1、第四学时Grammar用情态动词完成下列句子。1It_ have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 2Mr. Smith _ have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.3There is nowhere to find them. Where _ they have gone?4. He_ have passed the exam, but he was too careless.5. What has happened to George?I dont know.
2、He _ have got lost.6She _ have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.7I_ have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me.8. Look，Tom is crying. I _ have been so harsh on him.9You_ not to have given him more help.10I _ have bought so much wineonly five people came.
3、答案：1.must2.cant3.can4.could 5.may 6might7.would8.shouldnt9.ought10needntI. “must have done” 表示对过去事情的肯定推测，意思是“一定做过某事”。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。注意：该结构只用于对过去事情的肯定推测，即只能用于肯定句，不能用于否定句。.“can
4、t have done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，意思是“不可能做过某事”。1. Mr. Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。注意：该结构只用于对过去事情的否定推测，即只能用于否定句，不能用于肯定句。. “can have done” 表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”。1.
5、There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？注意：该结构只用于一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。.“may have done” 表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”。What has happened to George?I dont know. He may have got lost.乔治发生了什么事？我不知道，他可能迷路了
6、。注意：该结构只用于肯定句中。语气没有“must have done”那么肯定。V. “could (not) have done” 用于虚拟语气中，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。. “might (not) have done” 用于虚拟语气结构中，表示对过去事情的推测。1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. 他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很
7、忙。2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。注意：might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。. “would (not) have done” 用于虚拟语气结构中，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。1. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。2. Without your h
8、elp, I wouldnt have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。 “should (not) have done” 意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “shouldnt have done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 看
9、，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。注意：该结构含有指责对方或自责的含意。.“ought (not) to have done” 表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，意思是“理应做”。I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理应上星期日回家。You ought not to have given him more help. 你不应该帮助他那么多。注意：该结构与“should have done”用法基本一样，往往表示遗憾。X. “need (not) have done” “need have done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“neednt have
10、 done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldnt have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。1. “情态动词have done”可表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，如“must have done”、“cant have done”、“may have done”和“mi
11、ght have done”等。2. “情态动词have done”可表示对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或责备，如“should (not) have done”、“ought (not) to have done”和“neednt have done” 等。3. “情态动词have done”还用于虚拟语气中。4. 有些结构只能用于肯定句，有的只能用于否定句，有的既可以用于肯定句，又可以用于否定句。.单项选择1When we got to the cinema, the film hasnt started yet, so we_Aneednt hurryBdidnt need hurryCnee
12、dnt to hurryDneednt have hurried2It was really very dangerous, you_him seriously.Amight have injuredBcould injureCshould have injured Dmust injure 3Mum, I climbed to the top of the shelf and got the Teddy Bear.My goodness! You may have hurt yourself.You_do that again.Adont have to Bmay notCneednt Dm
13、ustnt 4Everybody is working hard.There_be trouble in finishing the work on time.Aought not to BneedntCmustnt Dought to not 5I didnt hear the phone.I_asleep.Amust be Bmust have beenCshould be Dshould have been6There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.It_a comfort
14、able journey.Acant be Bshouldnt beCmustnt have been Dcouldnt have been7Its nearly seven oclock.Jack_be here at any moment.Amust BneedCshould Dcould8You_take me to the station, and my brother is taking me.Adont have to Bmustnt Ccant Dshouldnt 9I told Mary how to get there, but maybe I_for her.Ahad to
15、 write it outBmust have written it outCought to have written it outDshould write it out10Lily is already two hours late.What_to her?Acan have happened Bmust have happenedCshould have happened Dmust happen 答案：110DADABDCACA.选词填空1You_be ill.You look very pale.(have to/must)2Dont you think that such a b
16、ad habit_be got rid of？(have to/ought to)3She told Jim he_have spoken to his mother like that.(ought not to/mustnt )4When she gets up every morning, she_have a cup of water.(can/will)5Tonight I will be back late, so you_wait for me.(cant/neednt)6If you_go, at least wait till the rain stops.(must/sho
17、uld)7They_go for an outing today, because it seems as if it will rain.(mustnt/cant)8I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I_report it to the police？(should/may)9We used to work in the same office and we_have coffee together after work.(could/would)10The temperature here sometimes_be as
18、 high as 40 degree.(may/can)答案：1.must2.ought to3.ought not to4.will5neednt6.must7.cant8.should9.would10can.根据中文提示完成句子1At sixteen Ron_(本应该上学)at school.2Someone_(肯定告诉了) you that.Otherwise it is impossible for you to think of that.3You_(本来能够完成)the task a little earlier.4He_(不可能去了)to America.I have just
19、 met him.5_they_(有可能赢了)the basketball match yesterday?6You_(本来不必告诉)him about that.7You_(本应该努力学习)8I_(不该向你撒谎)you the other day.9I_(总是去钓鱼)with my father when we lived in the countryside.10The driver has drunk too much wine and dangerous things_(可能会发生) at any time.答案：1.should have studied2.must have tol
20、d3could have finished 4.cant/couldnt have gone 5Can；have won6.neednt have told7.should have worked hard8.shouldnt have lied to9would always go fishing10.may happen.语法填空Miss Jenkins was born in 1._rich family.She liked all the foods which were rich 2._fat and sugar.So she got fatter and fatter.Her wo
21、rkmates often laughed at her for it and said she 3._to lose weight.She was angry with them and 4._ get on well with them.Her weight brought her some trouble.No young man liked a fat girl 5._her and now she was more than thirty，but she 6._to live alone.She went to see the doctors.7._gave her a list o
22、f healthy diets and advised her to do more exercises and of course it was difficult for her 8._(do)so.For example，she went to a restaurant one day 9._ bought a nice cake.The waiter asked her how many pieces she wanted him to cut it into.She thought for a while and said she was losing her weight，so the cake 10._be cut only into two，not into six.答案：1.a2.in3.ought4.couldnt5.like6had7.They8.to do9.and10.should
