1、树德中学高2018级高考适应性考试英语试题第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项，,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where is the bank?A. On Park Road. B. On Walnut Street. C. On Cherry Lane.2. What is the speakers final decision?A Going cycling. B. Pla
2、ying tennis. C. Playing football.3. How is the weather now?A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.4. What is the woman?A. A dentist. B. A salesperson. C. A waitress.5. Why did the man stay up last night? A. He was busy preparing a speech.B. He felt too nervous to sleep.C. He had a stomachache.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.
3、5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小 题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Manager and secretary.C. Shopkeeper and customer.7. What will the woman
4、do next?A. Buy some paper. B. Copy some reports. C. Talk to Peter.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8, What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Take a rest.B. Reduce the cost.C. Work hard on the project.9. Why hasnt the man got a raise?A. He hasnt done well in the project.B. He hasnt worked in the company long enough
5、.C. The company has been losing money all the time.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What kind of flat can the man afford ?A. One with a garden.B. One with three bedrooms.C. One with two living rooms.11. What would the man like to do on a balcony?A. Take exercise.B. Enjoy the sunshine.C. Place some plants.12. Wh
6、ere does the man want the flat to be?A. Close to his workplace.B. Far from a busy street.C. Near the railway station.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What does the man ask the woman to do?A. Attend a meeting.B. Take his notebook to him.C. Tell him his schedule.14. What should the man do next Tuesday?A. Take a t
7、raining course.B. Meet a customer.C. Sign a document.15. When should the man attend a department meeting next week?A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.16. At what time will the product show end?A. 10:00 a.m. B. 12:00 p.m. C. 1:00 p.m.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the speaker talking about?
8、A. The development of transport.B. Different countries around the world.C. Transport systems in different countries.18. What contributes most to the development of Columbias air transport?A. Its tourism demand.B. Its commercial development.C. Its geographical conditions.19. What do we know about Col
9、umbias railway system?A. It is out of date.B. It increases the foreign trade.C. It has a network of about48,000 km.20. How many airports are there in the UK?A. About 90. B. About 150. C. About 400.第二部分 阅读理解(共二节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChoosing the right hiking eq
10、uipment will make your walk safer and more comfortable. Getting it right is easy with our pick of the best. Dont hesitate to grab them!SMART SOCKSSmartwool Womens PhD Outdoor Light Print Crew Walking Socks (16.09)Built for mile after mile of trail, these socks are so light and seamless that youll ba
11、rely notice youre wearing them.Darn Tough Kelso Micro Crew Light Cushion (20)Keep you cool while going the distance in these wool socks. Theyre cushioned and silky soft.1000 Mile Fusion Walking Sock (15.99, twin pack)Need extra comfort? The Fusion Walking Sock has a blister-free guarantee thanks to
12、clever double-layer technology and padded zones.LIGHTWEIGHT JACKETSSmartwool Merino Smart Ultra Light Hoodie (114.99)This windproof layer packs away into its pocket.Berghaus Womens Skerray Smock (70)Stay warm if the wind gets up in this super-light, water-repellent smock jacket with a fitting hood.
13、It packs away into the small pocket.Finisterre Mistral Waterproof Jacket (185)Light yet fully waterproof, this cool high-quality jacket has zipped pockets and an adjustable foldaway hood.SUMMER SHORTSJack Wolfskin Overland Zip Away (115)Always chilly when you set out but boiling by the time youre cl
14、imbing that hill? With these clever pants, you get a pair of soft-shell trousers and a pair of shorts in one.1. What can we know from the passage?A. Crew Walking Socks provide the most comfort of all.B. All the equipment can pack away into its small pocket.C. Both the Light Hoodie and Skerray Smock
15、can keep out the wind.D. Crew Walking Socks are the cheapest and of highest quality.2. If you want to go hiking in a hot summer day, _ will be the best choice.A. Crew Walking Socks & Waterproof Jacket.B. Light Hoodie & Fusion Walking Socks.C. Overland Zip Away & Crew Light Cushion.D. Fusion Walking
16、Socks & Skerray Smock.3. In which column can you find the passage?A. New Technology.B. Life Style.C. Sports.D. Advertisement.【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D【解析】【分析】这一篇应用文。短文介绍了一些远足装备。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Smartwool Merino Smart Ultra Light Hoodie (114.99) 中的“This windproof layer packs away into its pocket.” 这个防风层包在口袋里。根
17、据Berghaus Womens Skerray Smock (70) 中的“Stay warm if the wind gets up in this super-light, water-repellent smock jacket with a fitting hood.”如果风吹起来，穿上这件超轻防水工作服夹克，戴上合身的帽子，就能保持温暖。由此可知，Light Hoodie and Skerray Smock都能防风。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Jack Wolfskin Overland Zip Away (115)中的“Always chilly when you se
18、t out but boiling by the time youre climbing that hill? With these clever pants, you get a pair of soft-shell trousers and a pair of shorts in one.” 你出发的时候总是很冷，爬山的时候却很热？有了这条绝妙的裤子，你就可以把软壳裤子和短裤合二为一了。根据Darn Tough Kelso Micro Crew Light Cushion (20)“Keep you cool while going the distance in these wool s
19、ocks. Theyre cushioned and silky soft. ” 穿着这些羊毛袜子保持凉爽，它们有垫子，柔软如丝。由此可知，如果你想在炎热的夏天去徒步旅行，Overland Zip Away & Crew Light Cushion是最佳选择。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Choosing the right hiking equipment will make your walk safer and more comfortable. Getting it right is easy with our pick of the best. Dont hesita
20、te to grab them.” 可知，选择合适的远足装备会让你的步行更安全和舒适。只要我们从中挑选出最好的，就很容易做到最好。不要犹豫，来买吧。再根据每个装备之后的价格标签。由此判断出，短文是一则广告。所以短文出现在广告栏。故选D项。BA struggling Waffle House employee who was trying to serve nearly 30 people by himself after midnight got a full serving of kindness when some customers jumped behind the counter t
21、o help him.Ethan Crispo, 24, witnessed the inspiring scene in the early hours of Nov. 3 at a Waffle House in Birmingham, Alabama.Crispo told TODAYs Kerry Sanders that he had come to the 24-hour restaurant from a friends birthday party and saw the struggling employee, identified only as Ben, trying t
22、o cook the food, serve it, bus tables and wash dishes while more than 25 people were waiting to eat.“The look on his face was just confusion,” Crispo told Sanders.An unidentified male customer then decided to help him out, grabbing an apron and going behind the counter to wash dishes.Another custome
23、r, Alison Stanley, went behind the counter to make some coffeestill dressed from a night out on the town.“I dont think its anything special,” Stanley told Sanders. “He needed help, so I got up and helped out.”Crispo took some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to bus tables and wash di
24、shes while Ben focused on taking orders and preparing the food.Waffle House told TODAY that Ben was left to support himself due to a scheduling issue.“We had two associates scheduled to leave, however, due to a communication mix-up, their relief did not show up on time,” Waffle House director of PR
25、Pat Warner said in a statement. “That left Ben, our cook, alone in the restaurant with hungry customers. He worked the grill (烤架) and got the orders out.”The company was also thankful for the customers who joined in and helped Ben out.“We are grateful that many of our customers feel like they are pa
26、rt of our Waffle House family,” Warner said. “There is a sense of community in each and every one of our restaurants, and we appreciate the fact that they consider our associates like family.”“We are also very thankful for Ben, who kept the restaurant open. He is a representative of our Waffle House
27、 culture by always putting the customers first.”Crispo had his usual order double plain waffle, as he took in the scene of strangers helping out Ben on his shift.“Humanity truly isnt good, its great!” he said.4. Ben was left to work alone during his midnight shift because _.A. his associates asked f
28、or a leaveB. there was a scheduling mistakeC. few customers needed to be servedD. the restaurant was scheduled to close5. Some customers helped Ben out by _.A. washing dishesB. taking photosC. taking ordersD. cooking food6. Why did the customers lend a helping hand according to Pat Warner?A. They sh
29、ared the same community spirit.B. They were family members of Ben.C. They wanted to serve themselves.D. They were too hungry to wait.7. How did Crispo feel as a witness of the scene?A. Lucky and excited.B. Moved and inspired.C. Relieved and hopeful.D. Content and unbelievable.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B
30、【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一家华夫饼屋由于人员安排失误，导致只剩一名员工招待顾客，鉴于此，顾客们纷纷主动帮助员工。【4题详解】推理判断题。由第十段“We had two associates scheduled to leave, however, due to a communication mix-up, their relief did not show up on time,” Waffle House director of PR Pat Warner said in a statement. “That left Ben, our cook, alone in
31、the restaurant with hungry customers. He worked the grill (烤架) and got the orders out.”可知，华夫饼屋公关总监帕特沃纳在一份声明中称:“我们有两名员工计划离开，但由于沟通失误，他们换班着没有及时出现。这就剩下我们的厨师本和饥饿的顾客们在餐厅里。他既要负责烤架还要负责订单了。”由此判断出，因为换班人员的安排出了问题，导致Ben一个人在工作，故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第五段“An unidentified male customer then decided to help him out, grabb
32、ing an apron and going behind the counter to wash dishes.”和第八段“Crispo took some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to bus tables and wash dishes while Ben focused on taking orders and preparing the food.”可知，“一位身份不明的男性顾客决定帮他一把，抓起围裙，跑到柜台后面洗盘子。”“克里斯波拍下了现场的一些照片，当时许多顾客都在清理桌子和洗碗，而本则在专心点单和准备食
33、物”。由此可见，一些顾客帮忙洗盘子，收拾桌子。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由第十二段“We are grateful that many of our customers feel like they are part of our Waffle House family,” Warner said. “There is a sense of community in each and every one of our restaurants, and we appreciate the fact that they consider our associates like family
34、.”可知，“很多顾客觉得自己是我们华夫饼屋的一份子，对此我们很感激，”华纳说。“我们的每一家餐厅都有一种社区意识，我们很感激他们把我们的员工当成家人。”由此可见，店里的顾客将自己视为华夫饼屋的成员，大家都有一种社区意识，彼此互相帮忙。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“Ethan Crispo, 24, witnessed the inspiring scene in the early hours of Nov. 3 at a Waffle House in Birmingham, Alabama.”11月3日凌晨，24岁的克里斯波在阿拉巴马州伯明翰的一家华夫饼屋目睹了这令人振奋的一
35、幕。最后一段“Humanity truly isnt good, its great!”可知，克里斯波认为：人性不是好，是伟大！由此判断出他目睹了这一切，被感动，被激励，发出了对人性的感叹。故选B项。【点睛】细节理解题顾名思义要抓住细节，将原文的细节信息跟题目和题干进行比对，选出正确选项。例如第2题，题目问：一些顾客怎样帮助本？由第五段“An unidentified male customer then decided to help him out, grabbing an apron and going behind the counter to wash dishes.”和第八段“Cr
36、ispo took some photos of the scene as multiple customers worked to bus tables and wash dishes while Ben focused on taking orders and preparing the food.”可知，“一位身份不明的男性顾客决定帮他一把，抓起围裙，跑到柜台后面洗盘子。”“克里斯波拍下了现场的一些照片，当时许多顾客都在清理桌子和洗碗，而本则在专心点单和准备食物”。由此可见，一些顾客帮忙洗盘子，收拾桌子。故选A项。CHave you ever pressed the pedestrian
37、 button at a crosswalk and wondered if it really worked? Theyre called placebo buttons that mechanically sound and can be pushed, but provide no functionality.In New York City, only about 100 of the 1,000 crosswalk buttons actually function. Crosswalk signals were generally installed before traffic
38、jam had reached todays levels.But while their function was taken over by more advanced systems such as automated lights or traffic sensors the physical buttons were often kept, rather than being replaced at further expense. Other cities, such as Boston, Dallas and Seattle, have gone through a simila
39、r process, leaving them with their own placebo pedestrian buttons. In London, which has 6, 000 traffic signals, pressing the pedestrian button results in a reliable Wait light. But that doesnt necessarily mean that the green man or pedestrian stage in traffic signal design profession will appear any
40、 sooner.We do have some crossings where the green light comes on automatically, but we still ask people to press the button because that enables accessible features, said Glynn Barton, director of network management at Transport for London.These features, such as blind tracks and hearable traffic si
41、gnals, help people with visual disorder cross the road and only function when the button is pressed. As for the lights, a growing number of them are now combined and become a part of an electronic system that detects traffic and adjusts time frequency accordingly (giving priority to buses if theyre
42、running late, for example), which means that pressing the button has no effect.According to Langer, a Harvard psychologist, placebo buttons give us the illusion of control and something to do in situations where the alternative would be doing nothing. In the case of pedestrian crossings, they may ev
43、en make us safer by forcing us to pay attention to our surroundings, They serve a psychological purpose at the very least, she added.8. What is a placebo button?A. A button that flashes at a crosswalk.B. A button that warns the pedestrians.C. A button that nearly has no practical effect now.D. A but
44、ton that is not common before the electronic system.9. Why are the physical buttons still kept in some cities?A. Because it may cost money to replace them.B. Because they remain as memories of a city.C. Because they do have real functions in traffic.D. Because they can result in reliable lights.10.
45、Which of the following word can replace the underline word features in Paragraph 4?A. Functions.B. Facilities.C. Characteristics.D. Uses.11. What can we know about placebo buttons from Langers words?A. They can really control traffic.B. They serve little functions.C. They may work mentally.D. They c
46、an help the blind.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。人行道上的行人按钮，你怀疑过它们的效果吗？本文说明了这些被称为“安慰剂按钮”存在的原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theyre called placebo buttons that mechanically sound and can be pushed, but provide no functionality.(它们被称为“安慰剂按钮”，能够发出声音，但却没有任何功能)”可知，安慰剂按钮是指现在几乎没有任何实际效果的按钮。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第
47、三段中的“But while their function was taken over by more advanced systems such as automated lights or traffic sensors the physical buttons were often kept, rather than being replaced at further expense.(但是，虽然它们的功能被更先进的系统（如自动信号灯或交通传感器）所取代，但实体按钮通常被保留，而不是以更高的代价进行更换)”可知，这些按钮没有替换掉是因为换掉它们花费的成本更多。故选A。【10题详解】词句
48、猜测题。根据第五段中的“These features, such as blind tracks and hearable traffic signals, help people with visual disorder cross the road and only function when the button is pressed.(这些features，比如盲道和可听到的交通信号，可以帮助视觉障碍患者过马路，只有按下按钮才能起作用)”可推知，第四段中划线词features指的是像盲道和可听到的交通信号这样的设施。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“According
49、to Langer, a Harvard psychologist, placebo buttons give us the illusion of control and something to do in situations where the alternative would be doing nothing.(根据哈佛大学心理学家兰格的说法，安慰剂按钮让我们产生了控制的错觉在其他人无所事事的情况下，我们还能做些什么)及“They serve a psychological purpose at the very least, she added.(“至少它们有心理上的作用，”她补
50、充说)”可知，我们从兰格的话中知道“安慰剂按钮”可能在心理上起作用。故选C。DIts common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vincis most famous painting seems to look back at viewers, following them with her eyes no matter where they are in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.A new study finds that the woman in the pa
51、inting is actually looking out at an angle of 15.4 off to the viewers right well outside the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, “Shes not looking at you.”This is ironic (讽刺), because the entire phenom
52、enon of a persons gaze (凝视) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the “Mona Lisa effect”, which is absolutely real. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As lo
53、ng as the angle of the persons gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” a
54、nd realized she wasnt looking at him.To make sure it wasnt just him, the researchers gathered 24 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected (相交) Mona Lisas
55、gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisas gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly
56、off to their right.So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isnt sure. Its possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first coined the term “Mona Lisa effect
57、” just thought it was a cool name.12. It is generally believed that the woman in the painting “Mona Lisa” _.A. attracts the viewers to look backB. seems mysterious because of her eyesC. fixes her eyes on the back of the viewersD. looks at observers wherever they stand13. What did the new study find?
58、A. The Mona Lisa effect does not really exist.B. The mystery of the womans smile in the painting.C. The angle of the gaze in Mona Lisa effect.D. Mona Lisa effect does not occur with Mona Lisa.14. The experiment involving 24 people was conducted to _.A. confirm Horstmanns beliefB. create artificial-i
59、ntelligence avatarsC. calculate the angle of Mona Lisas gazeD. show how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied15. What can we learn from the passage?A. Horstmann thinks it cool to coin the term “Mona Lisa effect”.B. The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.C. Feeling
60、being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.D. The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers judgement.【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们通常认为蒙娜丽莎画像中的女性无论站在房间的哪个角落，似乎娜丽莎总像是在注视着画外人。但事实证明，这种常识是错误的。为什么人们总是认为她的眼睛会跟着观众走呢？Horstmann并不确定。有可能是
61、人们有被注视的欲望。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Its common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vincis most famous painting seems to look back at viewers, following them with her eyes no matter where they are in the room.(众所周知，列奥纳多达芬奇最著名的画作中的女人，无论站在房间的哪个角落，似乎娜丽莎总像是在注视着画外人，用她的眼睛跟随他们)”可知，人们普遍认为，无论站在哪里，画作蒙娜丽莎中的女人都会看
62、着画外人。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“As long as the angle of the persons gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs. (只要这个人凝视的视角在任何两边不超过5度，那么蒙娜丽莎的效应就会发生)”可推断，新研究发现“蒙达丽莎效应”不只是发生在蒙娜丽莎身上。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“To make sure it wasnt just him, the researchers gathered 2
63、4 people to view images of the “Mona Lisa” on a computer screen. (为了确保不仅仅是他，研究人员聚集了24个人在电脑屏幕上观看“蒙娜丽莎”的图像)”可知，为了证实霍斯曼的看法，对24个人进行了调查。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Its possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. (他说，很可能是人们有被注视的渴望，所以他们
64、认为这个女人在看着他们)”可知，大多数人觉得蒙娜丽莎看着自己，其实都是自己的错觉。故选C。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We certainly look different. The most obvious differences between boys and girls are our bodies, inside and out. For example, can men have babies? Can women grow beards? _16_In the 1800s, scie
65、ntists developed a theory called craniology (头骨学), which said that intelligence could be measured by skull size. Men have bigger skulls than women. Somenmust be smarter, people thought. _17_ No one encouraged them to go on in school. Somedoctors even said women who went to college would no longer be
66、 able to have children! Ofcourse, now we know these beliefs arent true.In the 1950s, psychologists gave girls and boys science tests to see if they could tell who was smarter. On average, the girls did worse than the boys. _18_ But is this really true?Instead of measuring natural ability, maybe the
67、tests revealed something about the conditionsunder which children were being taught. Parents and teachers didnt expect girls to do well inmath or science，and so they didnt encourage them. In class, teachers focused their attentionon boys. _19_As scientists continue to investigate, they have discover
68、ed that boys do seem to be better than girls at something called spatial rotation (空间转动）. Girls，on the other hand, do better on some tests of vocabulary and language. Why? _20_ They often give girls dolls to play with, while they more frequently give boys blocks. Playing with blocks helps children d
69、evelopspatial skills. So without meaning to, adults might be helping boys develop better spatialskills. And maybe they talk to girls more, which helps girls with those vocabulary words.A. But how different are we really?B. Therefore, women were treated differently.C. This influenced how well boys le
70、arned and how poorly girls did.D. If our bodies differ, what does that say about our intelligence and skills?E. Naturally，researchers concluded that boys are smarter than girls in science.F. Studies have shown that parents treat boys and girls differently as soon as theyre born.G. According to psych
71、ologists, girls were less intelligent than boys in many aspects.【答案】16. D 17. B 18. E 19. C 20. F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍因女孩受到的不同对待和期望，导致女孩在科学和数学方面的表现不如男生。【16题详解】上文The most obvious differences between boys and girls are our bodies, inside and out. For example, can men have babies? Can women grow beard
72、s?(男孩和女孩最大的不同是我们的身体，从内到外。例如，男人能生孩子吗？女人会长胡子吗？)与D. If our bodies differ, what does that say about our intelligence and skills?(如果我们的身体不同，这对我们的智力和技能有什么影响？)承接自然，选项承认有这些不同，并提出这些不同会带来什么影响，bodies是关键词，故选D项。【17题详解】上文Men have bigger skulls than women. So men must be smarter, people thought.(男人比女人的颅骨更大。因此人们认为他
73、们更聪明。)与B. Therefore, women were treated differently.(因此，女性受到了不同的对待。)承接自然，上文是女性受到不同对待的原因，上下文构成明显的因果关系，故选B项。【18题详解】上文In the 1950s, psychologists gave girls and boys science tests to see if they could tell who was smarter. On average, the girls did worse than the boys. (在20世纪50年代，心理学家对女孩和男孩进行了科学测试，看它们是
74、否能区分谁更聪明。平均而言，女孩的表现比男孩差。)与E. Naturally，researchers concluded that boys are smarter than girls in science.(自然，研究人员得出结论，在科学上男孩比女孩聪明。)承接自然，因为有了测试，所以得出了结论，故选E项。【19题详解】上文Parents and teachers didnt expect girls to do well in math or science，and so they didnt encourage them. In class, teachers focused thei
75、r attention on boys. (家长和老师并不期望女孩在科学或数学中做得好，因此他们不会鼓励她们。在课堂上，老师把注意力集中在男生身上。)与C. This influenced how well boys learned and how poorly girls did.(这导致男孩学得好，女孩学得差。)承接自然，上文是男孩学的好和女孩学得不好的原因，那就是父母和老师不重视女孩在科学和数学方面的表现，故选C项。【20题详解】下文They often give girls dolls to play with, while they more frequently give boys
76、 blocks. (他们通常给女孩玩具娃娃，然而常常给男孩积木。)与F. Studies have shown that parents treat boys and girls differently as soon as theyre born.(研究表明，男孩和女孩一出生，父母对待他们就不一样。)承接自然，下文是父母对男女孩区别对待的具体表现，故选F项。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)It has been difficult to sit on the bench most of the time, watching m
77、y team from the sideline. I always _21_ why I am not good enough to be on the floor. After endless hours of work and devotion, _22_ myself through drill after drill, the last thing I want is to be a cheerleader. The feeling of being _23_ is sometimes too much and drives me to _24_ on the spot. I oft
78、en feel as though my _25_ are wasted and my time is eaten away, devoted to _26_ . It is heartbreaking to be a spectator(观看者) for the game I love, knowing that no one has enough faith to give me the chance to _27_ on the floor. Tears well up (涌出), but I _28_ them back. I shouldnt be so _29_ over some
79、thing so silly.Away from the game, its easier to put my thoughts together, rather than letting my_30_ drive my reasoning. I consider _31_ I am where I am. I have played basketball my whole life. I have a strong _32_ for the sport and always have. There is nothing like the _33_ of playing: the swish
80、(嗖嗖声) of the net, the sweat rolling off my cheeks, even the bruise (青肿) are battle wounds worn _34_ after every game.Even if I dont play much, I participate in every game. I am part of a team of girls who _35_together like a family. I am there for them, _36_ they are for me.Should I move on? Or shou
81、ld I stay with my team and continue playing basketball _37_great passion just a little longer? The _38_ isnt difficult when I consider the joy that being a part of a team _39_ me - not just any team, but my team. I love basketball and my teammates. When I think about that, my _40_ from the bench rea
82、lly isnt so bad after all21. A. wonderB. promiseC. acceptD. realize22. A. followingB. supportingC. discoveringD. pushing23. A. carelessB. worthlessC. selflessD. homeless24. A. quitB. stayC. struggleD. delay25. A. beliefsB. chancesC. effortsD. experiences26. A. somethingB. nothingC. anythingD. everyt
83、hing27. A. performB. respondC. identifyD. survive28. A. callB. giveC. takeD. hold29. A. upsetB. nervousC. scaredD. amazed30. A. hardshipsB. possessionsC. feelingsD. achievements31. A. thatB. whyC. whenD. whether :32. A. imaginationB. admissionC. cautionD. passion33. A. encouragementB. embarrassmentC
84、. excitementD. disappointment34. A. bravelyB. proudlyC. regretfullyD. painfully35. A. fixB. addC. argueD. stick36. A. asB. ifC. forD. though37. A. throughB. overC. withD. from38. A. conflictB. patienceC. challengeD. decision39. A. cheatsB. bringsC. urgesD. controls40. A. requestB. intentionC. viewD.
85、 ambition【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名篮球运动员一直坐在替补席上的心路历程，最终她想到了团队精神，觉得坐在板凳上的感觉其实并不是那么糟糕。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是在想，为什么我还不够好，不能上场。A. wonder想知道；B. promise承诺；C. accept接受；D. realize意识到。
86、分析文中后文句意可知，作者虽然刻苦训练却很少有上场的机会，所以作者想知道她哪里还不够好，不能上场。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在无数个小时的工作和付出之后，推动自己通过一个又一个的训练，我最不想做的事情就是成为一个拉拉队长。A. following跟随；B. supporting支持；C. discovering发现；D. pushing推。分析文中句意可知，作者经过长时间地努力付出，推动自己通过一个又一个的训练。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种毫无价值的感觉有时太强烈了，迫使我当场放弃。A. careless粗心的；B. worthless一文不值的
87、；C. selfless无私的；D. homeless无家可归的。分析文中句意可知，作者经过长时间地努力付出，推动自己通过一个又一个的训练，却不能上场只能作为一个啦啦队长，所以作者感到自己的付出是毫无价值的。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种毫无价值的感觉有时太强烈了，迫使我当场放弃。A. quit放弃；B. stay呆；C. struggle斗争；D. delay延迟。分析文中句意可知，作者刻苦训练却没有得到上场的机会，所以她感到自己的付出是毫无价值的，因此想到了放弃。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常常觉得我的努力被浪费了，我的时间被吞噬了，毫无意义。A
88、. beliefs信仰；B. chances机会；C. efforts努力；D. experiences经历。分析上文句意可知，作者刻苦训练却没有得到上场的机会，所以她感到自己的努力是白费了。故选C项。【26题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：我常常觉得我的努力被浪费了，我的时间被吞噬了，毫无意义。A. something一些；B. nothing什么也没有；C. anything任何东西；D. everything一切。分析句意可知，作者觉得她的努力被浪费了，她的时间被吞噬了，没有对任何东西做出贡献。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道没有人有足够的信念给我上场表现的机会,成
89、为一名我热爱的一项运动的观看者是令人心碎的。A. perform执行，表现；B. respond回应；C. identify识别；D. survive生存。分析句意可知，没有人相信她给她上场表现的机会。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：眼泪涌出，但是我将它们忍回来。A. call打电话；B. give给；C. take带；D. hold持有。分析句意可知，前半句讲眼泪涌出，但后面出现转折连词but，所以作者把眼泪忍回去了。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不该为这么愚蠢的事这么难过。A. upset难过的，心烦意乱的；B. nervous紧张的；C. scare
90、d害怕的；D. amazed惊讶的。分析上文句意可知，作者的努力付出没有得到认可，她曾感到心碎，但她回过神来，她感到不该为这么愚蠢的事这么难过。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：离开比赛后，我更容易理清自己的想法，而不是让我的情感驱动我的推理。A. hardships艰难，困苦；B. possessions财产；C. feelings感情；D. achievements成就。分析上文句意可知，作者刻苦训练却没有得到上场的机会，她感情上过不去这道坎，所以比赛后，她更容易理清自己的想法，而不是让她的情感驱动她的推理。故选C项。【31题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我考虑我为什么在这
91、里。A. that(引导宾语从句没有实际意义)；B. why为什么；C. when当；D. whether是否。分析句子结构及句意可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少原因状语，应用why引导。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对这项运动有着强烈的热情，并且一直如此。A. imagination想象力；B. admission入学；C. caution谨慎；D. passion激情。根据后文“Or should I stay with my team and continue playing basketball 17 great passion just a little long
92、er?(或者我应该留在我的球队，继续充满激情地打篮球？)”可知，作者对篮球有着强烈的激情。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比打篮球更兴奋了：投篮的嗖嗖声，汗水从我的脸颊滚下，即使是打篮球留下青肿创伤后骄傲地穿过每一场比赛。A. encouragement鼓励；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. excitement兴奋；D. disappointment失望。根据后文“the swish (嗖嗖声) of the net, the sweat rolling off my cheeks, even the bruise (青肿) are battle wound
93、s worn 14 after every game.(投篮的嗖嗖声，汗水从我的脸颊滚下，即使是打篮球留下青肿创伤后骄傲地穿过每一场比赛)”可知，这里指的是没有什么比打篮球更兴奋了。故选C项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比打篮球更兴奋了：投篮的嗖嗖声，汗水从我的脸颊滚下，即使是打篮球留下青肿创伤后骄傲地穿过每一场比赛。A. bravely勇敢地；B. proudly骄傲地；C. regretfully遗憾地；D. painfully痛苦地。分析上下文句意可知，作者即使是打篮球留下青肿创伤后任然骄傲地穿过每一场比赛。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意我是一个像家人一
94、样团结在一起的女孩团队的一员。A. fix修复；B. add添加；C. argue说；D. stick粘贴。分析后面短语“like a family(像家人一样)”可知，所以空处应填在一起，stick together意为“在一起；团结一致；相互支持”。故选D项。【36题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我陪着他们，就像他们陪着我一样。A. as就像；B. if如果；C. for为；D. though虽然。分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应用as引导方式状语从句。故选A项。【37题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：或者我应该留在我的球队，继续充满激情地打篮球？ A. through通过；B. over在
95、上面；C. with用；D. from来自。分析句意，表达充满激情地应用介词with。故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我想到作为团队的一员带给我的快乐时，做出这个决定并不困难不仅仅是任何团队，而是我的团队。A. conflict冲突；B. patience耐心；C. challenge挑战；D. decision决定。分析句意可知，空处表示做出留下来地决定。故选D项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我想到作为团队的一员带给我的快乐时，做出这个决定并不困难不仅仅是任何团队，而是我的团队。A. cheats欺骗；B. brings带来；C. urges敦促；D. cont
96、rols控制。分析句意可知，空处表示作为团队的一员带给我的快乐。故选B项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我想到这一点时，我坐在板凳上的感觉其实并不是那么糟糕。A. request请求；B. intention意图；C. view意见，想法，观点，感觉；D. ambition野心。根据“When I think about that”可知，经过自己的一番清理，作者的观点发生了变化。故选C项。第二节:语篇填空(每小 题1.5分洪15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The United States has a wide _41_(various
97、) of institutions that provide higher education. There are so many options that it can be difficult for international students _42_ (understand) the different choices. One of the more common questions _43_ (ask) byinternational students is: What is the difference between a public and a private unive
98、rsity?A public university _44_ (fund) by the public through the government of that state, while a private university is not. The most obvious difference is the price. Public universitiesare _45_(expensive) than private universities. Private universities can cost well over $100,000 for a four-year de
99、gree. But compared to public universities, private universities tend to be more geographically “diverse”, _46_ (draw) students from many different statesas well as other countries because the tuition is _47_ same price for students regardless ofwhether or not they live in the state _48_ the universi
100、ty is located.There are many _49_(high) reputable private and public universities throughout America. According to US News Best Colleges rankings, the first 19 institutions ape private universities. That does not mean that there arent reputable public universities inthe USA. Thus, dont focus only _5
101、0_ the rankings.【答案】41. variety 42. to understand 43. asked 44. is funded 45. less expensive 46. drawing 47. the 48. where 49. highly 50. on【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国私立大学和公立大学的不同之处，以帮助国际留学生做出适合自己的选择。【41题详解】考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为has的宾语，由a判断用该名词的单数形式，a wide variety of“各种各样的”，故填variety。【42题详解】考查不定式。分析句子可知
102、，此处是固定句型It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事是”，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，故填to understand。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语questions和ask之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填asked。【44题详解】考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，设空处是主句谓语，结合语境和下文的is判断为一般现在时，主语university和fund之间是被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be应用is，故填is funded。【45题详解】考查形容词比较级
103、。句意：公立大学没有私立大学那么贵。设空处应填形容词作表语，结合下文的than可知应用该形容词的比较级，根据句意可知，此处意为“不如贵”，且expensive是多音节词，它的比较级是在前面加less，故填less expensive。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语是前面的整个句子，它和draw之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填drawing。【47题详解】考查冠词。形容词same通常和定冠词the搭配，the same price“相同的价格”，故填the。【48题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词state
104、在从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where，故填where。【49题详解】考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应用high的副词highly修饰形容词reputable，故填highly。【50题详解】考查短语。此处是固定短语focus on“关注，聚焦在”，故填on。第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉
105、。修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。The school Dance Club aims to enrich students school life and involving students in diverse dancing activity. If youre good at or interesting in dancing, the dance club is exactly that you are looking for. Here are the requirem
106、ents that you need to pay attention to.It is no doubt that enthusiasm for dancing is must. You are more likely to be admitted unless you can organize events or had dancing experiences. Additional, we highly appreciate a strong sense of responsibility and good team spirit.If you want to join in us, p
107、lease turn in your application before October 30. For more information, please contact us at danceclub123 gmail. com.【答案】1.involvinginvolve2.activityactivities3.interestinginterested4.thatwhat5.ItThere6.is后加a7.unlessif8.hadhave9.AdditionalAdditionally10.删除join后的in【解析】【分析】这是一则广告。学校舞蹈俱乐部准备招聘会员，并说明其招聘要
108、求和方式。【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，该句用and连接连个不定式结构，第二个不定式省略to，故将involving改为involve。2. 考查名词的数。activity（活动）是可数名词，根据前文的diverse（各种各样的）判断应用复数形式，故将activity改为activities。3. 考查形容词。此处考查短语be interested in对感兴趣，故将interesting改为interested。4. 考查连接词。分析句子可知is后为表语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指物，故应用连接代词what，故将that改为what。5. 考查固定句型。此处考查固定句型there
109、is no doubt that毫无疑问，故将It改为There。6. 考查冠词。句意：毫无疑问热情对于舞蹈来说是一个必须的东西。此处考查a must一件必须的事/必不可少的东西，且must是辅音音素开头，故在is后加a。7. 考查连词。句意：如果你能够组织活动或者有舞蹈方面的经历，那你更有可能被录取。结合句意可知，此处译为“如果”才符合语境，故将unless改为if。8. 考查时态。根据前文的are判断为一般现在时，or连接的两个谓语动词时态保持一致，故将had改为have。9. 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰后面的句子，故将Additional 改为Additionally。10. 考查介词。
110、此处考查短语join sb加入某人/和某人一起，故删除join后的in。【点睛】第10小题考查加入组织，加入某人和加入活动的区别join sb 和某人一起/加入某人 Can you join us?你能和我们一起吗？join+组织 加入某个组织 I want to join music club.我想加入音乐俱乐部。take part in/ participate in /join in + 活动 参加某项活动 We will take part in / participate in /join in the after-school activity.我们会参加课后活动。本题表达“和某人
111、一起/加入某人”故用join sb，删除join后的in。第二节书面表达(25分)52. 假定你是李华，英语课上老师请你向全班同学介绍一处中国文化遗产。请写一篇发言稿， 内容包括:1 .简要介绍一处中国文化遗产；2 .游览该文化遗产时的注意事项。注意:1.词数100左右:2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。My dear classmates,_【答案】My dear classmates,There are many cultural heritages in China.I am extremely willing to introduce the Imperial Palace, which
112、 enjoys a high reputation in the world. The magnificent and well-preserved arthitectual complex, also known as the Forbidden City, represents the highest architectural level in ancient China.With a history of about 600 years, it lies in the center of Beijing, witnessing dramatic changes of this city
113、.Nowadays, it has become a must-see scenic spot that attracts an enormous number of visitors every year.If we have a chance to visit the Imperial Palace one day, please keep in mind that under no circumstances should we leave any marks on the cultural relics.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于发言稿。要求考生写一篇发言稿，向全班同学介绍一处中
114、国文化遗产。【详解】1.词汇积累名声：reputation fame壮丽的：magnificent grand作为而出名：be known as be famous as 机会：chance opportunity2.句式拓展原句：The magnificent and well-preserved arthitectual complex, also known as the Forbidden City, represents the highest architectural level in ancient China.拓展句：The magnificent and well-pres
115、erved arthitectual complex, which is also known as the Forbidden City, represents the highest architectural level in ancient China.【点睛】高分句型1 I am extremely willing to introduce the Imperial Palace, which enjoys a high reputation in the world. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 If we have a chance to visit the Imperial Palace one day, please keep in mind that under no circumstances should we leave any marks on the cultural relics. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句，that引导的宾语从句和倒装句型)
