1、UNIT 5 FIRST AID课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点拟人修辞法拟人也是一种比喻，就是把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化，使语言生动、形象、更有感染力。一、好句欣赏1The stars danced playfully in the moonlit sky.星星在月色皎洁的天空中欢快地跳舞。2My alarm clock yells at me every morning.我的闹钟每天早上对我大喊大叫。3The wildfire ran through the forest at an amazing speed.野火以惊人的速度穿过森林
2、。4My stomach was punishing me for not eating on time.我的胃因我没有按时吃饭而在惩罚我。5His car suffered a severe stroke in the middle of the road, and refused to move forward.他的车在路中间遭到严重的一撞，不愿再向前开了。6Seeing such extraordinary beauty, I think every cell in my body woke up.看到如此非凡的美，我想我身体里的每个细胞都醒了。二、小试牛刀1She did not re
3、alize that opportunity was_knocking_at_her_door她没有意识到机会正在敲她的门。2Slowly, the city began_to_breathe_again慢慢地，这座城市又开始呼吸了(开始出现了生机)。3Time_flew and before we knew it, it was time for me to go home.时间飞逝，不知不觉中，我就该回家了。4The flowers were blooming, and the bees kissed_them_now_and_then花儿正在盛开，蜜蜂不时地亲吻它们。5New York
4、is the city that never_sleeps纽约是一个不夜城。6I could hear Hawaii calling_my_name我能听到夏威夷在呼唤我的名字。.阅读理解语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会研究发现在线抗抑郁治疗方案Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient and costsaving，a recent study reports that theyre not effective，primarily becau
5、se depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.The study looked at computerassisted cognitive (认知的)behavioural therapy (CBT) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.Traditional CBT is
6、considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression，helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their moods and behaviours. However，online CBT programs have gained in popularity，with the attraction of providing lowcost help wherever someone has
7、 access to a computer.A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (随机的) control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other tw
8、o groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs.Participants were balanced across the three groups for age，sex，educational background，severity and duration of depression，and use of antidepressants (抗抑郁药).After four months，the patients using the computerized CB
9、T programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.“Its an important，warning note that we shouldnt get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists，” says Chris Dowrick，a professor of Pr
10、imary Medical Care at the University of Liverpool. “We do still need the human touch or the human interaction，particularly when people are depressed.”“Being depressed can mean feeling lost in your own small，negative，dark world，” Dowrick says. Having a person，instead of a computer，reach out to you is
11、 particularly important in fighting that sense of isolation. “When youre emotionally fragile，youre even more in need of a caring human being，”he says.文章大意：本文主要介绍了最近的一项研究发现在线抗抑郁治疗方案效果不明显；文章还介绍了研究人员进行这项研究的相关情况，并分析了造成这种问题的原因。1What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?APatients may not be
12、 able to carry them through for an effective cure.BPatients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer.C.They can save patients the trouble of visiting physicians.DThey have been well received by a lot of patients.解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中的“theyre not effective.stick with them”以及第五段第一句中的“had n
13、o improvement in depression levels”可知，最近的研究表明，在实施在线CBT治疗方案时，病人可能无法成功完成方案以获得有效的治疗，故选A。2What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?ATheir effectiveness in combating depression.BThe low efficiency of traditional talk therapy.CTheir easy and inexpensive access to patients.DThe recommendation
14、 by primary care doctors.解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“However，online CBT programs have gained in popularity，with the attraction of providing lowcost help wherever someone has access to a computer.”可知，在线CBT治疗方案越来越受欢迎是因为这些治疗方案费用低且病人很容易就能获得治疗服务，故选C。3What is Professor Dowricks advice concerning online CBT progra
15、ms?AThey should not be neglected in primary care.BTheir effectiveness should not be overestimated.CThey should be used by strictly following instructions.D.Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists.解析：B考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“we shouldnt get too carried away.replace doctors and therapists
16、”并结合语境可知，Dowrick认为我们不能过于相信计算机系统能代替医生和治疗师这种说法。由此可以推知，Dowrick意在表明在线CBT治疗方案的效果不应该被高估。故选B。4Which is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?AA positive state of mind.BAppropriate medication.CTimely encouragement.DHuman interaction.解析：D考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段最后一句“We do still need.when people are depres
17、sed.”和倒数第一段第三句中的“When youre emotionally fragile，youre even more in need of a caring human being”可推知，对一个情感脆弱的人来说，与他人交流更重要。故选D。.完形填空语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与社会人际关系爱就是包容、容忍和支持(2021海南省天一联考第一次模拟)I work as a waiter at a restaurant.Last night an elderly couple came into the restaurant and my coworker _1_them.We usuall
18、y do our own tables, but because we were so_2_last night that we helped each other out.Then the elderly couple _3_ to me that they were ready to order.The husband began ordering and it was very clear that he had a_4_disorder.I could tell the wife had told her husband very extensively what she wanted
19、, as a way for him to_5_ ordering.It took a while for him to order, and in the meantime she was sitting there and she looked so proud and_6_despite her husbands immense stammering (结巴).Honestly, the whole thing just had a strong influence on me.It was beautiful and just made me _7_ that a huge part
20、of _8_ is acceptance, tolerance and support.She could have made the order and made things a lot _9_ for her husband and avoided the _10_ from other tables, but she didnt.Instead, she _11_ him and was proud to see him _12_ the order.This whole thing reminded me that life is _13_ for all of us.I assum
21、ed these wealthy people had everything going well for them and Im sure they do, but it just reminded me that all of us have our _14_I initially took their _15_of wanting to order as being rude, but I think they signaled it because he really wanted to get the order right.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者在餐馆工作的时候
22、，遇到一对老夫妻，丈夫患有语言障碍，但是妻子给予丈夫支持，让丈夫独立完成点菜。作者明白了爱就是包容、容忍和支持。1A.comfortedBseatedCaskedDignored解析：B句意：昨晚，一对老夫妇来到餐厅，我的同事给他们安排座位坐下。comforted安慰；使(痛苦等)缓和；seated向提供座位；(使)就座；asked要求；询问；ignored忽略；不理睬。根据后文“We usually do our own tables, but because we were so _ last night that we helped each other out.”可知，餐馆的工作人员每
23、个人都负责自己的桌子，照顾自己的顾客，但是昨晚餐馆应是很忙，同事之间会互相帮忙。这里表示作者的同事招待这两位老人坐下来。故选B项。2A.cautiousBanxiousClateDbusy解析：D句意：我们通常负责自己的桌子，但是因为我们昨晚太忙了，所以我们互相帮助。cautious谨慎的；小心的；anxious焦虑的；紧张的；late迟到的；晚的；busy忙碌的。根据后文“we helped each other out”可推知，作者他们互相帮助对方，说明那天客人多，餐馆的工作人员都比较忙。故选D项。3A.signaledBpointedCadjustedDappealed解析：A句意：然后
24、那对老夫妇示意他们可以点菜了。signaled发信号；示意；pointed指向；表明；adjusted调整；appealed吸引。根据后文“they were ready to order”可知，他们要点餐了，结合常识可知，应是用手势示意服务员。故选A项。4A.hearingBmindCspeechDsleep解析：C句意：丈夫开始点菜，很明显，他有语言障碍。hearing听力；听觉；mind精神；才智；speech演讲；说话的能力；sleep睡眠。根据后文“stammering(结巴)”可知，这位老人患有语言障碍。故选C项。5A.considerBenjoyCimagineDpractice
25、解析：D句意：我可以看出，这位妻子非常详细地告诉了她的丈夫她想要什么，作为他练习点菜的一种方式。 consider考虑；认为；enjoy喜欢；享受；imagine想象；practice练习。根据前文“I could tell the wife had told her husband very extensively what she wanted”可知，作者推测那位妻子很详细地告诉了她丈夫她想要什么，然后让结巴的丈夫点餐，应是想要通过点餐让他进行“说话”练习。故选D项。6A.awkwardBcontentCupsetDcurious解析：B句意：他点了一会儿菜，与此同时，她坐在那里，尽管她丈
26、夫结结巴巴地说个不停，她看上去是那么骄傲和满足。awkward令人尴尬的；使人难堪的；content满意的；upset心烦的；curious好奇的。与空前的“proud”并列，所选词表示妻子对丈夫的表现感到自豪和满意。故选B项。7A.realizeBexpectCwonderDadmit解析：A句意：它很美，让我意识到爱的很大一部分是接纳、宽容和支持。realize意识到；实现；expect期待；期望；wonder好奇；想知道；admit承认；接收；准许进入。根据前文“Honestly, the whole thing just had a strong influence on me.”可知
27、，整件事对作者有很大的影响，使作者有了新的认识。故选A项。8A.loveBpraiseCrewardDdream解析：A根据语境和后文“acceptance, tolerance and support”可知，接受、容忍和支持是作者从这对夫妇的点餐事件中获得的关于“爱”的认识。love热爱；爱；praise表扬；称赞；reward奖励；报酬；dream梦想。故选A项。9A.clearerBslowerCsaferDeasier解析：D句意：她本可以帮丈夫点餐，让事情变得容易一些，也可以避开其他桌位的目光，但她没有。clearer更清楚的；slower更慢的；safer更安全的；easier更容
28、易的。根据前文作者的假设“She could have made the order”可知，如果妻子点餐而不是结巴的丈夫点餐，事情会简单容易得多。故选D项。10A.congratulationsBcheersCwishesDstares解析：D结合语境以及根据空前的“avoided”和后面的“from other tables”可知，如果妻子点餐而不是结巴的丈夫点餐，就可以避免周围人们的目光了。congratulations祝贺；cheers欢呼；喝彩；wishes希望；祝愿；stares(尤指不友好或吃惊的)盯；凝视。故选D项。11A.protectedBsupportedCevaluate
29、dDurged解析：B句意：相反，她支持他，并为他完成点餐而感到自豪。protected保护；supported支持；供养；evaluated评价；评估；urged敦促；鼓动。根据前文“It took a while for him to order, and in the meantime she was sitting there and she looked so proud”可知，丈夫点餐虽然耗时较长，但是妻子是感到骄傲的，由此可知，她是支持他的。故选B项。12A.completeBacceptCtakeDobey解析：A根据前文“It took a while for him to
30、order”可知，丈夫在结巴的情况下完成了点餐。complete结束；完成；accept接受；take拿走；花费；obey遵守。故选A项。13A.valuableBdifficultCunfairDpeaceful解析：B句意：这整件事提醒我生活对我们所有人来说都很艰难。valuable有价值的；珍贵的；difficult困难的；unfair不公平的；peaceful平静的；和平地。结合语境可知，后文的“these wealthy people”应是指像作者招待的这对老年夫妇一样的人，且根据后文“I assumed these wealthy people had everything goi
31、ng well for them”可知，作者原本认为这些富人一切顺利，但通过点餐事件，作者意识到每个人都有自己的问题和困难。故选B项。14A.strengthsBproblemsCfearsDmistakes解析：B句意：我以为这些有钱人都过得很好，我也确信他们是这样的，但这提醒了我，我们每个人都有自己的问题。strengths力量；长处；problems问题；fears害怕；mistakes错误。根据前文“This whole thing reminded me that life is _ for all of us.”可知，这件事提醒了作者生活对于所有人来说都不容易，因此本句呼应前文，应
32、是表达“每个人都有自己的问题”。故选B项。15A.commandBopinionCgestureDpurpose解析：C句意：一开始我认为他们想点餐的动作很粗鲁，但我认为他们这样做是因为他真的很想把餐点对。command命令；(尤指对语言的)掌握；运用能力；opinion观点；看法；gesture手势；姿势；purpose目的。呼应后文“signaled it”，所填空应是指点餐手势。故选C项。.读后续写阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021山东师范大学附属中学第一次模拟)“Now, parents and students separate
33、into two groups.You will be reunited at the end of the campus tour.”Groups of incoming freshmen happily left their parents upon hearing this announcement.I was less than thrilled about starting college, let alone leaving my mothers side to tour the campus with other freshmen；I felt a little anxious.
34、We followed the senior tour guide.The other freshmen chatted and made casual introductions as I dragged behind.How could I have believed I was ready for this? After all, it had only been a few months since I left the hospital.I was feeling better for the first time in years.But college.?My thinking
35、was interrupted by a sweet female voice, “Hi, Im Jennifer.” “Im Lauren，” I replied.“Where do you prefer to live? At home or on campus？” she smiled.“Im not sure，” I said.“You should live on campus！It will be a lot of fun！” she said.Before I could reply, the tour guide announced it was time to create
36、our schedules and select the courses we wanted to take.We crowded into the Student Activity Center.Three seniors handed out thick course bulletins (课程公告)and forms that needed to be filled out.All around me, the sounds of turning papers and writing sounded like those given by an alarm clock.Others se
37、emed to be moving through the process quickly but I hadnt even opened my course catalog(目录).“Focus，”I told myself.“Just read through the catalog and find the courses you like and a schedule that works.”Psychology A or B, Geology 101, English, History, sections 1, 2, 3.The list went on and on.I panic
38、ked and almost started to cry.How was I supposed to know how to complete it？I was just relearning how to live in the real world, and they wanted me to make a schedule.How I wished someone could help me.注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；2请按照如下格式在相应位置作答。One possible versionParagraph 1：Soon, other freshmen were handin
39、g in their forms.Many of them rushed out to meet their parents.I couldnt breathe and was feeling anxious.My head was pounding.Moments later, I was crying.And several students started to stare at me.One of the seniors in charge walked over to my table. “Whats the matter？” she asked impatiently.“I.I c
40、ant do this！” I said.“All you have to do is make your schedule, just like everybody else，”she said, clearly annoyed.Paragraph 2：Then, I felt a warm hand on my shoulder.I looked back and found Jennifer standing behind me.“Everything is alright，”she told the senior.“Ill help her.”The senior walked awa
41、y.“Whats wrong, sweetie？”Jennifer asked.Hearing Jennifers kind words, I cried even harder, saying，“Its just too much！” Then Jennifer put her arm around me and said，“Let me instruct you.”She then guided me through the process step by step until I completed my schedule.Later, when saying goodbye, we made a promise to keep in touch.
