1、（新课标）云南省昆明市第一中学2021届高三英语第一次摸底测试试题（含解析）本试卷共四个部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清 楚，并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置上贴好条形码。2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦擦 干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上的答案无效。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段
2、对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标 在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对 话仅读一遍。1. Who made the bottle fall?A. Lucy. B. Mark. C. Nancy.2. Whats the weather like today?A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.3. Why will the woman come home late today?A. Shell work overtime.B. Shell purchase food at a su
3、permarket.C. Shell discuss her research paper at school。4. What will the woman do next?A. Dress up. B. Drive a car. C. Have a dance。.5. Where are the speakers?A. At the mans home. B. At a clinic. C. At a repair store.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相
4、应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6, 7题。6. How many volunteers showed up last Sunday?A. Five. B. Fifteen. C. Fifty.7. What will the speakers make first?A. Tables. B. Chairs. C. Tool belts.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What do we know about the woman?A. She plays the gu
5、itar.B. She knows a lot about music.C. She studies music in college.9. Whats the mans older brother?A. A student. B. A professor. C. A band member.10 . How long might the concert last?A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What does the man think of the first car?A. Its too u
6、gly. B. Its too small. C. Its too expensive.12. Which car has five seats?A. The black one. B. The red one. C. The blue one.13. What will the man do next?A. Take a test drive. B. Talk to his family. C. Buy the car.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. How far did they walk every day?A. About 10 kilometers. B. About 1
7、3 kilometers. C. About 30 kilometers.15. What problem did they have?A. They couldnt sit in the sun.B. They couldnt walk freely in the mountains.C. They couldnt breathe easily in the thin air sometimes.16. What did the woman enjoy the most about the trip?A. The exercise. B. The food. C. The weather.听
8、第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When did the new zoo open?A. Last Friday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Sunday.18. Whats the new zoo like?A. Small but special. B. Huge and amazing. C. Large and confusing,19. Where are the monkeys?A. In the water area. B. In the jungle area. C. In the land area.20. How much does on
9、e ticket cost?A. $10. B. $20. C. $30.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOur open-top tours enable you to fully appreciate vibrant （充满生机的）Brighton and its renowned seafront, its best shopping areas, and the top-class restaurants at Brighton. Dis
10、cover the city across 15 stops located to get you to visit it all!Places of interestBrighton City Sightseeing Tour takes you to visit one of the south-coasts most popular resorts. This city offers many things to do and places to go, from the striking Royal Pavilion, Regency architecture, and Victori
11、an aquariums, to the famous Brighton Pier, Sea Life Centre, and pebble beach.ToursBuy your 24h ticket online and hop on and off our comfortable double-deckers as much as you like, to get to know the city at your own pace . You can also buy a Tour Plus ticket which includes all day travel on the loca
12、l Brighton & Hove buses.The hop-on and hop-off tours start just west of Brighton Pier. Further information including a lull timetable and map of the route is available at www. city-sightseeing, com.AccommodationIf you need to stay, Brighton & Hove has a wide variety of options to suit all tastes and
13、 budgets. There are guest houses and bed and breakfasts in Brighton & Hove. This is a bustling （热闹的）area of the city with independent restaurants, antique shops and a lively village atmosphere and just a stones throw from the beach. Pub EntertainmentIf you are looking for some entertainment to go wi
14、th your drinks then there are plenty of options at pubs in Brighton. Mrs. Fitzherberts regularly has live bands playing and the Ladies Mile host swing & jazz nights. Above the Grand Central youll find the Nightingale Room with a regular program of events including theatre and comedy.1. Where will yo
15、u choose to visit if you are interested in ocean animal?A. Royal Pavilion.B. Brighton Pier.C. Regency architecture.D. Sea Life Centre.2. What is special about Brighton & Hove?A. It used to be a village.B. It has many old shops.C. It is very peaceful area.D. It is not far from the beach.3. What can v
16、isitors do in both Mrs. Fitzherberts and the Ladies Mile?A. Having drinks.B. Watching comedies.C. Performing with actors.D. Enjoying a live play.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A【解析】本文属于应用文。主要讲述了充满活力和生机的英国城市布莱顿吸引来自全世界的游客，本文介绍在布莱顿旅游的几条小贴士。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“This city offers many things to do and places to go, f
17、rom the striking Royal Pavilion, Regency architecture, and Victorian aquariums, to the famous Brighton Pier, Sea Life Centre, and pebble beach.”可知喜欢海洋动物的游客会选择去海洋生物中心。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段末句“This is a bustling (热闹的) area of the city with independent restaurants, antique shops and a lively village a
18、tmosphere and just a stones throw from the beach.”可知, 这个地区离海滩一箭之遥。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章末段一、二句“If you are looking for some entertain to go with your drinks then there are plenty of options at pubs in Brighton. Mrs. Fitzherberts regularly has live bands playing and the Ladies Mile host swing & jazz nig
19、hts.”可知游客在Mrs. Fitzherberts 和the Ladies Mile两家店都可以饮酒。故选A。BAs I walked down the street on the first day in Dubai last year, the hot air mixed with my excitement, reminding me that I was now in a mysterious habitat. With the curiosity of wanting to try some Arabian food, I excitedly went to a local re
20、staurant. Unexpectedly, an incident happened.The guard standing outside the restaurant said to me, Now is the special festival for Muslims called Eid, during which Muslims go on fasting. Eating is banned before sunset. But I am only a tourist, not a Muslim. You could not restrict my liberty to have
21、dinner, I argued. He firmly answered The tradition of Islam is the same for everyone in Dubai. Once you step on the ground of Abu Dhabi, you should, and you must, obey the rule.Listening to his response, my disappointment turned into annoyance. As a person who knew nothing about Islam, I felt that t
22、heir customs seemed quite unusual. Back to the hotel, I began to search for the information of Eid and came to know that every year there is a period of time that Muslims go on fasting until sunset. For Muslims, the fasting is to purify themselves both physically and mentally.Glancing over the infor
23、mation about Eid, I felt guilty about getting annoyed with the guard. I realized that I should constantly understand and respect others customs and beliefs. Although sometimes the beliefs of people from various backgrounds are quite hard to accept, understanding the situation better before solving c
24、onflicts is much more effective. Only by truly accepting others customs could I learn from the value of their beliefs. I understood the importance of being determined to ones belief, while at the same time learning to possess a passionate attitude towards others.4. What did the author do on the firs
25、t day in Dubai?A. He enjoyed a delicious Arabian meal.B. He made an appointment with the guard.C. He argued with a guard outside a local restaurant.D. He stayed in the hotel because of the hot weather.5. What does the underlined phrase go on fasting in paragraph 2 mean?A. Clean the whole room.B. Sto
26、p eating in a period.C. Refuse to eat in a day.D. Enjoy some entertainments.6. How did the guard in the restaurant talk to the author?A. Enthusiastically.B. Rudely.C. Seriously.D. Impolitely.7. What can we infer from the last paragraph about the author?A. He apologized to the guard.B. He believed in
27、 Islam after the trip.C. He regretted arguing with the guard.D. He changed Muslim customs and beliefs.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C【解析】本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了我在迪拜旅游时碰到一件事：因为当地穆斯林的开斋节，餐馆的门卫不允许他进餐馆就餐。【4题详解】细节理解题。结合文章第二段The guard standing outside the restaurant said to me, Now is the special festival for Muslims calle
28、d Eid, during which Muslims go on fasting. Eating is banned before sunset. But I am only a tourist, not a Muslim. You could not restrict my liberty to have dinner, I argued. He firmly answered The tradition of Islam is the same for everyone in Dubai. Once you step on the ground of Abu Dhabi, you sho
29、uld, and you must, obey the rule. 站在餐馆外面的守卫对我说：“现在是穆斯林的特殊节日，开斋节，穆斯林在这个节日里禁食。日落前禁止进食。”“但我只是个游客，不是穆斯林。你不能限制我吃饭的自由。”我争辩道。他坚定地回答：“伊斯兰教的传统对于迪拜的每个人都是一样的。一旦踏上阿布扎比的土地，你就应该，也必须，遵守规则。”据此可知，在作者踏入迪拜的第一天，和当地一名餐馆门卫发生了争执。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线部分可以定位到文章的第二段。结合划线短语后的句子“Eating is banned before sunset.”饮食在日落前是禁止的。可以推断出，
30、在这个节日期间，是不允许饮食的。go on fasting意思是一段时间内停止进食。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句He firmly answered “The tradition of Islam is the same for everyone in Dubai. Once you step on the ground of Abu Dhabi, you should, and you must, obey the rule.” 他坚定地回答：“伊斯兰教的传统对于迪拜的每个人都是一样的。一旦踏上阿布扎比的土地，你就应该，也必须，遵守规则”。可知, 餐馆的门卫对作者的
31、态度是严肃的。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末段首句“I felt guilty about getting annoyed with the guard.” 我对惹恼了警卫感到内疚。可知，作者对他和餐馆守卫发生争执的事情感到很后悔。故选C。CDo you still remember Jurassic Park, an amazing movie where science brings dinosaurs back from extinction? Now some very smart scientists are working on a way to revive, not
32、 dinosaurs, but other extinct species like the woolly mammoth （长毛象）using the gene editing technology known as CRISPR.As an evolutionary biologist, obviously, it would be amazing to bring back extinct creatures. But even if we can bring them back, we are not going to be able to control how they evolv
33、e in the future. No man is an island and neither is any other creature. We need an ecosystem in order to survive. So we can think a lot about the examples of reintroducing species into the environment, like the gray wolves into Yellowstone. Ecology is very complicated and it certainly wasnt importan
34、t when we first introduce rabbits into Australia, which was a total disaster eventually.All animals like birds and mammals have to learn from their parents. If we bring them back to life, who are going to be around to teach them? We have examples where in California weve had the reproduction of the
35、condors （秃鹰）.What scientists tried to do is to feed the babies using a mother condor puppet. When these poor creatures were released into the wild, they had an unnatural liking for humans. They didnt behave the way they should have, for condors.According to Performing Animal Welfare Society, a healt
36、hy elephant costs about $70,000 per year to care for and an elderly elephant costs a good deal more. Of course, we are not talking about one. Were talking about many creatures. I dont think these creatures will have a future.8. Why does the author mention the film in the first paragraph?A. To recall
37、 an amazing movie.B. To promote some extinct species.C. To introduce the topic to be discussed.D. To get to know some intelligent scientists.9. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 2?A. Humans need a balanced ecosystem to survive.B. To bring back extinct creatures was an
38、 unwise idea.C. Helping endangered species proves to be beneficial for humans.D. There were all sorts of positive effects about reintroducing species.10. Which animal didnt act in its own way?A Condor.B. Gray wolf.C. Rabbit.D. Elephant.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Is Jurassic Par
39、k an Amazing Movie?B. What do Creatures Need to Survive?C. Should We Bring Extinct Animals Back to Life?D. How does an Evolutionary Biologist Protect Animals?【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文作者以话题“是否应该让灭绝的动物复活？”展开讨论，详细地陈述不支持让灭绝动物复活的几点原因。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文中第一段末句“Now some very smart scientists are
40、working on a way to revive, not dinosaurs, but other extinct species like the woolly mammoth (长毛象) using the gene editing technology known as CRISPR.”可知现在，一些非常聪明的科学家正在研究一种复活的方法，不是恐龙，而是其他灭绝的物种，比如长毛猛犸象，使用的是被称为CRISPR的基因编辑技术。及下文的讨论内容，由此判断出，作者提到侏罗纪公园这部电影的目的是为引出是否该复活灭绝物种的话题。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段But even i
41、f we can bring them back, we are not going to be able to control how they evolve in the future. No man is an island and neither is any other creature. We need an ecosystem in order to survive. So we can think a lot about the examples of reintroducing species into the environment, like the gray wolve
42、s into Yellowstone. Ecology is very complicated and it certainly wasnt important when we first introduce rabbits into Australia, which was a total disaster eventually.可知，但即使我们能把它们带回来，我们也无法控制它们在未来如何进化。人类不是孤立存在的，其他生物也不是。为了生存，我们需要一个生态系统。因此，我们可以考虑很多重新引入物种到环境中的例子，就像灰狼进入黄石公园一样。生态学是非常复杂的，当我们第一次把兔子引入澳大利亚的时候
43、，这并不重要，但这是一场灾难。由此判断出，作者想通过第2段的例子告诉我们使灭绝的生物复活是个不明智的主意。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第三段“When these poor creatures were released into the wild, they had an unnatural liking for humans. They didnt behave the way they should have, for condors.”可知，当这些可怜的动物被放生到野外时，它们对人类产生了一种反常的喜爱。对于秃鹰来说，它们的行为不像它们应该做的那样。故选A。【11题详解
44、】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文作者以话题“是否应该让灭绝的动物复活？”展开讨论，详细地陈述不支持让灭绝动物复活的几点原因。所以短文的最佳标题为“我们应该让灭绝的动物复活吗”。故选C项。DWhen we look at Earth from space, we see a blue, watery world. It is no coincidence that three quarters of the surface is covered by oceans. Water is very common in the universe and is essential for lives.
45、But life needs water in the form of liquid, not ice, and not vapor and that is a little bit less common.For a planet to have liquid water at its surface, three things are important. First, the planet needs to be large enough that the force of gravity keeps the water molecules （分子）from flying off int
46、o space. For example, Mars is smaller than Earth, so it has less gravity, and that is one important reason that Mars has a very thin atmosphere. Second, the planet needs to have an atmosphere. Without an atmosphere, the planet is in a vacuum （真空）,and liquid water isnt stable in a vacuum. For example
47、, our moon has no atmosphere, so if you spill some water on the moon, it will either boil away as vapor, or freeze solid to make ice. Third, the planet needs to be at the right distance from its star.If you were an alien astronomer, youd think Venus is a pretty good bet for life. It is the right siz
48、e. It has an atmosphere and it is in the habitable zone of our sun. But Venus is not habitable, at least not at its surface. It is too hot, because Venus atmosphere is full of carbon dioxide, an important greenhouse gas. In fact, its atmosphere is almost entirely carbon dioxide, and almost 100 times
49、 thicker than our own. As a result, the temperature on Venus is hot enough to melt lead, and the planet is dry as a bone.So finding a suitable planet for humans to live on is only a beginning. Dont expect much.12. What do we know about water from the text?A. Water has two forms.B. Water is a necessi
50、ty for humans.C. It is common to see liquid water on the moon.D. Water flies into space easily with the help of gravity.13. Venus is not suitable for humans to live on because .A. It is very hotB. It has no atmosphereC. It is far from the SunD. It is smaller than Earth14. What is the authors attitud
51、e to finding a planet for humans to live on?A. Positive.B. Passive.C. Hopeful.D. Desperate.15. What is the text mainly about?A. Water changes its forms.B. A living problem on Venus.C. The research of an alien astronomer.D. Conditions for a habitable globe for humans.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D【解析】本文
52、属于说明文。介绍了水是地球成为符合人类居住的基本条件的三个要素，并分析为什么火星、月球和金星不适合人类居住。【12题详解】细节理解题。结合第一段第三句“Water is very common in the universe and is essential for lives.”水在宇宙中是普遍的,并且是生命的必需品。据此可知，人类的生存离不开水。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第三段第五句中内容“It is too hot, because Venus atmosphere is full of carbon dioxide, an important greenhouse ga
53、s.” 天气太热了，因为金星的大气层充满了二氧化碳，这是一种重要的温室气体。由此可知，火星上温度太热，不适合人居住。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末段内容So finding a suitable planet for humans to live on is only a beginning. Dont expect much. 所以找到一个适合人类居住的星球只是个开始，别抱太大希望。可以推断，作者对寻找适合人类居住的星球持消极态度。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据通读全文可知，根据第二段For a planet to have liquid water at its su
54、rface, three things are important.介绍了水是地球成为符合人类居住的基本条件的三个要素，并分析为什么火星、月球和金星不适合人类居住。选项D“适合人类居住的地球的条件”能概括主旨大意。故选D。第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When you are looking for jobs, one thing that cannot be ignored is how much you could earn. _16_ which career path should you t
55、ake? A new list released by Careercast, com, a leading US careers website, has given the important information for the US._17_. Being a surgeon, for instance, requires more than ten years of preparation, from undergraduate studies through medical school and a residency program （住院医生项目）in the US. Bei
56、ng a lawyer also requires a postgraduate degree and the passing of state bar exams （州律师考试）in the US, reported Careercast.These jobs are not easy to get in China, either. To be a doctor, you have to finish five years college study and complete a yearlong internship. To be qualified as a lawyer, the f
57、irst step is to pass the National Judicial Examination, one of the hardest exams in the country with a pass rate of about 10 percent, according to the Ministry of Justice. _18_High pay also means high pressure. To be an air traffic controller earns a lot. You dont need a graduate degree. _19_ Air tr
58、affic controllers have to pay a lot of attention to detail under the highest of pressure._20_ What you consider a great job may be as unique as your personality. Your future job is probably different from your friends and you will get a good payment.A. Try as you mightB. If you want to be paid wellC
59、. A high salary might mean everythingD. Most of the best-paying jobs are hard to getE. But you do have to experience a lot of stressF. However, dont be disappointed if your dream job isnt on the listG. After that you have to take the Lawyers Qualification Examination【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. E 20. F
60、【解析】这是一篇说明文。每个人就业前都会仔细考虑选择什么样的职业。美国的一家网站C分享一份重要的信息帮助人们选择高薪的职业。【16题详解】根据上一句When you are looking for jobs, one thing that cannot be ignored is how much you could earn. 当你找工作时，赚多少薪水是不可忽略的一件事。可知此处内容与薪水和工作有关，选项B“假如想得到满意的薪水，你会选择什么职业呢？”最符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】此处是本段主旨句。根据下文To be a doctor, you have to finish five y
61、ears college study and complete a yearlong internship. To be qualified as a lawyer, the first step is to pass the National Judicial Examination要成为一名医生，你必须完成五年的大学学习和一年的实习。要想成为一名合格的律师，第一步是要通过国家司法考试。可知此处内容与高薪职业的学业很难有关，选项D “大多数高薪职业都很难完成学业。”最符合题意。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文To be qualified as a lawyer, the first step
62、 is to pass the National Judicial Examination, one of the hardest exams in the country with a pass rate of about 10 percent, according to the Ministry of Justice. 要想成为一名合格的律师，第一步就是要通过国家司法考试，据司法部介绍，这是中国最难的考试之一，通过率约为10%。可知此处与要成为一名合格的律师下一步做什么有关，选项G“之后你还得考律师资格证”最符合题意。故选G。【19题详解】根据上文High pay also means h
63、igh pressure. 高薪也意味着压力大。以及You dont need a graduate degree. 你不需要研究生学位。可知此处内容与要经受高压力有关，选项E“但是你得经历高压。”最符合题意。故选E。【20题详解】此处是本段主旨句。根据下文What you consider a great job may be as unique as your personality. Your future job is probably different from your friends and you will get a good payment. 你认为好的工作可能和你的个性
64、一样独特。你未来的工作可能与你的朋友不同，你会得到很好的报酬。可知此处内容与没有理想工作也不要感到失望有关，选项F“然而，如果你的理想工作不在名单上，也不要失望。”故选F。第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Washington is home to lots of trees. It is the Evergreen State, and lots of fireplaces and wood-burning stove
65、s there too. But what if you lived there and couldnt cut wood or couldnt afford to pay someone to do it? _21_Shane McDaniel and his twin sons are _22_ to lend a hand. The three men _23_ truckloads of wood, and then donate it to those _24_ . They want to help people who are burning cardboard because
66、theyve got nothing or someone 75 with no money who has a _25_ shoulder and cant cut wood .The idea started as a father-son bonding _26_. I had to cut wood with my dad. He just _27_ doing it, says one of the son. They spent the summer of 2018 cutting wood day after day. The _28_ was a great wall of w
67、ood _29_ around their house. Technically, to _30_ that much would cost about $10, 000.It was too _31_ for the McDaniels to use themselves, and when the weather turned_32_thatNovember, Shane started thinking of others. He posted on Facebook: If you want some firewood and cant _33_ it, please PM (pers
68、onal message) ME! If you know someone who bums wood, and theyre living in a cold house this holiday season, please help us _34_them. Please help me and my _35_make sure no one goes cold in our neighborhood.The _36_ was immediate One man _37_ to donate a wood-burning stove. Others raced over to Norms
69、, the shop Shane owns, with more _38_ for the pile. Single mom Katelyn Ticer and her daughter rely on a wood-burning stove as their only source of _39_ . so it was a _40_ to receive a truckload of firewood from the McDaniels before the holidays. To get that much wood brought me to tears, she told ms
70、n. com, So much stress and anxiety is off my shoulders. I couldnt be more thankful. ”21. A. SuddenlyB. LuckilyC. SlowlyD. Actually22. A. happyB. excitedC. braveD. surprised23. A. buyB. borrowC. cutD. desert24. A. in sightB. in doubtC. in dangerD. in need25. A. strongB. brokenC. broadD. narrow26. A.
71、projectB. partyC. ceremonyD. challenge27. A. resistedB. allowedC. lovedD. risked28. A. problemB. factC. advantageD. result29. A. put upB. cast offC. piled upD. cut off30. A. makeB. purchaseC. advertiseD. donate31. A. terribleB. wonderfulC. littleD. much32. A. coldB. warmC. windyD. pleasant33. A. tak
72、eB. affordC. carryD. sharpen34. A. findB. accompanyC. hugD. kiss35. A. neighborsB. friendsC. colleaguesD. boys36. A. actionB. responseC. campaignD. conflict37 A. pretendedB. refusedC. offeredD. dared38. A. cardboardB. moneyC. stovesD. wood39. A. pleasureB. warmthC. calmnessD. strength40. A. reliefB.
73、 successC. shockD. burden【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了有爱的McDaniel一家为寒冷中的人们“雪中送炭”，送去温暖的故事。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，Shane McDaniel和他的双胞胎儿子很乐意帮忙。A.Suddenly突然地；B.Luckily幸运地；C.Slowly缓慢地；D.Actually事
74、实上。根据Shane McDaniel and his twin sons are 2 to lend a hand可知此处表示幸运。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，Shane McDaniel和他的双胞胎儿子很乐意帮忙。A.happy乐意的，快乐的；B.excited兴奋的；C.brave勇敢的；D.surprised感到惊讶的。根据下文They want to help people who are burning cardboard 可知表示乐意帮忙。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三个人砍下了一卡车的木头，然后捐赠给有需要的人。A.buy买；B
75、.borrow借；C.cut切下；D.desert遗弃。根据上文But what if you lived there and couldnt cut wood or couldnt afford to pay someone to do it? 可知此处表示砍木头。故选C。【24题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这三个人砍下了一卡车的木头，然后捐赠给有需要的人。A.in sight在即，在望；B.in doubt可怀疑；C.in danger在危险中；D.in need有需要，在困难中。根据下文They want to help people who are burning cardboa
76、rd because theyve got nothing or someone 75 with no money可知此处表示有需要木头的人。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们想帮助那些因为身无分文而烧纸板的人，或者那些因为肩膀受伤而不能伐木的75岁却没有钱的人。A.strong强壮的；B.broken受伤的，破碎的；C.broad宽的；D.narrow狭窄的。根据and cant cut wood可知此处表示肩膀受伤的人。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个想法始于一个父亲与儿子联合起来做的项目。A.project计划，项目；B.party聚会；C.cerem
77、ony典礼，仪式；D.challenge挑战。根据“I had to cut wood with my dad. He just 7 doing it, ”says one of the son. 可知此处表示是作为父子联合做的一个项目。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我需要和父亲一同伐木，他就是爱做这个事。”其中一个儿子说。A.resisted反抗；B.allowed允许；C.loved喜爱；D.risked冒风险。根据hey spent the summer of 2018 cutting wood day after day. 可知此处表示爱做砍木头这件事。故选C。【28
78、题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其结果就是得到了高高的一堆木头堆在房子周围。A.problem问题；B.fact事实；C.advantage优势；D.result结果，成绩。根据a great wall of wood 可知此处表示结果。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：其结果就是得到了高高的一堆木头堆在房子周围。A.put up提供，建造；B.cast off抛弃，摆脱；C.piled up堆积；D.cut off切断，中断。根据 around their house可知此处表示堆了一堆木头。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从技术上讲，购买这么多木头将花费大约1
79、万美元。A.make使得，进行，准备；B.purchase购买，获得；C.advertise通知，做广告；D.donate捐赠。根据would cost about $10, 000可知此处表示购买这些木头。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：McDaniels一家自己用起来确实太多了，当那个11月天气转冷时，谢恩开始为别人着想。A.terrible可怕的；B.wonderful极好的，精彩的；C.little小的，很少的；D.much大量的。根据If you want some firewood and cant 13 it, please PM (personal messag
80、e) ME! 可知此处表示自己家用这些木头太多了。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：McDaniels一家自己用起来确实太多了，当11月的时候天气变冷，Shane 开始为他人着想了。A.cold冷的；B.warm温暖的，热情的；C.windy多风的；D.pleasant令人愉快的。根据that November可知此处表示转冷。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你需要一些木头做燃料却买不起的话，可以私信我。A.take拿，取；B.afford买得起，给予；C.carry拿，携带；D.sharpen削尖。根据please PM (personal message)
81、ME可知此处表示买不起木头的时候。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你认识住在寒冷的屋子里，需要木头燃料的人，请帮助我们找到他们。A.find发现，寻找；B.accompany陪伴；C.hug拥抱；D.kiss接吻。根据If you know someone who bums wood可知此处表示帮忙寻找。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：请帮帮我和我的男孩们，确保我们的社区没有人会冻死。A.neighbors邻居；B.friends朋友；C.colleagues同事；D.boys男孩们。根据上文says one of the son可知此处表示男孩们。故选D。【3
82、6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：立即有回应了。A.action行动；B.response响应，回应；C.campaign运动；D.conflict冲突，矛盾。根据was immediate可知此处表示回应。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个人主动捐赠了一个烧木柴的火炉。A.pretended假装；B.refused拒绝；C.offered主动提供，提议；D.dared敢于。根据to donate a wood-burning stove可知此处表示主动提供一个烧木柴的火炉。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人带着木头跑到Shane拥有的商店里，给那一大堆木头
83、再做添加。A.cardboard纸板；B.money钱；C.stoves火炉；D.wood木头。根据for the pile可知此处表示木头。故选D。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：单身妈妈Katelyn Ticer和她的女儿依靠燃烧木材的火炉作为他们唯一的取暖来源。A.pleasure快乐，希望；B.warmth温暖，热情；C.calmness冷静；D.strength力量，长处。根据rely on a wood-burning stove 可知此处表示温暖的来源。故选B。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，在假期前能从McDaniels家得到一卡车柴火，真是一种安慰。A.re
84、lief减轻，安慰；B.success成功；C.shock震惊；D.burden负担，责任。根据下文So much stress and anxiety is off my shoulders. I couldnt be more thankful.可知收到一卡车的木头燃料是一件令人感到安慰的事。故选A。第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内的正确形式。Peoples lives are strongly affected by the sun. If you live in the Italian countryside, y
85、ou _41_(probable) like to spend a lot of time _42_(play) out of the house. You feel the effects of the sun even in a big city, like Shanghai with its forests of tall buildings. Even during the night, you are sure the sun will come back by morning. But what if you live in a place _43_ Longyearbyen, N
86、orway? It is the worlds most _44_(north) town. About one thousand and eight hundred people live there and they have _45_ different view of the sun. In fact, for about four months of the year, the sun never sets. And for another four months, it never _46_(rise).In Norwegian, Longyearbyen means The Lo
87、ngyear Town”. It was named after a person _47_ last name happened _48_(be) Longyear. But the people in the town must all have a really difficult time during the long year. It is very cold and dark up there, especially during the _49_( sun) part! I couldnt make _50_ for more than one day in a place l
88、ike that!【答案】41. probably 42. playing 43. like 44. northern 45. a 46. rises 47. whose 48. to be 49. sunless 50. it【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍世界上离北极最近的城市朗伊尔城，大约有一千八百人住在那里，一年中大约有四个月太阳从不落下。在接下来的四个月里便再也没有阳光。那里非常寒冷和黑暗，尤其是在没有阳光的时候。【41题详解】考查副词。修饰后文动词like，应用副词probably，作状语。故填probably。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你住在意大利乡村，你可能喜欢
89、花很多时间在户外玩耍。结合句意表示“花时间做某事”短语为spend time doing sth.。故填playing。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：但如果你住在像朗伊尔城这样的地方呢？根据句意表示“像Longyearbyen这样的地方”应用介词like。故填like。【44题详解】考查形容词。修饰后文名词town，应用形容词northern，作定语，意为“北边的城镇”。故填northern。【45题详解】考查冠词。view此处为泛指，应用不定冠词，且different为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【46题详解】考查动词时态。此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语为it，故谓语动词用第
90、三人称单数。故填rises。【47题详解】考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词person，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。【48题详解】考查固定短语。句意：它是以一个碰巧姓朗伊尔的人的名字命名的。结合句意表示“碰巧做某事”短语为happen to do。故填to be。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：那里非常寒冷和黑暗，尤其是在没有阳光的地方。修饰后文名词part，应用形容词作定语，且表示“没有阳光的”形容词为sunless。故填sunless。【50题详解】考查代词。句意：我在那样的地方呆一天都不行！结合句意表示“成功、顺利做完某事”短语为make it
91、。故填it。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：短文改错(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错 误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Alice really liked her little brother, Donald. They usua
92、lly have fun together. Their favorite toy were blocks. The children used to play with them for three hours! Alice was little aggressive sometimes, so Donald didnt seem to mind. He was such a cheerful little boy. As they grew old, though, Donald started getting angrily with his big sister. That was b
93、ecause she often took his toys from her. She wouldnt even ask him first. Over time, Donald stopped want to play with Alice. He would hide his toys from her and cried when she came near to him. Alice became very sad. Their mother Mary noticed that was happening and said, Alice, if you give instead of
94、 take, Donald will want to play with you again. ”【答案】1. have had2.toytoys3.was后加a4.so but5.old older6.angrily angry7.her him8.want wanting9.删除to10that what【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文，叙述了姐弟俩之间的日常生活和亲情。【详解】1. 考查时态。短文在叙述过去发生的事情，所以应把have改为had。故have改为had。2. 考查名词。toy为可数名词，因为be动词为were，所以主语是复数形式，因此把toy改为toys。故toy改为toys
95、。3. 考查冠词。little表达否定含义，而该句应该意为“Alice有时候有一点儿霸道，但是Donald似乎并不介意。”，所以要在little前加a，a little 意为“一点儿”。故was后加a。4. 考查连词。根据句意，“Alice有时候有一点儿霸道，但是Donald似乎并不介意。”因此把so改为but， 前后构成转折关系。故so改为but。5. 考查形容词比较级。根据下文可知，此处应指“当他们长大了一点儿时候”。所以应该用old的比较级形式older，与之前更小时候作对比。故old改为older。6. 考查形容词。因为get在这里是系动词，所以后面要加形容词构成系表结构，所以改ang
96、rily为angry。故angrily改为angry。7. 考查人称代词。结合上文内容可知，“Donald开始对姐姐生气，这是因为姐姐经常从他那里把玩具抢走。”所以改her为him，因为是从弟弟那里抢走的。故her改为him。8. 考查动名词。根据句意“Donald不和Alice玩了”，stop doing意为“停止做某事”，符合句意。故want改为wanting。9. 考查固定短语。come near sb. 意为“走近某人”，固定短语，后面不能加to，所以删去to。故删去to。10. 考查连接代词。notice后面是一个宾语从句，该从句中缺主语且指事，所以应该用what来充当从句的主语。故
97、that改为what。第二节：书面表达(满分25分)52. 假定你是李华，你校外教史密斯先生想学习中国书法(calligraphy),请你给些建议。请根据所给提 示，给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括：1. 练习书法的技巧；2. 学习书法的意义；3. 给他鼓励和信心。注意：1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Mr. Smith,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】One possible version:Dear Mr. Smith,Im delighted to learn that you are interested in learning Chinese call
98、igraphy. I feel honored to offer you some practical suggestions.Actually, you may feel it hard to write with a writing brush in the beginning, so its a good idea to learn some basic writing skills either from a Chinese teacher or from teaching videos on the Internet. Besides, paying attention to the
99、 use of excellent calligraphy models always counts. Last but not least, just as the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect”. Practice with patience and youll make progress in time. Meanwhile, youll gain a better understanding of Chinese culture and history by learning Chinese calligraphy. I hope my ad
100、vice will be of some help to you.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，假定你是李华，你校外教史密斯先生想学习中国书法(calligraphy),请你给些建议。请根据所给提 示，给他回一封电子邮件。内容包括：1. 练习书法的技巧；2. 学习书法的意义；3. 给他鼓励和信心第二，人称为第一人称、第二人称和第三人称。第三，时态为一般现在时和一般将来时。第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，很高兴得知史
101、密斯先生对学习中国书法感兴趣。很荣幸能给史密斯先生一些切实可行的建议。第二段，1. 练习书法的技巧；2. 学习书法的意义；3. 给他鼓励和信心。第三段，表达期望。第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: be interested in, paying attention to，make progress，gain a better understanding of.第四步：确定较为高级的句子:第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接: it 做形式主语和形式宾语Actually, you may feel it hard to write with a writing brush in the
102、 beginning, so its a good idea to learn some basic writing skills either from a Chinese teacher or from teaching videos on the Internet. that引导的宾语从句Im delighted to learn that you are interested in learning Chinese calligraphy.第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: it 做形式主
103、语和形式宾语Actually, you may feel it hard to write with a writing brush in the beginning, so its a good idea to learn some basic writing skills either from a Chinese teacher or from teaching videos on the Internet. that引导的宾语从句Im delighted to learn that you are interested in learning Chinese calligraphy.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力
