1、定时训练(8).专题特训(冠词与名词)一、根据语境用适当的冠词填空，不需填的，填“/”，然后熟读深思。1Because _ unemployment is very high at present，its not easy for a fresh graduate to find _ satisfying job as he wishes.解析unemployment是抽象名词，前面不用冠词。job是可数名词，用不定冠词泛指“一个令人满意的工作。”答案/；a2My flight was delayed because of _ heavy rain.But you are just in _
2、time for the discussion.解析引起我的航班延误应该是特指的一场大雨，所以第一空要用定冠词来限定，in time及时，准时，固定短语。答案the；/3I dont think the experiment is _ failure.At least we have gained _ experience for future success.解析failure表示失败的概念为抽象名词，前面不可用不定冠词。表示失败的人或事情就成了可数名词，前面用不定冠词。experience作经历讲为可数名词，作为经验讲为不可数名词。答案a；/4Jack had _ feeling of e
3、xcitement when hearing his article had been published in _ school magazine.解析have a feeling of为固定用法，意思是：有一种的感觉；第二空表特指。句意：听到自己的文章已经在校刊上发表，Jack有一种兴奋的感觉。答案a；the5I got _ bad toothache yesterday，which kept me awake _ whole night.解析get a toothache牙疼，是固定用法，而整个晚上(whole night)是特指昨天晚上，因此应该使用定冠词。我昨天晚上牙疼得厉害，整晚没
4、睡。答案a；the6Were going there by _ plane instead of on _ train.解析该题中plane与train均表示交通工具，前面有by不与冠词连用，而on与冠词连用。答案/；a7Italy is _ most attractive European country and how I wish I would go there for _ second time.解析考查冠词的用法。第一个空后的most不是构成最高级，而是“非常，很，十分”的意思，因此前面用不定冠词，a most attractive European country意为“一个非常迷
5、人的欧洲国家”；第二个空表示“又一，再一”，所以序数词前应用不定冠词。答案a；a8I dont know who invented _ telephone，but its really _ most wonderful invention.解析the telephone特指电话这类事物；a most wonderful invention意为“一项非常奇妙的发明”。答案the；a9George couldnt remember when he first met Mr.Anderson，but he was sure it was _ Sunday because everybody was
6、at _ church.解析一个星期天表述为a Sunday，be at church意为“在做礼拜”，不用冠词。答案a；/10(2014南阳两校联考)Keeping a diary is _ good habit，by which youll make _ great progress in writing.解析句意：写日记是一种好习惯，通过它你将在写作上取得很大进步。第一空habit是可数名词，根据句意可知此处表示泛指“一种好习惯”，应用不定冠词。第二空progress为不可数名词，前面不用冠词，make progress 意为“取得进步”。答案a；/11(2014咸阳二模)Have yo
7、u seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.It is _ black one? I found it in the corner.解析第一次提到某物用不定冠词，所以第一空填a；根据I found it in the corner这一信息，它表明说话者是拿着笔在与对方说话，故表特指，所以第二空填the。答案a；the12(2014昆明二模)The operation is _ success and the patient is now out of _ danger.解析句意：这次手术是成功的并且现在病人已脱离了危险。第一空属抽象名词具体化，第二空为固
8、定搭配。答案a；/13(2014无锡一模)The education of _ young is always _ hot and serious topic.解析the young意为“年轻人”，定冠词用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物； 第二空填不定冠词修饰名词topic，此处表泛指。答案the；a14China is _vast country which is home to _ amazing variety of landscapes，plants and animals.解析第一空表示“中国是一个样的国家”，是泛指的概念，因此填不定冠词；第二空是固定短语a variety of，只
9、是在variety前面加上了形容词amazing修饰它。答案a；an二、根据语境及汉语提示，填入适当的名词。1Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?Well，you know，English is my _(长处，强项)so it is my best choice.答案strength2Your _(表现) as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.答案performance3My f
10、irst _(印象) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.答案impression4The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they dont give you any direct _(解决)答案solution5The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us _(荣誉、信誉)in this summer game.答案honour.阅读理解A 体裁：
11、记叙文话题：寓言故事时间：6分钟Once upon a time，in a small city，there was an empty storybook.The book looked great，with an impressive cover，but all its pages were blank.Children and grownups would pick up the book，but finding no stories inside，they would cast the book aside.Not far from there，a lovely inkwell(墨水池)
12、 had been full of ink for years.His owner had forgotten about it.The inkwell and the storybook cursed their bad luck.One day when the book was thrown away，it ended up next to the inkwell.For days and days the two of them swapped stories about their bad luck.They could have carried on for years，if an
13、 elegant swan feather had not floated down and landed next to them.At first，the feather felt lonely and abandoned.He cried and cried，and the book and the inkwell joined in，letting out all their sadness at the years of neglect.However，unlike his companions，the feather soon tired of crying，and he reso
14、lved to improve the situation.Drying his tears，and leaving his complaints behind，he clearly saw how the three of them，working together，could achieve a lot more than just suffering.He convinced his friends to write a story.The storybook opened up his best pages，the inkwell didnt spill even a drop，and
15、 the feather contributed great ingenuity and beautiful writing.Together they managed to write a lovely story about three friends who helped each other to improve their lives.Then a young teacher passed by，head down and looking sad，wondering how he could keep his pupils attention.He found the storybo
16、ok，the inkwell and the feather.The teacher read the book，and found the story charming.He picked up the three artists，and continued on his way to school.When lessons began he told the story to his pupils，and they were all attentive.Every night from then on，feather，inkwell，and storybook got together a
17、nd wrote a new story for the young teacher.They felt so happy and proud at having managed to improve their fate.【语篇导读】空白书、墨水池和天鹅毛它们三个开始的时候都被遗弃了，它们抱怨，哭泣。但是有一天天鹅毛发现，他们可以合作将它们的故事写在书上，从而改变他们的命运。1Why was the book deserted at first?ABecause it was ugly.BBecause it looked great.CBecause it had an impressiv
18、e cover.DBecause there was nothing on its pages.解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话和第三句话The book looked great，with an impressive cover，but all its pages were blank.Children and grownups would pick up the book，but finding no stories inside，they would cast the book aside.可知人们发现书页上没有内容而将书抛弃。答案D2In the paragraph 2 the un
19、derlined word “cursed” probably means _Aswore BdemandedCsuggested Dcelebrated解析词义猜测题。根据文章当中出现的their bad luck以及He cried and cried，and the book and the inkwell joined in，letting out all their sadness at the years of neglect.可以推出curse的意思是“诅咒，抱怨”，故选A。答案A3Whats the main idea of the fourth paragraph?AThey
20、 worked together to cry for their sad fortune.BThey decided to leave the place.CThey made up their minds to be teachers.DThey worked together to make their life better.解析主旨大意题。第四段中讲到在天鹅毛的倡议下，他们共同努力把它们的故事写下来，从而改变了他们的生活，故选D。答案D4What can we learn from the article?AThe three became students in the young
21、 teachers class.BThe young teachers lessons were loved by the students.CThe young teacher became a writer.DThe young teacher became an artist.解析推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的When lessons began he told the story to his pupils，and they were all attentive.可以推出那位年轻教师的课受到了学生们的欢迎。文章中并没有提到书、墨水池和天鹅毛成为了那位年轻老师的学生或那位年轻教师成为
22、了作家和艺术家。答案BB 体裁：说明文话题：医疗科学时间：8分钟(2014济宁市月考)Researchers have been able to translate brain signals into speech using sensors attached to the surface of the brain for the first time.The breakthrough，which is up to 90 percent accurate，offers a way to communicate for paralyzed(瘫痪的，麻痹的)patients who cannot
23、 speak and could eventually lead to being able to read anyones thoughts.“We were beside ourselves with excitement when it started working，” said Professor Bradley Greger，a bioengineer at Utah University who led the team of researchers.“I would call it brain reading and we hope that in two or three y
24、ears it will be available for use for paralyzed patients.”The experimental breakthrough came when the team attached two buttonsized grids of 16 tiny electrodes(电极)to the speech centers of the brain of an epileptic(癫痫的)patient.The sensors were attached to the surface of the brain.The patient had had
25、part of his skull(颅骨)removed for another operation to treat his condition.Using the electrodes，the scientists recorded brain signals in a computer as the patient repeatedly read each of 10 words that might be useful to a paralyzed person：yes，no，hot，cold，hungry，thirsty，hello，goodbye，more and less.The
26、n they got him to repeat the words to the computer and it was able to match the brain signals for each word 76 percent to 90 percent of the time.The computer picked up the patients brain waves as he talked and did not use any voice recognition software.Because just thinking about a wordand not sayin
27、g itis thought to produce the same brain signals，Prof Greger and his team believe that soon they will be able to have translation device and voice box that repeats the word you are thinking.What is more，the brains of people who are paralyzed are often healthy and produce the same signals as those in
28、 ablebodied peopleit is just they are blocked by injury from reaching the muscle.The researchers said the method needs improvement，but could lead in a few years to clinical trials on paralyzed people who cannot speak due to socalled “lockedin” syndrome(闭锁综合症)“People who could eventually benefit from
29、 a wireless device that converts thoughts into computerspoken words include those paralyzed by stroke，disease and injury，” said Prof Greger.People who are now “locked in” often communicate with any movement they can makeblinking an eye or moving a hand slightlyto arduously pick letters or words from
30、 a list.However，the new device would allow them freedom to speak on their own.5Which of the following best describe Professor Bradley Greger in Paragraph 3?AJoyful and hopeful.BCautious and unsatisfied.CNegative and painful.DExhausted and busy.解析细节理解题。根据“We were beside ourselves with excitement when
31、 it started working”可知joyful，根据后面对前景的叙述可知hopeful。答案A6Why did the scientists make the patients repeatedly read some words?ABecause these words are easy to pronounce.BBecause these words are short and easy.CTo ensure they are useful and accurate.DTo find out the different sounds and waves.解析推理判断题。根据第五
32、段“that might be useful to a paralyzed person”以及第二段中“The breakthrough，which is up to 90 percent accurate”可知让病人不断重复有用的词汇可保证精确度高。答案C7According to the passage，who will benefit most from the research in the future?APeople who arent good at communicating.BParalyzed people.CPeople who suffer the “locked in
33、” syndrome.DPatient who suffer from an epileptic symptom.解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段以及最后两段综合可知。B项仅指瘫痪的病人，而该项技术目前是用于丧失说话能力的瘫痪病人，见第二段。答案C8The underlined word “arduously” in the last paragraph means _Aeconomically BdifferentlyCwith difficulty Dwith ease解析猜测词义题。根据后文“The new device would allow them freedom to speak on their own”推测。答案C9The passage is most probably taken from _Aa computer book Ban experiment reportCa medical journal Dan oral biography解析推理判断题。根据全文内容来看这是医学界的一个福音。答案C
