1、重点单词1.attack /tk/ vt.袭击；攻击2claim /kleIm/ vt.声称；n.(要求的)权利3sceptical /skeptIkl/ adj.怀疑的；不相信的4cover /kv/ vt.占地(多大面积)；覆盖；包括；涉及；报道；支付；行走5generous /denrs/ adj.有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的6reputation /repjteIn/ n名誉；名声7sharp /p/ adj.锋利的；尖的sharpen vt.使锋利；削尖8mysterious /mIstIris/ adj.神秘的mystery n神秘的事物；谜9adapt /dpt/ vi.适应；适
2、合adaptable adj.适应性强的adaption n适应10disappear /dIspI/ vi.不见；消失disappearance n消失11extinct /IkstIkt/ adj.绝种的；消亡了的extinction n灭绝，绝种；消亡12exist /IzIst/ vi.存在existence n存在existent adj.存在的，现存的13destruction /dIstrkn/ n毁坏destructive adj.造成毁灭的destroy v毁灭，破坏14positive /pztIv/ adj.正面的negative adj.(反义词) 消极的15indic
3、ate /IndIkeIt/ vt.象征；暗示indication n象征；暗示16unlikely /nlaIkli/ adj.不可能的likely adj.(反义词)可能的重点短语1.grow out of源于；来自2.close up靠近3die out灭绝 4.throw light on阐明某事；帮助弄清楚5come straight to the point谈正题，开门见山 6.due to由于；因造成7stand out突出；伸出；显眼 8.be sceptical about怀疑9adapt to适应 10.go for袭击；抨击；适用；选择；喜欢经典句型1.The direc
4、tor of a local tourist office，Meng Fanying，said the monster，which seemed to be black in colour，was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪物就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色的。2He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看
5、见一个圆形黑色的动物在水中快速游动。3 There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century，although no one has seen one close up.自上世纪初以来，一直就有关于天池怪物的报道，尽管还不曾有人近距离地目睹过。4They say that the lowtemperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.他们说，温度低的湖中不可
6、能存活如此大的生物。语境记忆Research indicates that some animals are disappearing from the world.The reason why they go extinct is not a mystery.As we all know，many people hunt the animals or even destroy their habitats to make a fortune，forcing the animals to adapt to their new environment or die out.The polluti
7、on also poses a great threat to their existence.Fortunately，people have realized the seriousness of the problem and worked together to protect the animals.构词记忆decoration /dekreIn/ nU&C装饰；装潢；装饰品description /dIskrIpn/ nC&U描写；形容；叙述destination /destIneIn/ nC目标；目的地；终点devotion /dIvn/ nU献身；忠诚；热心1At first n
8、obody noticed the childs disappearance though he disappeared a few hours ago.Only when it was very late did he appear again.(disappear)2Generally speaking，earthquakes are unpredictable though scientists want to predict when an earthquake happens and many people think some day they are predictable wi
9、th the help of advanced science and technology.(predict)3.He has a positive attitude toward his work；he likes it and does it well.4Fierce animals such as lions and tigers have sharp(锋利的) teeth and claws.5The store has an excellent reputation(名声) for fair dealing.6It was generous(大方的) of you to share
10、 your food with me.7You cant cross the border(边界) without a passport.8Police are trying to discover the identity(身份) of the baby found by the side of a road.9He claimed (声称) he won the horse race，though the video showed otherwise.10A red sky at night indicates(暗示；表明) that the following day will be f
11、ine weather.1 attack vt.袭击，攻击；责难；进攻；侵袭；损害(have a harmful effect on)；n.袭击，攻击；进攻；抨击；发作；侵袭；损害(damage)attack sb.for sth.因某事而责难某人attack sb.with sth.用攻击某人be attacked with a disease患病make an attack on.向发动进攻under attack受到攻击Chinas military is under attack.中国的军队受到了攻击。The article attacked the government for it
12、s policy on education.这篇文章抨击了政府的教育政策。夯实基础语法填空(1)The company has come under fierce attack for its decision to close the factory.(2)They attacked him with their bare hands.(3)She has been attacked for ignoring her own party members.2exist in存在于之中exist on靠为生There exists/existed.某地有；存在come into existenc
13、e产生；成立；开始存在in existence存在This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence.这是现存最早的希伯来语手稿。夯实基础(1)用exist的适当形式填空There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography.Do you know when the Marriage Law came into existence?(2)翻译句子他很难靠这么低的工资生存。He could hardly exist on such a low wage.3make a c
14、laim for/on/to要求claim to do.声称claim ones attention值得注意He claimed that it was all a trick against him.他声称这一切都是一场针对他的诡计。He repeated his claim that the people there backed his action.他再次声称，那里的人民支持他的行动。夯实基础(1)No one has claimed the watch(没有人认领这块表) at the Lost and Found.(2)同义句改写She claims that she is rel
15、ated to the Queen.(改为含有不定式的简单句)She claims to be related to the Queen.4adapt(.) to (使)适应于adapt oneself to使自己适应adapt.for.为改编(写)；改造以供之用adapt from根据改编(写)adaptable adj.有适应能力的；能适应的adaptation n.改编本；适应As time went by，I gradually adapted myself to the school life.随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。(2011广东读写任务)During the one
16、month stay，I had to adapt myself to their American lifestyle and help them understand the best part of Chinese culture.一个月的生活中，我适应了美国的生活方式并帮助他们理解中国文化的精髓。夯实基础(1)语法填空The play is adapted from a novel.These materials can be adapted for use with older children.When you go to a new country，you must adapt
17、to new manners and customs.(2)We must learn to adapt to the new life(适应新生活) when going abroad.5be generous of sb.to do.某人做真大方be generous to sb.对某人大方be generous with money(用钱)大方The gift is generous by any standards.无论以哪个标准来衡量，这都是一份厚礼。He was always generous in sharing his enormous knowledge.他从不吝啬与人分享自
18、己渊博的知识。夯实基础语法填空(1)Thats very generous of you.(2)He is generous to the poor.(3)She is generous in giving her time to help others.(4)The young man is generous with his money.6make a fortune发财；致富seek/try ones fortune碰运气be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.在方面运气好He made a fortune by selling used cars.他靠
19、卖二手车发财了。He was extremely fortunate to survive.他能活下来真是万幸。夯实基础用fortune的适当形式填空(1)Dont leave that to fortune.(2)Central London is fortunate in having so many large parks and open spaces.(3)Have you heard about that fire in the market?Yes，fortunately no one was hurt.1When he moved to America，the children
20、 adapted to the change very well.2The death toll due to drunk driving has been greatly reduced.3This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.4His scientific experiments threw light on the problem.5Dont say anything else.Lets come straight to the point.1die of/from死于die dow
21、n(声音、火焰等)逐渐减弱、降低be dying for/to do.渴望获得/做If it is not too much inconvenience，would you please come to China to have a close observation of the poor finless porpoises and give us aid and direction to prevent them from dying out completely?如果方便的话，你能来中国近距离地观察一下可怜的长江江豚并给我们援助和指导以防止他们完全灭绝吗？(2013重庆写作二)夯实基础
22、用die短语的适当形式填空(1)According to statistics，a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer as a woman.(2)She is dying to know where youve been.(3)The excitement died down as time went by.2bring sth.to light揭露；显露；揭发come to light为人所知；变得众所周知make light of轻视；对等闲视之light up照亮；喜形于色Recent research has
23、thrown new light on the causes of the disease.最近的研究可以使人进一步了解导致这种疾病的原因。I didnt mean to make light of your injuries.我不是说你的伤不重。夯实基础(1)选词填空The new facts from the witnesses threw light on the matter.Her face lit up with pleasure.The truth of that matter came to light at last.(2)Though the problem was dif
24、ficult to understand，what he said threw light on it(他说的话有助于对它的理解)3be due to do.预期做；预定要做be due to sth./doing sth.归因于；欠某人be due for.应有；应得到The countrys economic problems are largely due to the weakness of the recovery.该国的经济问题很大程度上是因为复苏乏力。夯实基础(1)145 people were missing due to the crash(由于坠毁) of the Fren
25、ch Airbus.(2)翻译句子预计月底会有结果。The results are due at the end of the month.1He pretended to have finished his homework in order to go out to play.为了能出去玩，他假装已经完成了他的作业。 2He is seriously ill so that its unlikely that he will attend the party.他病得很严重所以他不可能参加这个晚会。3She might have achieved greater progress，if yo
26、u had given her more chances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得了更大的进步。4The young man seems to be very excited today.这个年轻人今天似乎很激动。5The two boys are of the same age，but are of different heights.这两个男孩年龄相同但身高不同。They say that the lowtemperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.,他们说，温度低的湖
27、中不可能存活如此大的生物。be unlikely to do.不可能做be likely to do.可能做It is likely that.可能做It is possible (for sb.) to do.(某人)可能做It is possible that.可能It is probable that.可能Not likely.不会；不可能。If this is your first baby，its far more likely that youll get to the hospital too early.如果是第一胎，你很有可能会过早地赶到医院。Very likely hed
28、told them he had American business interests.很可能他已经告诉他们自己拥有美国商业股权。夯实基础同义句改写They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.(用it作形式主语改写句子)It is likely that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.(1)Mummy，I climbed to get the teddy bear from the top of the shelf.My
29、goodness！You might have hurt (可能会伤到) yourself.(2)Did Mary come to the party?I dont know.She may have come (可能来了) while I was out.(3)My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon，so he couldnt have attended (不可能听了) your lecture.(4)Jenny，I have washed your clothes for you.Thanks.You needn
30、t have done (没有必要那样做) it.I could manage it myself.(5)There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party.You ought to have come (原本该来)，but why didnt you？.教材活用根据课文内容完成下面的短文Lake Tianchi is located in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province.It is the 1.highest (high) volcanic lake in the world.There 2.have bee
31、n (be) reports of monsters in it since the beginning of the last century.Meng Fanying，the director of a local tourist office，said that the monster seemed to be black 3.in colour，and jumped out of the water like a seal.Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that 4.its head looked like a horse,5.thou
32、gh no one really got a 6.clear (clearly) look at the mysterious creature.A soldier said the monster was greenishblack and had 7.a round head with 10centimetre horns.Li Xiaohe,8.who was visiting the lake with his family，claimed to have seen a round black creature 9.moving (move) quickly through the w
33、ater.Many people believe its existence.10.However，scientists are skeptical about this.课外拓展阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Pericles，one of the greatest leaders of all time，was born in 495 BC.Though he was born into a wealthy Athenian home，Pericles was not a bit spoiled.He was a loving person wh
34、o cared for 1.his/the people.In fact，that is 2.why he is known as one of the greatest leaders of all time.It made a difference to the citystate of Athens that he ruled.But for him，there probably would not 3.have been(be) all of the buildings，temples，statues and many 4.other achievements that he orig
35、inated.Pericles life was very interesting.He had so much more power than any other leader that ever possessed the position he held.This wasnt because people were 5.scared(scare) of him，but because he was skillful in war，very wise in peace and a great achiever.Most of all，he was very 6.selfless/unsel
36、fish(selfishness)He had enemies of course，just as everyone 7.does/did(do)，but the greater population of Athenian people looked up 8.to him as an ideal Greek.Pericles was a lover of 9.what was beautiful，not only a fabulous statesman and soldier.Greek people indeed，cherished Pericles and the lucky 10.
37、ones to have met him honored the moments he spent with them.阅读理解AThe media makes billions of dollars with the advertising they sell.We make our buying decisions based on what we see on TV，newspapers or magazines and also based on what everyone else who we know is buying and their decisions are also
38、based on the media.These are the effects of mass media on teenagers.They buy what they see on TV，what their favorite celebrities advertise and what is acceptable by society based on the fashion.There are some positive and negative influences on teenagers.Here is a positive influence example.If there
39、 is a sport that is getting a lot of attention by the media and gains popularity among their friends and society，they will be more likely to practice the sport.The result is that they will have fun with their friends and be more healthy because of the exercise they are doing.However，the negative inf
40、luences on teenagers are the use of cigars by movie stars，the excessive images of violence，the exposure to thousands of junk food ads and so on.Young people are in a stage of life where they want to be accepted by their peers and want to be loved and be successful.The media creates the ideal image o
41、f a beautiful man or woman and tells them what are the characteristics of a successful person.So they think that if they are not like them they are not cool.Another negative influence on teenagers is anorexia(厌食) or obesity.There are millions of adolescents fighting obesity，but at the same time they
42、 are exposed to thousands of advertisements of junk food.Also more women are crazy about losing weight even when they are not obese.There are many thin women that want to look like the super models and thin celebrities，so they engage in eating disorders which lead to severe health issues and even de
43、ath.1Which of the following has a great effect on our deciding what to buy according to the passage?AAdvertisements.BHabits.CEnvironment.DInterests.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句可知，人们在做出购买东西的决定时会受到电视、报纸或杂志等上面广告的影响，故选A项。2It can be inferred from the passage that .Ateenagers pay no attention to their schoolwork
44、 todayBmass media hardly affects the decisions of adultsCmany teenagers imitate what they see in the moviesDthose watching TV too much are mostly in bad health答案C解析推理判断题。根据文章中对媒体给青少年带来的积极和消极影响的介绍以及第六段最后一句“So they think that if they are not like them they are not cool.”可推知，青少年很喜欢模仿他们在电视、电影中所看到的内容，故选C
45、项。3What is the passage mainly about?AHow to make buying decisions wisely.BHow mass media influences teenagers.CHow teenagers gain information from the media.DThe negative influences of the media on teenagers.答案B解析主旨大意题。本文从大众媒体给青少年带来的积极和消极影响两方面讲述了大众媒体是如何影响他们的，故B项为正确答案。4The negative influences of the
46、media on teenagers include the following EXCEPT .Atravel BfoodCsmoking Dviolence答案A解析细节理解题。由文章第五段可知，B、C、D三项都有提到，但本文并未提到大众媒体在旅行方面对青少年的消极影响，故选A项。BIm so blessed to have a career in which I get to travel all over the world speaking with amazing people and seeing beautiful places.Along with my travels co
47、mes the reality of airport security lines and screenings.Sometimes quick，but often inconvenient，airport screenings have become an accepted and necessary part of our travel process.We all accept the security screening and the inconvenience of it because it is a system that is in place to protect us.I
48、t is designed to protect us from terrorists and evils that will harm or endanger our lives.But now that we have all accepted the need for security checkpoints to protect us from terrorist people meaning us harm，what security system do you have for yourself to guard you from the very real，terrorizing
49、 thoughts and fears that endanger you and bring your life to an end?Protect yourself！Why let those terrorizing thoughts run through your mind freely？Why let them continue to keep you from living your dream？I have learned that fear is a mental projection(预测) of something that has not yet happened.Wha
50、t we call fear is actually pain arising from the expectation that something bad will happen.What if，instead of running from it like you always have，you choose to face it？You would strip away the exaggerated(夸大的) expectation and would instead be left with the real components of the situation.Make the
51、 terrorizing fear pass through a security checkpoint in your mind.Face it and make it accountable.Ask yourself，“What is true about this situation？” Look at the fear and terrorizing thought on all sides and study it so that you can understand its root.This will conquer it and will help you use the fe
52、ar as a tool instead of a prison.5What is the text mainly about?AThe terrorizing thoughts and fear in our mind.BAdvice on traveling around the world by air.CThe airport security lines and screenings.DWays to deal with terrorizing thoughts.答案D解析主旨大意题。文章以介绍安检开篇，逐步引出主要内容：如何对待恐惧和惊慌。6What does the writer
53、 think of the airport screenings?AComfortable and protective.BTroublesome and unnecessary.CTroublesome but acceptable.DFearful but protective.答案C解析细节理解题。文章第一、二段提出航空安检问题，由第一段最后一句以及第二段第一句可知，作者认为安检虽然不方便，但有必要，可以接受，具有保护作用，综合考虑，答案为C项。7What does the underlined phrase “strip away” in Paragraph 5 mean?AGet r
54、id of. BMake use of.CHide away. DGive away.答案A解析词义猜测题。该短语为动词短语，其宾语为the exaggerated expectation，这和上文“What we call fear is actually pain arising from the expectation that something bad will happen.”中提到的“expectation”一致，根据该词语所处的语境，尤其是后面“.would instead be left with the real components of the situation.”判
55、断：对夸大的预测要去除，才能面对真正的形势，所以选用get rid of。8What is the writers advice on protecting yourself from terrorizing thoughts?ALet them run through the mind freely.BIgnore things that have not happened.CKeep them out of the security checkpoint.DFace and study them till you conquer them.答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段提出如何对待
56、心理的恐惧的建议：“Make the terrorizing fear pass through a security checkpoint in your mind.Face it and make it accountable.”以及下文的“Look at the fear and terrorizing thought on all sides and study it so that you can understand its root.This will conquer it.”，可知答案为D项。文章中的2个阅读障碍句分析1We all accept the security sc
57、reening and the inconvenience of it because it is a system that is in place to protect us.(Paragraph 2)句式分析：该句中because引导的是一个原因状语从句；that引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a system。自主翻译：我们都接受安检和它带来的不便，因为它是一种可以适当地保护我们的系统。2What we call fear is actually pain arising from the expectation that something bad will happen.(Par
58、agraph 4)句式分析：该句中what引导了一个主语从句，that引导了一个同位语从句。自主翻译：我们所谓的恐惧实际上是一种由预料坏事将会发生所引起的痛苦。.语法填空Many rules govern drivers on American streets and highways.1.The most common one is the speed limit.The speed limit controls 2.how fast a car may go.On streets in the city，the speed limit is 3.usually (usual) 25 to
59、35 miles per hour.On the highways 4.between cities，the speed limit is usually 55 miles per hour.When people drive 5.faster (fast) than the speed limit，a policeman can stop them.He gives them pieces of paper which 6.are called (call) traffic tickets.They tell the drivers how much money they must pay.
60、7.If drivers receive too many of them,8.they probably will not drive for a while.The rush hour is 9.when people are going to work or going home from work.At the rush hour there are many cars on the streets and traffic moves very slowly.Nearly all American cities have rush hours.Drivers do not break
61、the rule for 10.speeding (speed) during the rush hours because they have to drive slowly.书面表达可持续发展已成为全球共识，如何实现可持续发展是摆在世人面前的重大课题。请就下面表格所提供的内容进行陈述并谈谈你的看法。目前的状况自然资源日趋减少，环境问题依然严重，人们的环保意识淡薄，贫富差距越来越大。已采取的做法1.制定了相关的法律法规；2投入大量资金改善环境；3对民众进行教育；4加强了国际间相互合作。你的看法注意：1.不要逐条翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2词数100左右；3开头已给出，不计入总词数。
62、参考词汇：差距gap；相关的法律relevant lawsThe idea of sustainable development has been accepted by the world.How to keep sustainable development is a big problem facing our planet. 参考范文The idea of sustainable development has been accepted by the world.How to keep sustainable development is a big problem facing o
63、ur planet.The present situation is worrying.First，natural resources are becoming less than before.Second，as some people are not aware of the importance of the environmental protection，the problems with it remain extremely serious to some degree.The gap between the rich and the poor has the tendency
64、to become wider and wider.To our great joy，many countries have taken action.On one hand，they have made relevant laws and regulations and put large amounts of money to the environmental protection.On the other hand，popularized education as well as international cooperation is being carried out.As for myself，I should take the responsibility to devote myself to sustainable development，because we have only one home.
