1、This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.A rollercoaster ride is one description for these days of scary ups and downs in financial markets. If you want to use a more technical term, the markets are showing volatility.Thursday was another example of a day of strong gains on the New York Stoc
2、k Exchange after a day of heavy losses.Major measures of United States markets have closed with their biggest one-day losses since the financial crisis of two thousand eight. Asia and Europe have also had sharp declines.Volatile markets can react suddenly in wild and unpredictable ways. Usually some
3、 kind of shock, or more than one, is involved.For example, last Friday, one of the three major credit rating agencies downgraded long-term United States government debt. Standard & Poors lowered its opinion of Treasury securities one step from the highest rating, triple-A, to AA-plus.But shocks like
4、 a hopeful jobs report or good earnings results can stop a fall and send prices higher. (Also, when prices fall, investors may find good deals and start buying.)The United States held S&Ps top rating for seventy years and never had a downgrade. But many investors were expecting that to happen even a
5、fter the budget deal in Washington. Congress last week agreed to increase the governments borrowing limit in return for steps to cut spending and reduce the deficit.S&P says it thinks Americas debt will only increase in the future. President Obama disagreed.BARACK OBAMA: It does mean we dont have a
6、problem. The fact is, we didnt need a rating agency to tell us that we need a balanced, long-term approach to deficit reduction. That was true last week, that was true last year, that was true the day I took office.He said this week that markets still consider United States credit as among the world
7、s safest.Still, there are growing worries of another recession - a double dip. On Tuesday, policy makers at the central bank said economic growth so far this year has been considerably slower than they had expected. The Federal Reserve said it would likely keep short-term interest rates near zero fo
8、r at least two more years.Borrowing costs for the United States remain very low. But debt worries in two of Europes biggest economies have increased costs for their governments in recent weeks.On Monday the European Central Bank began buying debt securities from Spain and Italy. These efforts have h
9、elped push down interest rates for those countries. Nick Parsons, an economist with the National Australia Bank, says the bank made the right move.NICK PARSONS: It has been an absolutely critical decision.But he also thinks the bank will have to buy more. And Europe must still deal with the rescues
10、of Greece, Ireland and Portugal.And thats the VOA Special English Economics Report. Im Mario Ritter._Contributing: Michael Bowman, Selah Hennessyfinancial英汉解释adj. 金融的；财政的，财务的同义词a. fiscal反义词a. nonfinancial词汇辨析econmic，economical，financial，economy这些形容词均含有“经济的”之意。 econmic 指与political“政治的”相对而言的“经济的”。econ
11、omical 指与“节约”同义的“经济”，含“节约，不浪费”之意。financial 指“财务的，金钱的，财政的，财力的”。economy 在名词前作形容词用，相当于economical，表“节约的”或“经济实惠的”。参考例句1. Drawees are usually financial institutions or post offices. 3.mp3);return false; href=javascript:;受票人通常是金融机构或邮政局。2. Meeting, the rock of the view that financial tsunami actually mean w
12、hat?会议上，金岩石认为，金融海啸实际上意味着什么呢？3. At the point of desperation, many consumers search for bad credit helps and realize that this will generally take time to repair financial records.在这一点绝望，许多消费者寻找不良信贷帮助，并认识到，这将通常需要一段时间才能修复的财务记录。volatility 英汉解释n. 挥发性；易变；活泼同义词n. excitability，excitableness，unpredictability
13、参考例句1. At present, pricing power because of the volatility of global financial crisis further aggravated. 2.mp3);return false; href=javascript:;目前定价权的波动性因为全球金融危机而进一步加剧了。2. Unlike low frequency data, high frequency data has the calendar effects and long memory volatility.与低频数据不同，高频数据通常具有“日历效应”和波动长记忆性
14、。3. The spokesman also stressed that due to market volatility does not rule out future adjustments under the circumstances, or to take other measures to prevent market problems.发言人同时强调，由于市场变化不定，不排除未来再根据情况作出调整，或需要采取其他措施，以防止市场出现问题。measures 英汉解释n. 措施；层组（measure的复数）v. 测量（measure的单三形式）参考例句1. He was not a
15、fraid to measure himself against a much more dangerous animal.他不怕同更加危险的动物较量。2. We must take measures to better the traffic.我们必须采取措施改善交通状态。3. We must take measures to guard against accidents.我们必须采取措施防止事故发生。Treasury英汉解释n. 国库，金库；财政部；宝库同义词n. department of the treasury，exchequer，first lord of the treasur
16、y，treasury department参考例句1. A beautiful woman is a diamond; a woman of virtue is a treasury.一个美丽的女人是一颗钻石，一个婉约的女人是一个宝库！2. The ethnic literature treasury contains the essence of the ethnic language.在文学民族的宝库中蕴藏着民族语言的精华。3. Second, we ask the Department of Treasury to include China in its bi-annual agenc
17、y report on currency manipulation.第二，我们要求财政部在有关汇率操纵的半年度的机构报告中把中国包括在内。investors 英汉解释n. 投资者（investor的复数）参考例句1. Investors, too, have reason to rejoice. 3.mp3);return false; href=javascript:;投资者同样也有理由高兴。2. Other investors could come from Europe.其它投资者可能来自欧洲。3. Purpose: Exceed the expectations of our customers, employees and investors. 3.mp3);return false; href=javascript:;企业宗旨：超越客户、员工及投资者的期望。
