1、话题：社会【词汇积累】【佳句背诵】1.respectable adj.令人尊敬的2.achievement n. 成就3.volunteer n. 志愿者4.aggressive adj. 有进取心的5.determination n. 决心6.attractive adj. 有魅力的7.distinguished adj. 杰出的8.cooperate v. 合作9.virtue n. 美德10.responsibility n. 责任11.with a strong will 有坚强的意志12.do research on 对做研究13.be determined to do sth. 决
2、心做某事14.do a good deed 做好事15.in need of 需要16.share.with. 与分享17.set an example to 为树立榜样18.be beneficial to 对有好处1.Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高。2.As a dedicated player，Yao Ming sets us a good example.作为一名富有献身精神的运动员，姚明给我们树立了一个良好的榜样。3.With great determination and perseverance，she commits to helping
3、the blind and deaf children，which makes a great contribution to the charity.凭着无比的决心和毅力，她全身心帮助盲聋儿童，为慈善事业作出重大贡献。【写作模板】公共场合的文明礼仪As we all know, good manners are very important in public places.However, some people behave rudely, which damages the image of the Chinese.Some people spit wherever they go a
4、nd others drop litter in the street, which can make our environment dirty.Still some talk loudly on the phone as if they were at home.Worse still, some tourists scribble on the cultural relics.It is time that we stopped our rude behavior and learnt to behave politely.We should always put all the rub
5、bish into the dustbin to keep the environment clean.We should talk quietly in public places in order not to disturb others.In this way, we will be able to live in harmony with others.单词拼写根据词义写出英文单词。1_ vt. & vi.选派角色；投射(光影)；向投以(视线、笑容)2_ vt. 宣判，判刑；指责，谴责3_ adj. 固执的，顽固的4_ vt. 抓住，捉住；逮捕，捉拿；夺取，攻占5_ n& vt. 要
6、求，需求；强烈要求，需要6_ adj. 清楚的，显然的7_ vt. 责骂；斥责，训斥8_ n. 机遇，时机9_ n. 人事部门；职员，全体人员10_ vt.& vi 寻求，追求，寻找；试图，设法11_ adj. 破损的，受伤的；中止了的；不连续的12_ n. 失业，失业人数13_ n. 收藏品；作品集；一排(人或物品)；取走14_ n. 根，根茎；起因，根源v. 生根，扎根15_ adj. 逐渐的，逐步的；平缓的，不陡的16_ vi. & vt. 衰落；下降；婉言谢绝n. 衰落，衰败；减少；下降17_ n. 歧视，区别对待；鉴赏力，辨别力18_ n. 趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好19_ adj. 不
7、愿意，不情愿；勉强的，无奈的20_ adj. 极好的；令人敬畏的，令人惊叹的答案：1.cast2.condemn3.stubborn4.seize5.demand6.evident7.scold8.opportunity9.personnel10.seek11.broken12.unemployment13.collection14.root15.gradual16.decline17.discrimination18tendency19.unwilling20.awesome.单词拓展写出下列单词及其派生词。1_ adj. 共同的，普遍的，全体的，全世界的_ n. 宇宙2_ n. 自由_ n
8、. 解放3_ n. 奴隶制；奴隶身份_ n. 奴隶4_ vi.& vt. 联合，团结；统一_ adj. 一致的；共同的5_ adj. 引起恐慌的；令人不安的_ v. 扰乱，妨碍_ n. 扰乱，骚动6_ n&vt.& vi 偏见，伤害_ adj. 有偏见的7_ adj. 仁慈的，宽大为怀的，慈悲的_ n. 仁慈，怜悯，恩惠，宽恕 答案：1.universal；universe2.liberty；liberation3.slavery；slave4.unite；united5.disturbing；disturb；disturbance6.prejudice；prejudiced7.mercifu
9、l；mercy1_ 被处以某种刑罚2_ 允许某人做某事3_ 没能够做成4_ 渴望做5_ 违背诺言6_ 对一见钟情7_ 呈现8_ 不愿意做9_ 为某事责备某人10_ 对是可进入的11_ 被转换成12_ 有倾向13_ 突然兴起，迅速出现14_ 被认为是15_ 破裂，解散；破碎答案：1.be condemned to sth.2.allow sb.to do sth.3fail to do4.be eager to do5.break ones promise6fall in love with sb.at first sight7.take on8.be unwilling to do9.scol
10、d sb.for sth.10.be accessible to11.be transformed into12.have a tendency to.13spring up14.be thought of as.15.break up语境填词Five years ago，when he (1)_(向玛丽求婚)，he was (2)_(婉言谢绝) because of his arrogance and (3)_(偏见)Moreover，his (4)_(歧视) against women was once (5)_(责骂) and (6)_(谴责) by many people.Due to
11、 his character，the villagers were (7)_(不愿意) to speak to him.Later，he (8)_(逐渐地) realized his shortcomings and began to (9)_(寻求) others forgiveness.Before long，he found employment at a (10)_(幼儿园) and married.答案：(1)asked for Marys hand in marriage(2)declined(3)prejudice(4)discrimination(5)scolded(6)con
12、demned(7)unwilling(8)gradually(9)seek(10)kindergarten1比较级和否定词连用表达的是肯定意义Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome setting!仿写我十分同意你的意见。I cant agree_ you.2find sb./sth.adj.(宾补)，发觉某人某事The emperor finds the death disturbing.仿写我觉得这部电影很无聊。I found the film_
13、3would like to后省略了do soHowever，although he would like to，he cannot break his promise and must allow Turandot to do as she wishes.仿写男孩想在街上骑自行车但他妈妈不让。The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother_4while引导的是让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”While the blues was popular，as a musical format it lacked vari
14、ety and was too sad and slow to dance to.仿写我虽然承认他的优点，但还是能看到他的缺点。_his advantages，I can see his disadvantages.答案：1.more with2.boring3.told him not to4.While I admitThe worldfamous opera，Turandot，is the story of a coldhearted Chinese princess，named Turandot.In order to avoid marriage，she says that 1._
15、potential husband must answer three riddles correctly 2._ die.A handsome prince，named Calaf，says that he will solve the problems and marry her.But a young slave of his father，Liu，begins to love him，then the story takes 3._ a classic love triangle featuring Calaf，Turandot，and Liu，4._ love for Calaf i
16、s unconditional.5._ Calaf recites the answers 6._ the Turandots questions correctly，she is greatly upset by this.Seeing this，Calaf says that 7._ she can guess his name by sunrise，she dose not have to marry him.In order to learn his name，Turandot tortures Liu，asking for the name.Unfortunately，Liu kil
17、ls 8._But at the end of the story，the prince and Turandot unite in marriage，and the whole city celebrates their happiness.答案：1.any2.or3.on4.whose5.Although6.to7.if8.herself castvt.&vi.选派角色；投射(光、影)；向投以(视线、笑容)(教材P18)Some of the worlds greatest opera singers were cast in this production，and many great
18、Chinese musicians also participated.几位世界级歌剧演唱家在演出中担任角色，许多杰出的中国音乐家也参与进来。cast new light on sth.对某事有新的认识cast a shadow(on/over) (在某物上)投下影子(或阴影)cast doubt on 怀疑cast down 使沮丧cast off 解缆，摆脱He was able to cast off such an uninteresting task.他终于摆脱了这么一项乏味的工作。At that time，the Cold War still cast_a_shadow_on/ov
19、er our childrens future.当时，冷战仍然给我们孩子的未来笼罩上一层阴影。Candles cast a romantic light in the restaurants dining room.烛光为饭店的餐厅增添了几分浪漫。 unwillingadj.不情愿的；勉强的；不愿意的；无奈的(教材P19)Turandot becomes very angry at this turn of events，as she is unwilling to get married.图兰朵对于事情的这一转折非常生气，因为她不愿意结婚。(1)be unwilling to do不愿意做(
20、2)will n. 意愿at will 随心所欲against ones will 违心 (3)willing adj. 愿意的be willing to do 愿意做(2013高考山东卷阅读理解)He did a survey，which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain，while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them.他
21、做了一个调查，表明Sparrow已有的顾客对连锁店抱着积极的态度，而其他快餐店的顾客不愿意离开别的快餐店。Do you know if Linda is_willing_to_take charge of the program?你知不知道琳达是否愿意负责这个项目？It doesnt hurt to ask，does it?问问她不会有什么的，对不对？I was forced to sign the agreement against my will.我被迫违心地在协议上签了字。 demandvt.强烈要求；需要n要求；需求(教材P19)Calafs father and Liu have b
22、een seen accompanying Calaf，so Turandot seizes Calafs father and Liu，and demands that they tell her Calafs name or they will be beaten.卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿被发现陪着卡拉夫，所以图兰朵抓住他俩，要求他们告诉她卡拉夫的名字，否则就打他们。(1)demand that sb.(should)do要求某人做demand to do 要求做(2)meet/satisfy ones demands(for.) 满足某人(对的)需求in demand 需求大on demand
23、 一经要求(3) demanding adj. 需高技能的，费力的；苛求的，难满足的(2014高考新课标全国卷阅读理解) Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.完全掌握一门知识需要持续不断地学习直到10岁或12岁。I demand to_see the manager.我坚决要求见经理。But the eldest daughter demanded that he reduce_the_number of his soldiers to fifty.但是他的大女儿要求他将他的卫队人数减少到5
24、0。As many as 300，000 new houses are needed to meet demands this year.需要30万幢新房子来满足今年的需求。温馨提示demand后不能直接接sb.to do sth.。【活用】一句多译他要求把一切都告诉他。(1)He demands _ everything.(2)He demands that he _ everything.答案：(1)to be told(2)(should) be told declinevt.&vi.婉言谢绝；衰落，下降n衰落，下降；衰败；减少(教材P30)From the early 1930s to
25、 the early 1950s，traditional jazz went into a gradual decline，.从二十世纪三十年代初至二十世纪五十年代初，传统的爵士乐开始逐渐走向没落，(1)decline an invitation谢绝邀请decline to do sth. 婉拒做某事decline to answer a question 拒绝回答问题on ones declining years 暮年，晚年(2)a decline in prices 物价的下跌on the decline 在衰退中；在下降(2014高考江苏卷任务型阅读)They teach kids to
26、 stand up and be themselves，and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong.他们教给孩子们要独立，要做自己，并且鼓励他们有礼貌地拒绝去做他们认为错的事情。(2013高考山东卷阅读理解)Although Sparrow showed no sign of declining，the chain was generally in an unhealthy state.尽管Sparrow没有显示业绩下降的迹象，但连锁却普遍的处于不景气的状态。The arts o
27、f China have not declined in spite of Western influence.虽有西方影响，但中国的艺术并未因此而衰落。【活用】句型转换Crime rate in the white areas here is declining.Crime rate in the white areas here is _答案：on the decline seekvt.&vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求(教材P31)In the early 1950s，a record company owner from Memphis，Tennessee，Sam Philips，soug
28、ht to bring rock music to white audiences.在20世纪50年代早期，一位来自田纳西州孟菲斯城的唱片公司老板萨姆菲利普斯设法给白人听众带去摇滚乐。(1)seek sth.from sb.向某人寻求某物seek to do sth. 试图/设法做某事seek out 找出seek for/after 追求；寻求(2)seek ones fortune 寻找致富及成功之路seek help/an answer/the truth/fortune/fame 寻求帮助/寻找答案/寻求真理/追求财富/求名(3) 过去式：sought；过去分词：sought(2014
29、高考山东卷单项填空)A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.一家在国内市场利润下降的公司可能会去国外谋求机会。Local schools are seeking to reduce the dropout rate.地方学校在寻求降低辍学率。Young people long to seek_their_fortune in Shenzhen.年轻人渴望到深圳寻找致富的机会。【活用】用seek的相关词语的适当形式填空(1)He _(cheat)in the exa
30、m but in vain.(2)He went to Beijing to _(碰运气)(3)She calmed down and then _(向一位邻居求助)答案：(1)sought to cheat(2)seek his fortune/fame(3)sought help from a neighbour be condemned to sth.被处以某种刑罚(教材P18)Those who cannot answer all three riddles，however，will be condemned to death.然而，猜不出全部三道谜语的人就要被判死刑。(1)conde
31、mn sb.for sth.因某事而谴责某人condemn sb.to(to为介词) 把逼入某状态，使某人注定(2)be condemned to do sth. 迫使/注定去做某事be condemned/sentenced to death 被判处死刑 (3)同义词：be sentenced toHe was_condemned_to_death for murder and later hanged.他因凶杀罪被判处死刑后被绞死。She was condemned to hang for killing her husband.她因杀害亲夫被处于绞刑。【活用】用condemn的相关词语完
32、成小片段Lack of skills (1)_ living a poor life.Though she knew that society would (2)_ abandoning her baby，she did so at last.The judge (3)_ one year in prison.But she expected to (4)_缺乏技能注定了她要过着艰难的生活。尽管她知道社会会谴责她遗弃孩子，她还是做了。法官判处她一年徒刑，但她希望被判处死刑。答案：(1)condemned her to(2)condemn her for(3)condemned her to(4
33、)be condemned to death break up破裂，解散；破碎(教材P31)However，even though the Beatles broke up in 1970，no group since has ever come close to being as popular or selling as many records.然而，即使甲壳虫乐队在1970年解散，自从那时起再也没有乐队像他们那样受欢迎或者卖跟他们一样多的唱片。break away from摆脱，与断绝来往break down (车)抛锚，(物质)分解，(政府)垮台，(计划)失败，(组织)瓦解，(人)非
34、常悲伤，(身体)垮了，(和谈)中断break in 强行闯进，打扰，插嘴break off 拆开，裂开，断绝(关系)，停止，中断谈话break into 闯入，强行进入，破门而入break out (眼泪)夺眶而出，(疾病、火灾) 突然发生，(部队)突围，(战争)爆发break through 冲破阻力向前，在某个领域有进展或突破The allied forces soon broke through the enemys defence line.联军很快就突破了敌人的防线。【活用】用break短语的适当形式填空(1)Im surprised to hear that Sue and Pau
35、l have _So am IThey seemed very happy together when I last saw them.(2)The criminal _ the policemen who were holding him.(3)The thieves _ his house and stole a lot of money.(4)When World War _，he seemed to have become another man，downhearted.(5)The car _ on the way.(6)Scientists think they have _ in
36、 their attempt to find the causes of many major diseases.(7)He _ in the middle of his story.答案：(1)broken up(2)broke away from(3)broke into(4)broke out(5) broke down (6) broken through(7) broke off.品句填词1If you _(害怕) to speak to your parents like that again，you will be sorry.2She _(看一眼) her eyes down
37、to avoid direct eye contact.3The current _(趋势) is towards more parttime employment.4I could hear mother _(责骂) the dog for bringing mud into the house.5I came here to ask for your daughters hand in _(婚姻)6When asked to comment on details of the agreement，the President_(婉拒)7It must be _(明显的) to all of
38、you that he has made a mistake.8_(抓住) the chance，otherwise youll regret it.9He was _(选派)for the part of Hamlet.10Sometimes proper answers are not far to _(寻求)to food safety problem.答案：1.dare2.cast3.trend4.scolding5.marriage6.declined7.evident8.Seize9.cast10.seek.选词填空take up；dare；cast；scold for；ask f
39、or sb.s hand in marriage；seize；break up；seek out；evident；take on1Only a few journalists _ to cover the story now.2He is unwilling to_ the responsibility.3Tom _ his eyes down to pretend to learn new words.4When I got home，I heard mother _ my brother _ playing computer games.5Last Friday Mr.Wang came
40、here to _ your daughters _6What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice_？7A salesmans job is to _ customers.8It was _ to me that he was not telling the truth.9_ the chance to get promoted，or youll wait two more years.10After he retired from office，Rogers _ painting for a while，but soon lost i
41、nterest.答案：1.dare2.take on3.cast4.scolding；for5.ask for；hand in marriage6.break up7.seek out8.evident9Seize10.took up.单项填空1They decided to _ the partnership.Abreak upBbreak throughCbreak outDbreak down解析：选D。考查动词短语的辨析。break down“(车)抛锚，(物质)分解，(政府)垮台，(计划)失败，(组织)瓦解，(人)非常悲伤，(身体)垮了，(和谈)中断”。break out“(眼泪)夺
42、眶而出，(疾病、火灾) 突然发生，(部队)突围，(战争)爆发”；break through“现出，露出，冲破阻力向前，在某个领域有进展或突破”；break up“分解，驱散，打碎，使分裂”。2He was_because he was forbidden to go out with his brothers.Acast awayBcast downCthrown offDthrown out解析：选B。句意：他很沮丧因为被禁止与哥哥们一起出去。cast down sb.“使某人沮丧”。3Offered the position of Chairman，Mr.Smith_，preferring
43、 to keep his current job.AdecreasedBretiredCleftDdeclined解析：选D。句意：当让他担任主席时，史密斯先生婉言谢绝了，他宁愿做现在的工作。decline指“有礼貌地拒绝提议或邀请”，符合题意。decrease“减少”；retire“退休”；leave“离开”。4Our teacher demanded that all of us _ English every day.Ashould practise to speakBwould practise speakingCcould practise speakingDpractise spe
44、aking解析：选D。demand that.从句的谓语动词用should动词原形。should可以省略；practise后接动名词。故选D。句意：我们老师要求我们所有人每天练习说英语。5The murderer _ killing his boss.Awas condemned to death forBwas condemned death asCwas condemned to death asDcondemned to death for解析：选A。考查固定搭配be condemned to death for sth./doing sth.“因被处死”。 (教材P18)Just im
45、agine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome setting！想象一下在紫禁城上演这场歌剧吧不可能有比这更令人叹为观止的场景了！此句应用了“no/nevera/an比较级单数名词”的结构，表示最高级含义。下列结构均表示最高级含义：(1)否定词比较级(2)比较级thanany other单数名词比较级than all(the)other单数名词比较级than anyone else比较级than any of the other复数名词比较级than the rest o
46、f复数名词或不可数名词(3)完成时neversoadj.a/ann.完成时neversucha/anadj.n.完成时neveradj./adv.enough(4)cant.adj./adv.enoughcant.tooadj./adv.The story in your novel is prefect.I have never read a better one.这小说里的故事非常完美。我从来没看过比这个更好的。I have never seen such a glorious sunrise.我从未见过这样壮观的日出。You cant praise him too_much你再怎么表扬他
47、都不为过。 (教材P18)The emperor finds the death disturbing.皇上为死人的事感到不安。本句使用的是find宾语宾补，disturbing是形容词用来补充说明the death。“find复合宾语”中宾补常用名词(或短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词或to be来充当。当使用动词不定式作宾语，其后再接宾补时，常用形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面。When I got home，I found the door open.到家时，我发现门开着。The youth found_it_hard_to work it out.年轻人发觉解决那个问题很难。Whe
48、n he came to himself，he found himself surrounded by some unknown people.当他醒来时，发现自己被一些不认识的人围着。I find the Chinese people to_be happy and cheerful.我发现中国人民是快乐幸福的。.完成句子1在村里，小汉斯的花园是最可爱的了。In the village there was _ than that of little Hans.2这两个女孩长得很相像，不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。The two girls are so alike that stranger
49、s_ to tell one from the other.3根据科学家研究，我们的精气神在22岁达到高峰值之后便从27岁开始下滑。 According to scientists，our mental abilities begin to_from the age of 27 after _the highest level at 22.4世上没有比那些书更有价值的东西了。Nothing in the world is _those books.5不给孩子做出表率而一味责怪他的行为是毫无用处的。Its no use_ his behavior without showing him a go
50、od example.答案：1.no garden more lovely2.find it difficult3.decline；reaching4.more valuable than5.scolding the child for.句型转换1The girl who is singing on the stage is very popular in our school._ on the stage is very popular in our school.2The wall being painted white now was very dirty before.The wall
51、_ white now was very dirty before.3Health is the most valuable.Nothing _than health.4The students followed the teacher into the classroom.The students came into the classroom，_5He walked slowly and thought what he would talk about at the meeting to be held soon.He walked slowly，_what he would talk a
52、bout at the meeting to be held soon.答案：1.The girl singing2.which is being painted3.can be more valuable4.following the teacher5.thinking .单项填空1People in Chinas Northeast have never experienced_natural disaster in 2013.Exactly.Lets do our bit to help them.Aa more severeBthe most severeCthe more sever
53、eDa most severe解析：选A。考查比较级句型。never.more.“没有比更的”，用比较级形式表示最高级含义。2(2015江苏盱眙中学高三检测)He is afraid to face the difficulty he thinks hell have _ the driving test tomorrow；he finds it difficult _ rid of the worries.Apassed；gotBpassing；to getCto pass；getting Din passing；in getting解析：选B。第一个空是考查have difficulty(
54、in)doing.；第二个空考查find后跟宾语和宾补，因宾语较长，又由不定式充当，所以用了形式宾语。3The girl wanted to watch TV when she didnt finish the homework，but her mother told her _Anot toBnot to doCnot to itDdo not to解析：选A。此处用省略形式 to 来代替前面的动作以避免重复。4Suddenly，a man driving a motor car_the girls bag and took it away，_into the darkness.Aseizi
55、ng；disappearedBseized；disappearedCseizing；disappearingDseized；disappearing解析：选D。第一空seized和took是句子的并列谓语，disappearing into the darkness是现在分词短语作伴随状语。5We didnt find the Blacks_the lecture.No one had told him about_a lecture the following day.Aattend；there to beBattending；there beingCattended；there beDat
56、tending；there was解析：选B。第一空find sb.doing“发觉某人正做某事”，第二空作about的介词宾语，所以用动名词形式there being。写作素材1世界上的音乐有两大类，一类是写下来的，另一类是没有写下来的。2民间音乐是一代一代流传下来的。3起初从来没有人把它写下来过。4人们是从家人、亲戚、村里的邻居或朋友那里学会唱这些歌的。5众所周知，民间音乐歌词内容主要与乡村生活、季节、动植物以及人们生活中的爱情与忧伤有关。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文。)_One possible version：There are tw
57、o important kinds of music in the worldone is written down and the other is not.Folk music has been passed down from one generation to another.At first，it was never written down.People learnt the songs from their families，relatives，neighbours and friends in the same village.As we all know，these songs are mainly about the country life，seasons，animals and plants，and about love and sadness in peoples lives.温馨提示完成作业：课后达标检测25
