1、河南鲁山县2016高考英语完形填空【二轮】讲解及演练（附答案）完形填空解题奥秘二、相关及相同词语复现在完形填空试题中，一些空格前后会出现与正确答案联系紧密的信息词 (短语)。这种联系通常有以下几种形式：信息词与正确答案属于同根词；信息词与正确答案是同一个词；信息词与正确答案是同义词或近义词。*. 空格前后的同根词信息词与正确答案是同根词时，这两个同根词会在短文中先后出现，陈述相同或相反意思的观点或话题。注意同根词复现时所提供的信息，并据此确定试题答案。如：(1) It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped
2、in special classes. The 1 is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by learning situations that are designed for the average children. 1. A. principleB. theory C. argument D. classification(改编自2011年广东省高考试题)解析：C。本空前一句中出现了一个关键的信息词arg
3、ued。动词argue同本小题选项argument是一对同根词。根据上文语境可知句意：这种观点是建立在一个观念的基础之上的。(2) Every country has its own culture. Even though each country uses doors, doors may have practical functions and purposes which lead to 22 differences.22. A. nationalB. embarrassing C. cultural D. amazing(改编自2010年广东省高考试题)解析：C。首句句意：门在不同的
4、国家形成了自己的文化特点。据此推断，门文化在不同的国家之间有差异。文章第一句中的culture就是信息词，因此可运用同根词重现的方式找到正确答案。*. 空格前后的同复现词有时，信息词与正确答案是同一个词。这两个词会在短文中先后出现 (可能相隔较远)，在文章的不同处陈述相同的观点或话题。如：(1) The little girl knew exactly where she was heading! Down the hill and across the valley, she rode to the 47 of the golden house. As she got off her bik
5、e and put it against the gate post, she focused on the path leading to the house and then on the house itself.(改编自2013年辽宁省高考试题)47. A. windowsB. steps C. center D. gate解析：D。本题可根据下文中的词语复现规则解题。根据she got off her bike and put it against the gate post可知，小姑娘骑车到了金房子门口，故答案为D。(2) Number sense is not the abili
6、ty to countIt seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human 15 is not much better than a crows.15. A. sight B. nature C. ability D. belief(改编自2013年广东省高考试题)解析：C。这里的ability与首段的ability形成同词复现关系。本段为结论段，句义为：数字感似乎是我们与世界上许多动物都具备的能力，而且人类的这种能力并不比乌鸦强
7、。(3) Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they 14 so goes far beyond the work they have in school. 14. A. believeB. think C. say D. feel(改编自2011年广东省高考试题)解析：D。本空前面的信息词feel与选项D是同一词。*. 空格前后的同义词或近义词有时，信息词与选项词是一对同义词或近义词。这两个词会在短文中先后出现(可能相隔较远)，在文章的不同处陈述相同的观点或话题。如：(1) Number sense is not the ab
8、ility to count. It is the ability to recognize a change in number. Human beings are born with this ability. Surprisingly，experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 3 . However, if you remo
9、ve two, the bird generally leaves. This means that the bird knows the difference between two and three. (改编自2013年广东省高考试题)3. A. survive B. care C. hatch D. notice解析：D。通读本段可知，本空前后的信息词分别为第二句中的recognize和最后一句中的knows，由此可推测本题答案为notice, 为两个信息词的近义词。【即学即练】根据斜体单词的暗示，选择正确答案。1. “Look, its Baldy!” A boy shouted i
10、n my direction across the playground. Even though I was used to regular insults because of the on my head, it was seldom horrible to hear. I sighed as I was headed back to the class.A. hat B. scars C. scarf D. cuts2. The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your .
11、That is why exercise has been shown to build up your self-respect.A. ability B. relationshipC. confidence D. business3. When he woke in the morning, he learned that a band of robbers had robbed the village, killing most of the and burning up most of the houses. A. thieves B. animals C. soldiers D. v
12、illagers4. Mother used to educate us to be confident about ourselves in any situation. Thanks to my strong , I became successful in my later life.A. confidence B. personalities C. qualification D. possessionsKey: 1-4 BCDA三、逻辑推断在完形填空的解题过程中，可根据上下文的逻辑关系来推断正确答案。逻辑关系包括因果关系、比较关系、并列关系、递进关系、时空顺序关系等。从近几年的广东高
13、考完形填空来看，大多是利用因果关系来推断正确答案的。如：(1) By the end of my first semester, I was really 41 . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. (改编自2013年山东省高考试题)41. A. carefulB. lonely C. curious D. guilty 解析：B。本题可依据对比关系和因果关系进行推测。本例通过 “我”与同学们作对比：由于同学们有许多朋友，所以玩得非常愉快；而 “我” 却没有朋友，所以非常 “孤独”；故答案为
14、B。(2) It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 12 able to fool the crow. (改编自2013年广东省高考试题)12. A. gradually B. luckily C. strangely D. finally解析：D。本题可依据时空顺序确定答案。根据上文内容可知，在进行前面多次的试验之后，他们终于将乌鸦弄糊涂了。(3) If people follow rules without taking other matters into consid
15、eration, it will be easy for them to form what is sometimes called a “black and white” view. For example, they may believe that people should always tell the truth, and that lying is 6 acceptable. Such people always stick to their views, even if it means that they may get into 7 . (改编自2012年广东省高考试题)
16、6. A. seldom B. rarely C. merely D. never 7. A. trouble B. power C. prison D. control解析：DA。这两个题可依据上下文的递进关系和让步关系来确定答案。从上文可知，第6空是对 black and white 观点形成的引申他们始终认为人们应该讲真话，说谎是决不可以被接受的，故D项正确。even if引导让步状语从句，“即使可能陷入困境，这些人也始终坚持他们的观点。” (4) In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judg
17、ment, relying heavily on their teachers directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.(改编自2011年广东省高考试题) 9. A. directlyB. cleverly C. voluntarily D. quickly 解析：C。本题可根据因果关系进行解答。“因为不用担心跟不上，所以聪明的
18、学生会自主地考虑许多问题。”完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Martin Henfield talks about some of his experience(经历) as a twin: when we were small my mother dressed us _1_ the same clothes. That was bad enough and we didnt like it. But we went on our first camping trip, it was even _2_. We were only ten
19、years old, and while _3_ went into their sleeping bags for the _4_, we were not happy to snuggle(偎依) inside a double sleeping bag my mother made for us.At school our classmates _5_us Henfield One and Henfield Two, so people _6_ even see our difference according to our initials because _7_ of us were
20、 M.O. It was only when I went to _8_ and began to have my own friends that I started to feel my own freedom of identity（身份）.Before I went to college, during my secondary school _9_, I _10_ to a job on a building site. My twin brother, Mike Henfield, didnt work. One day I asked my boss, “Can I have a
21、 week _11_?” “Certainly,” he said, “but you wont have the job when you 12_ back.” I didnt want to _13_ the job. So on Monday morning, Mike went there in my _14_, jacket and hat and he worked for me for one week _15_ of them knew the difference.名师点评 这是一则关于双胞胎的故事, 说明了作为双胞胎既有他们苦恼的一面, 也有乐趣的一面. 在做这则完型填空时
22、, 只要抓住双胞胎非常相像这一特点, 就很容易理解其中发生的事情了。(A)1. A. in B. for C. on D. with【解析】A。“给某人穿（衣服）”应为dress sb. in。(B)2. A. badder B. worse C. good D. better 【解析】B 根据下文可知野营中的情况比平时更糟糕.。(C)3. A. all boys B. another boyC. all the other boysD. all the boys 【解析】C。the other加名词复数表示“剩余的所有的人”。(C)4. A. day B. holiday C. night
23、D. mid-night 【解析】C。睡袋应用于夜间。(A)5. A. called B. knew C. told D. made 【解析】A。“称呼某人”用call sb. 。(D)6. A. didnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. couldnt 【解析】D。(C)7. A. very B. each C. both D. all【解析】C。根据后面的系动词were, 应用both表复数。(B)8. A. middle schoolB. collegeC. high school D. school【解析】B。根据上下文可知, 直到大学, 这种情况才有所改变。(D)9.
24、 A. holidays B. week C. weekend D. holiday【解析】D。指中学生涯的最后一个假期。(B)10. A. received B. got C. find D. made 【解析】B。“找到一份工作”可用get/find a job, 但此处应用过去时。(A)11. A. off B. free C. on D. back【解析】A。have a week off 休息一个星期。(D)12. A. came B. will get C. got D. are 【解析】D。只有D项时态正确。(B)13. A. miss B. lose C. lost D. lo
25、sing 【解析】B。(D)14. A. coat B. shirt C. shoes D. trousers【解析】D。(A)15. A. None B. Nobody C. All D. Each【解析】A。没有一个人看出这时双胞胎交换了一下。B项不可带of。完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。【记叙文】(2013湖北)Zigfried，a little mouse，blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside.S
26、till nobody came.Maybe today, he thought_1_.It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle(奇迹)This farmhouse had been_2_too long.It needed a family.Zigfrieds_3_made a noise.He realized that he hadnt eaten anything since yesterday.He jumped from the windowsill(窗沿), grabbed
27、a_4_from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mikes.Farmer Mikes house had been a great place for the little mouse_5_the farmer married a wife who had a cat.Zigfried_6_when he thought of it.He looked around cautiously as he_7_into the room where grain was stored and was quite_8_as he filled his ba
28、g with wheat.He was turning to leave when suddenly he_9_a hot breath about his ear.His heart beat_10_，and without thinking he started to run and luckily_11_the cats paws (爪子)The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a_12_family would be moving into the farmhouse soon.Zigfrieds granny would a
29、rrive on Christmas Eve to_13_with him.He hoped that the family would come before his granny came.Before long, a car came_14_the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate.Zigfrieds Christmas miracle did arrive!The house came_15_the next few days.Zigfried_16_every single
30、hour of them._17_， the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a_18_smile at the door of his home, he heard the_19_of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas.What? A cat? The_20_froze on his face; his mouth fell wide open.After a long while, he at last
31、 found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this？”1A.carefully Bexcitedly Chopefully Dproudly解析考查副词辨析。由下一句可知，Zigfried在等待奇迹的发生，再由前面“still nobody came，Maybe today，”可知“满怀希望地想”更符合语境。A项意为“仔细地；小心地”；B项意为“兴奋地”；C项意为“满怀希望地”；D项意为“骄傲地”。故选C项。答案C2A.shabby Bnoisy Cmessy Dempty解析考查形容词辨析。A项意为“破旧的”；B项意为“吵闹的”；C
32、项意为“混乱的”；D项意为“空的”。由句意“这一个农舍好久_了，它需要一个家庭”可知房子是空的。故选D项。答案D3A.mouth Bnose Cstomach Dthroat解析句意：Zigfried的肚子发出声音，他意识到他从昨天开始没吃一点东西了。故选C项。答案C4A.bag Bstick Cbowl Dcoat解析考查名词辨析。句意：他从窗沿跳下来，从家里抓起一个袋子，去了隔壁的农民Mike家。下文8题后的he filled his bag with wheat有暗示，故选A项。答案A5A.although Buntil Cwhereas Dunless解析考查连词辨析。句意：农民Mik
33、e的房子对于这只小老鼠来说是一个好地方，直到他娶了一位养着猫的太太。A项意为“虽然”；B项表示“直到”；C项意为“而，可是”；D项意为“除非”。故选B项。答案B6A.leapt Bsniffed Ctrembled Dwithdrew解析句意：当他想到这一点，他就发抖。A项意为“跳跃”；B项意为“以鼻吸气”；C项意为“发抖”；D项意为“撤退”。由句意知C项正确。答案C7A.broke Bmarched Cpaced Dstole解析句意：他小心地环顾四周偷偷地潜入存放谷物的房间。A项意为“打破”；B项意为“行军，游行”；C项意为“踱步”；stole into意为“偷偷的进入”。故选D项。答案D
34、8A.curious Bnervous Cpitiful Dsensible解析考查形容词辨析。句意：他往口袋里装小麦时很紧张。A项意为“好奇的”；B项意为“紧张的”；C项意为“同情的”；D项意为“识别力强的，合理的”。故选B项。答案B9A.took Breleased Cfelt Ddrew解析考查动词辨析。句意：他正要转身离开，突然感到耳旁有呼吸。故选C项。答案C10A.strongly Birregularly Cslowly Dwildly解析考查副词辨析。A项意为“强烈地”；B项意为“不规则地；不经常地”；C项意为“慢地”；D项意为“疯狂地；狂野地”。根据语境可知他的反应为心在狂跳，
35、故答案为D项。答案D11A.escaped Bseized Crubbed Dscratched解析句意：幸运的是，他逃脱了猫的爪子。A项意为“逃跑”；B项意为“抓住”；C项意为“擦”；D项意为“刮；划”。故选A项。答案A12A.close Bhappy Cnew Dyoung解析考查形容词辨析。句意：第二天下午，Zigfried听到一个好消息：一家新主人将很快搬到这个农舍里。故选C项。答案C13A.celebrate BcommunicateCcompete Dcompromise解析考查动词辨析。句意：Zigfried的奶奶将在圣诞节前夕到来与他一起庆祝(节日)。A项意为“庆祝”；B项意为
36、“交流”；C项意为“竞争”；D项意为“妥协”。故选A项。答案A14A.across Bfrom Coff Dup解析考查介词辨析。句意：不久，一辆车沿着通往这个房子的路开过来了，带来了黄油三明治、奶酪和巧克力。up the road表示沿着这条路，故选D项。答案D15A.alive Bloose Copen Dstill解析句意：在接下来的几天里，这个房子恢复了生机。A项表示“有生机的；有活力的”；B项意为“松散的”；C项意为“打开的”；D项意为“静止的”。A项符合语境。答案A16A.counted Benjoyed Cmissed Dwasted解析考查动词辨析。由下一句中he was dr
37、inking hot chocolate可知他享受每一个小时，故选enjoy。A项意为“数”；C项意为“错过”；D项意为“浪费”。答案B17A.However BInstead CMoreover DTherefore解析考查副词辨析。由接下来的内容可知，这家中的孩子将得到一只猫作为礼物，Zigfried的好日子到头了，因此此处表示转折关系，故选A项。答案A18A.bitter Bforced Cpolite Dsatisfied解析考查形容词辨析。原来经常挨饿的Zigfried现在喝着hot chocolate，脸上肯定是满意的微笑。A项意为“痛苦的”；B项意为“强迫的”；C项意为“礼貌的”
38、；D项意为“满意的”。故选D项。答案D19A.introduction BdiscussionCcomment Ddebate解析考查名词辨析。句意：他听到了孩子们对于圣诞节礼物的讨论。A项意为“介绍”；B项意为“讨论”；C项意为“评论”；D项意为“辩论；争论”。由句意知选B项。答案B20A.blood Bsmile Ctear Dsweat解析考查名词辨析。由18题后的smile可知此处应选smile。句意：他脸上的微笑僵住了，他的嘴张得很大。答案B完形填空-文体技法归纳记叙文是一种以记叙为主要表达方式的文体。它主要分为记人、叙事、写景几个方面，包括幽默故事、名人传记、逸闻趣事等。如果文章交
39、代了when，where，who，what，how这五个要素，那么文章就是记叙文。为了测试考生对语篇的理解能力，命题人会特别注意选材的趣味性。记叙文的结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味。做题时，考生可以从以下几点进行突破。1重视首句，把握全篇叙事性文章往往在第一句就会把事情发生的时间、地点等交代清楚或者对所要叙述的事情的性质、特征加以描述，这为我们理解文章提供了一个“窗口”。所以考生应充分重视首句的指导作用，利用它找到解题突破口，应“先完意，再完形”，即把握了全篇大意之后，再逐空试填。2理清线索，找准方向记叙文一般按事件发展的时间或空间顺序来叙述，有时用倒叙手法。因此，我们在做题时可以首先抓住表示时间顺序的词，且要理清人物之间的关系，弄清楚人物各自所做的事情，准确理解文章。3利用语境，揣摩心态高考完形填空题逐渐摒弃对语法的考查，朝着深层化和语境化的方向发展，因此考生要借助上下文语境来揣摩作者对文章中各个角色、各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，考生应该通过字里行间的内容体会主人公的心理活动，弄懂主人公对人物或事件的态度，身临其境，与主人公的思维保持一致。
