1、阅读理解专题卷40Children who drink alcohol with their parents are less likely to binge drink (狂饮)in later life, a recent report claimed yesterday.The survey of 10,000 teens aged 15 and 16 found 75 per cent have drunk alcohol - but those who do it in moderation(适度地)at home are less likely to go on binges. O
2、n the other hand, the findings contradict a recent call from charity Alcohol Concern for parents. Prof Mark Bellis, of Liverpool John Moores University, told Radio 4s Today programme that this would only make matters worse.He said: The key points are around people understanding alcohol, learning abo
3、ut alcohol, being set a good example by parents. Something that criminalises(宣布有罪) the parent is likely to stop these things happening. Teenagers who bought their own alcohol outside the home were also more likely to develop problems such as drinking in public places, the report found. It advised pa
4、rents to keep pocket money below 10 a week.Prof Bellis, whose team carried out the survey in schools in the North West, added: By the age of 14 the majority are drinking.The question is, are they learning in a proper environment or learning behind the bushes in a park or in a bar?The chances are if
5、they are in the latter position, they are learning to binge drink easily.1The author writes the passage mainly to tell us that_.A.Home Drink Kids dont Binge B. A Recent Report on problem boozers is announcedC. Parents are a good example for childrenD. The prevention of binging drink is possible2Whic
6、h of the followings is WRONG according to the passage?A. The report says children who drink alcohol with their parents have little chance to become boozers in later life easily.B. Prof Mark Bellis thinks the findings doesnt help prevent binge drinkC. Children learn to binge drink in an advantageous
7、environment as well as in a bad situation.D. Prof Mark Bellis thinks that parents should be a good model for children3Which of the following is the closest to the underlined word “contradict” in meaning ？A. are the same as B. are similar to C. think well of D. disagree with 4Prof Bellis thinks the k
8、ey to dealing with the problem is_.A. examples and understanding B. education and punishment C. lowering pocket money D. law and advice centres5We can infer from the passage that_. A. Parents should answer for those who binge drink B. Drinking is a common and acceptable thing in BrtainC. Well-behave
9、d parents usaully dont have children who binge drink D. Teenagers who drink outside the home were more likely to develop drinking problems .The standard Outward Bound course lasts for three or four weeks. During that time the students live in the wilderness and go through many physical activities of
10、 ever increasing difficulty.The first few days are given to physical conditioning and to the teaching of basic skills such as first aid, map and compass reading, rope climbing, and other similar activities.During the second part of the course students learn how to climb rocks and cliffs, how to use
11、canoes and rafts in swift water, and in some schools how to sail, ski, climb mountains, and make long-distance hikes. The first two parts of the course are done in groups. Members work together and help each other to overcome the increasing number of challenges. In the third part of the course, stud
12、ents are sent out alone for three days to survive in the wilderness with only a few necessities.Who are the students of Outward Bound? They are both young people and adults, men and women. The minimum age is 16.5 years. There is no maximum age. About one-third of the 6,000 persons completing the cou
13、rse each year are women. Businessmen, housewives, university students, professors, doctors, and lawyers are among those taking part in the course.In recent years special courses for the busy business managers have gained in popularity. These courses last from five to ten days rather than the usual t
14、hree to four weeks of the normal course.Not all students complete the Outward Bound course. In some cases the individual cannot meet the physical challenges. In its own words Outward Bound literature says: Make no mistake, Outward Bound is not for everybody. The courses arent easy and are not meant
15、to be.Most students who finish the course share a common experience. They are surprised at themselves that they finish the course and they feel great pride in doing the impossible! The Outward Bound experience makes them feel that they are better than they know!6Where are Outward Bound courses given
16、?A. In the classroom.B. On the playground.C. In the wilderness.D. In canoes and rafts.7All of the following are true EXCEPT _.A. Special courses for business executives last five to ten days longerB. All of the students have to live outdoorsC. The students of Outward Bound are composed of both sexes
17、 over 16.5 yearsD. More and more businessmen like the Outward Bound course8Which of the following is TRUE?A. Around 6,000 people attend the course each year.B. About 2,000 women attend the course each year.C. About 2,000 women overcome the challenges each year.D. Approximately 2,000 people overcome
18、the challenges each year.9 When students are sent out alone for the last three days in the course, they .A. take anything they think necessary with themB. take the equipment they found usefulC. are provided with everything to make them comfortableD. are provided with only a few articles which are ab
19、solutely necessaryWe all have ideas about what kinds of foods are good to eat. We also have ideas about what kinds of foods are bad to eat. As a result, people from one culture often think the foods that people from another culture eat are nauseating(令人作呕的). When the famous boxer Muhammad Ali visite
20、d Africa, for example, one member of his group became quite sick when he saw someone pick up a butterfly and eat it. Many people would find it disgusting to eat rats, but there are forty-two different cultures whose people regard rats as appropriate food. Food likes and dislikes do not always seem r
21、elated to nutrition. For example, broccoli is first on a list of the most nutritious common vegetables, but it is twenty-first on a list of vegetables that Americans like most to eat. Tomatoes are sixteenth on the list of most nutritious vegetables, but they are first on the list of vegetables that
22、Americans like most to eat. But dislike is not the only reason why some cultures will not eat a certain food. In some cultures, certain foods are taboo. Some foods are taboo in certain religions, but there are also other food taboos that are not connected to a religion. We do not usually think about
23、 why certain things are taboo in our culture. We may not even know why they are taboo. Anthropologists(人类学家) try to discover the hidden reasons for taboos.Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislikes are a result of the ways of life of different people. Some people live in areas where t
24、here are both large animals and many insects. It is difficult for these people to kill large animals, and it requires a lot of energy. It is easier for them to use insects for food because it is not difficult to catch insects and it does not require a lot of energy. Nomadic(游牧的) people who move arou
25、nd will not want to keep pigs for food. People will not eat pets such as dogs. Americans eat a lot of beef because there is plenty of land for raising cattle and the meat can be shipped cheaply for long distances by railroads.10Whats the main topic of this passage?A. Food and religion. B. Food and c
26、ulture. C. Nutrition of different foods.D. Different ways of life.11Which of the following statements is TRUE about food likes and dislikes?A. They are seldom related to nutrition.B. They are mostly associated with peoples taste.C. They are mostly connected with peoples life styles.D. They are usual
27、ly related to cultures or religions.12The underlined word “taboo” (Line 3, Para. 3) refers to _.A. something undiscoveredB. certain religionsC. something forbiddenD. certain foods13What can we infer from the passage?A. It is believed that brcoccoli is more nutritious than tomatoes.B. Americans prefe
28、r tomatoes to beef.C. People in Inner Mongolia would probably like to keep pigs for food.D. The famous boxer Muhamm Ali would like to eat rat rather than butterfly.14Why do Americans prefer to eat beef? A. Because beef provides a lot of energy people require.B. Because beef is on the list of the mos
29、t nutritious foods.C. Because they have the ideal condition to keep and ship cattle.D. Because cattle are large animals.Some scientists warn that ice near the Earths Poles may indeed be melting. This “polar meltdown” may be the first sign that the Earth is heating up. We could be in very serious tro
30、uble if this trend continues. It is estimated that a meltdown of as little as 10 percent of Antarcticas ice would raise sea levels around the globe by 4 to 9 meters. Floods would cover low-lying regions and turn coastal cities like New York and New Orleans into real life underwater world.Scientists
31、first predicted in the 1970s that heat trapped in the Earths atmosphere could cause a polar meltdown. Many now believe that human activities are turning up the heat. When we burn fossil fuels like coal and oil, we add carbon dioxide(CO2) gas to the Earths atmosphere. Cutting down trees also makes CO
32、2 levels raise because trees normally soak up CO2 to make food. Scientists say higher CO2 levels strengthen the “greenhouse effect” and could increase the Earths temperature. In fact, CO2 levels have risen by 30 percent since the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries.Over the past thr
33、ee years, satellite measurements have shown a sea level rise of about a quarter inch worldwide. “If nothing is done to reduce fossil-fuel pollution and global warming, sea levels will rise even more.” says geologist Richard Alley.But even Alley admits that a polar meltdown would take time. The ice i
34、n Antarctica and Arctic locks up nearly nine times the volume of water contained in all the worlds rivers and lakes. These are such big “ice cubes” and it would probably take thousands of years to melt them.Another scientist Charles Bentley doesnt think a meltdown will happen at all. “Even if warmer
35、 temperatures begin to melt polar-ice,” he says, “the excess moisture would most likely be redeposit as snow.” In other words, the melted ice would evaporate into the atmosphere, refreeze, and fall as rain and snow over the Poles.15What consequence of global warming is mentioned in the passage?A. Mo
36、re tropical storms.B. More tropical diseases.C. Changes in farm productivity.D. Coastal flooding.16 Which of the following statements does the second paragraph support?A. CO2 in the atmosphere cannot keep the heat from escaping into space.B. The increase of CO2 gas may warm the planet and help to me
37、lt polar ice.C. Cutting down trees helps to greatly reduce CO2 levels.D. The end of the short-lived age of fossil fuels is already in sight.17 Geologist Richard Alley most likely agrees that _.A. the sea-level rise can be prevented by cutting back on energy-consuming activitiesB. the recent breaking
38、 off of ice blocks from Antarctica is just a natural part of a long-term cycleC. Antarctica temperatures have significantly changed since the Industrial RevolutionD. the polar meltdown may be an accidental change of climate rather than a sign of global warming18Charles Bentley believes that a polar
39、meltdown will not occur because _.A. governments around the world are beginning to reduce CO2 levels in the airB. a melting of the polar ice cannot be achieved with the present technologiesC. the melted ice in the polar areas would change into snow and rain over the PolesD. the suns heat would have
40、no chance of being absorbed by the polar ice19In which paragraph does the author mention the immense quantities of polar ice?A. In the second paragraph.B. In the third paragraph.C. In the fourth paragraph.D. In the fifth paragraph.During the 1800s, African Americans worked long days in the fields of
41、 the American SouthTo ease their labor, they sang field hollers that they had brought from AfricaOne person sang a lineThen a group of workers repeated itThe songs words told of the hardships that people sufferedAfrican Americans sang shout spirituals, or joyous religious songsThey clapped their han
42、ds and stomped their feet to the musicAfter the Civil War, the music changed dramaticallyAfrican American music, from ballads to church music, took new formsIt also adapted dance music, called jump-upswhich had great rhythm Banjos became popularA blues singer usually played a call and response with
43、the banjoBy the early 1900s, the guitar had replaced the banjo as the main blues instrumentNorthern Mississippi - called the Delta - was the center of the blues traditionBy the 1920s, the Delta had many clubs, so-called juke jointsAfrican Americans listened and danced to music in these clubsSome of
44、the greatest blues men and women performed thereBlues have a soulful sound that is easy to recognizeThe musical notes are often bentThat is, they are changed slightly to give a song more strengthWhatever their origin, these bent notes most often define the bluesLyrics are the words of a songBlues ly
45、rics describe everyday lifeThe lyrics, often about relationships between men and women, are often very intense and personalThey tell about sorrow and overworkThey tell about finding or losing love, having money or being broke, being happy or sad and lonelyThe lyrics may use humor to describe lifes t
46、rials and joysThey almost always use the rhythms of everyday speechA typical blues stanza, or group of lyrics, has three linesThe second line repeats the first lineThe third line has different wordsBy the 1940s, large numbers of African Americans had left the Delta and moved north to work Many settl
47、ed in ChicagoThere, a new kind of electric, or Chicago blues beganMany of its themes were the same, but these blues had wailing electric guitars and harmonicasThe music had a steady, strong drumbeatThe loud, driving Chicago blues was excellent dance musicChicago blues led to the birth of a new music
48、 style-rock and roll20The field holler is a kind of music that came from _Athe American South BAfrica CChicago DAsia21Shout spirituals and field hollers are similar in that both_Aused banjos Bwere sung in churchCincluded call and response singing Dexpressed sadness22A typical blues Stanza is made up
49、 of_Athree lines Ba harmonica Ca driving beat Dfour lines23One can conclude from the passage that the blues _Awould have widespread without the juke joints of the MississippiBserved as a form of communication and self-expressionCwas successful only in the American SouthDthere were only greatest blue
50、s man performed in these clubs24African Americans probably moved to Chicago because _Athe South was too hot in summer Bthey liked the Chicago bluesCthere were more jobs there Dthey wanted to create a new music style“It hurts me more than you，and “This is for your own goodThese are the statements my
51、mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin，clean my room，stay home and do homework.That was before we entered the permissive period in educafion in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in schoolThe schools and the educators made it easy on usT
52、hey thought that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators，turned on the television，left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacationNow teachers，faced with children who have been developing at their own pace
53、 for the past 15 years，are realizing weve made a terrible mistakeOne such teacher is Sharon Klompus who says of her students-“so passive”-and-wonders what happenedNothing was demanded of them，she believes. Television，says Klompus，contributes to childrens passivity“Were not training kids to work any
54、more,” says Klompus“were talking about a generation of kids whove never been hurt or hungryThey have learned somebody will always do it for them. Instead of saying go look it up，you tell them the answerIt takes greater energy to say no to a kid”Yes，it doesIt takes energy and it takes work. Its time
55、for parents to end their vacation and come back to workIts time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but its for their own goodIts time to start telling them no again.25Why are children becoming more inactive in study?ABecause they watch TV too oftenBBec
56、ause they have done too much homeworkCBecause they have to fulfill too many dutiesDBecause teachers are too strict with them26To such children as described in the passage Ait is easier to say no than to say yesBneither is easy-to say yes or to say no Cit is easier to say yes than to say noDneither i
57、s difficult-to say yes or to say no27We learn from the passage that the authors mother used to lay emphasis on A1earning LatinBnatural developmentCdisciplineDeducation at school28By “permissive period in educationthe author means a time Awhen children are allowed to do what they wish toBwhen everyth
58、ing can be taught at schoolCwhen every child can be educatedDwhen ehildren are permitted to receive education29What is the main idea of the passage?AParents should leave their children alone，BKids should have more activities at schoolCIts time to be stricter with our kidsDParents should always set a
59、 good example to their kids参考答案1A2C3D4A5A【解析】1写作意图题。从第一、二段可知,本文介绍了的一份研究报告在家和父母一起有节制地饮酒不会引起狂饮症。这正是作者的写作意图。2判断正误题。文章最后一句“The chances are if they are in the latter position, they are learning to binge drink easily”,中the latter position前指上一段中的learning behind the bushes in a park or in a bar, 故C项表述错误, 符合
60、提意。A、B、D三项分别从在第1、3、4段有明确表述。3 词义猜测题。由 “On the other hand（另一方面）”, 和 “would only make matters worse.”可以推测出contradict的意思为 “与.矛盾;与.抵触”, 故D项为最佳答案。4细节理解题。由第四段 “The key points are around people understanding alcohol, learning about alcohol, being set a good example by parents.”可知答案为A。5推理判断题。由第4、5段Prof Mark
61、Bellis所说的话可以推出父母应该对有狂饮问题的孩子负责。其他C、D项文中有明确表述；B项文中未提及。6C7B8C9D【解析】6从第一段第二句以及前四段文字可知,学生们都住在野外,并在那里上课.7 第一段第二句表明:在三-四周的授课期间学生们住在户外.但B提供的句子会让人产生误解,以为是所有学生都必须住在户外.故不符题意.而从第五、六段中可知A、C、D,符合题意. 8 第五段中第五句表明,每年能通过这项野外训练课程的6,000人中,有三分之一是女性.9从第四段最后一句可知,在第三阶段,学生们单独到野外呆三天,带着极少量的生活必需品.10B11C12C13A14C【解析】略15D16B17A1
62、8C19C【解析】本文就极地冰雪融化的事实进行了探讨，主要说明了极地冰雪融化的原因及危害，文章最后一段也简述了极地冰雪融化不会对地球产生影响。15 D。细节题。全球气温升高造成的后果是：从 Floods would cover low-lying regions and turn coastal cities可知答案选D。16B。概括题。第2段主要讲了一些人为的活动(如CO2 增加)会导致气温的升高，故可知答案为B。17 A。推理题。从 If nothing is done to reduce fossil-fuel pollution and global warming, sea leve
63、ls will rise even more(如果不采取措施减少污染的话，全球气温升高会导致海平面上升)也就是说如果减少一些能源消耗可能对海平面上升有所抑制，故答案选A。18C。细节题。从 the melted ice would evaporate into the atmosphere, refreeze, and fall as rain and snow over the Poles可知答案选C。19C。判断题。从第4段 The ice in Antarctica and Arctic locks up nearly nine times the volume of water con
64、tained in all the worlds rivers and lakes. These are such big “ice cubes” 可知答案为C。20B21C22A23B24C【解析】试题分析：文章介绍了美国音乐的不同种类和它们的演变过程，也介绍这些音乐的表达方式和内涵。20细节题：从文章第一段的句子：To ease their labor, they sang field hollers that they had brought from Africa可知field holler是来自非洲的音乐，选B21细节题：从文章第一段的句子：One person sang a lin
65、eThen a group of workers repeated it可知Shout spirituals 和 field hollers相似因为它们都是一个人唱其他人附和，选C22细节题：从文章倒数第二段的句子：A typical blues stanza, or group of lyrics, has three lines可知一个典型的blues stanza,由三行组成，选A23归纳题：从文章倒数第二段的句子：Blues lyrics describe everyday lifeThe lyrics, often about relationships between men an
66、d women, are often very intense and personalThey tell about sorrow and overworkThey tell about finding or losing love, having money or being broke, being happy or sad and lonelyThe lyrics may use humor to describe lifes trials and joys可知蓝调是一种交流的形式和自我表达的方式，选B24细节题：从文章最后一段的句子：By the 1940s, large numbe
67、rs of African Americans had left the Delta and moved north to work Many settled in Chicago可知非裔美国人会搬到芝加哥因为那里有更多的工作，选C考点：考查文化类短文 25A26C27C28A29 C【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了父母亲对孩子疏于管理，听之任之对学习带来的负面影响。建议父母严格要求自己的孩子。25推理题。根据第三段4,5行内容Television, says Klompus, contributes to childrens passivity.可知看电视是引起学生学习被动的一个主要原因。可得出
68、答案。选A.26推理题：从第三段的句子：“were talking about a generation of kids whove never been hurt or hungryThey have learned somebody will always do it for them. Instead of saying go look it up，you tell them the answerIt takes greater energy to say no to a kid”可知对于文章中描写的孩子说yes比说no容易。选C.27事实细节题。从This is for your ow
69、n good these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin(几年前母亲经常说“这是为了你好”来要求我把事情做好)即作者的母亲过去是很注重纪律的，故答案选C。28猜测句意题。根据横线后面得in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school指在这段时期里，让孩子做他们想做的事情。故A正确。29主旨大意题。文章在第三段中提及父母为孩子做了太多的事情，放任孩子自由，导致孩子没有受到挫折的打击，所以应该对孩子有更高的要求。故C正确。考点：考查教育类短文
