1、题型3 概要写作Passage 1(2020河北遵化教育局中学教研室期末考试)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Retirement is the point where a person stops employment completely. The “standard” retirement age varies from country to country, but it is generally between 50 and 70, according to the latest statistics, 2011. However, for a long time
2、, people have got into an argument about whether the age of retirement should be increased or reduced in their own countries.There are several arguments for allowing older people to continue working as long as they are able. Many people think that older employees have a large amount of knowledge and
3、 experience which can be lost to a business or organisation if they are made to retire. Besides, older employees are often extremely faithful employees and are more willing to implement (执行) company policies than the young. A more important point is regarding the attitudes in society to old people.
4、To force someone to resign or retire at 60 or 65 indicates that the society does not value the input of these people and that practically their useful life is over.Allowing old people to work indefinitely (无限地), however, is not always a good policy. Some people took the strong view that age alone is
5、 no guarantee of ability. Many young employees have more experience or skills than older staff, who may have been stuck in one area for most of their working lives. Having compulsory (强制性的) retirement allows new ideas in an organisation. On the other hand, older people should be rewarded by society
6、for their lifes labour by being given generous pensions (退休金) and the freedom to enjoy leisure. They can have time to do whatever they like, that is, they can have their own plans or roles and achieve their retirement goals.With many young people unemployed or frustrated in lowlevel positions, there
7、 are often calls to compulsorily retire older workers. However, this can affect the older individuals freedom and right to work. In my opinion, giving workers more choices over their retirement age will benefit both society and the individual._【参考范文】There has been an ongoing debate about the proper
8、retirement age.(要点1) Some argue that older people should be allowed to delay retirement considering their ability and loyalty as well as recognition from society.(要点2) However, opponents advocate compulsory retirement to make room for young innovative employees and reward older people for their work
9、.(要点3) The writer claims that it is beneficial to society and individuals to provide more options about retirement age.(要点4)Passage 2(2020浙江上虞高三二模)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。When the pandemic (流行病) started, some people were wondering if the Internet could stand up to the rise in demand. The answer is
10、 not only a clear “yes” but this whole period made it even stronger.How would our world survive without Internet in pandemic situation? The answer is simple: differently but not better or worse. We know that the Internet available is changing a lot of things. Thanks to it, people were able to keep o
11、n working from their home, others were able to keep contact with their loved ones and friends and most found their entertainment relief through it. Had it not ever existed, people would have stayed at home and enjoyed their family or created more since they would have had more time on their hands.Bu
12、t in todays world, the Internet has become the one link that unites us all. It is the reason why people were able to forget for minutes and hours at a time through the use of Internet. It is the reason why so many companies will survive and most probably grow stronger afterwards, since they were abl
13、e to plan through Skype and Zoom. It is the reason why lovers did not fall into full depression, having to live away from their partner for a few months, since they were at least able to talk and see each other while sharing moments of their lives. There cannot be any doubts anymore: The Internet is
14、 the one link that unites us all.In the first three months of this year, Internet use has grown by 25% in most major cities around the world. This number is reflected in the use of various applications and websites. One of the clearest jumps up is the use of video calls. This should not be surprisin
15、g since it is used both for business and for personal purposes. PC Game stores have also seen a huge increase in their sales during this period. A bit more surprising maybe, is the increase of online grocery stores usage as the stores were breaking down under the demand._【参考范文】The Internet supports
16、the rising demand and grew stronger confronting the pandemic.(要点1) The life without Internet would be then different but not better or worse since Internet offers ease to work and connection but steals personal time.(要点2) Nowadays the Internet connects us all so that people forget about time and dis
17、tance and companies maintain growth.(要点3) In the first quarter of this year, Internet use has surged worldwide in terms of video calls, PC games and even online grocery stores.(要点4)Passage 3(2020上海杨浦高三二模)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Building a Greener FutureYear after year, Earths precious resources ar
18、e becoming increasingly scarce. Still people need materials to build new houses, office buildings and schools. Theres only one solution to this problem: do more with less. Thats what sustainable construction is all about. Advocates of sustainable construction believe the entire building process can
19、be done without harming the environment, and by doing so, the earth is kept sustainable for future generations. To make these green buildings possible, however, the process must be implemented from the beginning.Picture a city government that wants to build a green office building. The first thing t
20、hese city planners would do is select a site with a small environmental impact. Ideally, they would choose a site that had already been developed, thus keeping the forests and grasslands protected.Next, city planners would turn their attention towards the construction process. Only green materials c
21、ould be used to build their office towers. These include wood, steel, and other materials that have been recycled from destroyed buildings. If possible, they have been manufactured, recovered, or resourced locally. The closer that these green materials are to the construction site, the less energy i
22、s wasted getting them to where theyre needed.Maintenance costs are the next important factors that need to be considered. City planners would design heating and cooling systems that use as little energy as possible. They would fit solar roof panels that will absorb the heat from the sun to power the
23、 building. Toilets and sinks designed to minimise water waste would be fitted throughout the building. These efficiencies dont just help to protect the environment; they can save money over the long run as well.After all this was finished, the city planners would relax and maybe even throw a party.
24、They have designed a building that was green at every step the golden rule of sustainable construction._【参考范文】Sustainable construction is the solution to scarce resources and helps protect the environment.(要点1) First, it means choosing a site which produces minimal environmental impact.(要点2) It also
25、 involves using green recyclable and locally produced materials. Lastly, it is important to take measures like using sustainable energy to reduce maintenance cost.(要点3) Therefore, sustainable construction focuses on making the whole building process green.(要点4)Passage 4(2020浙江宁波高三一模)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇6
26、0词左右的内容概要。It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in th
27、e drivers seat is another matter.Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense. It takes the most coolheaded drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility
28、of quarrelling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and becomes so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behaviours of politeness are by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays dont even seem able to r
29、ecognise politeness when they see it.However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may not be able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the
30、road wherever and whenever they want to. An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfortunately, modern drivers cant even learn to drive, let
31、alone master the roadmanship. Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more giveandtake from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart._【参考范文】Drivers tend to have horrible road manners while driving.(要点1) Road politeness
32、requires patience to calm down and helps create a harmonious atmosphere, which is necessary but ignored by many drivers.(要点2) Yet misplaced politeness can sometimes put some road users who arent following traffic rules in danger.(要点3) With the increasing number of cars, road politeness should be rem
33、embered by all road users.(要点4)Passage 5阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。A new study warns that about thirty percent of the worlds people may not have enough water by the year 2025.A private American organization called Population Action International (PAI) did the new study. It says more than 335 million
34、people lack enough water now. The people live in 28 countries. Most of the countries are in Africa or the Middle East. PAI researcher Robert Engelman says by the year 2025, about 3,000 million people may lack water. At least 18 more countries are expected to have severe water problems. The demand fo
35、r water keeps increasing. Yet the amount of water on Earth stays the same.Mr Engelman says the population in countries that lack water is growing faster than in other parts of the world. He says population growth in these countries will continue to increase.The report says lack of water in the futur
36、e may result in several problems. It may increase health problems. Lack of water often means drinking water is not safe. Mr Engelman says there are problems all over the world because of diseases, such as cholera which are carried in water.Lack of water may also result in more international conflict
37、. Countries may have to compete for water in the future. Some countries now get sixty percent of their fresh water from other countries. And the report says lack of water would affect the ability to improve their economies. This is because new industries often need large amounts of water when they a
38、re beginning.The Population Action International study gives several solutions to the water problem. One way, it says, is to find ways to use water for more than one purpose. Another way is to teach people to be careful not to waste water. A third way is to use less water for agriculture.The report
39、also says longterm solutions to the water problem must include controls on population growth._【参考范文】A new study shows that about 30% of the worlds people may suffer a shortage of water in the following ten years. (要点1) Nowadays, over 335 million people in 28 countries lack enough water in the years to come，while the amount of water remains the same and the population is growing faster. (要点2) The shortage of water will cause health problems and international conflict. (要点3) Fortunately, ways are found to settle the water problem. (要点4)
