1、 Unit 4 Earthquakes【题目优选】假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信询问四川九寨沟地震的情况，并表达了要去灾区当志愿者的愿望。请你给他回信，主要内容包括：1多座建筑物被毁，多处道路被阻，大量人员被困在废墟中，24人遇难，500多人受伤；2当地政府积极组织救援，政府要求务必以最有效的方法发放慰问金并进行灾后重建；3委婉阻止Tom去灾区当志愿者，同时说明理由。参考词汇：慰问金consolation money注意：1.词数100左右；2信的开头和结尾已给出。Dear Tom，_Yours sincerely，Li Hua【经典范文】Dear_Tom，Thank you very
2、much for your concern over the earthquake in Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province. Now Im writing to tell you something about it.As far as I know, many buildings fell down and were destroyed, the ways to the county were blocked and lots of people were trapped under the ruins in the earthquake. Beside
3、s, 24 people were killed, and more than 500 people were injured. The local government actively organized the rescue and demanded to give out consolation money in the most effective way and rebuild their homes.I know you are eager to help the people in need there. But in my opinion, you dont need to
4、go there in person, because it will be hard for you to communicate with people there. After all, you speak a different language. Anyway, thank you.Yours_sincerely，Li_Hua【名师点拨】本文结构严谨，表述清楚明了。短语as far as I know, fall down, give out等的运用，显示出作者扎实的词汇功底，且高级句式You are eager to help . 和it will be hard for you
5、to communicate with people there的运用，又彰显出了作者熟练驾驭语言的能力。1核心单词(1)burst (vi.) 爆裂；爆发 (n.) 突然破裂；爆发burst (过去式/过去分词)(2)ruin (n.) 废墟；毁灭 (vt.) 毁灭；使破产(3)injure (vt.) 损害；伤害injury (n.) 伤害；损害injured (adj.) 受伤的(4)destroy (vt.) 破坏；毁坏；消灭destruction (n.) 破坏；摧毁(5)shock (vt. & vi.) (使)震惊；震动 (n.) 休克；打击；震惊shocking (adj.)
6、令人震惊的shocked (adj.) 震惊的(6)rescue (n. & vt.) 援救；营救(7)trap (vt.) 使陷入困境 (n.) 陷阱；困境trapped (过去式/过去分词)(8)bury (vt.) 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏buried (过去式/过去分词)(9)frighten (vt.) 使惊吓；吓唬frightened (adj.) 受惊的；受恐吓的frightening (adj.) 令人恐惧的(10)congratulation (n.) 祝贺；(复数)贺词congratulate (vt.) 祝贺(11)judge (n.) 裁判员；法官 (vt.) 断定；判断；判决
7、judgement (n.) 判断力；识别力(12)express (vt.) 表示；表达 (n.) 快车；速递expression (n.) 表达；表情2阅读单词(1)nation (n.) 民族；国家；国民 (2)suffering (n.) 苦难；痛苦 (3)extreme (adj.) 极度的 (4)useless (adj.) 无用的；无效的；无益的 (5)electricity (n.) 电；电流；电学 (6)disaster (n.) 灾难；灾祸 (7)shelter (n.) 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 (8)damage (n. & vt.) 损失；损害 (9)sincerely
8、(adv.) 真诚地；真挚地 【即景活用】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1Larry told her that she should not move in case she _ (injure) her neck.答案：injured2When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in _ (ruin)答案：ruins3A sudden stop can be a very _ (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling
9、 at high speed.答案：frightening4Water had gone into the radio, and it was completely _ (use)答案：useless5The art world gave me a chance _ (express) myself without words.答案：to express6Natalies school was so _ (damage) that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.答案：damaged7I _ (sincere) hope y
10、ou can accept my apologies and understand my situation.答案：sincerely8His shoes are so _ (dirt) that he must brush them.答案：dirty9Ive known him for years and I trust his _ (judge)答案：judgement10It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene _ (rescue) the survivors of the plane crash.答案：to res
11、cue联想积累1“自然灾害”单词荟萃disaster n. 灾难；不幸earthquake n. 地震drought n. 旱灾；干旱flood n. 洪水；水灾eruption n. (火山)喷发hurricane n. 飓风tsunami n. 海啸2“AAA”式不规则变化动词burstburstburst 爆发castcastcast 投；抛costcostcost 值；花费cutcutcut 割hithithit 打中hurthurthurt 损伤letletlet 让putputput 放；放下readreadread 读；阅读ridridrid 去掉setsetset 安放shut
12、shutshut 关闭splitsplitsplit 分裂spreadspreadspread 展开；传播3“adj. ityn.”荟萃electricity 电popularity 受欢迎；流行reality 现实similarity 相似点security 安全equality 平等nationality 国籍personality 个性activity 活动majority 大多数1dig_out 掘出；发现2judging_from/by 从判断3right_away 立刻；马上4think_little_of 轻视；认为没什么了不起5a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量
13、的6as_if 仿佛；好像7be proud of 以为自豪 8at an end 结束；终结 9in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 10be trapped in 陷入 11be buried in 埋头于 12burst out 爆发 【即景活用】用所给短语的适当形式填空right away， judging from， burst out， a great number of， at an end， as if1I felt a little dizzy, _ I had just woken from a long sleep.答案：as if2_ what you say in y
14、our letter, you dont get along well with your classmates.答案：Judging from3The poor woman _ crying at the news.答案：burst out4Its reported that _ people were rescued from under the ruins.答案：a great number of5He rose to indicate that the conversation was _ .答案：at an end6You dont look well. Youd better go
15、 and see a doctor _ .答案：right away联想积累1“inn.”短语大荟萃in turn 依次；轮流；相应地in total 总计in time 及时；适时in place 在合适的位置；准备就绪in danger 在危险中in trouble/difficulty 处于困境中in sight 看得见；在视线之内in order 秩序井然；整齐in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪in return 作为报答；回报in need 急需；缺乏in public 公开地2表示“立刻；马上”的词语荟萃right awayat onceimmediatelyright nowi
16、n no timeinstantly3“埋头于；专心于”的多种表达be lost inbe occupied inbe devoted tobe buried inbe absorbed inapply oneself to1In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食了。2Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切几乎都被毁了。【句式仿写】1If you adm
17、it that life is full of beauty, be never _ (太忙碌不能享受) the wonder of life.答案：too busy to enjoy2The dog followed him _ (无论在哪里) the old man went.答案：everywhere/wherever/no matter where联想积累too . to . 结构too . to . “太而不能”，表示否定意义。only/just/but too . to . “非常去做”too前的 only/just/but 不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气。too后面
18、的形容词为表示心情或描绘性形容词的时候，如：happy, pleased, willing, thankful, delighted, anxious, eager, kind, good等，表示肯定意义，意为“很，非常”。too . to . 中的too前面有never/cant等时，此结构为双重否定表示肯定。cant be tooadj./cant beadj.enough . “越越好；再也不为过”。单词点津burstvi. 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发教材原句In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burs
19、t.在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。(1)burst in 突然闯进；突然出现burst into . 闯入；突然开始burst out 突然迸发；爆发；突然激动地喊叫burst into laughterburst out laughing 突然大笑起来burst into tearsburst out crying 突然大哭起来(2)a burst of 一阵a burst of laughter 一阵大笑【特别提醒】burst into与burst out都有“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”的意思，但burst into后面接名词，burst out后面接动名词。【即景活用】完成句子
20、Youre about to _ at some moment and you dont even know why.在某个时候，你总有种想哭的冲动，却不知道为什么。Suddenly the door opened and a group of children _ .突然门开了，一群孩子闯了进来。We were standing there when we saw _ at the end of the road.我们正站在那儿，这时我们看见马路尽头火光冲天。答案：burst into tears/burst out cryingburst ina burst of flamesruinn.
21、 废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产教材原句In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的十五秒钟之内，一座大城市变成了废墟。(1)in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪bring . to ruin 使毁灭；使没落fall in/into ruin 成为废墟(2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉【即景活用】完成句子Ever since the earthquake, this temple has been _ .自从地震以来，这座寺庙一直是废墟一片。It rai
22、ned for two weeks, which completely _ .一连下了两周雨，彻底毁了我们的假期。Wasting time doing nothing is _ .什么事也不做，会毁掉你自己。答案：in ruinsruined our holidayto ruin yourselfinjurevt. 损害；伤害；损坏(名誉)；伤害(感情)教材原句Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.2/3的人在地震中死去或受伤。(1)be/get injured 受伤(2)injured adj. 受伤的；受委
23、屈的the injured 伤者；伤员(作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)(3)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人【即景活用】完成句子Youll enjoy running much more if you dont _ .如果不受伤你将会更好地享受跑步。A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed _ to the hospital.在十字路口发生了可怕的事故，救护车把伤者火速送到医院。Be careful lifting
24、that heavy boxyoull do _ .抬那个重箱子要小心你会弄伤自己的。答案：get injuredthe injuredyourself an injuryshockvt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动n休克；打击；震惊教材原句Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked.井里充满了沙子而不是水。人们都震惊了。(1)in shock 吃惊地；震惊地(2)shocked adj. (主语多为人)吃惊的；震惊的be shocked by 让震惊/打击(3)shocking adj. (主语多为物)令人难以
25、置信的；惊人的【即景活用】单句语法填空When I told them the whole thing, they were all _ shock, and they couldnt believe it.She was taken to hospital, apparently _ (shock)The reason for this _ (shock) attack seemed to be racial hatred.答案：inshockedshockingjudgen. 法官；裁判员vt. 判断；断定；判决教材原句Your speech was heard by a group of
26、 five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。(1)judging from/by . 根据来判断(2)judge sb./sth. from/by . 以来判断某人/某物judge sb./sth. (to be) . 判定某人/某物为(3)judgement n. 判断；审判；判断力【特别提醒】judging from/by . 置于句首作状语。v. ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally spe
27、aking “一般来说”，frankly speaking “坦白地说”，considering . “考虑到”。【即景活用】单句语法填空Never judge a book _ its cover._ (judge) from his breathing, he probably had a few broken ribs as well.It was due to luck rather than _ (judge) that the driver succeeded in avoiding the accident.答案：byJudgingjudgement短语点拨at an end 结
28、束；终结教材原句It seemed as if the world was at an end!好像世界末日到了！(1)at the end of 在尽头；在末端by the end of 到结束时；到时候为止(常与完成时连用)in the end 最后；终于(2) 使结束come to an end 完成；结束(3)make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出(4)end up with 以结束end up doing sth.以而告终【即景活用】完成句子The meeting was nearly _ when I got to the meeting room.当我到
29、达会议室时，会议快要结束了。I love how people can seem so different, but _ so similar.我喜欢人们看起来是多么不同，但最终却是如此相似。Go straight and youll find the hospital _ .一直往前走，你会在这条路的尽头找到那家医院。Our discussion _ because of her sudden arrival.她的突然到来终止了我们的讨论。答案：at an endend up beingat the end of the roadcame to an enda (great) number
30、of 许多；大量的教材原句Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。(2)the number of可数名词复数单数谓语动词不可数名词【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空As China develops fast and steadily, a number of foreigners _ (learn) Chinese as a second language.A great deal of money _ (donat
31、e) to a university by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil _ (wash) away.答案：are learningwas donatedare being washed(2)单句改错The number of rich people have admitted that despite their success, they arent happy._答案：TheA句型与语法教材原句
32、It seemed as if the world was at an end!世界似乎到了末日！(1)It seems/seemed as if . 看样子好像Itseems/seemed (to sb.)that . (对某人来说)好像；似乎seem (to be) adj./现在分词/过去分词/介词短语好像seem to do/be doing/have done 好像要做/在做/已经做了There seems/seemed to be . 好像有(2)此处as if引导表语从句。(3)as if也可以引导状语从句。如果as if引导的从句表示是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈
33、述语气。(4)当从句中说话人所陈述的是不真实的或者极少可能发生或者存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词的形式如下表：与现在事实相反从句时态用一般过去时(be动词常用were)与过去事实相反从句时态用过去完成时与将来事实相反从句谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形”【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空When a chopstick is partly in water, it seems as if it _ (be) broken.I dont feel myself today. I seem _ (catch) a cold.答案：wereto have caught(
34、2)完成句子_ something is wrong with the telephone.看来这电话有点毛病。答案：It seems as if教材原句All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。all . notnot all . 部分否定，也称半否定。具有总括意义的代词(each, everybody, everything, all, both等)、形容词(complete, whole等)和副词(completely, always, wholly, altogether等)与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”。而no, none, neve
35、r, nobody, neither, nothing, no more, no longer等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用构成了全部否定。【即景活用】(1)完成句子_ the efforts will be harvested, but all the harvest must be paid.不是所有的付出都会有所收获，但所有的收获都必须有付出。He told me all pieces of the news, but _ was very exciting.他告诉了我所有的消息，但没有一条激动人心的。答案：Not allnone(2)单句改错I love running, but n
36、o everybody is born to be a runner._I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with something._答案：nonotsomethingeverything教材原句You speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。(1)这是一个含有两个从句的复合句，all of whom引导
37、一个非限制性定语从句，其中whom指代five judges；而agreed后面跟了一个that引导的宾语从句。在定语从句中，(2)在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose, as等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。关系词通常有三个作用：连接主从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。关系代词的基本用法：指代对象指代人指代物使用情况主语who, thatwhich, that从句中缺少主语宾语whom, thatwh
38、ich, that从句中缺少宾语定语whosewhose先行词与空后的名词有所属关系【即景活用】单句语法填空About 100 people attended the meeting, most of _ I was not familiar with.All the presents _ your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.He was late for the opening ceremony, _ was very surprising to me.Lu Xun, _ real name is Zhou Sh
39、uren, wrote many political novels and essays.答案：whomthatwhichwhoseA terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28, 1976, in _1_thousands of people died and many were injured. Many houses fell down and sand _2_(fill) the wells instead of water. People were _3_(great) shocked. All the electr
40、icity in the city was cut _4_and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last. The whole city was completely _5_ (destroy) and it seemed as if the world was at an _6_ . The people of Tangshan didnt lose hope, because 150,000 soldiers were sent _7_(help) the rescue workers. The soldiers tr
41、ied their best to dig out those who _8_(trap). They also built shelters for the survivors. Fresh water was taken to the city by every means. _9_(slow), the city began to come back to life. _10_ was said that before the quake, strange things were happening in the countryside. The water in the village
42、 wells rose and fell. Fish jumped out of the ponds. Strange noises were heard in the sky, but people thought little of them.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 答案：1.which2.filled3.greatly4.off5.destroyed6end7.to help8.were trapped9.Slowly10.It.单句语法填空1I _ (trap) in the heavy rain on the way to sc
43、hool yesterday.答案：was trappedbe trapped in “被困在”。2After she heard the news, there was an excited _ (express) on her face.答案：expression由空前的“an excited”可知，应填名词 expression “表情”。3When a fire broke out at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings _ (destroy)答案：were destroyed动词de
44、stroy “毁灭；毁掉”，此处表被动，且指过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。4The meeting came to _ end and he set down many key points.答案：ancome to an end “结束”。5Dont forget to praise them _ (sincere) when someone does something good.答案：sincerely副词 sincerely “真诚地”，在此处修饰动词praise。6He was replaced by another midfielder because of his
45、_ (injure)答案：injury由空前的his可知，应填名词injury “受伤；伤害”。7Thank you for your letter conveying _ (congratulate) on my appointment.答案：congratulations由空前的现在分词conveying可知，应填名词。congratulation “祝贺”，且常用复数形式。8The news of the sudden death of the young famous pianist came this morning, which made his fans _ (shock)答案：
46、shocked此处形容词shocked “感到震惊的”作宾语补足语。9The government thinks _ (high) of his invention because it will benefit the whole country.答案：highlythink highly of “高度评价”，是固定搭配。10In a hurry, we arrived at a cabin in the mountain to shelter _ the rain.答案：fromshelter from the rain “躲雨”。.单句改错1The stone was so heavy
47、for him to move, so he called his friends to help._答案：第一个sotootoo . to do “太而不能”。2The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, buried her head in the book in her hands._答案：buriedburying此处burying是现在分词作伴随状语。3Judged from his appearance, he seems to be rich._答案：JudgedJudgingjudging from . “由来判断”。4I th
48、ink there are the number of opportunities to get more energy._答案：theaa number of opportunities “许多机会”。5The news that Donald Trump was elected President of the USA made the whole world extreme shocked._答案：extremeextremelyextremely副词“极其，非常”，此处修饰形容词shocked。.语法填空The wives who lived within the walls of t
49、he Weinsberg Castle in Germany were well aware of the riches it held: gold, silver, jewels, and wealth beyond belief. Then the day came in 1140 AD when all their _1_ (value) treasure was threatened. Welf, the Duke of Bavaria, sat _2_ (trap) inside his Weinsberg Castle. Outside the castle walls lay t
50、he army of Frederick, the Duke of Swabia, _3_ his brother, the Emperor Konrad, _4_ army had surrounded the castle and demanded the fortunes and the lives of the men within. Although the conquering commander had set a condition for the safe release of all the women and children, the wives in Weinsber
51、g refused _5_ (leave) without having their own condition met. They demanded that they be allowed to fill their arms _6_ as many possessions as they could carry out. Thinking that the women couldnt _7_ (possible) take much, they met their request.When the castle gates opened, the army outside was bro
52、ught to _8_ (tear): every woman was carrying her husband! Konrad assured the women of their husbands complete _9_ (safe) and freedom. He invited them all to a banquet and _10_ (make) peace with the Duke of Bavaria on terms much more favorable than expected.Afterwards, the castle was known for womens
53、 loyalty.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了德国Weinsberg城堡，该城堡以妇女的忠诚闻名于世。1valuable/invaluable考查词性转换。空处修饰名词treasure且表示“(极)宝贵的”，故用value的形容词形式valuable或invaluable。2trapped考查非谓语动词。动词trap和主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示“(已经)被困城堡之内”，故用过去分词trapped作主语补足语，表明主语的状态。3and考查连词。根据语境可知，该句中的“Frederick, the Du
54、ke of Swabia”和“his brother, the Emperor Konrad”之间是并列关系，故用and。4whose考查定语从句的引导词。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，army和先行词之间是所属关系，故用whose引导该定语从句。5to leave考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth.为固定短语，表示“拒绝做某事”，此处表示，城堡里的妇女要求满足她们的条件，否则就拒绝离开。6with考查介词。fill (sth.) with sth. 为固定用法，意为“用填满”，故填with。7possibly考查词性转换。空处修饰动词take，故用副词形式。8tea
55、rs考查名词的复数。tear为可数名词，此处构成固定搭配bring sb.to tears，意为“使某人流泪”，故用tear的复数形式tears。9safety考查词性转换。根据该句中的“complete . and freedom”可知，形容词complete修饰空处所填词，空处与名词freedom为并列关系，故用名词形式safety。10made考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“He invited them”及全文时态可知，此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。.短文改错Im writing this email to ask you for help. As an English s
56、ong lover, I have a strong desire to taking part in the English song contest to be held in next month. The song Ive decided to sing was Skyfall. To sing this song better, I am wondering if you could tell me anything about the background informations of the song. Whats more, could you spend some time
57、 listening to the song and giving myself some advice? Since youre native English speaker and expert in singing, I sincere hope you can give me a hand.I would appreciate it whether you could send me a reply at your earliest convenient. Thank you in advance.答案：Im writing this email to ask you for help
58、. As an English song lover, I have a strong desire to part in the English song contest to be held next month. The song Ive decided to sing Skyfall. To sing this song better, I am wondering if you could tell me about the background of the song. Whats more, could you spend some time listening to the s
59、ong and giving some advice? Since youre native English speaker and expert in singing, I hope you can give me a hand.I would appreciate it you could send me a reply at your earliest . Thank you in advance.难项分析：第二处：去掉next前的in考查介词。表示时间的名词前面有last, next等修饰时，前面不用介词。故将in去掉。第四处：anythingsomething考查代词。根据句意可知，
60、应该是告诉“我”“一些事情(something)”，而不是“任何事情(anything)”。故将anything改为something。第九处：whetherif考查连词。whether和if作“是否”讲，有时可以互换，但是此处应表示的是条件，意为“如果”，这时只能用if。故将whether改为if。单元加餐练.阅读理解AMandara seemed to know something big was about to happen. So she let out a yell, caught hold of her 2yearold daughter Kibibi and climbed u
61、p into a tree. She lives at the National Zoo in Washington DC.And on Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses said she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on. And shes not the only one. In the moments before the quake, an orangutan (猩猩) l
62、et out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter.“Its very different from their normal call，” said Brandie Smith, the zookeeper. “The lemurs (monkeylike animals of Madagascar) will sound an alarm if they see or hear something highly unusual.”But you cant see or hear an earthquake 15 min
63、utes before it happens, can you? Maybe you canif youre an animal. “Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing，” said Brandie Smith. “Thats part of their special abilities. Theyre more sensitive to the environment, which is how they survive.”Primates werent the only animals that seemed to
64、sense the quake before it happened. One of the elephants made a warning sound. And a huge lizard (蜥蜴) ran quickly for cover. The flamingoes (a kind of birds) gathered before the quake and stayed together until the shaking stopped.So what kind of vibrations (震动) were the animals picking up in the mom
65、ents before the quake? Scientist Susan Hough said earthquakes produce two types of wavesa weak “P” wave and then a much stronger “S” wave. The “P” stands for “primary”. And the “S” stands for “secondary”. She thinks the “P” wave might be what sets the animals off.Not all the animals behaved unusuall
66、y before the quake. For example, Smith said the zoos giant pandas didnt jump up until the shaking actually began. But many of the other animals seemed to know something was coming before it happened. “Im not surprised at all，” Smith said. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些动物的震前反应。1Why did Mandara act strangely
67、 one day?ABecause it sensed something unusual would happen.BBecause its daughter Kibibi was injured.CBecause it heard an orangutan let out a loud call.DBecause an earthquake had happened.答案：A细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一、二句“Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen. So . into a tree.”可知，她觉察到会发生非同寻常
68、的事。故选A。2According to Brandie Smith, _ .Amany animals hearing is sharpBearthquakes produce two types of wavesCprimates usually gather together before a quakeDhumans can also develop the ability to sense a quake答案：A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing， said Brandie Smith
69、.”可知，动物的听觉是很敏锐的。3Which animal seems unable to sense a quake?AA giant panda. BA flamingo.CA lemur. DA lizard.答案：A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Smith said the zoos giant pandas didnt jump up until the shaking actually began.”可知，大熊猫在地震之前是没有异常反应的。故选A。4What is the best title for the passage?AHow animals survive a quake
70、BHow animals differ from humansCHow animals behave before a quakeDHow animals protect their young in a quake答案：C标题判断题。本文主要说的是地震发生前一些动物的表现。故选C。BOn April 14th, 2010, my entire life changed in an instant. One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine. The next moment, metal, flesh and bone were
71、 spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash. Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life, another disaster also occurred on April 14th, 2010. It cost the airline industry $1.7 billi
72、on. Ten million travelers were stuck for days. Economies all over the world were disturbed. This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, one of Icelands many volcanoes.However, volcanoes are not all bad. In fact, they are necessary. They are responsible for the birth of new earth, and for the creation
73、 of rich soil. This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily. But cancelling 48% of the worlds flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere, temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint.Similarly, the accident had badly affected
74、 my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I never would have realized. I learned how not to judge myself for my new limitations.In 1973, another Icelandic volcano, Eldfell, broke out. Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it
75、froze and chose a different path. After their plan worked they used the geothermal (地热) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes. A good example of life bringing lemons, and making lemonade! One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the futu
76、re. I ran from April 14th, 2010, to every kind of escape. Eventually I ended up in university for a newfound love in Earth sciences.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。这是一篇关于从灾难中获得启示的文章，主要讲了虽然发生在作者生命当中的灾难事故给其带来了巨大的冲击，但作者也从中得到启示：要在灾难中前进，在灾难中看到希望。5What happened to the writer on April 14th, 2010?AHe was involved in a car
77、crash.BHe was stuck in Icelands airport.CHe witnessed a volcanic eruption.DHe was badly injured on a bike ride.答案：D细节理解题。根据文中第一段第二、三句“One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine. The next moment, metal, flesh, and bone were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash.”可知，作者在前一时刻还在
78、快乐地穿越阳光骑行，下一时刻就发生了震耳欲聋的车祸，金属、血肉、还有骨头在人行道上横飞，所以作者是在骑车过程中严重受伤。故选D。6Which was an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull?AEconomy was cost globally by the eruption.BCarbon dioxide was increased temporarily.CThe earth in Ireland was terribly polluted.DMost of the worlds planes were held up.答案：A细节理解题。
79、根据文中第二段最后两句“Economies all over the world were disturbed. This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, one of Icelands many volcanoes.”可知，Eyjafjallajokull火山的爆发，使得全球的经济受到了打击。故选A。7Why did the writer mention the Eldfell volcano?AIt broke out in Iceland on April 14th as well.BIt symbolized the accident tha
80、t changed his life.CIt encouraged him to know more about himself.DIt told us to make the most of given situation.答案：D推理判断题。根据文中倒数第二段最后一句“One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.”可知，提到Eldfell火山是为了告诉人们在不幸当中继续前行，关注于现在，寄希望于未来。故选D。8What is t
81、he best title for the passage?AInspiration from disastersBEscape from volcanoesCLove for Earth sciencesDAttitude towards nature答案：A标题判断题。文中前两段讲述了让“我”生活遭受重击的两个灾难，接着从第三段开始描述这些人为事故及自然灾难的积极意义，接着又举例说明了Eyjafjallajokull火山以及Eldfell火山的爆发带来的益处，最后告诉我们要着眼于现在，在灾难中前行，看到未来的希望。生活中的不幸给作者深深的启迪。故选A。.七选五How to Deal wit
82、h Being Indoors During an EarthquakeWould you know what to do if you are indoors during an earthquake? Many modern buildings made of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) are designed to withstand moderate earthquakes and are actually quite safe. _1_ Stay indoors. Do not move outside. _2_ Going outside i
83、s when people get injured from things falling off the building or other buildings._3_ Drop before the earthquake drops you. Use the “Drop, Cover and Hold” methoddrop onto the ground, take cover under a strong and sturdy object and cover your head with your hands and arms. Hold onto whatever you migh
84、t be underneath, because if it starts to move, youll want to make sure that youre moving with it.Get under something heavy. _4_ If possible, get under something heavy like a desk or table. Cover your head. Get down low and make sure that you are protected from things that might be falling in your ho
85、me.Find other supports if you cannot shelter under something. If youre not able to get under a table or other forms of protection, get next to an interior wall. Make yourself as small as possible. Cover your head and protect yourself while the shaking is going on.Stay in bed if you are there already
86、. If an earthquake starts while you are in bed, the best thing is to stay there. Cover your head and neck with your pillow and ride out the shaking. _5_ It has been reported that people who get out of bed during an earthquake are more likely to be injured as they may step on broken glass.ADrop onto
87、the ground.BFind a heavy desk quickly.CEarthquakes lead to many disasters.DDo not get out of bed until the shaking stops.EThis simple howto will bring you up to speed quickly.FIt is unlikely that you will be able to walk during an earthquake.GSteps and lifts are actually more dangerous than staying
88、indoors.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如果在发生地震时你在室内的话应该怎么做。1E下文的各个小标题概述了具体的建议，由此可知选E项，引出下文。2G空格处上文讲地震时不要外出，G项顺接上文，解释其原因。3A空格处是本段主题句。从内容看，该段主要讲述地震发生时，要蹲在地上，躲避在坚固的物体下，用手和胳膊护住头。故选A项。4F本段主要讲述地震时要找到厚实的物体作为遮蔽物，防止落物伤人，F项解释其原因，说明为何要这样做。故选F项。5D由本段第二句中的“. in bed, the best thing is to stay there”及空后句子所述这样做的原因可知，空格处所填句子应进一
89、步强调待在床上等待地震结束，D项所述符合前后语境。.语法填空Nobel Prize in Literature for 2013 is awarded to the Canadian author Alice Munro, “master of the contemporary short story”Canadas Alice Munro_1_ (call) the “master of the contemporary short story”won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature, the Swedish Royal Academy of Scien
90、ces announced Thursday.The prize committee compared the 82yearold author _2_ Anton Chekhov, the 19th century Russian _3_ is considered one of the greatest short story writers in history.Shes the first Canadianbased writer _4_ (win) the literature award. Saul Bellow, who won it in 1976, was born in Q
91、uebec but moved to the United States as a child and is regarded as _5_ US author.Munro is the 13th woman to receive the literature prize.“On behalf of all Canadians，” Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper said in a tweet, “_6_ (congratulation) to Alice Munro.”After the prestigious award _7_ (announ
92、ce), the Nobel committee said on Twitter that it hadnt been able to contact Munro and left a phone message to tell _8_ the good news. But The Canadian Press contacted her, and she was quoted as saying the award was “quite wonderful” and she was “_9_ (terrible) surprised.”“I knew I was in the running
93、, yes, _10_ I never thought I would win，” she said, according to a Toronto Star story quoting The Canadian Press.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。诺贝尔奖官方宣布，2013年诺贝尔文学奖授予加拿大女作家艾丽斯门罗，颁奖词称其为“当代短篇小说大师”。1called考查非谓语动词。call和逻辑主语Alice Munro之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。2to考查介词。句意：组委会把这位82岁的女作者比作19世
94、纪俄国作家契诃夫。compare . to .“把比作”。3who考查定语从句的引导词。who引导定语从句，修饰“Anton Chekhov，the 19th century Russian”，并在从句中作主语。4to win考查非谓语动词。the first/second .n.，后要接不定式作定语。5a考查冠词。此处是泛指一位美国作家，应用不定冠词表泛指。6congratulations考查名词的复数。表示“祝贺”时，应用congratulation的复数形式。7was announced考查动词的时态和语态。announce和award之间是被动关系，且描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去
95、时的被动语态。8her考查人称代词。指代上文中提到的Munro。9terribly考查词性转换。修饰形容词(surprised)，应用副词。10but考查连词。句意：我知道我有希望，但我从来没想过会获奖。上下文之间是转折关系，应用but连接。.书面表达最近，我国地震频发，造成了不可挽回的损失，假如你是李华，要在班会上作报告，题目是“What to do if an earthquake happens？”注意：1.开头结尾已给出；2词数120左右。As we all know, an earthquake can cause great damage to us, so _Though we
96、cant stop earthquakes, we can reduce the damage that earthquakes bring us if we take right measures.标准范文As_we_all_know,_an_earthquake_can_cause_great_damage_to_us,_so how to take safety measures during an earthquake has become an important issue. Here are some guidelines to stay safe in earthquakes.
97、Firstly, dont be nervous and keep calm. Try to get into an open area away from trees, buildings, walls, signs, power lines and anything else that might fall on you if outdoors.Secondly, if you are indoors, move to a safe location in the room such as under a strong desk or table. Get next to an inter
98、ior wall if you cant get under a table or other forms of protection. Cover your head and neck with your arms. The goal is to protect yourself from falling objects. Avoid taking cover near windows, large mirrors or hanging objects.Thirdly, never take the stairs or the lift to go downstairs. The stairs are a likely part of the building to be damaged. Even if the stairs are not collapsed by the earthquake, they may collapse later when overloaded by fleeing people.Though_we_cant_stop_earthquakes,_we_can_reduce_the_damage_that_earthquakes_bring_us_if_we_take_right_measures.
