1、限时提分练(三十三)选修Unit3Underthesea.阅读理解A2021湖南省四校高三调研SashaOlsen, afourthgraderatPineCrestSchoolinFortLauderdale, isworkingonreleasingabookthissummertoillustratehowthestateoftheoceanaffectschildren.The10yearoldwentonatriplastsummerwithherfamilytoVietnamandJapan.Shewashorrifiedattheoceanspollutionlevelsandd
2、yingseaanimals.Backhome, shegrewevenmoredisturbedafterlearningabouttheoceanconditionsinSouthFlorida.ShesoughthelpfromhercousinNarminaAliyev.Together, theystartedanonprofitgroup, Iwantmyoceanback, inOctober.Originally, thegroupstartedsmall, withfriendscomingtogetherontheweekendstocleanthebeachesinBal
3、Harbour.Recently, however, ithashostedeventstoraisefundsforbeachcleanupsanddonatetoconservationgroups.Thenonprofitgroupisalsotryingtobroadenitsbasebytappingintothesocialmedia.SashahasstartedachannelwhereshepostsvideosfromeventsandhasbegunawebseriescalledTableTalks.Init, sheinterviewspeoplefromdiffer
4、entprofessionsabouttheocean.Aftertheinterview, sheandherguestwillcreateapainting, signedbytheguest, whichwillbeauctioned (拍卖) offtoraisemoneytodonatetoconservationbasedorganizations.JencarlosCanela, apopularCubanAmericansingerandtelenovelastar, wasoneofIwantmyoceanbacksfirstfollowersandSashasfirstgu
5、est.Canela, whohas3.4millionfollowersonInstagram, postedabouttheexperience.“Sasha, youcancountonmefromnowonforanythingandcongratulationsontheworkyouredoingtokeepouroceanclean.Youaresospecialandverytalented！”hewrote.SashaandAliyevhopetoextendtheirworktoneighboringcitiessuchasHollywoodandMiamiBeach.“W
6、ereallywanttomakeourselvesvisibleandaccessibletoall，”saidAliyev, thenonprofitgroupsvicepresident.1WhatdoweknowaboutIwantmyoceanback?AItwassetupbySashascousin.BItaimsatoceanprotection.CItwasinspiredbySashasdomestictravel.DItorganizescleanupactivitiesintheneighborhood.2HowdoesSasharaisemoneyonsocialme
7、dia?ABycallingonfriendsandrelativestodonate.BBystartingachannelandTableTalks.CByinterviewingpeoplefromdifferentprofessions.DBysellingpaintingssignedbyherguests.3WhatcanweinferfromCanelaspostonInstagram?AHeisproudofbeingSashasfirstguest.BHeisoneofIwantmyoceanbacksfirstfollowers.CHeiswillingtomakecont
8、ributionstoSashasproject.DHisfollowersonInstagrampostedabouttheircleanupexperiences.4Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?ASasha: aPopularGirlontheSocialMediaBFourthgraders: DevotedtoBeachCleanupsCA10yearold: MakingaDifferencetotheOceanDA10yearold: WorkingonReleasingaBookThisSummerB2021合肥市高三调研InSharkBay, Aus
9、tralia, bottlenosedolphinsthatarentrelatedhavebeenobservedteachingeachotheranewwaytouseatool, abehaviorthatuntilnowscientistshavefoundonlyinhumansandothergreatapes.Itsalsothefirstknownexampleofdolphinspassingonsuchknowledgewithinthesamegeneration, ratherthanbetweengenerations.Thatssignificant, theau
10、thorssay, becausesuchsociallearningbetweenpeersisrareinnature.Inapracticecalledshelling, dolphinswillchasefishintoabandonedgiantsnailshellsontheseafloor, thenbringtheshellstothesurfaceandshakethemwiththeirnoses, drainingthewaterandcatchingthefishthatfallout.In2007, KrtzenlaunchedastudyofSharkBaysdol
11、phins, identifyingmorethanathousandindividualdolphinsover11years.Duringthistime, scientistsobservedshelling42timesamong19dolphins.Halfoftheseeventsoccurredafteramarineheatwavein2011, whichmayhavecausedadieoffamonggiantseasnails, leadingtomoreabandonedshellsontheseafloor.Becauseofthelengthoftheirstud
12、y, scientistshadthoroughknowledgeoftheindividualdolphinsfamilyhistories, ages, sexes, andbehavior, makingiteasierforthemtostudythe19dolphinsthatpracticedshelling.Forinstance, theyobservedthatthedolphinsthatpracticeshellinghangoutwithothershellinghunters, soitslikelythattheycopytheactionfromthosethey
13、spendtimewith, saysstudyleadauthorSonjaWild, apostdoctoralresearcherattheUniversityofKonstanzinGermany.Although42observationsareasmalldataset, thescientistsadd, itslikelythebehaviorisactuallycommon; itonlylastsafewseconds, makingitharderforpeopletospotitfromaboat.Theteamhadassumedthatenvironmentalfa
14、ctorsspecifically, whethershellingdolphinsdidsosimplybecausetheylivedinashellrichareacouldexplainthispeertopeertransmission (传递).Agenetictrait (遗传特性) amongafamilygroupwasanotherpossiblereason.Sotheresearcherscombinedtheirdataonthedolphinsightings, aswellasgeneticandenvironmentaldata, intoacomputermo
15、delthatproposedvariouswaysshellingcouldbepassedonbetweendolphins.Themodelthatsupportedthiskindoftransmissionwasthestrongestoutcome, accordingtothestudy.5Whatdoweknowaboutdolphins?ATheyarebecomingrareinnature.BTheyareasintelligentashumans.CTheycausemoreseasnailstodie.DTheycancarryoutsociallearning.6W
16、hatdothescientiststhinkofthedolphinsbehavior?AItcouldprobablyhappenoften.BItmaybehardtounderstand.CItisactuallymeaningless.DItdiffersbetweendolphins.7WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?AAnalyzethecausesofthedolphinsbehavior.BExplainthegenetictraitsofshellingdolphins.CSummarizethepreviousparagra
17、phs.DGetthereaderstoreflectonthetopic.8Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?AShellingDolphinsFaceMoreDangersBDolphinsLearnTricksfromEachOtherCDolphinsCommunicatewithSeaSnailsDDolphinsAbandonTheirNaturalHabitats.完形填空2021昆明市“三诊一模”WhenIwasinmiddleschool, Itookacomputercourseatapubliclibrary.Whenmymother_1_meup
18、afterwork, Itoldher_2_，“Imadeanewfriend.”HernameisEthel, anelderlywomantakingtheclassto_3_theskillstocommunicatewithfriendsusingthe_4_.Throughoutthesession, weenjoyedeachothers_5_Ifeltgrownupand_6_bythiswomanwhowas_7_bymytypingskills.Andshe, Iimagine, feltpleasedthata(n) _8_persontookaninterestinher
19、whowaslearningsomething_9_.Sincethatexperience, Ihavebeendrawntointergenerational_10_.NowthatImolder, Igettogrowinboth_11_，fromstartingaconversationwithanolderpersonbesidemeatcommunityservices, to_12_a9yearoldgirlaboutherhobby.Therearemanybenefitsofdevelopingfriendshipsacross_13_lines.Theyoungerpers
20、oncanlearnfromtheattitudeand_14_oftheolderperson, whohasoften“beenthere, donethat”.Theymightalsogainamore_15_attitudetoagingbyspendingtimewiththosewhoare_16_theirlifewithenergyandoptimism.Feelingsoflonelinessarecommonamongolderpeople, andthe_17_ofanewfriendisapositivecomfort.Theolderpersonmightalsog
21、etthe_18_tolearnandusenewskillsintechnologyandcommunication.Wehavesomuchto_19_eachother.Whenweopenourheartstofriendsofdifferentages, wewill_20_exactlyhowmuchwehavetolearnandteach.1A.wokeBcheeredCpickedDbrought2A.excitedlyBdeliberatelyCshylyDseriously3A.understandBlearnCshowDintroduce4A.signalBapplic
22、ationCphoneDcomputer5A.successBcompanyCideasDlives6A.evaluatedBignoredCchallengedDvalued7A.disturbedBaffectedCimpressedDfrightened8A.youngBkindClovelyDinteresting9A.strangeBnewCabstractDflexible10A.diversityBcompetitionCfriendshipsDproblems11A.contentsBlessonsCplansDdirections12A.tellingBaskingCremi
23、ndingDpersuading13A.professionalBnationalCculturalDgenerational14A.experienceBmotivationCinterestDresponse15A.naturalBpracticalCpositiveDnormal16A.livingBsavingCdescribingDimagining17A.greetingBsympathyCattentionDpromise18A.timeBopportunityCfreedomDmoney19A.testBawardCdoubtDoffer20A.findoutBsetdownC
24、takeinDmakeup限时提分练(三十三).阅读理解A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自然环境保护Sasha在Aliyev的帮助下成立Iwantmyoceanback以保护海洋【语篇解读】SashaOlsen在日本和越南旅游时对海洋污染程度和濒临死亡的海洋动物感到震惊，她和NarminaAliyev一起成立Iwantmyoceanback，为清理海滩筹集资金，向环保组织捐款，通过社交媒体推广环保公益活动。她们的善举赢得了许多名人嘉宾的支持。1答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段内容并结合该组织的名称“Iwantmyoceanback (Iwantmyoceanback)”可知，该组织旨在保
25、护海洋，故B项正确。2答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第四段尾句可知，采访结束后，她和她的嘉宾将创作一幅画，嘉宾在画上签名，该画将被拍卖，以筹集资金捐赠给环保组织。故D项正确。3答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Sasha，youcancountonme.sospecialandverytalented！”可知，Canela对Sasha的行为持肯定态度。他表示Sasha可以依靠自己做任何事。据此可以推断，Canela愿意为她的项目贡献力量，故C项正确。4答案与解析：C考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了十岁的Sasha在越南和日本旅游时，对海洋污染程度和濒临死亡的海洋动物感到震
26、惊，她和NarminaAliyev一起成立Iwantmyoceanback，为清理海滩筹集资金，向环保组织捐款，通过社交媒体推广环保公益活动。据此可知，C项最适合作文章标题。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然探索自然海豚相互传授使用工具的新方法【语篇解读】人们观察到一种宽吻海豚在互相传授一种使用工具的新方法，迄今为止，科学家们只在人类和其他类人猿身上发现了这种行为。本文介绍了这种行为的相关情况。5答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“InSharkBay, Australia, bottlenosedolphinsthatarentrelatedhavebeenobservedtea
27、chingeachotheranewwaytouseatool, abehaviorthatuntilnowscientistshavefoundonlyinhumansandothergreatapes”可知，海豚和人类以及其他类人猿一样，可以互相传授使用工具的新方法，故D项正确。6答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句中的“Although42observationsareasmalldataset, thescientistsadd, itslikelythebehaviorisactuallycommon”可知，科学家们认为虽然42次观察只是一个小数据集，但实际上这可能是很常见
28、的行为。据此可知，海豚的这种行为可能经常发生，故A项正确。7答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。通读第四段可知，该段分析了海豚这种行为的两个原因，第一个是环境因素；第二个是家庭群的遗传特性。据此可知，该段旨在分析海豚这一行为的原因，故A项正确。8答案与解析：B考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文首句“InSharkBay, Australia, bottlenosedolphins.othergreatapes”为全文的主题句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了科学家的新发现：海豚能互相传授使用工具的新方法，故B项最适合作全文的标题。.完形填空语篇类型：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与社会人际交往忘年交【语篇解读】
29、作者上中学时在公共图书馆的电脑课上认识了一个同班的年长的女士，两人相处愉快。之后，作者就对忘年交很感兴趣，并由此总结了忘年交的益处。1答案与解析：C根据“afterwork”可推知，此处表示妈妈下班后来接作者。picksb.up“接某人”。2答案与解析：A根据下文中的“weenjoyedeachothers_5_”可推知，作者很乐意交了这个新朋友，因此很兴奋地讲给妈妈听。B项意为“故意地”。3答案与解析：B根据常识可知，上课是为了学习一些技能或技巧的。4答案与解析：D根据上文中的“Itookacomputercourseatapubliclibrary”可推知Ethel是学一些使用电脑与朋友沟
30、通的技能。5答案与解析：B作者和Ethel两个人一起上课，彼此很合得来。B项意为“陪伴”。6答案与解析：D作者因为自己的打字技能给年长的Ethel留下深刻印象而被对方所看重。A项意为“评价”；B项意为“忽略”；D项意为“重视，珍惜”。7答案与解析：C参见上题解析。8答案与解析：A根据上文中的“HernameisEthel, anelderlywoman”可推知，此处指的那个人是作者，还很年轻。9答案与解析：B根据下文中的“learnandusenewskillsintechnologyandcommunication”可知，Ethel上课去学新的东西。C项意为“抽象的”；D项意为“易弯曲的”。
31、10答案与解析：C自此之后，作者一直被忘年交问题所吸引。A项意为“多样性”。11答案与解析：D根据下文中的“from.to.”可推知，作者在两个方向都有成长。12答案与解析：B根据“startingaconversation”可推知，此处表示询问小女孩的兴趣爱好。13答案与解析：D根据上文中的“Sincethatexperience, Ihavebeendrawntointergenerational_10_”可推知，此处表示忘年交。14答案与解析：A根据常识可推知，年少者可以从年长者那里学到经验和对待人生的态度。B项意为“动机”。15答案与解析：C根据“withenergyandoptimism”和下文的“apositivecomfort”可推知，年少者还可以从年长者那里学到对变老的积极态度。16答案与解析：Aliveoneslife“过某人的生活”，与上文中的“aging”呼应。C项意为“描述”。17答案与解析：C感到孤独在年长者中间相当普遍，而新朋友的关注对他们是一种积极的安慰。18答案与解析：B年长者也有机会学习新事物。19答案与解析：D年长者和年少者交往，彼此都能够给对方提供很多新的东西，彼此受益。20答案与解析：A根据下文中的“how”可推知，此处表示“弄清楚”。A项意为“查明”；B项意为“放下，记下”；C项意为“欺骗，吸收”；D项意为“化妆，编造”。
