrow shot and
18、from the tumor.CBecause she didnt miss the arrow shot but missed being killed by the tumor.DBecause she could have possibly been killed by the arrow or by the tumor.7What may be the moral behind the story?AIts in Gods hands.BA fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.CA blessing remains in hiding.DAll go
19、od things come to an end.CIf you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare,” “Samuel Johnson,” and “Webster,” but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didnt even speak English-William the Con
20、queror.Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the
21、 country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.But this state of affairs did not last. In
22、 l066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of Eng-land while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of Politics and the law come from French rather than German. In s
23、ome cases, modern English even shows a distinction (区别) between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that th
24、e Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more foreign than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than
25、French does. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one mans ambition.8The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before l066 were AWelsh and ScottishBNordic and GermanicCCeltic and Old
26、English.DAnglo-Saxon and Germanic9Which of the following groups of words are, by inference, rooted in French?Apresident, Lawyer, beefBpresident, bread, waterCbread, field, sheepDfolk, field, cow10Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe?AMost adver
27、tisements in France appear in English.BThey know little of the history of the English language.CMany French words are similar to English ones.DThey know French better than German.11What is the subject discussed in the text?AThe history of Great Britain.BThe similarity between English and French.CThe
28、 rule of England by William the Conqueror.DThe French influences on the English language.DA new study by researchers at Yale and George Washington University is examining the human threats to the amphibian (两栖动物) family tree and calls for a rethinking of conservation priorities (优先) to preserve spec
29、ies diversity and- evolutionary heritage.Amphibians represent an important sign of global change, scientists say, due to their particularly high sensitivity to disturbances in their environment. There are more than 7000 amphibian species on Earth, including frogs. “Amphibians are a globally endanger
30、ed group for which threats from global change are outpacing our ability to safeguard species,” said Walter Jetz, lead author of a paper published online in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution. Jetz is an associate professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at Yale. Jetz and co-corresponding au
31、thor R. Alexander Pyron of George Washington constructed the first comprehensive family tree for nearly all amphibious species alive today. The researchers used the data to examine historical diversification patterns of amphibians as well as levels of isolation on the family tree, also called evolut
32、ionary distinctness.Amphibians are the most ancient group of terrestrial vertebrates(陆生脊椎动物) surviving today, with origins reaching back more than 300 million years. The authors found that select members of this group alive today carry more than 100 million years of evolutionary history distinct to
33、only them. The long, separate path of these species may have resulted in the evolution of key functions for varied ecosystems. Thanks to the early origin of the group, such highly distinct species are found in all parts of the world.With many species still insufficiently (不够地) studied in the wild to
34、 appreciate their risk of extinction or potential functions for the ecosystem, the researchers said, knowing their evolutionary distinctness and place on the family tree can provide invaluable insights. A worldwide focus on all species allows us to link threats and evolutionary history across region
35、s in a way that was not possible previously”, Pyron said.The researchers found that neither the type nor intensity(强度) of human threats to amphibian species was associated with their evolutionary distinctness. This means there is significant potential for conservation action to mitigate the effect h
36、uman activities have the amphibian tree of life, Jetz said. “Our evaluation provides key baseline information for all amphibians surviving today that may help identification of threats and prioritization of research and conservation,” Jetz added. “We expect this information to be widely helpful for
37、the large community of scientists and conservationists interested in amphibians and to empower national and local conservation efforts.” (The research is supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation.)12What can we learn about amphibians from Paragraph 2?AThey are threatening the surroundin
38、gs they live in.BThey are endangered due to their rapid evolution.CThey are transforming their roles in the ecosystem.DThe study of their family tree was neglected.13What role does amphibians evolutionary distinctness play in the evolution of ecosystems?ACriticalBMinorCCreativeDAmbiguous.14The under
39、lined word “mitigate “in the last paragraph most probably means .ArecognizeBaddClessenDremove15Whats the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo explain how amphibians adjust to the environment quickly.BTo inform the public of the significance of protecting amphibians.CTo gain more financial support
40、 for the National Science Foundation.DTo share his experience in constructing amphibians family tree.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。Meaningful ways to celebrate the New YearIts been said that the New Year sets the intention for the entire year to come. Here
41、 are some meaningful ideas for celebrating this New Year.Write a letter to yourself. _16_ In it, you can list things like what your biggest dreams are right now, the things we are most afraid of, the most impressive emotions you experience on a daily basis, the things that are flowing in your life a
42、nd things that feel stuck, how you feel in your body and how you hope you will feel as you read the letter in one year.Release a floating lantern. In many cultures, its considered good luck to release a lantern into the sky. _17_ With a few simple tools you can make your own lantern, and can even wr
43、ite on the outside some of the old patterns you are ready to release from your life._18_ Alone time is unbelievably important for processing, reflecting and connecting with yourself. And if you cannot decide what celebration feels right for you this New Years Eve, you may simply enjoy your own compa
44、ny. Have a solo dance party, order favorite carry-out, do an at-home yoga practice or meditation（冥想） and take a candlelit bubble bath. Give yourself the gift of quality time, and find enjoyment and ease in the company you keep, even in the empty moments. _19_List the things you are grateful for. The
45、res no truer way to find delight in this very moment than to count your blessings. As you look back on an entire year, youre sure to discover a treasure of miracles just waiting to be illuminated（照亮）and treasured. So take some time to come up with your own gratitude list for 2020. _20_ABegin one of
46、your goals.BEnjoy your own company.CFill yourself from the inside out.DIt is a symbol of your problems and worries floating away.EThere is just so much to be thankful for, if only we have eyes to see.FJust observe the world around you, from the smallest leaves to the limitless sky above.GIf you miss
47、 the good old days, it can be wonderful to write a letter to your future self.第二部分语言运用 （共两节，满分 30分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Rebecca Glass was born blind, who is a musician now. The childhood years were challenging in Rebeccas memory, Some teachers would
48、_21_ her and suggest an other place, as they hadnt taught children with _22_. She didnt get her sheet music translated into braille(盲文) which was _23_ for her poor family. Then she had to learn by studying _24_. That people identified her by appearance was the most upsetting part when she was young,
49、 but now it _25_ happens on Rebecca. Despite the difficulties, Rebecca held on. And now with a doctors degree of musical arts, she has _26_a professional musician.Her love for performing music _27_ her girlhood. When Rebecca was at a wedding, she _28_ her flower girl duties and went straight for a p
50、iano instead. A photo caught that moment. So tiny is the girl that she doesnt touch the _29_ but shes sitting tall at the piano. “Since Rebecca first _30_ the piano, she had worked over eight hours a day. I could see she had a real _31_ for music,” her mother said, “In addition, I noticed her talent
51、 soon she learned musical instruments so quickly.”Rebecca loves chamber music and sees herself as a(n) _32_ in the future, teaching children about classical music. Influential teachers also inspire her to _33_ the next generation of musicians. Shes trying to _34_ a summer camp program, too. And to e
52、very child, regardless of physical ability, the camp will _35_ .21AadmitBguideCcomfortDreject22AexperiencesBdisabilitiesCambitionDpotential23AworthlessBeffortlessCunaffordableDunfamiliar24ArecordingsBvideosCbooksDnotes25AfrequentlyBrarelyCtotallyDusually26AinvitedBfollowedCmadeDtaught27Alives up toB
53、puts up withCdates back toDgets back at28AdemandedBdroppedCfinishedDacted29AfloorBpianoCwallDbench30Acarried onBheard ofCtook inDpicked up31AreasonBrespectCfondnessDconcern32AvolunteerBeducatorCpianistDlecturer33AmotivateBmonitorCmeetDmanage34AacceptBjoinCdevelopDselect35AstartBagreeCsucceedDapply第二
54、节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The game of basketball was created by Dr. Naismith, _36_ Canadian who worked as a physical education instructor at the Springfield College.The New England winters were very cold, and the students were _37_ (willing) to do outdoor activiti
55、es. Naismith determined that a fast-moving game _38_ could be played indoors would fill the empty afternoons after the baseball and football seasons had ended. First he tried to change outdoor games such as soccer to indoor play, but he soon found them unsuitable for small _39_ (area). In December o
56、f 1891, Naismith hung two old peach baskets at either end of the gym at the school, and, using a soccer ball and nine players on each side, _40_ (organize) the first basketball game. The early rules allowed three points for each basket and banned _41_ (run) with the ball.Five years later, a champion
57、ship was _42_ (success) held in New York City. _43_ that time, the team had been reduced to seven players, and five became standard in the 1897 season._44_ basketball first appeared in the 1904 Olympic Games, it quickly spread throughout the world. In 1906, a metal ring was used _45_ (replace) the b
58、asket for the first time, but the name basketball has remained.第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分）为了提高学生的身体素质，你校准备于1月25日组织一次“冬季越野赛”(a winter cross-country race)。请你写一封英语倡议书，号召全体同学积极参加活动。要点如下：1. 活动的目的；2. 体育运动的好处；3. 提醒冬季运动的安全。注意：1. 词数100左右(开头、结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)。2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear schoolmates,May I have
59、your attention, please? _Students UnionJanuary 15, 2021第二节（满分25 分）读后续写阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。It was my twelfth birthday, and what I really wanted was a new bicycle. But I knew my family couldnt afford one.A new bike was just a dream, so I wanted a nightstand (床头柜). I figured that at le
60、ast I would have a safe place to keep my private things. So I asked my parents for a nightstand with lockable drawers (抽屉).We went to the secondhand furniture store and found an old, dark brown nightstand. It didnt look too cool, but at least it had drawers that I could keep locked. I decided that I
61、 would paint it to make it look better.After we took it home, I was getting ready to paint it. When I pulled the drawers out, I felt something stuck (卡住) at the back of the bottom drawer. I reached in all the way to the back and was surprised to find a bag.When opening the bag, I realized that there
62、 were some papers in it which were some kind of official-looking documents (文件). And beneath were a bunch of dollar bills! Talk about finding a treasure! And on my birthday!I went ahead and read the papers, which turned out to be a will (遗嘱). Some old lady was leaving her savings to her son and gran
63、dchildren. The old lady must have died and nobody knew the money. Her family donated the nightstand to the secondhand furniture store and it was now in my hands.I counted the money, over 1,000 dollars in total. I was going crazy. With this money I could buy the coolest bicycle. I could even buy bicy
64、cles for my younger brothers. Maybe I could also get my parents a car.What a dilemma! I could keep it and get all kinds of things for myself and my family. Or I could give it all back. “Somebody helps me with this!” I begged. But I really didnt need anyone else to give me the answer. I already knew
65、right from wrong. I decided not to fail this test. It was a test of honor - my honor.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。I called my family into my bedroom and showed them what I had found. _Several days later, the old ladys son and his wife came to my house. _参考答案1C2D3D本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了法国国家铁路公司旗下
66、的一些列车类型的相关信息。1细节理解题。根据文章“TGV”部分中的“These modern trains run on around 50 high-speed routes and always require a reservation in advance. (这些现代化的列车在大约50条高速线路上运行，总是需要提前预订。)”以及“Inter-cites”部分中的“Reservations are usually required on most Inter-cites services. (大多数城际列车服务通常需要预订)”可推知，TGV高铁和城际列车的共同点是两者通常都需要预订。故
67、选C。2细节理解题。根据文章“TER”部分中的“Low-cost (低成本)”以及“TER stands for Transport Express Regional and there are 20 different regional TER services operating across France. (TER是区域运输快件的缩写，在法国有20种不同的区域运输快件服务。)”可知，TER服务的特别之处在于它以相对较低的成本提供区域服务。故选D。3推理判断题。根据“Sleeper trains”部分中的“Operated by Thello, the popular night tra
68、in route in France starts in Paris and works its way down into Italy. If you want to save money on accommodation during your trip, taking a sleeper train lets you wake up feeling refreshed at your next destination. (由泰洛运营，这条在法国颇受欢迎的夜间列车线路从巴黎出发，进入意大利。如果你想在旅途中节省住宿，那就坐一辆sleeper train，让你在下一个目的地醒来时感觉精神焕发
69、。)”可推知，Sleeper trains适合想去意大利，又想要省钱的人。故选D。4A5B6C7C本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者被一支箭偶然射伤，进医院后意外发现脑部有一个肿瘤，但并不严重，脑部手术很成功最终因祸得福的故事。4细节理解题。根据第一段中“I screamed my husbands name. He dropped his work and ran to me.( 我尖叫着丈夫的名字。他放下手中的工作，向我跑过来。)”可知当这位女士发现自己被箭射中时，就立刻大声向自己的丈夫求助。故选A。5细节理解题。根据第三段“The doctors began telling me how l
70、ucky I was. The arrow had gone past the carotid artery (颈动脉). (医生开始告诉我我是多么幸运。箭经过了颈动脉)”可知，医生觉得很幸运是因为箭从颈动脉旁边经过并没有刺穿颈动脉。故选B。6细节理解题。根据最后一段“Had it not been for that arrow, I would have died from a brain tumor or a stroke!( 如果没有那支箭，我可能会死于脑瘤或中风!)”可知虽然作者被箭射中是不幸的，但因此发现脑肿瘤，避免死于脑瘤或中风的危险。所以作者觉得自己是不幸中的万幸。故选C。7推理
71、判断题。通读全文，可知本文主要讲了作者被一支箭偶然射伤，进医院后意外发现脑部有一个肿瘤，但并不严重，脑部手术很成功最终因祸得福的故事。由此推知，选项C. A blessing remains in hiding.( 祝福在隐藏当中)与本文所传达的“因祸得福”的意思最为接近。故选C。8C9A10C11D本文是一篇议论文。如果让你列举那些对应于做出最大贡献的人，你一定会得到类似莎士比亚，塞缪尔约翰逊这样的答案，但实际上，没有任何人的对英语的影响力能够超过征服者威廉。在1066年以前，我们现在称为英国的土地上存在两种主要语言，一种是凯尔特语，另一种是古英语。而后来由于威廉的雄心，使得古英语成为英国的
72、主要语言，而法语也成为对英语影响颇深的语言。8细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic.”在中西地区住着威尔士人，他们说凯尔特语，在南部居住着苏格兰人，他们的语言不同于威尔士人的语言，但也是凯尔特语。由此可知一大主要语言为凯尔特语。根据第二段第三句“In the rest
73、of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. ”在国家的其余地方居住着撒克逊人，他们是英国人、撒克逊人、德国人、日耳曼人的混合，他们讲的语言是英格兰语（即古英语）。可知另一大分支为古英语。故选C。9推理判断题。根据第三段中“As a result, English wo
74、rds of politics and the law come from French rather than German.”结果导致，英语中关于政治和法律的词来源于法语而不是德语。“We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the
75、 farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.”我们甚至在食物尤其是肉食上有不同的词，这取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家煮着吃，事实证明，撒克逊农民在耕作而上层社会的诺曼人在大部分食物上贡献更多。由此可见，有关政治、法律以及家中煮着的食物最可能来源于法国，故选A。10细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more foreign than France becaus
76、e the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does”当美国人到欧洲旅游时，他们经常发现德语比法语更像外国语，以为在德国，他们看见的标签和广告语看起来比法语更与英语不同。所以可知，许多法语词汇和英语很像。故选C。11主旨大意题。文章开篇即抛出问题：谁对英语的影响最大，接着给出答案：征服者威廉。可见文章即将讨论的问题就是他对英语的影响。接下来，作者介绍了1066年以前的英国语言由两大派系组成，而之后由于威廉的雄心，才使得古英语成为英国的主要
77、语言，而法语也成为对英语影响颇深的语言。故选D。12D13A14C15B这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了耶鲁大学和乔治华盛顿大学的研究人员进行了一项新的研究，研究人类对两栖动物家族树的威胁，并呼吁重新考虑保护优先次序，以保护物种多样性和进化遗产。文章介绍了两栖动物的重要性，以及人类活动对两栖动物产生的影响，呼吁人们保护两栖动物。12推理判断题。根据第二段中“Jetz and co-corresponding author R. Alexander Pyron of George Washington constructed the first comprehensive family tree
78、for nearly all amphibious species alive today.”可知Jetz和乔治华盛顿的共同通讯作者R. Alexander Pyron为几乎所有现存的两栖物种构建了第一个完整的族谱。由此可推知，对两栖动物族谱的研究过去被忽视了。故选D。13细节理解题。根据第四段中“With many species still insufficiently (不够地) studied in the wild to appreciate their risk of extinction or potential functions for the ecosystem, the
79、researchers said, knowing their evolutionary distinctness and place on the family tree can provide invaluable insights.”可知研究人员说，由于许多物种在野外仍未得到充分研究，无法了解它们的灭绝风险或对生态系统的潜在功能，了解它们在进化上的特殊性和在系谱上的位置可以提供宝贵的见解。由此可知，两栖动物进化的特殊性在生态系统的进化中扮演关键角色。故选A。14词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“the effect human activities have the amphibian tre
80、e of life”以及“We expect this information to be widely helpful for the large community of scientists and conservationists interested in amphibians and to empower national and local conservation efforts.( 我们希望这些信息能对广大对两栖动物感兴趣的科学家和自然资源保护论者起到广泛的帮助作用，并为国家和地方的保护工作提供帮助)”可知划线词所在句意思为：这意味着，采取保护行动以减轻人类活动对两栖动物生命
81、树的影响，是很有可能的。即划线词意思为“减少”。A. recognize识别；B. add添加；C. lessen减少；D. remove去除。故选C。15推理判断题。根据第一段“A new study by researchers at Yale and George Washington University is examining the human threats to the amphibian (两栖动物) family tree and calls for a rethinking of conservation priorities (优先) to preserve spec
82、ies diversity and- evolutionary heritage.”可知耶鲁大学和乔治华盛顿大学的研究人员进行了一项新的研究，研究人类对两栖动物家族树的威胁，并呼吁重新考虑保护优先次序，以保护物种多样性和进化遗产。结合文章还介绍了两栖动物的重要性，以及人类活动对两栖动物产生的影响，呼吁人们保护两栖动物。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉人们保护两栖动物的重要性。故选B。16G17D18B19C20E本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些庆祝新年的有意义的方式。16根据本段主题句“Write a letter to yourself.(给自己写封信。)”和本段内容可知，本段主要
83、介绍给未来的自己写信。所以选择项G“If you miss the good old days, it can be wonderful to write a letter to your future self.(如果你怀念过去的美好时光，给未来的自己写封信是一件很棒的事情。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“write a letter to your future self”与主题句“Write a letter to yourself.”相一致。故选G。17根据本段主题句“Release a floating lantern.(放一个浮灯。)”和前句“In many cultures, i
84、ts considered good luck to release a lantern into the sky.(在许多文化中，向天空放飞灯笼被认为是好运。)”可知，放飞灯笼象征着有好运。所以选择项D“It is a symbol of your problems and worries floating away.(它象征着你的问题和烦恼都烟消云散了。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的it代指主题句中的“a floating lantern”。故选D。18考查本段主题句。根据后句“Alone time is unbelievably important for processing, ref
85、lecting and connecting with yourself. (独处的时间对于处理、反思和与自己联系是极其重要的。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍如何享受独自一人的时光。所以选择项B“Enjoy your own company.(享受独处的时光。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。19根据前文“Have a solo dance party, order favorite carry-out, do an at-home yoga practice or meditation（冥想） and take a candlelit bubble bath. Give yourself the
86、 gift of quality time, and find enjoyment and ease in the company you keep, even in the empty moments. (开个单人舞会，点一份自己喜欢的外卖，在家做瑜伽或冥想，或者来个烛光泡泡浴。给自己一份优质时光的礼物，在你的陪伴中找到快乐和安逸，即使是在空虚的时刻。)”可知，这里介绍独自一人的时候如何由内而外的填充自己。所以选择项C“Fill yourself from the inside out.(由内而外填满你自己。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。20根据本段主题句“List the things yo
87、u are grateful for.(列出你感激的事情。)”和前文句“As you look back on an entire year, youre sure to discover a treasure of miracles just waiting to be illuminated（照亮）and treasured. So take some time to come up with your own gratitude list for 2020. (当你回顾这一整年，你一定会发现一个奇迹的宝藏，正等着被照亮和珍惜。所以，花点时间来制定你自己的2020年感恩清单吧。)”可知，能
88、够列出感激的事情有很多。所以选择项E“There is just so much to be thankful for, if only we have eyes to see.(只要我们有眼睛能看见，就会有太多值得感谢的事。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“be thankful for”与主题句中的“ are grateful for”相一致。故选E。21D22B23C24A25B26C27C28B29A30D31C32B33A34C35D本文是一篇记叙文。丽贝卡格拉斯虽然生来就是个盲人，但是现在是个音乐家。文章叙述了丽贝卡的童年岁月，以及她在音乐方面的天赋。21考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些
89、老师会拒绝她，建议她换个地方学习。A. admit承认；B. guide指导；C. comfort安慰；D. reject拒绝。根据下文“as they hadnt taught children with 2 ”因为一些老师不愿意教残疾的孩子，所以他们会拒绝她。故选D。22考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他们没有教过残疾儿童。A. experiences经验，经历；B. disabilities残疾；C. ambtion雄心，志向；D. potential潜力。根据上文“Rebecca Glass was born blind”可知，Rebecca Glass是残疾的孩子。故选B。23考查形容词
90、词义辨析。句意：她没有把她的乐谱翻译成盲文，这对她贫穷的家庭来说是负担不起的。A. worthless无价值的；B. effortless不费力的；C. unaffordable负担不起的；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。根据后文中的“her poor family”可知，她的家很穷，所以负担不起。故选C。24考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时她必须通过录音来学习。A. recordings录音；B. videos录像；C. books书；D. notes笔记本。根据前文“She didnt get her sheet music translated into braille”可知，对于一个盲
91、人来说，没有盲文，只能通过录音来学习。故选A。25考查副词词义辨析。句意：但现在它在丽贝卡身上很少发生了。A. frequently频繁地；B. rarely罕见地；C. totlly完全地；D. usually通常。根据“That people identified her by appearance was the most upsetting part when she was young, but now”可知，这里应该是转折，说明人们凭外表识别出她有残疾这种情况很少发生了。故选B。26考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在她获得了音乐艺术博士学位，成为了一名专业的音乐家。A. invited邀
92、请；B. followed跟随；C. made使成为；D. taught教。根据“Rebeca Glass was borm blind, who is a musician now.”可知，她现在已经成为一名音乐家了。故选C。27考查动词短语辨析。句意；她对音乐表演的热爱可以追溯到她少女时代。A. lives up to不辜负；B. puts up with忍受；C. dates back to追溯到；D. gets back at报复。根据下文“So tiny is the girl that her feet dont touch the 9 , but shes sitting tal
93、l at the piano.”可知，她当时很小，应该是少女时代。故选C。28考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡参加婚礼时，她放弃了花童的职责，直接向一架钢琴走去。A. demanded要求，需求； B. dropped落下，放弃；C. finished完成；D. acted行为，行动。根据下文“went straight for a piano instead.”可知，她放弃了花童的职责。故选B。29考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩太小了，她的脚都没碰到地板。A. floor地板；B. piano钢琴；C. wall墙；D. bench长凳。根据“So tiny is the girl”可知，她
94、是太小了，以致坐在凳子上，脚都碰不到地板。故选A。30考查动词短语辨析。句意：自从丽贝卡第一次学钢琴以来，她每天学习和练习钢琴超过八个小时。A. carried on继续进行；B. heard of听说；C. took in吸收，领会；D. picked up学会，掌握。根据下文“she had worked over eight hours a day.”可知，此时她是在学习钢琴。故选D。31考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我看得出她对音乐师真正喜欢，”她母亲说。A. reason原因；B. respect尊敬；C. fondness喜爱；D. concem关心。根据上文“Since Rebecc
95、a first 10 the piano, she had worked over eight hours a day.”可知，她一天学习和练习8个多小时，说明她真正喜欢音乐。故选C。32考查名词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡热爱室内乐，并视自己为未来的教育者，教孩子们古典音乐。A. volunteer志愿者；B. educator教育工作者；C. pianist钢琴家；D. lecturer讲演者。根据下文“teaching children about classical music.”可知，她应该是把自己看作教育工作者。故选B。33考查动词词义辨析。句意：有影响力的老师也鼓舞她去激励下一代的音乐
96、家。A. motivate激励，鼓舞；B. monitor监控；C. meet遇见；D. manage能解决(问题)，应付。根据“Rebeca loves chamber music and sees herself as a (an) 12 in the futre, teaching children about classical music.”可知，她可以去激励下一代的音乐家。故选A。34考查动词词义辨析。句意：她也在努力开发一个夏令营计划。A. accept接受；B. join加入；C. develop发展，开发；D. select选择。根据“a summer camp progra
97、m”可知，计划只能是发展和开发的。故选C。35考查动词词义辨析。句意：对每一个孩子来说，不管他们的身体条件如何，夏令营都是适用的。A. start开始；B. agree同意；C. succeed成功；D. apply申请，适用。根据上文“And to every child, regardlss of physical ability”可知，无论孩子的身体条件如何，夏令营都适用。故选D。36a37unwilling38which#that39areas40organized41running42successfully43By44When#After45to replace本文是一篇记叙文，主
98、要讲的是加拿大人奈史密斯博士发明篮球运动的故事。36考查冠词。句意：篮球运动是由加拿大人奈史密斯博士发明的，他曾在斯普林菲尔德学院担任体育教练。Canadian是加拿大人，是可数名词，且表示泛指，因此前面需加不定冠词，Canadian是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。37考查形容词。句意：新英格兰的冬天非常寒冷，学生们不愿意做户外活动。由“The New England winters were very cold”可知，新英格兰的冬天非常寒冷，学生们不愿意做户外活动，因此空格处是“不愿意的”，即unwilling，故填unwilling。38考查定语从句的引导词。句意：奈史密斯认为，
99、棒球和足球赛季结束后，一场可以在室内进行的快节奏比赛可以填补下午的空余时间。分析可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词game是物，因此空格处用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。39考查名词的复数。句意：起初，他试图将足球等户外运动改为室内运动，但很快发现这些运动不适合小范围运动。area意为“区域”，是可数名词，前面无冠词，因此空格处用复数，故填areas。40考查一般过去时。句意：1891年12月，奈史密斯在学校体育馆的两端挂了两个旧的桃子篮，用一个足球，两边各有9名队员，组织了第一场篮球比赛。分析可知，空格处和hung时态并列，hung是过去式，因此空格处
100、用过去式organized，故填organized。41考查动名词和固定短语。句意：早期的规则是每个篮筐得三分，禁止带球跑动。ban doing sth.是固定短语，意为“禁止做某事”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填running。42考查副词。句意：五年后，在纽约成功地举办了一次锦标赛。空格处用副词修饰动词held，success的副词是successfully，意为“成功地”，故填successfully。43考查介词。句意：到那时前，球队已经缩减到7名球员，在1897年赛季，5名球员成为标准。had been reduced是过去完成时的被动语态，因此句子表示“到那时，球队已经缩减到7名
101、球员”，“到某时前”用“介词by+某个具体时间 ”，因此空格处是介词by，位于句首，首字母大写，故填By。44考查连词。句意：当篮球首次出现在1904年奥运会上后，它迅速传遍了全世界。根据语境可知，句子表示“当篮球首次出现在1904年奥运会上后，它迅速传遍了全世界”，因此空格处可以是“当.的时候”或“在.之后 ”，即when/after，位于句首，首字母大写，故填When/After。45考查不定式和固定短语。句意：1906年，一个金属环第一次被用来代替篮筐，但篮球这个名字一直保留下来。由“a metal ring was used”和(replace) the basket可知，句子表示“一
102、个金属环第一次被用来代替篮筐”，句中用固定短语sth. be used to do sth.，意为“某物被用来做某事”，因此空格处用不定式表目的，故填to replace。46Dear schoolmates,May I have your attention, please? I have good news to tell you. In order to improve students physical condition, a winter cross-country race will be organized in our school on January 25. Everyo
103、ne is welcome to take part and we hope you can enjoy it.Just as the slogan says, “Exercise one hour a day keeps illness away.” There is no doubt that sport is good for our health. A person who takes exercise regularly will keep fit. Whats more, exercise can make you well-behaved and confident. If yo
104、u usually take exercise with your friends, you will be close to them. After all, sports can make your life more colorful.If youd like to practice for the race, make sure that you keep warm and avoid catching a cold. Besides, if you do some warming-up exercises, you might not get injured.Students Uni
105、onJanuary 15, 2021本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封英语倡议书，号召全体同学积极参加学校准备于1月25日组织的“冬季越野赛”(a winter cross-country race)的活动。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 活动的目的；2. 体育运动的好处；3. 提醒冬季运动的安全。第二步:列提纲 In order to improve students physical condition; Everyone is welcome
106、 to take part; There is no doubt that; be good for our health; well-behaved and confident; make your life more colorful; warming-up exercises第三步：连词成句1. In order to improve students physical condition, a winter cross-country race will be organized in our school on January 25.2. Everyone is welcome to
107、 take part and we hope you can enjoy it.3. There is no doubt that sport is good for our health.4. Whats more, exercise can make you well-behaved and confident.5. If you usually take exercise with your friends, you will be close to them. After all, sports can make your life more colorful.6. If youd l
108、ike to practice for the race, make sure that you keep warm and avoid catching a cold.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As wel
109、l as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，47I called my family int
110、o my bedroom and showed them what I had found. Eyes caught by the incredible bunch of dollar bills at once, they held their breath uncontrollably, frozen with shock. I told them I wanted to give them all back, and undoubtedly, I got their support. So we tuned to the secondhand furniture store owner
111、for help. Looking through the donation records, the owner found the sons telephone number. We got in touch with him right away, told him about the will and the money and made an appointment with him.Several days later, the old ladys son and his wife came to my house. Tears welled up in the mans eyes
112、 when he saw the money and the papers, which apparently brought back his memories about his dead mother. Then the couple expressed their sincere gratitude to us. They said they were in big financial trouble now and my act of honesty was a timely help, not only giving them hope but also strengthening
113、 their faith. I had never felt better. No new bicycle could make me feel as good about myself as I felt that day. I passed an extremely important test of my honor.本文以人物为线索展开，进述了作者家里没钱给作者买自行车，所以作者要求买个床头柜，存放他自己的私人物品。于是他们就去二手家具店买了个二手床头柜，作者在给它刷油漆的时候发现了一个包，里面有一千多美元的现金和一封老太太的遗嘱，作者陷入了进退两难的困境，是留下它还是还给老太太的家人
114、呢？作者认为这是一次荣誉的测试，作者不想这次测试失败。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我把家人叫到我的卧室，并让他们看我发现的东西。”可知，第一段可描写作者的家人在看到那些东西并得知作者的决定之后的反应。由第二段首句内容“第二天，老太太的儿子和他的妻子来到我家。”可知，第二段可描写老人的家人在找回钱和母亲的遗嘱之后的反应和作者的感想。2.续写线索：家人吃惊打算返还家人支持寻找老太太的家人归还钱和遗嘱老太太家人的感谢作者的感想3.词汇激活行为类得到某人的支持：get ones support/be supported by和某人取得联系：get in touch with sb./contact sb.和某人约定：make an appointment with sb./ make a date with sb.情绪类震惊：frozen with shock/be totally shocked感谢：gratitude/thankfulness
