1、高考题型分组训练阅读理解板块训练重细节，练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2018北京朝阳区期末)To the members of the city council of Albion，As a lifelong person living in Albion I have seen many changes to our beautiful town. Fifty years ago, the population was 32,000 and Main Street was the center of everything. People went there to shop, ea
2、t in restaurants, see movies, and sometimes just walk around. Today, Albions population is over 80,000 and nobody even thinks about going downtown. We shop at malls and on the Internet. We take out fast food and stay home and watch TV. Most of the downtown businesses have closed, putting people out
3、of work.I advocate a suggestion to turn things around. Lets declare the four block area to the north of Main Street a pedestrianonly zone. Once we do that, we can begin creating a lively street scene with openair markets, sidewalk cafes, and street musicians or other performers. People may start mak
4、ing downtown their freetime destination. Parents can bring their children, and teenagers would be able to get together in a public setting.The changes could also have economic benefits for the city. Art galleries, clothing stores, and other businesses might begin to change the abandoned stores into
5、new businesses. As downtown street life becomes more exciting, Main Street could also begin to attract new people living there. Young people responding to the energizing atmosphere may move into the apartments above the stores. New apartments will be built, providing new housing as well as jobs for
6、local people. All of this activity would help to bring back the citys commercial tax base.If you want confirmation that this kind of plan works, just look at Springfields results. When they instituted their pedestrianonly zone in 2003, the changes were great. Restaurants and hotels began to fill up
7、and unemployment rates went down. The people of the town gained an exciting new neighborhood. I certainly hope youll give this idea your serious consideration.Yours truly，Mary Blakely语篇解读：市中心原来是人们生活的中心，但是现在人们在商场和网上购物，因此市中心的商店关门，进而导致人们失业。作者建议在此建立步行街，以此吸引人们来这里休闲、购物。1Whats the change of the town in the
8、 past fifty years?AThe population has decreased.BThere have been fewer safe places.CPeople have lost interest in downtown.DThe unemployment rate has been controlled.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“.nobody even thinks about going downtown. We shop at malls and on the Internet. We take out fast food and stay home and
9、 watch TV.”可知，人们对市中心失去了兴趣。因此选C项。答案C2What idea does the author give in the letter?ARaising the local commercial tax.BAbandoning the pedestrianonly zone.CDriving people away from downtown.DStarting businesses in the downtown area.解析推理判断题。从文中第二段作者的建议可以看出，步行街可以带来充满活力的街景，从而吸引人们来此休闲购物，以此使市中心再次成为城市的中心，这样其他
10、商业活动也会繁荣起来。答案D3Whats the purpose of the letter?ATo provide advice to the government.BTo seek help with the problems of the city.CTo express dissatisfaction with the situation.DTo get public attention to the local economy.解析推理判断题。从信的开头“To the members of the city council”及下文中的“I advocate a suggestion
11、to turn things around”可以看出，此信的目的是为政府提供建议。答案AB(2018河南省适应性考试)The color of foods might affect just how much you want to eat them, but what about the birds in your neighborhood? Would they care what color their food is? Try this out for a science fair project, or just to learn something new while making
12、 your local birds happy.Begin this experiment with the question “What color of birdseed, if any, will birds prefer the most？”， and then make a hypothesis(假设) based on your question. An example might be “Birds will eat more green birdseed than other colors.”You should get several bird feeders. Purcha
13、se a bird seed that is very light in color. To color the bird seed, pour it into a bowl and then add food coloring that you can purchase from the store. Mix it up well with a spoon and continue to add color until all the seed is colored. You should sample at least a few colors and have one feeder wi
14、th seed that has not been coloredthis is called the control and it will give you something to compare your results to. Now just hang them up outside in the same location, and wait for your feathered friends to show up. This works best in an area that birds are used to feeding from a feederit can tak
15、e birds over a week to find new feeders.Observe your bird feeders whenever possible, and keep track of how much seed is in each bird feeder each day. A ruler is helpful for this. You might also want to take pictures of the feeders and keep track of what kind of birds visit each feeder. Over time, yo
16、u should be able to see if one color of seed gets eaten more than others.Once your experiment is done, you will be able to go back to your hypothesis and see if it is correct. Remember, its not bad if your hypothesis was wrong. The main thing is that youve learned something from your experiment, and
17、 hopefully you had some fun doing it.语篇解读：对人类来说，食物的颜色会影响食欲。对鸟类来讲，它们是否会在意食物的颜色呢？动手做一个实验，就能验证你的假设！本文介绍了实验的步骤及方法。4Whats the purpose for this experiment?ATo make local birds happy.BTo see what color birds like most.CTo see if the color of foods affects birds.DTo find how local birds feed themselves.解析推理
18、判断题。由第一、二段中的问题及假设可以判断，下文的实验主要是验证食物的颜色是否对鸟儿有影响。答案C5What is the most important about the bird feeders?AThey are filled with some water.BThey are placed in secret places.CThey are painted in different colors.DThey are all the same size and type.解析推理判断题。从第三段和第四段描述的实验过程可知，买回鸟食之后要涂色，但要留一个装着未染色食物的喂食器，以此作为参
19、照。另外一个注意事项是，每天观察每个喂食器里鸟食的数量。由此可以判断喂食器需要同样大小和类型，以便互相参照。答案D6Whats the second step for this experiment?AObserving bird feeders.BRaising a question.CCollecting all the data.DMaking a hypothesis.解析细节理解题。由第二段中的Begin this experiment with. and then make a hypothesis.可知，实验的第二步是提出假设。答案D7How does the author pr
20、ove his view?ABy giving examples.BBy doing experiments.CBy doing questionnaire survey.DBy searching for references.解析推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要通过实验来验证食物颜色是否会影响鸟类的进食。答案BC(2018四川广安、眉山、内江、遂宁二诊)If anyone knows what makes a great childrens book, it must be Sussex author and illustrator(插图画家) Jane Hissey. Her “Old
21、 Bear” books have achieved classic status in a variety of formats.I caught up with Jane at her home in the East Sussex countryside and asked her what she thinks is the secret of a classic childrens book. “Thats a difficult one. I suppose its got to be relevant to the childs stage of developmentfor y
22、oung children, pictures on a page that are familiar, for older children, an experience.The book should be familiar, but hold some surprises too to keep the interest. It must inspire and delight the children, but there are the things that happen every day.”After the birth of her first child, she gave
23、 up teaching and worked on her own artwork, drawing pictures of teddy bears. An editor from a publishing company saw her work and invited Jane to do a childrens book. Over the years, from the first “Old Bear” book in 1988, her children have made a huge contributionnot least in terms of plot. She sai
24、d, “I used to give my children the toys to play withand they had tea parties and so on. One of my bear characters, Little Bear， is the same age as Ralph, my youngest, whos seven now. All the children have joined in my work and, in years to come, they will realize how much.”“I hope Ill know when peop
25、le are getting tired of the characters. If ever they did, I think Id go on drawing them for fun，” Jane continued, “My own children have been very useful to me in my work, but as they are older now, Ill just have to hope that other peoples children can inspire me.”语篇解读：本文介绍了插图画家简创作儿童书的经历和对此的看法。8What
26、is Janes opinion about a successful childrens book?AIt contains something unexpected.BIt offers an escape from everyday life.CIts attractive as children get older.DIts set in a place known to its readers.解析细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“The book should be familiar, but hold some surprises too to keep the interest
27、.”可知，简认为一本成功的儿童书要包括一些惊喜，即出乎意料的事情。答案A9Why did Jane take up book writing?AShe got to know a book seller.BHer husband encouraged her to try.CHer artwork attracted an editor.DShe wrote stories for her own children.解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“An editor from a publishing company saw her work and invited Jane to do a
28、 childrens book.”可知，简的画吸引了一位来自出版公司的编辑，故C项正确。答案C10How did Janes children assist her in her work?ABy helping her concentrate on her work.BBy telling her how they found her stories.CBy suggesting characters for her stories.DBy giving her ideas for her stories.解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Over the years, from the fi
29、rst Old Bear. not least in terms of plot.”可知，简的孩子在她的创作中给了她一些想法。答案D11What is Janes attitude towards her future work?AEncouraged. BUncertain.CTired. DUnfit.解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“My own children have been very useful to me in my work, but as they are older now, Ill just have to hope that other peoples child
30、ren can inspire me.”可知，简对未来的工作持不确定的态度。答案BD(2018广东化州二模)Theres a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this toot
31、hats why it made Nov. 16th “International Day for Tolerance”But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French philosopher Voltaire, “tolerance is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty(脆弱) and errors; let us pardon each others foolishnessthat is the first law of nature.”Ver
32、y often, people dont realize that theyre intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UNs campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men dont put themselves in the shoes of
33、 women.Its worth thinking a little about the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”. Are they the best words to describe the evils of which were speaking here? To agree to be “tolerant” of someone isnt necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that theres something wron
34、g with him.Still, what Voltaire said stands：We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. Thats the reason we should be tolerant. Its a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.语篇解读：人们天性脆弱、不完美、容易犯错，因此包容是人性的体现。文章通
35、过分析宽容和不宽容的表现，告诉我们要宽容待人。12Whats the purpose of the UN “International Day For Tolerance” ?ATo arouse peoples awareness of tolerance among people.BTo celebrate the founding of the UN.CTo solve the problem of global warming.DTo change peoples opinion toward globalization.解析细节理解题。根据第一段二、三两句“Marley unders
36、tood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this toothats why it made Nov. 16th International Day for Tolerance”可推断，世界上许多问题的原因都在于人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把11月16日设置为“国际宽容日”，是为了唤起人们的包容意识。答案A13Why do men behave intolerantly tow
37、ard women?ABecause men dont realize the purpose of the UN.BBecause men are physically stronger than women.CBecause men dont appreciate the shoes of women.DBecause men are not willing to understand women.解析细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men dont put th
38、emselves in the shoes of women.”可知，男性对女性不包容是因为他们不愿意设身处地为女性着想，不愿意理解她们。答案D14Why is it meaningless to use the words “tolerance” and “intolerance” ?ABecause they are hard to pronounce in English.BBecause they dont express the exact meaning people refer to.CBecause they cant be translated into other lang
39、uages.DBecause they cant be used in a respectful way.解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后三句“Are they the best words to describe the evils of which were speaking here? To agree to be tolerant of someone isnt necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that theres something wrong with him.”
40、可知，说对别人宽容并不一定是一件很有礼貌的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示着他有问题，由此推断使用“宽容”或者“不宽容”是没有意义的，因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的意思。答案B15In what sense is “tolerance” similar to “generosity”？AHumans are advised to treat others better.BHumans tend to find faults in others.CHumans need to give something to others.DHumans will change their attitudes t
41、o others.解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Its a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.”可推断，宽容与慷慨有点相似。慷慨是给人物品，宽容是给人宽恕。答案C.七选五阅读填空(2018河南名校阶段性测试五)You only live once, and life is short. Its easy to look at people who are happy and assume that they dont und
42、erstand your pain. The older you get, the more you realize that happiness takes work. People who smile in public have been through as much as people who cry, scream, etc. _1_ So how can you live life to the fullest?Here are some tips to help you out：Decide whats important to you. It doesnt matter wh
43、at it is. _2_ Your parents, friends and society in general all have their opinions, but youre the only person who will be around for every moment of your life. Do what makes you happy, and everything else will fall into place.Ready to take risks. Sometimes theres danger involved in life, but every r
44、eward carries risk with it. _3_ However, if you never take risks, youll never get anywhere in life. When people look back on their lives, they regret the chances they didnt take more than the ones they did.Ignore the haters. No matter what you decide to do with your life, there will always be someon
45、e around to point out the many ways youll fail. Know that every winner loses, but not every loser wins. _4_ Instead, they keep pushing through failure._5_ Your being right about something doesnt mean there arent other ways to look at it. Listening to ideas you dont agree with or understand keeps you
46、r brain active and healthy.AKeep an open mind.BSpeak through your actions.CSuccessful people dont start out successful.DDont do what you think people want you to do.EIt is true that some actions might have bad results.FThey just have the courage and strength to smile through it.GThink about your pas
47、t and future，but only focus on the present.语篇解读：人生短暂，不能重来。如何将生活过到极致，文章给出了几条建议。1解析本段主要讲快乐也是过，不快乐也是过，在面对困难时我们应笑着面对。本题前文People who smile in public have been through as much as people who cry, scream, etc.意为那些能笑对生活的人其实和那些哭泣的人经历的一样多。F项(笑对生活的人有勇气和力量微笑面对痛苦)符合前文语境，故选F项。答案F2解析本段主要是讲认定对你来说重要的事，不管它是什么。本题前文意为做自
48、己认为重要的事，后文提到父母及他人的观点，但你是唯一可以决定自己生命中每一刻的人。故D项(不要做你觉得别人想让你做的事情)符合语境。答案D3解析本段主要是讲准备好冒险。本题上下文都是讲生活需要有冒险精神，后文However, if you never take risks, youll never get anywhere in life.为转折句，可以推出前句应为冒险会带来不好的结果，选项E(有些行为确实会带来不好的结果)符合上下文逻辑关系，故选E项。答案E4解析本段主要是讲忽略生活中讨厌这个讨厌那个的人。本题后Instead, they keep pushing through failure.意为“相反，他们一直在克服失败”，此处的“Instead”表明前句应为相反句，C项(成功的人不是一开始就是成功的)，符合语境，故选C项。答案C5解析本段主要是讲让头脑保持积极、开放的状态。本题位于段首句，应为该段主旨句。本段后面主要讲：要听听你不同意或不理解的想法，让大脑保持积极健康。A项(要有开放的思想)符合本段大意，故选A项。答案A
