1、达标检测单句语法填空1(2020浙江卷)This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with _the rise of science，changes began. 解析：考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。2(2019全国卷)When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _competiti
2、on (compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. 解析：考查词性转换之名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。3(2019浙江卷)Other American studies showed no _connection/connections (connect) between uniforms and school performance. 解析：考查词性转换之名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名
3、词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。4(全国卷)This development was only possible with the _introduction (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. 解析：空格前是the，其后接名词。introduce的名词形式是introduction。故填introduction。5(全国卷)She is determined to carry on with her _educati
4、on (educate). 解析：形容词性物主代词 her应该用来修饰名词，educate的名词形式是education。故填education。6(全国卷)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top _attraction (attract). 解析：空格前有形容词性的物主代词，因此要用名词形式。故填attraction。7(全国卷)Then, handle the most
5、important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _achievement (achieve). 解析：介词of后要用名词作宾语。固定表达a sense of achievement“成就感”。故填achievement。8(全国卷)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B. C. , influenced the _development (develop) of chopsticks. 解
6、析：空前有冠词，此处应用名词作动词的宾语。故填development。9(全国卷)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _ability (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment. 解析：形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式ability。句意：除了朴素之美外，这些土坯房令人赞叹的是其具有不使用电气设备就能自动进行空气调节的能力。10(2
7、018全国卷)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to _strengthen (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. 解析：考查词形变化。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处to是不定式符号，其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。11(20186月浙江高考) Making Chinese _dishes (dish)is seen as especially troublesome. 解析：考查名词单复
8、数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。12(全国卷)This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side _effects (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight. 解析：side effect“副作用”，
9、由前面的some和下文中的两个例子overweight and heart disease可知名词effect用复数形式effects。13(全国卷)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _crowds (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.
10、 解析：crowd是可数名词，此处表复数概念，且前面没有冠词，故应用复数形式crowds。14(全国卷)She has turned down several _invitations (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. 解析：several“几个”，其后的可数名词要用复数形式。故填invitations。15(2017浙江)Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a h
11、andful of small _carrots (carrot) and was about to throw them away. 解析：a handful of“一把，几个”，后接可数名词的复数形式。a handful of carrots“几个胡萝卜”。故填carrots。16(全国卷)The nursery team switches him every few _days (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, the other is with mumshe never suspects. 解析：f
12、ew用来修饰可数名词复数，故答案为days。every few days“每隔几天”。句意：护理小组每隔几天就要把他和他的妹妹交换一下以便一个在被人工喂养时另一个和妈妈待在一起，他的母亲从来没有怀疑过。17(全国卷)Recent _studies (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 解析：根据后面的谓语动词show可知，主语应该是复数形式。故填studies。18(四川)Any smell might attract natural _enemies (e
13、nemy) that would try to eat the little panda. 解析：句意：任何气味都可能引来天敌它们会吃掉熊猫宝宝的。天敌不止一个，故用复数形式enemies。19(全国)Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _paintings (painting). 解析：many
14、用于修饰可数名词复数，故填该名词的复数形式paintings。20(2019全国I卷)Of _the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 解析：考查冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。21(2019全国卷)When we got a call saying she was short-listed，we thought it was _a j
15、oke. 解析：考查冠词。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。22(2018全国卷)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _the past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. 解析：考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。23(全国卷)This included digging up the road, laying the track and then b
16、uilding a strong roof over _the top. 解析：此处特指“地铁的顶部”，故用定冠词the。24(全国卷)Instead, she is earning 6,500 a day as _a model in New York. 解析：句意：相反，她在纽约作为一名模特每天收入6 500英镑。用不定冠词a表泛指。25(2019浙江卷)Everybody wears _the same style of clothes. 解析：考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。26(2018全国卷)Unex
17、pectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _the top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. 解析：考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。故填the。27(全国卷)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _a while, exercising, or doing som
18、ething you enjoy. 解析：让你的身体和思想休息一会儿。固定表达for a while一会儿。故填a。28(全国卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _the most modern of architects and engineers. 解析：空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词the。单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1(2020新课标卷)Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and
19、 beat them quickly with chopstick. _chopstick改为chopsticks 解析：考查名词复数。句意：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，通常以复数形式出现，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。2(2020新课标卷)Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. _vacations改为vacation 解析：考查不可数名词。句意：幸运的是，两周后我就要回家过暑假。分析句子，vacation译为“假期”是个不可数名词，
20、后面不可加s表示复数。summer vacation 译为“暑期”是固定搭配。故将vacations改为vacation。3(2020新课标卷)Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. _pan前加the 解析：考查冠词。句意：然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的pan，所以其前应加定冠词the，故在pan前加the。4(2020新课标卷) For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while
21、I have to eat an apple. _the改成a 解析：考查冠词。句意：例如：每天早晨，我的父亲不得不喝一碗鸡蛋汤，然而，我不得不吃一个苹果。泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，所以the改成a。5(2019全国卷)Since I was a kid, Ive considered different job I would like to do. _job改为jobs 解析：考查名词的数。“job(工作；职业)”为可数名词，用different(不同的)修饰时意思为不同种类的工作，应该用名词的复数形式。故将job改为jobs。 6(2019全国卷)I wi
22、sh to have a chain of cafes in many different city. _city改为cities 解析：本句考查名词的用法。many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改为cities。7(全国)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. _knowledgesknowledge 解析：knowledge为不可数名词，没有复数形式。8(全国)The teenage year from 13 t
23、o 19 were the most difficult time for me. _yearyears 解析：此处指1319岁的年龄段，故用复数。9(全国)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. _airsair 解析：由后面的定语从句we breathe in可知，此处先行词的意思是“空气”，air当“空气”讲时为不可数名词。句中的be动词is也是提示。故把airs改为air。10(新课标全国)When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes.
24、_friendfriends 解析：根据句意可知，当我最后到达“我朋友的家”(my friends)时，他借给我许多衣服。故friend应改friends。11(2018全国卷)Last winter when I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. _chickenchickens 解析：考查名词复数。他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dozens of可知，其后用名词复数形式。12(2019全国卷)To everyones surprising, the b
25、all went into the net. _surprising改成surprise 解析：考查固定搭配。“to ones名词”在句中表示结果，“to ones surprise”意思为“使某人惊讶的是”。故将surprising改为surprise。13(新课标全国)This made for the grow in the porcelain industry. _growgrowth 解析：定冠词the后面应跟名词形式，故grow应改为growth。14(2019全国I卷)Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hi
26、t me. _在football前加a 解析：考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a。15(全国卷)They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. _第一个人aan/one 解析：hour是以元音音素开头的单词，前面要用不定冠词an。表示“一个小时”可以用an hour也可以用one hour。16(新课标全国)There are all kinds of the fl
27、owers and trees around the classroom buildings. _去掉第一个the 解析：此处为泛指，不表特指，故删除第一个the。17(四川)Today, I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm goes off. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. _第二个athe 解析：结合语境和常识可知，有火灾发生消防员才会来救火，故此处特指上文提到的a fire，应用定冠词the。18(陕西)That day I di
28、dnt learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!_aan 解析：“学到了印象深刻的一课”，故用不定冠词表“泛指”；impressive以元音音素开头，故a应改为an。19(2018全国卷) During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. _countryside前加the 解析：考查冠词。去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访
29、爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词the。20(全国)At the first, I though I knew everything and could make decisions by myself. _去掉the 解析：at first起初，首先，为固定短语。语法填空Look at this photo, Lucy went on her trip to the 1. _mountains (mountain)! Shes really 2. _a born beauty，isnt she? Well, Im just telling 3. _the truth. She onc
30、e told me that she usually put cucumber slices on her face, those little greenish 4. _things (thing). Havent you heard they say on TV that cucumbers soften the skin, wipe out the roughness and build 5. _strength (strong)? Yeah! They wipe out tight and tired feelings and remove lines and age 6. _sign
31、s (sign). As for me，I have 7. _a preference for a walk in the open. For one thing, the fresh air can help me get rid of those negative feelings, thus making me refreshed for 8. _a days work again. Actually, staying energetic and keeping beautiful are a 9. _necessity (necessary) for us in our careers
32、. Being energetic, we can pace ourselves and work more efficiently. Staying young with good 10. _looks (look), well be more confident in our daily work. 文章大意：本文讲述说话人如何保持心态年轻和保养自己，并说明这样做的好处。解析：1根据语境可知，此处表示“去山里旅行”，常用mountain的复数形式来表示。故填mountains。2beauty是抽象名词，在这里抽象名词具体化了，表示“一个天生的美人”，故该空应用不定冠词a。3这里名词trut
33、h表示“事实，真相”，tell the truth表示“说实话”，为固定用法。故填the。4little在此处意为“小”，而不是“少”，由前面的修饰语those可知，这里应用提示词的复数形式things。5这里用提示词的名词形式strength，表示“强度，力量”，为不可数名词。6由语境可知，这里表示“消除皱纹和老化的迹象”，sign作“迹象”讲时为可数名词，故填复数形式signs。7have a preference for表示“偏爱”，是固定短语，因此本空填a。8此处表示“一天的工作”，是泛指。故用不定冠词a。9设空处位于冠词a之后，再结合句意可知，此处应填necessary的名词形式ne
34、cessity(必需品，必需的事物)，为可数名词。10本空在句中作介词的宾语，因此这里的look是名词，表示“相貌，容貌”时为可数名词，常用复数形式。故填looks。短文改错We are all longing for success. However, there is no shortcut to successes. We have to make good preparation and keep on trying before we finally achieve our goals. Take Steve Jobs as a example. He dropped out uni
35、versity in his twenties，but he always attended class and grabbed every chance to study. When he designed the products of iPod and iPhone, he made great effort to realize his ideas. He was suffered one failure after another before he eventual succeeded. Just as the saying go, “Rome was not built in a
36、 day. ”If you want to succeed，you have to keep on trying your idea and never give up. 答案：We are all longing for success. However, there is no shortcut to . We have to make good and keep on trying before we finally achieve our goals. Take Steve Jobs as example. He dropped out university in his twenti
37、es，but he always attended and grabbed every chance to study. When he designed the products of iPod and iPhone, he made great to realize his ideas. He was suffered one failure after another before he succeeded. Just as the saying , “Rome was not built in a day. ”If you want to succeed，you have to keep on trying your and never give up.
