1、UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND Section Using Language基础达标练. 单句填空1.I owe it to you that I have been so successful.2.When we returned at dusk, the lights of the city had come on.3.On a misty （mist） August morning, the three of us headed out for our two-day adventure.4.The man paid a fifty-dollar fi
2、ne for putting up advertisements （advertise） in public.5.I never think myself a stupid boy. On the contrary, I know Im on the road to success.6.To her astonishment （astonish）, her son has passed all the exams.7.No dictionaries can cover all the English idioms （idiom）.8.Frank Hurley, a confident and
3、gifted Australian photographer （photograph） who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images.9.He would sail to New Zealand, then reach Antarctica in February, and then proceed to the pole the following spring.10.The effect of toasting （toast） bread for too long is burnt. 同义替换alongside; close to
4、; astonish; chat with; anticipate; contrary to; dream of; go on a tour of; in the distance; proceed to sth1.I am thirsty for exploring space in the future. dream of 2.The hotel is situated near the beach and so it is convenient for us to admire the sea. close to 3.If it is your first trip to China,
5、we suggest you should spend at least ten days visiting Beijing, Xian, and Dunhuang. going on a tour of 4.Far away is a tall tree which is said to have a history of over 500 years. In the distance 5.Opposite to popular belief, a desert can be very cold. Contrary to 6. Go on with Step 3 if you finish
6、the first two ones. Proceed to 7.With his luggage packed up, he went out to talk with his friends. chat with 8.We were walking in the street when a car pulled up next to us. alongside 9.She surprised us very much by saying she was leaving. astonished 10.We expect that sales will rise next year. anti
7、cipate . 完成句子1.工作了两天, 史蒂夫设法如期完成了他的报告。（现在分词作状语） Having worked for two days , Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.2.张明是一名大学生。上个月, 他组建了一支南极志愿者探险队。（同位语）Zhang Ming, a university student , set up an Antarctic volunteer expedition last month.3.无论今天我们在哪里，不管我们做什么，我们都应该感谢我们的父母。（owe）Wherever we are
8、today， whatever we are doing， we should owe thanks to our parents .4.看到家乡在过去10年里发生了如此大的变化，他感到很惊讶。（astonish） He was astonished to see his hometown had changed so much in the past 10 years.5.这根本不麻烦。相反，我很乐意帮助你。（contrary）Its no trouble at all; on the contrary ， it will be a great pleasure to help you.素养
9、综合练. 阅读理解（2021江西南昌高二期中）Mother Nature is a cruel mistress. Why? Read on to find the answer.VeniceThis iconic city is sinking rapidly. The canals that make up the streets of Venice rise 2 mm every year， making relics of history go under the surface of water and destroying architecture. Experts warn th
10、at without intervention（干预）， this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate， consumed by rising sea level from melting polar ice caps.Machu PicchuThese iconic ruins have drawn adventurous tourists into the mountains of South America. The forces of natural erosion（侵蚀）have been ac
11、celerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic. The Peruvian government recently suggested a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins， making the site instantly accessible to millions but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain.Gl
12、acier National ParkPerhaps youve heard that the ice caps are melting. But nowhere is more apparent in the United States than in Glacier National Park. Estimates indicate that the glaciers that are part of the beauty of this national landmark will disappear entirely in the next two decades.The Great
13、Barrier ReefHidden from view beneath the waves， the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off. Nearly fifty percent of coral which once occupied a large area is gone， destroyed by pollution and disease.1.What can we learn about Machu Picchu?A.Its famous for cable cars.B.It has no convenient traf
14、fic.C.Its well preserved by the locals.D.It bears a heavy burden of tourism.2.Which place probably needs visitors to dive into the water to enjoy its beauty?A.Venice.B.Machu Picchu.C.Glacier National Park.D.The Great Barrier Reef.3.What do the above attractions have in common?A.They all have a long
15、history.B.Theyre all threatened by climate.C.Theyre all in danger of disappearing.D.Theyre all well-known for natural scenery.答案：1.D 解析：1.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了濒临消失的四个著名景点。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据Machu Picchu部分下的The forces of natural erosion（侵蚀）have been acceleratedbut the future of Machu Picchu remains u
16、ncertain. 可知，因为巨大的旅游负担，马丘比丘遗址受到了不断增加的客流量所带来的毁灭性影响，故选D项。答案：2.D 解析：2.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据The Great Barrier Reef部分下的Hidden from view beneath the waves， the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off. 可推测，游客需要潜入海中才能领略大堡礁的美。故选D项。答案：3.C 解析：3.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据Venice部分的内容可知，威尼斯正在迅速下沉，将以很快的速度被海水淹没; 根据M
17、achu Picchu部分的内容可知，过重的旅游负担正在加速马丘比丘的自然侵蚀; 根据Glacier National Park部分可知，冰川国家公园正在融化; 根据The Great Barrier Reef部分的内容可知，大堡礁正在迅速消亡。即文章提到的四个景点所面临的共同问题是，它们都有消失的危险，故选C项。. 七选五A friend of yours just got a new haircut. Deep down， you think its terrible. However， you say it looks fantastic. 1 People tell white lie
18、s all the time. They dont do it to gain anything like money. They do it because theyre considerate （体谅的）towards others. They dont want to hurt those peoples feelings. 2 You may tell a lady in her forties that she is just like thirty. You may encourage a young man by saying that he will be successful
19、 and famous in the future even though you do not believe it. This kind of lie can bring some benefits to people and some of the benefits can be beyond your imagination.People also tell white lies to help themselves. 3 In that way， they are kind. Though， in another way， they can be cruel. White lies
20、are not really little or kind in the end. Over time， people around white liars get to know their habit. That causes the people to lose trust in what the liars say.Telling white lies all the time also affects the liars. 4 They say things are good when they are not. Then， they cant handle it when the
21、truth finally hits them. 5 Some people may say it is okay to tell white lies only if we mean no harm. Some people may say no because they think that white lies are still lies and that the truth is always the better， while other people think that in human relationships， kindness and lies are worth a
22、thousand truths. White lies may be good at times. People will have to pay the price for their emotions， though.A. Should we tell white lies?B. You just told a little white lie.C. Why do people tell white lies?D. White lies may help keep the peace.E. Some are dishonest with themselves.F. Some parents
23、 tell their children little white lies to make life easier.G. They also do it to please somebody， cheer somebody up or encourage somebody.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 答案：1.B 解析：1.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们说善意谎言的原因、善意的谎言对人所产生的影响以及人们对撒善意谎言的不同看法。最后文章指出善意的谎言有时可能是好的。然而，人们将不得不为他们的情感付出代价。【解题思路】本句总结上文说明，心里觉得很难看但是嘴上却说棒极了，是因为不
24、想伤害朋友的感情而说了善意的谎言。故选项B“你只是撒了个善意的小谎。”符合语境。答案：2.G 解析：2.【解题思路】设空处位于段首，下文的例子表明善意的谎言是为了取悦或者鼓励某人，选项G说明了人们说善意的谎言的目的，能够概括本段的内容，故选G。答案：3.D 解析：3.【解题思路】本句承接上文说明善意的谎言是如何被人们用来帮助自己的，且结合下文提到他们是善良的，可推知D选项“善意的谎言有助于维持和平。”正确。答案：4.E 解析：4.【解题思路】上文提到善意的谎言会影响说谎者，下文则提到把不好的事情说成好，可推知本句是在举例说明善意的谎言会导致说谎者不诚实的情况。故选项E“有些人对自己不诚实。”符
25、合语境。答案：5.A 解析：5.【解题思路】下文列举了人们对于该不该说善意谎言的看法，故本句应当是总起下文，提出应不应该说善意谎言的问题。故选项A“我们应该说善意的谎言吗？”符合语境。深度解析难句分析原句：You may encourage a young man by saying that he will be successful and famous in the future even though you do not believe it.句意：你可以鼓励一个年轻人说他将来会成功和出名，尽管你自己都不相信。分析：主句中含有that引导的宾语从句，作saying的宾语；even t
26、hough引导让步状语从句。. 语法填空A crater （环形山） on Mercury（水星） sat quietly for millions of years. Surprisingly， it acquired a name-Li Qingzhao， a Chinese female poet. The International Astronomical Union named the first group of craters on the planet after 310 famous writers and artists in human history， Li 1 （i
27、nclude）. What did she do to deserve such 2 honor? Compared with other male poets in China， 3 have left hundreds or even thousands of poems， she has only eighty-seven. 4 ， her artistic creativity in her 5 （survive） works has earned her a permanent place in the Chinese literary circle.She grew up in a
28、 relatively relaxed atmosphere but her maiden （少女） days were so limited 6 the regret could be felt in her poem:“Cant you see? The green leaves thriving （旺盛） but the red flowers fading overnight.” The arrival and disappearance of spring is one of the most frequent themes in Chinese poetry. Li had two
29、 marriages. The first ended up her being abandoned during the war. 7 （bad） still， she suffered physical abuse from her second husband. Bravely she charged him at the court and got the 8 （permit） to divorce.In the final stage of her life， even 9 no one to rely on， she never gave up hope and created m
30、any literary works that 10 （leave） for generations to appreciate to date.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.included 解析：1.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章由水星上的一座环形山命名为“李清照”切入，给读者讲述了我国著名女诗人李清照的生平。考查非谓语动词。included是过去分词形式的形容词，在表示“包括在内”时，常放在被修饰的名词或代词后，起补充说明的作用。答案：2.an 解析：2.考查冠词。honor是可数名词，结合上下文内容可知，此处表示“值得这样的一份荣耀”，是泛指，
31、应用不定冠词，又honor是元音音素开头，故填an。答案：3.who 解析：3.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。句意：与中国其他留下数百首甚至数千首诗的男性诗人相比，她只有八十七首。答案：4.However 解析：4.考查副词。结合上下文内容可知，此处应用表示转折意义的副词。句意：然而，她现存的作品的艺术创作力为她在中国文学界赢得了永恒的地位。答案：5.surviving 解析：5.考查形容词。句意见上题。此处应填survive的形容词形式surviving，意为“继续存在的”，修饰名词works。答案：6.that 解析：6
32、.考查固定结构。sothat“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。答案：7.Worse 解析：7.考查固定表达。worse still“更糟糕的是”。答案：8.permission 解析：8.考查名词。分析句子成分可知，定冠词the后跟名词，应填permit的名词形式作got的宾语。答案：9.with 解析：9.考查with的复合结构。with no one to rely on意为“没有人可以依靠”。句意：甚至在她人生的最后阶段，没有人可以依靠，但她从来没有放弃希望，并且创作了很多让世人到今天还非常欣赏的文学作品。答案：10.have been left 解析：10.考查动词的时态和语态。由to
33、 date判断此处应用现在完成时，关系代词that指代literary works，和leave之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been left。解题技巧第3小题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析关系词在从句中的成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：1. 找出先行词：male poets2. 分析关系词在从句中的成分：关系词在从句作主语，应用指人的关系代词who/that。3. 考虑特殊情况：非限制性定语从句中不能使用that，故填who。. 应用文写作1.（2021浙江温州高二期中检测）假定你是李华，你想写封邮件邀请你校留学生Robert
34、 和你们全班同学一起在周六去Green Village欣赏美丽的乡村。请根据以下内容完成这封英文邮件：1. 乡村介绍；2. 活动安排；3. 往返时间、方式。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Robert，Im Li Hua. Im writing to invite you to visit Green Village， a charming village in this area. Heres a look at it.Green Village， whose villagers are friendly， is surrounded by gree
35、n fields and thick forests. Were going to spend two hours exploring the local museum to learn about the long history of the village. After that， we shall travel through the village by ourselves to appreciate the beautiful natural scenery. And Im sure that itll take your breath away.We plan to meet at the school gate at 9 a. m. this Saturday and come back in the afternoon by bus. If you are willing to join us， please let me know. Yours sincerely，Li Hua
