1、Unit 1 Friendship导读：Friendships are good for your health. During hardships, they are a source of comfort and strength. Spare no effort to learn how to find true friendships and how to be a good friend. 友谊有利于人们的健康。在艰难中，她们是人们舒展身心，增添力量的源泉。要不遗余力地学会如何寻找真正的友谊，也要学会怎样寻找自己的知己。 你真正了解友谊和健康的关系吗？ While there is
2、an impressive body of research linking friendship and health status, the precise reasons for this connection are still far from clear. Most of the studies are large prospective studies (that follow people over a period of time) and while there may be a correlation between the two variables (friendsh
3、ip and health status), researchers still dont know if there is a causeandeffect relationship, e. g. that good friendships actually improve health. There are a number of theories that attempt to explain the link, including that: 1) Good friends encourage their friends to lead more healthy lifestyles;
4、2) Good friends encourage their friends to seek help and access services, when needed;3) Good friends enhance their friends coping skills in dealing with illness and other health problems; and/or 4) Good friends actually affect physiological pathways that are protective of health. From：en. wikipedia
5、. org 重点单词请根据语义及提示写出单词1. Those excited football fans _(搅乱)the game by shouting and throwing bottles. 2. Many provinces in our country s_ a heavy loss in the flood in 2010. 3. Ten students will pay a visit to the Science Museum, Tom and John _(include). 4. We will make a _(请求)for help if necessary. 5
6、. Youd better take a deep breath to _ (calm) yourself before answering the question. 6. There is growing _(忧虑) about violence on the Internet. 7. Air pollution is one of the problems that we cant afford to _(忽视). 8. The students has come to the school with the _(目的)of passing the entrance exam. 9. S
7、he devoted herself _ (entire) to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field. 10. Hopes of economic _(复苏)are fading. 1. upset 2. suffered 3. included 4. request5. calm 6. concern 7. ignore 8. purpose9. entirely10. recovery重点短语：请根据提示写出短语1. _ down 镇定下来2. go _ 经历 3. set _ 记下；放下 4. set
8、 _ doing 动身去；开始做5. add _ 增加6. get _ 与相处7. _ talk 面谈 8. _ _ of 对厌烦1. calm 2. through 3. down 4. about5. to 6. along / on with 7. facetoface 8. get/be tired 重点句式：1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (P1)2. it was the first time in a year and a half that Id
9、 seen the night face to face(P2)单词细讲： add vi.&vt.根据语境猜词义(1)Their debt added up to more than 100,000 yuan.(2) His absence added to the difficulties to solve the problem. (3) Please add some sweet to the milk to make it more delicious. (4) He added that the importance to rid the world of hunger should
10、 be emphasized. (5) Add your scores up and well see who won.根据语义找匹配A.补充说 B. 增加，增添C. 把加到上；往添加D. 总计达E. 合计； 加起来(1)D (2)B(3)C (4)A(5)E链接come to add up toadded adj. 额外的；附加的；增添的addition n. 除此之外； 另外in addition (to) 除此之外The company provides cheap Internet access. In addition, it makes software freely availa
11、ble. 该公司提供廉价的互联网接入服务。此外，它还推出免费的共享软件。In addition to his movie work, Redford is known as a champion of environmental causes. 除了电影事业外,雷福德还是知名的环保斗士。根据语境用add的适当短语填空 The president said it was not easy to manage a company, (1)_ that the financial crisis (2)_ the difficulties. However, the dormitory for the
12、 workers must (3)_and they would (4)_ a toilet _each room. The week before, he (5)_all the expenses and the total (6)_ more than 100,000 yuan. (1)adding(补充说) (2)added to(增加)(3)be added to (扩建)(4)add; to(把加到)(5)added up(把加起来)(6)added up to(加起来的总和是，共计) concern vt.&n.根据语境猜词义(1)One of the concerns that
13、people have is that teenagers surf the Internet too much. (2) In her last days, she expressed concern for the poor students. (3) This study concerns the matter of English study. (4) Issues like food additives do concern me. 根据语义找匹配A.与有关；关于B. 担心C. 使担心D. 关切(1) B (2) D(3) A (4) C链接concerned adj. 有关的； 忧
14、虑的concerning prep. 关于；有关；涉及短语show concern about/for 担心，关心，挂念have no concern for毫不关心concern oneself about/ for 关心；为担忧concern oneself with 从事；参与be concerned about/over/for 关心； 挂念be concerned with/in 与有关；涉及句型as far asis concerned 就而言 (主要用于发表个人意见，常用在写作中，以发表自己的见解，可以代替I think)As far as I am concerned, I p
15、refer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experiences with them. 就我而言，我愿意团队合作，这就能为我提供学习与他人如何相处，如何分享的机会。根据语境用concern的恰当短语填空Besides doing his research work, Professor Wang (1)_(从事)social work. For example, he (2)_ (关心)world peace and human
16、progress. He also made it clear that his research work should (3)_(与有关)the farmers income because (4)_(就他而论), to increase the farmers income is of greater importance than anything else. (1) concerns himself with/in or is concerned with/in(2) shows concern about/for or is concerned about/for(3) be co
17、ncerned with or concern(4) as far as he is concernedsuffer vt.&vi.根据语境猜词义(1) His health suffered terribly from heavy drinking. (2) The city suffered serious damage from the earthquake. (3) He is suffering from a bad cold. (4) I cant suffer what you said. Shut up!根据语义找匹配A.患病B. 遭受；蒙受(痛苦、饥饿、损失等) C. 因而受
18、损失D. 容忍(1) C (2) B (3) A (4) D链接suffering n. 痛苦，苦难 sufferer n. 受苦者；受难者；患者短语suffer from 受苦；患(病)suffer for 为而受苦温馨提示 suffer 与suffer from 都没有被动语态，也不存在其过去分词充当状语或定语之类的情况。单项填空()(1) _ heart attack for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Bei
19、ng suffered from D. Having suffered from D考查suffer的搭配与非谓语动词的用法。由于suffer不用于被动语态，所以先排除其过去分词及现在分词的被动式的用法，即排除答案A和C。由于其宾语位置上的名词是疾病名称，所以要与from连用，故答案是D。()(2) To some life means pleasure, but to others_. A.suffer B. suffering C. sufferings D. sufferedB考查suffer的词性变化。根据命题特点，它是一个承前省略句，其选项部分应是句子的宾语，所以答案应是名词，故答案
20、为B。calm vt. & adj.根据语境猜词义(1) He remained calm in the time of danger. (2) Charlie tried his best to calm the frightened boy. (3) A ship is lying on the calm sea, sleeping. 根据语义找匹配A.风平浪静；无风的；(海洋、湖泊等)平静的B. 使平静；使安静；安抚C. 镇静的；沉着的(1) C(2) B(3) A短语calm down镇静；平静 calm sb. down使某人镇静 辨析calm/quiet/still/silentc
21、alm 指无风浪或人的心情平静quiet 指环境安静，不吵闹still 指没有运动或动作的状态silent 指不做声，不讲话用calm/quiet/still/silent填空(1) Please keep _while I take your photograph. (2) _waters run deep. (3) “B” is a _letter in “doubt”. (4) Youd better be _about what happened. (5) The street is _ at deep night. (6) The sea was_. (1) stillstill指“
22、一动不动”的静。(2) Still静水流深，大智若愚。(3)(4) silentsilent指“不发音”或“不说话”保持沉默的静。(5) quietquiet指自然界的宁静或指人不激动、不兴奋的静。(6) calmcalm指海、湖面无风浪的静或指心境的镇定、冷静。猜猜After a storm comes a calm. 的含义。其字面意思是：暴风雨过后便是宁静。引申为：雨过天晴；柳暗花明。go through根据语境猜词义(1)Hed gone through all his money by the end of the first week of his holiday. (2)Thes
23、e countries have gone through too many wars. (3)She went through her pockets and in the end found the keys. (4)You have to go through some formalities (手续) if you want to enter our school. 根据语义找匹配A.履行 B. 经历，经受 C. 仔细检查 D. 用完 (1) D(2) B(3) C(4) A短语go against 违背go abroad 出国；去海外go ahead (交际用语。用于鼓励对方去说、去
24、做)说吧！做吧！go all out to do sth. 全力以赴地做某事go away 离开go back to 回到；追溯到go far 大有前途go too far 太过分go in for 爱好；从事；参与go on 继续go over 复习；批改go up (水的)上升；(价格的)上涨go with 与匹配at one go 一下子；一举be on the go 十分活跃； 非常忙碌make a go of succeed in sth. 在获得成功have a go at sb. scold sb. 指责某人have a go on sth. have a try on sth.
25、 尝试某事链接get through 完成；通过；接通(电话)；花费look through 浏览；仔细检查；往里面看come through 安然度过(疾病；危机等)live through 活过来单项填空()(1) The police suspected him of carrying drugs so they _ his bag, but found nothing. A. looked up B. turned in C. searched for D. went throughD考查动词短语的语义辨析。look up 抬头看，仰望； turn in上交； search for 搜
26、寻； go through 经历；仔细检查。根据语境：警察怀疑他携带毒品，因此他们就仔细地检查他的包，但什么也没找到。所以答案是D。()(2) Although he had _ through a lot, he didnt _ through his job on time. A. looked; go B. got; go C. gone; get D. got; comeC考查动词短语的语义辨析。look through 浏览，仔细看； go through 经历； get through 完成； come through安然度过。根据语境：尽管他历尽千辛万苦，但还是没按时做完他的工作
27、。所以答案为C。 set down根据语境猜词义(1) I have set down everything that happened, exactly as I remember it. (2) The bus sets the children down just outside the school gate. 根据语义找匹配A. 放下；停车让乘客下车B. 记下；写下 (1) B (2)A短语set about 着手做；开始做set apart 使分开；留出set aside 把置于一边；不顾set off 动身；出发；引爆set out 动身；出发；阐明；着手做；开始做(1)你知道这
28、些动词与down连用时的语义吗？put down; take down; break down；cut down; let down；keep down _put down 放下，记下；take down 摘下； break down (机器)坏了；(人)累垮；cut down 砍伐(树木)；削减； let down使失望； keep down 压抑(感情)；使(经费)不增加。(2)set about与set out都有“着手做；开始做”的意思，你知道它们的区别吗？set about中的about是介词，其后接v.ing形式；而set out则需要接to do。 be tired of根据语境
29、猜词义 Although English is hard to learn, Im not tired of it. On the contrary, Im interested in it. 根据语义找匹配 A. 厌烦；讨厌 B. 疲惫 A短语be tired of 讨厌be tired from 因而疲惫be tired out 筋疲力尽链接tire v. (使)疲劳；(使)疲倦tired adj. 疲倦的；困倦的；厌倦的；陈旧的tiring adj. 令人疲劳的； 令人厌烦的tiresome adj. 令人疲劳的； 令人厌烦的 根据语境语义用恰当的介词或副词填空 Im tired _th
30、e travel and Im tired _， so Im tired _travel. from; out; ofget along with根据语境猜词义(1) How are you getting along with your study?(2) He is easy to get along with. 根据语义找匹配A.与相处 B. 进展(1) B(2) A短语get about 四处走动；传开 get across 传达；使理解get along/on (with) 进展，相处get away 逃脱，设法离开get back 恢复；回来；收回get down 记下；下来；下车
31、；使忧愁get down to doing sth. 开始认真干某事get in 收割；进入；被录取get off 出发；下车get on 上车get out 泄露；逃离get over 克服，成功应付；复原get together 聚会；收集get up 起床；组织，筹划根据语境语义用恰当的介词或副词填空(1) Dont get _ the bus until it has stopped. (2) I tried phoning her office, but I couldnt get_. (3) Readers can get _ very smoothly without knowi
32、ng the exact meaning of each word while reading newspapers. (1) down(2) through(3) alongWhile walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (P1) 遛狗时，你太粗心，狗扣松了而被车撞了。While walking the dog我们把它称之为“连接词非谓语动词”，根据现代语法理论，其非谓语动词的选择不受连接词的限定，而是根据主语与其关系，即主动，用v.ing形式；被动，用v.ed形式；如果非谓语动词
33、后有介词能构成 “be 过去分介词”句式的，就用v.ed形式。单项填空()(1) I wont go to the party unless_. A. invited B. inviting C. to invite D. inviteA考查“连接词 非谓语动词”的用法。invite与主语I是被动关系，用过去分词，所以答案是A。()(2) (2009湖南)Every evening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired
34、D. to be tiredC考查“连接词 非谓语动词”的用法。因非谓语动词后有介词能构成 “be tiredfrom”句式，用过去分词，所以答案是C。one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. (P2) 在某个温馨之夜，为了能一个人好好地看看月亮，我故意不睡直到十一点半。in order to 所表达的是目的状语，表示“为了”之意。其否定式是in order not to
35、 do sth.，既可放在句首，又可放在句中。 In order to catch up with his classmate as soon as possible, he works even harder. 为了能尽快地赶上同学,他学习更加刻苦了。He set out early in the morning in order not to miss the early bus. 为了不错过早班车，他一大早就动身了。链接(1) in order that 与so that 引导的是目的状语从句，在现代英语中，in order that 与so that没有太大的区别，但so that还可
36、以引导结果状语从句。He spoke at the top of his voice at the meeting in order that/so that everyone present could hear him. (目的状语从句) 他在会上声嘶力竭地喊着以便所有在场的人都能听到。He spoke at the top of his voice at the meeting, so that everyone present heard him. (结果状语从句) 他在会上声嘶力竭地喊着结果所有在场的人都听到了。根据括号中的汉语提示完成下列句子(1) We must make the
37、 polluted water clean _(为了不使河流受到污染)(2) We work hard_(为了能通过入学考试)(1) in order that it doesnt make the river polluted(2) in order to pass the entrance exam/in order that we can pass the entrance exam(2) in order that与in order to do sth.的关系 当主从复合句中的前后主语一致时，我们才可以使用in order to do sth.句式，如题(2)；否则必须使用主从复合句，
38、如题(1)。辨析in order to do sth./ so as to do sth. /to do sth. / soas toin order to do sth. 既可位于句首，也可位于句中；so as to do sth.不能放在句首；to do sth.不用于否定概念。In order to / To keep up with his classmates, he studies hard. He studies hard in order not to / so as not to fall behind. soas to只表示结果，表示“到某种程度以至于”，否定形式为soas
39、 not to。so后面接形容词或副词。运用以上短语完成下面的情景 After a days hardworking, we went to bed early. We were (1) _ tired (2) _ fall asleep as soon as our heads touch the pillows. (3) _ finish the construction in time, we made up our minds to work 12 hours a day, which is (4)_ a tough job (5) _ we felt it hard to hold
40、on. Our boss employed another 2 workers yesterday, (6) _ we could have a better rest. (1)so (2) as to (3) In order to (4) such (5) that (6) so that你知道当in order to do sth./ so as to do sth. /to do sth.结构同时出现在选项中，选哪个最保险吗？在书面表达中，表示目的我们用哪个最不出错误呢？_in order to do sth.是表示目的的万能句式，它既能放到句首，又能放在句尾，还能构成否定式，所以使用
41、它是最没问题的。I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut. (P2) 我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。(1) until既是介词又是连接词Ill wait for him until midnight. (介词)Ill wait for him until he comes back. (连接词)(2)主句是否定句的运用(注意句意变化)We discussed it until the manager came. 我们一直讨论到经理来。We didnt discuss it until the manager came. 直
42、到经理来我们才讨论。We didnt stop working until the manager came. 直到经理来我们才停止工作。当until意为“直到才”时，主句就要用否定句，而不是依据主句的动词是否是延续性动词。当主句是延续性动词时，主句用肯定句，其意思是：主句的动作一直延续到从句动词所发生的动作为止；而使用否定句时，则表示从句的动作发生时，主句的动作才开始发生。(3)until后的时态问题 由于until引导的是时间状语从句，所以它的一般将来时用一般现在时代替；过去将来时用一般过去时代替；将来完成时用现在完成时代替。 He had left his key in the offi
43、ce. He had to wait until his wife came. Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. (4) 这一句式的倒装问题 Not until he came back from Africa that year did he meet the girl he would like to marry. It was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry. 当not until在句首时，其
44、主句应当使用倒装句；而强调句则不倒装。 it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face (P2) 这是我一年半来第一次目睹夜晚It/This is/was the first/second time that主语完成时，表示“某人第一/第二次做某事”。 其完成时的选择依据主句的be动词是was，从句的谓语用过去完成时had done；主句的be动词是is，从句的谓语用现在完成时have done；主句的be动词是will be，从句的谓语用将来完成时will have done。 Ca
45、n you tell me the way to the station? Sorry, Im a stranger here. This is the first time I have come here. 你知道这一句型与“Its high/ about time (that) 从句”的区别吗？在下列例句中体会。 Its the first time that I have gone to the school. Its high time that I went to the school. “Its the first time that从句”句型中从句的时态是完成时，而“Its high/ about time (that) 从句”句型中从句的时态是一般过去时或should do sth. 。
