1、单元素养培优(五) Unit 5. 单词拼写1. Nowadays(现在) more and more people have come to realize the importance of a balanced diet to their health. 2. The band(乐队) is made up of 12 people, who are all from China. 3. I m sure that I am capable(有能力的) of finishing the task in time. 4. As for this phenomenon(现象), ideas
2、differ among many people. 5. Today s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman s original(原来的) model. 6. There are many spelling mistakes in your composition(作品), but as a whole, it is well worth reading. 7. I visited the studio(录音棚) after 10 years, it was much bigger than before. 8. The con
3、ductor(指挥) is proved to be one of the best ones in the world. 9. They gain good reputation among Chinese for their learned knowledge and great care for ordinary (普通的)people. 10. Despite the previous(先前的)rounds of talks, no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides. . 单句语法填空1. As we all know
4、, he is a clever and energetic(energy) student. 2. You may have the opportunity to make (make)your biggest difference when you re older. 3. They have some equipment(equip) in the garage to be sold. 4. There were many talented(talent)actors out there just waiting to be discovered. 5. Assuming(assume)
5、 that you can have a second chance, what will you do? 6. Many patients in that country are not getting the medical treatment (treat) they need. 7. He is in love with music, which enables him to contact (contact) many famous musicians. 8. I get so absorbed (absorb) in doing something that I m unaware
6、 of things happening round me. 9. They finally cured the old man of his illness, who had suffered a lot from it for years. 10. Originally(original)founded in 1919 by Sylvia Beach, it is a combination of a bookstore and a reading library. . 完成句子1. I felt awkward when I made a speech in public for the
7、 first time. 当我第一次在公共场合发表演讲时, 我感到很尴尬。2. I work hard day and night with the aim of finishing my paper ahead of time. 我夜以继日地工作就是为了提前完成我的论文。3. This is the first time in my life that I have taken part in such a grand celebration. 这是我有生以来第一次参加如此盛大的庆典。4. I would appreciate it if you could give me such an
8、opportunity to show my talent. 如果你给我这样一次机会展示我的才华我将感激不尽。5. It has been proved that smoking can lead to lung cancer. 已经证明吸烟能够导致肺癌。6. To our relief, no one was injured in this terrible storm. 令我们宽慰的是, 没有一个人在这场恶劣的暴风雨中受伤。. 用过去分词作表语或状语完成同义句转换1. He shows an interest in collecting stamps. He is interested i
9、n collecting stamps. (过去分词作表语)2. What she said puzzled him. He felt/was puzzled at what she said. (过去分词作表语)3. Because it was written in a hurry, this article was not so good. Written in a hurry, this article was not so good. (过去分词作状语)4. Even if I m invited, I won t take part in the party. Even if in
10、vited, I won t take part in the party. (过去分词作状语)5. If the water is heated to a high temperature, it will change into vapor. Heated to a high temperature, water will change into vapor. (过去分词作状语)6. Everything had been prepared, and I felt relieved. Everything prepared, I felt relieved. (过去分词作状语)7. Aun
11、t Wu came in and she was supported by her daughter. Aunt Wu came in, supported by her daughter. (过去分词作状语)8. Don t speak until you are asked to. Don t speak until asked to. (过去分词作状语). 阅读理解A(2021青岛高一检测)Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. Similarly, music is part
12、of many people s lives. Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities. Both language and music have a writing system. In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. Similarly, we use notes to keep a record of musi
13、c. Just as you are reading this collection of letters and find meaning in it, musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music which we can hear. So just as you read English, you can read music. By writing pieces of text or music, we are able to share experiences through time. I can read
14、 or hear the ideas of someone who lived hundreds of years ago, which is really quite exciting. Both vary with culture. You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language they use. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the
15、 opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. Both share feelings. You can know that I am angry through my words. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and
16、allow us to share that feeling. When you feel happy, you may want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness, while you probably want to listen to sad music when you are feeling down. I think we have all used music to express our feelings. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。无论我们生活在世界的哪个角落, 语言都是我们日常生活的
17、一部分。同样, 音乐也是许多人生活的一部分。文章主要从语言和音乐的文字系统、因文化而异和可以传达感情三个方面来说明了音乐和语言的相似之处。1. What s the main idea of the text? A. Language is part of people s daily lives. B. Music plays an important role in people s lives. C. Language and music are similar in many ways. D. Music is more important than language for us.
18、【解析】选C。主旨大意题。结合文章主要从语言和音乐的文字系统、因文化而异和可以传达感情三个方面来说明了音乐和语言的相似之处。可知, 文章主要讲了语言和音乐在许多方面存在相似之处。故选C。2. How does the author develop his idea in Para. 2? A. By giving examples. B. By making a comparison. C. By describing details. D. By listing reasons. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段可知, 语言和音乐都有一个文字系统。在英语中, 我们用字母表来记录语言, 字
19、母表是字母的集合。同样, 我们用音符来记录音乐。可推知, 作者在第二段中通过将音乐和语言进行对比, 来阐述自己的观点。故选B。3. What might people do when they re in low spirit according to the text? A. Talking to a composer. B. Singing a happy song. C. Dancing to delightful music. D. Listening to unhappy music. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知, 当你感到快乐的时候, 你可能想要跟着欢快的
20、歌曲唱歌跳舞来庆祝你的快乐, 而当你感到沮丧时, 你可能想要听悲伤的音乐。可知, 人们在情绪低落的时候, 可能会听悲伤的音乐。故选D。B(2021日照高一检测)Enjoy reading and appreciate life meaning. You must have always known reading is of importance and just think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the web
21、site BookCrossing. com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group. Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book wi
22、ll have all adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both. ”Members leave books on park benches and buses,
23、in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it. People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been
24、found. Bruce Peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home. BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual (虚 拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred
25、and thirty-five countries. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个叫做BookCrossing的网站的功能和设置该网站的目的。4. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph? A. To encourage readers to share their ideas. B. To stress the importance of reading. C. To attract more book groups. D. To introduce the website. 【解析】选D
26、。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 你肯定知道阅读是很重要的, 考虑成为读书小组的成员。他们选择书籍阅读, 然后会面讨论。现在网站BookCrossing. com为读书小组的想法翻开了新的篇章。由此可推断, 作者在第一段提到读书小组是为了介绍图书漂流这个网站。故选D。5. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. An adventure. B. The book. C. A public place. D. The identification number. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据it所在句可知, 然
27、后这个人把书放在公共场所, 希望这本书可以有一个奇旅, 随着每一个发现它的新的阅读者走得更远更宽。由此可知, 那些留下书的人希望自己的书能够随着找到它的人走得更远。其中的it指代前半句提到的同一事物“the book”。故选B。6. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it? A. Pass it on to another reader. B. Mail it back to its owner. C. Keep it safe in his bookcase. D. Meet other readers to discu
28、ss it. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段可知, 成员可以把书留在公园长凳上, 公交车上, 火车站和咖啡厅。发现书的人就去网站登记他们在哪里找到它的。由此可知, 他们把书放在那些地方的目的, 就是让其他人能够找到并且阅读。因此推断, 拿到书的人最可能继续把书传递给另一个读者。故选A。7. What is the best title for the text? A. Online Reading A Virtual TourB. Electronic Books A New TrendC. BookCrossing A New BridgeD. A Website An Old Tra
29、dition【解析】选C。标题归纳题。由文章的第三段可知, Bruce Pederson, BookCrossing的总经理说: “改变你生活的两件事是你遇到的人和你读过的书。BookCrossing把两者结合起来。”由此可知, 网站BookCrossing. com通过书把人们联系了起来, 因此推断C项为最佳标题。故选C。【阅读多维训练】Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it. 句式分析: 本句是一个复合句。句中Whoever引导主语从句, where 引导宾语从句。译文: 无论谁
30、发现了他们的书, 将会去网站记录下他们发现这本书的地点。句式仿写: Whoever stands out in the game will be rewarded with a certain amount of money. 任何在游戏中表现突出的人都可以被奖励给一定数目的钱。. 阅读填句(2021南京高一检测)Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. 1 A
31、t that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool. After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. 2 They held large concerts and performed a
32、t clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends (传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year. 3 They were not sure how the Americans would react to the ne
33、w type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. 4 The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion (入侵) by local
34、 and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. 5A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964. B. Even t
35、heir hairstyles became major trends at that time. C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s. D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come. E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles. F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day s Night (1964
36、) and Help! (1965). G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television s 53rd street studio. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主题语境内容是音乐发展。文章的主要内容是甲壳虫乐队的发展、在美国的巡演以及对美国音乐的影响。文章侧重于培养学生的文化意识。 1. 【解析】选C。本段介绍了摇滚音乐并引出了甲壳虫乐队, C项(摇滚音乐是在20世纪50年代和20世纪60年代早期发展起来的。)符合本段的主旨。2. 【解析】选B。本段的主要内容是甲壳虫乐队在英国的流行程度, B项(甚至他们的
37、发型在当时都成为主要的趋势。)符合本段的主旨。3. 【解析】选A。本段的主要内容是甲壳虫乐队去美国巡演的情况。A项(1964年, 他们决定去美国巡演。)符合本段的主旨, 同时引出了下面美国巡演的内容。4. 【解析】选G。G项(他们在哥伦比亚广播公司电视台的第53街演播室举行了在美国的首场音乐会。)中的concert照应了第三段的主题, 符合本段的内容。5. 【解析】选E。本空前面的内容介绍了甲壳虫乐队对美国音乐的深远影响。而E项(很多摇滚乐队能够跟着甲壳虫乐队的步伐。)也是对甲壳虫乐队影响的描述, 符合本段的内容。. 完形填空(2021济宁高一检测)In South Sudan, girls
38、face many barriers (障碍) to education. Some girls cannot 1 to attend school because their parents cannot meet the costs, and there is also 2 housework for girls, which takes up their time. Therefore, their parents don t 3 their daughters to go to school. Another problem is that girls can be married o
39、ff early, often 4 force. As girls in South Sudan, we don t have the 5 to choose the person we wish to marry. Our parents 6 us to the one who pays the highest price in cows. Now more people are going hungry and marrying off girls to get cows to 7. This happened to me. My parents married me off when I
40、 was studying, and I had to 8school. Luckily, my brother helped me come to ASEW, which 9 to help girls finish school. The fact that the headteacher was a woman 10 me. ASEW was a school without punishment and schoolfees (学费). It was a day school, not boarding school (寄宿学校), that gave me 11 to help at
41、 home. The curriculum(课程) was 12 so we could complete our education more quickly. Protected from outsiders, the school was also 13. It is extremely dangerous for women and girls 14 there is fighting all around ASEW. At ASEW, I studied hard and passed with a high score of 77 per cent. I wish other gi
42、rls could have 15 like me to go back to school. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位苏丹女孩在哥哥的帮助下获得读书机会的故事。1. A. agreeB. refuseC. affordD. promise【解析】选C。句意: 一些女孩因为父母负担不起学费而无法上学, 而且家务负担沉重, 占用了她们的时间。根据“because their parents cannot meet the costs”(因为她们的父母无法支付费用)可知, 女孩无法上学是因为父母负担不起学费。故选C。2. A. easyB. heavyC. formalD.
43、 dangerous【解析】选B。根据“housework”和“takes up their time”可知, 繁重的家务占据了她们的时间。故选B。3. A. inviteB. requestC. trainD. allow【解析】选D。句意: 因此, 他们的父母不允许他们的女儿上学。根据上文描述“girls face many barriers to education. ”(女孩在接受教育方面面临着许多障碍)可知, 父母不允许女孩上学。故选D。4. A. inB. forC. throughD. by【解析】选D。句意: 另一个问题是女孩可能会早早出嫁, 通常是被迫出嫁。by force为
44、固定短语, 意为“强迫地”。女孩被迫早早嫁人。故选D。5. A. rightB. abilityC. strengthD. energy【解析】选A。句意: 我们没有权利选择我们想要结婚的人。right权利; ability能力; strength力量; energy精力。根据上文“often by force”可知, 女孩子们没有选择结婚对象的权利。故选A。6. A. packB. giveC. receiveD. introduce【解析】选B。句意: 我们的父母把我们交给了为奶牛出最高价的人。根据“who pays the highest price in cows”可知, 父母会把女孩
45、们交给为奶牛出最高价的人。故选B。7. A. studyB. leaveC. liveD. hide【解析】选C。句意: 现在, 更多的人在挨饿, 为了得到奶牛而活下去, 就要把女孩嫁出去。根据上文“who pays the highest price in cows”(为奶牛支付最高的价格的那个人)可知, 嫁女儿是为了得到奶牛而活下去。故选C。8. A. quitB. attendC. startD. compete【解析】选A。句意: 我上学的时候父母就把我嫁出去了, 我不得不辍学。根据“My parents married me off when I was studying”(我上学的
46、时候父母就把我嫁出去了)可知, 作者因为嫁人不得不辍学。故选A。9. A. asksB. prefersC. wantsD. remembers【解析】选C。句意: 幸运的是, 我的哥哥帮助我来到了ASEW, 这是一个想帮助女孩完成学业的地方。根据“to help girls finish school”(帮助女孩完成学业)可知, ASEW要帮助女孩子们完成学业。故选C。10. A. worriedB. annoyedC. savedD. encouraged【解析】选D。句意: 我看到校长是位女性, 这鼓励了我。根据“the headteacher was a woman”(校长是一位女性)
47、可知, 校长是女性这件事鼓励了作者。故选D。11. A. timeB. moneyC. powerD. courage【解析】选A。句意: 那是一所日间学校, 而不是寄宿学校, 这让我有时间做家务。因为不是寄宿学校, 所以作者有时间做家务。故选A。12. A. cleaned upB. signed upC. mixed upD. speeded up【解析】选D。句意: 课程进度加快了, 这样我们就能更快地完成学业。cleaned up收拾干净; signed up报名参加; mixed up混合; speeded up使加速。根据“so we could complete our educ
48、ation more quickly”(这样我们可以更快地完成我们的教育)可知, 课程的进度加快了。故选D。13. A. freeB. safeC. frightenedD. awkward【解析】选B。句意: 它也很安全, 不受外人的侵扰。根据“Protected from outsiders”可知, 学校是安全的。故选B。14. A. beforeB. unlessC. becauseD. even though【解析】选C。句意: 这对妇女和女孩来说非常危险, 因为ASEW周围到处都在打仗。根据“there is fighting all around ASEW”(ASEW周围到处都在打
49、仗)可知, 这是对妇女和女孩来说极其危险的原因。故选C。15. A. chancesB. strategiesC. dreamsD. views【解析】选A。句意: 我希望其他女孩也能像我一样有机会重返校园。chances机会; strategies策略; dreams梦想; views观点。作者最后希望其他女孩子也有能回到学校完成学业的机会。故选A。. 语法填空The Beatles is the name of a band formed in 1960. 1. _ members were from Liverpool, England. The Beatles did a lot to
50、 change the music and culture of the 1960s. Even today, their music continues to inspire youth all over the world. The band 2. _ (make) up of four young men: John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. These four men never took music lessons. They taught themselves 3. _ (play) mus
51、ic. They played rock and roll pop music and sold 4._ (many) records in both England and America than any other singer or band of the 20th century. They had millions of fans all over the world. The Beatles fans screamed hysterically during the band s concerts and during their travels to and from 5. _
52、 (city) around the world. Often during a concert, the screaming was 6._ loud that the band s music was 7._ (total) drowned out. That kind of excitement 8._ (create) by the Beatles was called “Beatlemania” by newspapers and magazines. Not only did the Beatles inspire people through their music, 9._ t
53、hey also set trends in their clothing, hairstyles, behavior, and language. Although the band broke up in 1970, the Beatles influence on pop culture 10._ (be) still great today and many people remain Beatles fans. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了披头士乐队从成立到解散的过程, 以及它的影响。1. 【解析】The/Its。考查冠词。句意: 它的成员来自英国利物浦。此处特指披头士乐队
54、的成员, members前应用定冠词the或its。句首单词首字母要大写。故填The/Its。2. 【解析】was made。考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意: 乐队由四个年轻人组成。be made up of“由组成”。披头士的组成应该是一般过去时。故填was made。3. 【解析】to play。考查非谓语动词。句意: 他们自学演奏音乐。根据句意表示“教某人做某事”短语为teach sb. to do sth. 。故填to play。4. 【解析】more。考查比较级。句意: 他们演奏摇滚流行音乐, 在英国和美国卖出的唱片比20世纪其他任何歌手或乐队都多。 根据后文than any oth
55、er可知此处为“比较级+than any other+名词”结构, 表示“比其他任何都”。故填more。5. 【解析】cities。考查名词的数。city为可数名词, 此处前文没有冠词, 故用复数形式, 表示不止一个。故填cities。6. 【解析】so。考查副词。句意: 乐队的音乐完全淹没在尖叫声中。此处为结果状语从句, 表示“如此以至于”应用so. . . that. . . , so修饰后文形容词loud。故填so。7. 【解析】totally。考查副词。此处修饰后文动词drown应用副词totally, 表示“完全”, 作状语。故填totally。8. 【解析】created。考查非谓
56、语动词。分析句子结构可知create在句中应用非谓语动词形式, 且与逻辑主语excitement构成被动关系, 故应用过去分词作后置定语。 故填created。9. 【解析】but。考查连词。 句意: 披头士乐队不仅通过他们的音乐鼓舞了人们, 而且他们还在服装、发型、行为和语言方面引领潮流。结合句意表示“不仅而且”短语为not only. . . but also. . . 。故填but。10. 【解析】is。考查动词时态。 句意: 尽管披头士乐队在1970年解散了, 但他们对流行文化的影响在如今仍然很大, 很多人仍然是他们的粉丝。根据后文many people remain Beatles
57、fans可知应用一般现在时, 且主语为the Beatles influence, 故谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填is。. 读后续写(2021重庆高一检测)When the boys and girls got on the bus early in the morning, they noticed Vingo, who sat in front of them, staring at a photo, completely in silence. At noon, the bus pulled into Howard Johnson s, a service area, and every
58、body got off the bus except Vingo. The youngsters began to wonder about him. When they came back, one of the girls sat beside him and introduced herself. “Want some drink? ” she asked. Vingo smiled and thanked her and became silent again. Late in the afternoon, they stopped at another Howard Johnson
59、 s, and this time Vingo went out. The girl insisted that he join them. He followed them to a restaurant and ordered a cup of black coffee and some cookies. When they returned, the girl sat with Vingo again. After a while, slowly and painfully, he began his story and told her that he had been in pris
60、on for the past four years, and now he was going home. “Are you married? ” asked the girl. “I don t know, ” he said softly. “You don t know? ”“Well, when I was in prison I wrote to my wife, ” he said, “I told her that I was going to be away for a long time, and that if she couldn t stand it, if the
61、kids kept asking questions, and if it hurt her too much, she could just forget me. I d understand. I told her she didn t have to write to me. And she didn t. Not for three and a half years. ”“And you re going home now, not knowing? ”“Yeah. Well, last week, I wrote to her again. We used to live in Br
62、unswick and there s a big oak (橡树) tree just as you come into town. I told her that if she didn t have a new man and if she d take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree and I d get off and come home. If she didn t want me, forget itno handkerchief and I d go on through. ”“Wow, ”
63、the girl burst out, “Wow! ”She told the other youngsters, and soon all of them were in it. 注意: 续写词数应为150左右。Vingo handed the photo to the youngsters. _Vingo sat there, staring at the oak tree as a statue. _【参考范文】Vingo handed the photo to the youngsters. Studying the photo, they saw a beautiful young
64、woman in the middle, hugging the lovely kids and a smiling Vingo. With Brunswick approaching, they returned the photo to Vingo. He put it in his pocket and buried his face in his hands as if to protect himself against another disappointment. The youngsters took over window seats and stared out of th
65、e window, eagerly looking for the coming of the oak tree. Suddenly, they jumped up from their seats and screamed. Vingo sat there, staring at the oak tree as a statue. The tree was covered with yellow handkerchiefs, twenty or thirty of them, maybe hundreds, waving in the wind. The oak tree stood like a banner of welcome in the wind. Very slowly, Vingo rose from his seat, trying his best to hold himself steady. He made his way to the front door of the bus and forgot to say goodbye to the youngsters.
