1、考前提分必刷题(二)对应学生用书(单独成册)第211页.单词拼写1If we have a positive attitude towards life，we can overcome whatever difficulty we meet.2She prefers to shop online rather than go to stores.3He is a determined man.Once he makes up his mind，he never gives up.4I want to express my thanks to you for your kind help.5Im
2、 writing to express my congratulations to you for your passing the exam.6It was you who persuaded(说服)me to give up smoking.7As a monitor，I organized(组织)many activities and gained much experience.8The activity is scheduled(时间安排在)on May 15th.9I am extremely(极度地)excited to hear the news that I have bee
3、n admitted to Beijing University.10Mary is always buried(埋头于)in her study.单句改错(请按照高考要求在原句上修改)1On average，how many time do you spend on sports activities each week?答案：On average，how time do you spend on sports activities each week?2When deeply absorbing in work，he would forget all about eating or sle
4、eping.答案：When deeply in work，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.3I approve your trying to earn some money，but please dont neglect your studies.答案：I approve your trying to earn some money，but please dont neglect your studies.4The job market has changed and our approach to find work must cha
5、nge as well.答案：The job market has changed and our approach to work must change as well.5The shop assistant was dismissed as she was accused for cheating customers.答案：The shop assistant was dismissed as she was accused cheating customers.熟词生义(根据语境写出加黑词的词性及词义)1appeal(熟义：v.恳求，呼吁)The idea of camping has
6、 never appealed to me.v.对有吸引力，使感兴趣2arm(熟义：n.手臂)Lay down your own arms，or well fire！n.武器3available(熟义：adj.可得到的；可找到的)Could you put forward some suggestions to us on our present plan when you are available？adj.(人)有空的4back(熟义：n.背)What satisfied him was that many of his friends backed his plan.v.支持5badly
7、(熟义：adv.差)Since our school is a new one，English teachers are badly needed in our school.adv.迫切，很.重点句式1就我个人而言，这项计划很难实施。(beadj.不定式)As far as I am concerned，the_plan_is_difficult_to_carry_out2经过长期的战乱之后，利比亚人民迫不及待地想过上平静的生活。(can hardly/not wait to do sth./for sth.)The people of Libya could_hardly/couldnt_
8、wait_to_live_a_peaceful_life after a long war.3这些电视节目并非全都受人们的欢迎。(部分否定)All these TV programs are_not_popular_with people.对应学生用书(单独成册)第212页.阅读理解Chinese scientists applied a specially developed new technology to laserranging(激光测距)telescopes，which enabled them to identify space waste more effectively th
9、an previous techniques，according to a study published in the Journal of Laser Applications.“After improving the pointing accuracy of the telescope through a neural(神经的)network，space debris(碎片)with a cross sectional area of one square meter(10 square feet)and a distance of 1，500 kilometers(932 miles)
10、can be identified，” Tianming Ma，an author of the study from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping，Beijing and Liaoning Technical University，Fuxin，said in a statement.Debris can include nonfunctional spacecraft，abandoned launch vehicle stages，and other missionrelated space waste.It is very dan
11、gerous for astronauts and spacecraft in orbit above the Earth as they travel very fastup to 18，000 miles per hour.Worryingly，there are probably many millions of tiny debris pieces in lowEarth orbit，and tens of thousands larger than a softball，NASA said.Fortunately，there have been surprisingly few co
12、llisions.Laserranging technology has previously been used to find space waste.However，these systems have their limitations when it comes to accurately identifying small，fastmoving pieces.In fact，previous laserranging methods have only been accurate to within about 0.6 miles.In an attempt to overcome
13、 the inaccuracies in laserranging techniques，the Chinese team used socalled neural networks to improve the effectiveness of their telescope system.Neural networks are computing systems which are inspired by biological networks in the brain.They can learn to become better at tasks without being given
14、 a specific set of rules to follow.Ma and his team tested this method against more traditional techniques at the Beijing Fangshen laser range telescope station.According to the team，this is the first time that neural network has been used to significantly improve the pointing accuracy of a laserrang
15、ing telescope.They say that the latest findings could have significant meaning for guiding spacecraft in orbit.语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会科技与生活用新技术识别太空垃圾语篇解读文章主要介绍了中国科学家在激光测距望远镜上应用了新技术，从而能更有效地识别太空垃圾。1What are laserranging telescopes designed to do?ASet up a neural network in space.BFind out the precise position
16、 of space waste.CHelp the telescopes work more accurately.DConfirm the amount and size of space waste.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“which enabled them to identify space waste more effectively than previous techniques”和第三段中的“Laserranging technology has previously been used to find space waste.”可知，激光测距望远镜被用来识别和确定太
17、空垃圾的位置，这种新技术让太空垃圾的识别和位置确定更为精确，故答案为B。答案：B2Which can be regarded as space debris according to the text?AUseless manmade objects in space.BFasttravelling softballs.CLaunch vehicle stages in lowEarth orbit.DSatellites moving too fast.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Debris can include nonfunctional spacecraft，abandoned
18、 launch vehicle stages，and other missionrelated space waste.”可知，太空碎片包括不运转的航天器、废弃的运载火箭段和其他与太空任务相关的太空垃圾。由此可知，太空中无用的人造物体也是太空碎片。答案：A3What can be used to describe the function of neural networks?ARule followers.BBiological computing.CMachine learning.DSpacecraft guidance.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Neural networks
19、 are computing systems which are inspired by biological networks in the brain.They can learn to become better at tasks without being given a specific set of rules to follow.”可知，神经网络是受大脑生物网络启发的数据处理系统，它们可以在不被给予特定规则的情况下学会更好地完成任务，由此可推知，神经网络具有“机器学习”的功能。答案：C4What can be the best title of the text?ANew Tec
20、hnology Used to Find Space WasteBThe First Telescope to Handle Space DebrisCAn Invention for Astronauts and SpacecraftDThe Substitute for Laserranging Telescopes解析：标题归纳题。根据上下文可知，文章主要介绍了中国科学家使用新技术使得激光测距望远镜能更有效地识别太空垃圾。故答案为A。答案：A.阅读七选五(2020河北九校二次联考)September 23 marks the start of a new season._1_In Gre
21、at Britain，the third season of the year usually has only one name: autumn.But if you travel across the Atlantic，youll find that people use both fall and autumn interchangeably when referring to this time of year，making it the only season in the English language with two widely accepted names. _2_Acc
22、ording to D，fall isnt a modern name that followed the more traditional autumn.The two terms are actually first recorded within a few hundred years of each other，with the term fall being used even a bit earlier._3_ The word is of Germanic origin and meant “picking” or “collecting”，a nod to the act of
23、 gathering and preserving crops in the field before winter.In the 1500s，English speakers began referring to the season separating the hot and cold months as either the fall of the leaf or the spring of the leaf，or fall and spring for short._4_By the end of the 1600s，autumn，from the French word “auto
24、mne” and the Latin “autumnus”，had overtaken fall as the standard British term for the third season.Around the same time England adopted autumn，the firstever British American colonists(殖民者)were voyaging to North America._5_While the former fell out of fashion overseas，it established itself in the loc
25、al vocabulary by the time America won its independence.Today，using both words to describe the season before winter is still a unique American behavior.AThe Americans prefer using fall to using autumn.BWith them they brought the words fall and autumn.CSo what is it about the season that makes it so s
26、pecial?DBut for some reason，only spring had staying power in Britain.EIt is time to gather apples，rice and other things for the farmers.FHowever，what exactly you should call that season depends on where you are.GBefore either word appeared，the season between summer and winter was known as harvest.语篇
27、类型说明文主题语境人与社会文化秋天在英语中的叫法语篇解读文章介绍了秋天在英语中两种不同的叫法及其历史渊源。1解析：考查细节支撑句。空前提到了a new season，空后讲大不列颠和大西洋彼岸对这一季节叫法的不同，故F项符合语境，选项中的that season和depends on where you are分别与文中内容对应。答案：F2解析：考查承上启下句。空前提到秋天有两种叫法，下文是对此的解释，C项“那么是什么让这个季节变得如此特别”连接上下文，符合题意。答案：C3解析：考查段落主旨句。上文提到了一个季节的两种叫法，结合下文的the word可知，空处所填句中应用一个有关秋季另一种叫法的
28、单词，G项“在两个词出现之前，夏季和冬季之间的季节被称为harvest”符合题意。答案：G4解析：考查细节支撑句。上文讲到在16世纪，以英语为母语的人开始用树叶的落下(简称fall)或生长(简称spring)来指代炎热和寒冷的月份之间的那个季节，空后提到了17世纪末，autumn取代fall成为指代第三个季节的标准英国用词，由此推断，空处应说明spring该词的情况，故选D。答案：D5解析：考查细节支撑句。空前讲大约在英格兰采用autumn来指代秋天的同一时间，第一批去美国的英国殖民者开始漂洋过海到了北美，空后提到前一个词虽然在大洋彼岸不再流行，但却在美国独立后站稳了脚跟。B项中的them、t
29、hey对应了空前的the firstever British American colonists，B项中的fall对应了空后的the former。答案：B难句分析：In the 1500s，English speakers began referring to the season separating the hot and cold months as either the fall of the leaf or the spring of the leaf，or fall and spring for short.(Para.3)分析：本句主干是“English speakers b
30、egan referring to the season as either the fall of the leaf or the spring of the leaf.”。现在分词短语separating the hot and cold months作后置定语修饰the season。for short意为“简称”。译文：在16世纪，以英语为母语的人开始用树叶的落下(简称fall)或生长(简称spring)来指代炎热和寒冷的月份之间的那个季节。更上层楼破解长难句之“插入、同位和分割”插入语：从命题角度来看插入语的两个逗号或两个破折号就相当于两个括号，表示对插入语前面的解释和说明。从长难句
31、的处理角度来看，插入语扮演的角色就是可以作为整体提出来放到一边最后处理，例如：She，I think，has no feeling for your trouble.我想，她对你的遭遇无动于衷。同位语：一般情况下，跟在某些名词后表示该名词内容或身份的词或句都叫同位语。例如：People here，men and women，old and young，supported the project.这儿的男女老少都支持这项工程。分割：在句子本该连在一起的成分中间加入其他成分，常见的分割有：主谓分割、动宾分割、定语(从句)分割等。例如：The theory，formed thousands of y
32、ears ago，which people believed in，is now proved to be wrong by many scientists.分析：formed thousands of years ago是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰the theory；which people believed in是非限制性定语从句，也修饰the theory。本句主干是“The theory is now proved to be wrong by many scientists.”。译文：几千年前人们深信不疑的理论现在被很多科学家证明是错误的。“After improving the
33、pointing accuracy of telescope through a neural network，space debris with a cross sectional area of one square meter(10 square feet)and a distance of 1，500 kilometers(932 miles)can be identified，” Tianming Ma，an author of the study from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping，Beijing and Liaoni
34、ng Technical University，Fuxin，said in a statement.(阅读理解Para.1)分析：直接引语部分是一个复杂的简单句，主语是space debris，谓语是can be identified，with介宾短语with a cross sectional area of one square meter(10 square feet)and a distance of 1，500 kilometers(932 miles)作后置定语修饰主语，after介宾短语为时间状语。an author of the study from the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping，Beijing and Liaoning Technical University，Fuxin是Tianming Ma的同位语。句意：位于北京的中国测绘科学研究院和位于阜新市的辽宁工程科技大学进行了联合研究，该研究的作者之一马天明在一份声明中说，“在通过神经网络提高望远镜的指向精度之后，我们可以探测到横截面积1平方米(10平方英尺)和1，500千米(932英里)远的空间碎片。”
