1、题型综合练(八)一、阅读理解文体夹叙夹议题材文化教育In a class this past December，after I wrote some directions on the board for students about their final examination，one young woman quickly took a picture of the board using her smartphone.When I looked in her direction，she apologized，“Sorry.Was it wrong to take a picture？”
2、“I cant read my own handwriting，”the young woman explained.“Its best if I take a picture of your writing so I can understand the notes.”That remark started a classwide discussion about taking a picture instead of taking notes.For those in the phototaking camp，motivations extended beyond their inabil
3、ity to comprehend their own handwriting.Some took pictures of notes because they knew their phone was a safe place to store material.They might lose paper，they reasoned，but they wouldnt lose their phones.Some took photos because they wanted to record exactly the manner in which I had noted informati
4、on on the board.Others told me that during class they liked to be able to listen to the discussion attentively.Yet the use of cameras as note takers，though it may be convenient，does raise significant questions for the classroom.Is a picture an effective replacement for the process of notetaking?Inst
5、ructors encourage students to take notes because the act of doing so is more than merely recording necessary informationIt helps prepare the way for understanding.Encouraging students to take notes may be an oldfashioned instructional method with a long history，but it doesnt mean its out of date.Wri
6、ting things down engages a students brain in listening，visual，and kinesthetic(触觉的)learninga view supported by a longstanding research.The act of writing down information enables a person to begin committing it to memory，and to process and combine it，establishing the building blocks of learning new c
7、oncepts.Taking a picture does indeed record the information，but it deletes some of the necessary mental engagement that taking notes employs.So can the two be equally effective?Im not sure how to measure the effectiveness of either method.For now，I allow students to take notes however they see fitha
8、ndwritten or photographedbecause I figure that some notes，no matter the method of notetaking，are better than none.语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者就一次课堂上学生用手机拍下黑板上的笔记而发起了讨论。学生应该用传统的手写笔记还是用现代化的电子设备拍照记录笔记？哪种方法更有效果？1The woman apologized in the class because she_.Atook a picture of the boardBmissed the teachers directi
9、onsChad the bad handwritingDdisturbed other studentslearning解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的she apologized，“Sorry.Was it wrong to take a picture？”可知，那位女士道歉是因为她把黑板上的内容拍照了。故选A项。答案：A2Students refuse to take notes by hand because_.Athey are unable to take notesBthey are more likely to lose paper of notesCthey are i
10、nterested in using their phonesDthey have a good memory of teachersinstructions解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句Some took pictures of notes because they knew their phone was a safe place to store material.They might lose paper，they reasoned，but they wouldnt lose their phones.可知，他们认为手机是一个储存资料的安全的地方。他们可能会丢掉纸张，但不会丢掉
11、手机。故选B项。答案：B3According to the passage，taking notes by hand_.Arequires students to think independentlyBis unsuitable for students to learn new ideasChelps students actively participate in learningDproves to be an old and useless learning method解析：推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第二句Writing things down engages a students
12、 brain in listening，visual，and kinesthetic learninga view supported by a longstanding research.可知，手写笔记可以让学生的大脑在听觉、视觉和触觉等方面都得到运用，即帮助学生主动参与学习。故选C项。答案：C4Whats the authors opinion toward taking notes by phone?ASupportive.BNeutral.CDoubtful.DDisapproving.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者不确定手写笔记和拍照记笔记两种方法到底哪种更有效。作者认为不
13、管用哪种方法，记笔记总比不记笔记好。由此可以推断，作者的观点是中立的。故选B项。答案：B二、完形填空文体议论文题材文化教育When was the last time you picked something up to read？You can_1_your answer on your lack of time if you must，but you are missing a lot of wonderful_2_of reading.Reading can_3_peoples lives in some of the following ways：_4_and spiritually.
14、Also，you can acquire_5_information and enrich your knowledge.Firstly，the activity of reading helps exercise your mind，_6_your mind begins to bend and flex(伸缩)mentally when you are reading.Just like taking physical exercise helps you keep slim，_7_reading routine ensures that the reading muscle stays
15、in good_8_.Keep on reading，and what you need is a_9_to make reading a part of your life.Secondly，reading can also improve your_10_to focus.Burying your head in a book can free you from your everyday troubles and_11_for a while.When the mind is trained，it begins to focus on what you are doing_12_you
16、can forget those unpleasant things.Thats why reading keeps you in good spirits.Thirdly，there is no greater_13_to getting information than through reading.You can_14_your mind greatly if you insist on reading.You can_15_the knowledge left by those who came before you，which has_16_changed your lives.N
17、early all successful people will tell you that they have learned_17_things by reading and that there is at least one book that has greatly changed their lives.In short，reading can help you to_18_a solid basis for your future，which will allow you to_19_many goals you have for your life.Reading_20_you
18、r success in the future.Start reading right now and youll make it.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了阅读会从精神和心灵上改善你的生活，也能使你获得大量的信息，并丰富你的知识。1A.concentrateBputCblameDpass解析：根据上文When was the last time you picked something up to read？这个问题可知，你可以把你自己(很久没读书)的答案归咎于自己缺少时间。blame.on.是固定搭配，意为“把归咎于”。故C项正确。答案：C2A.aimsBmotivationsC
19、traditionsDbenefits解析：根据文章第二段的内容可知，读书有很多好处。因此，此处是说你不读书就会错过读书的益处。故D项benefits(益处)正确。答案：D3A.presentBimproveCassessDprove解析：根据下文Secondly，reading can also improve your.可知，此处是说阅读能改善人们的生活。故B项improve(改善)正确。答案：B4A.sociallyBmateriallyCphysicallyDmentally解析：根据下文Firstly，the activity of reading helps exercise yo
20、ur mind以及and连接的spiritually可知，此处是说阅读能在心灵上和精神上改善人们的生活。故D项mentally(精神上地)正确。答案：D5A.abundantBlimitedCprivateDabsurd解析：根据空后的enrich your knowledge可知，阅读能丰富你的知识，由此可以判断，通过阅读你可以获取大量的信息。故A项abundant(丰富的；大量的)正确。答案：A6A.asBsoCorDbut解析：根据空前的the activity of reading helps exercise your mind可知，后半句是解释其中的原因。故A项as(因为)正确。答
21、案：A7A.usualBregularCcommonDnormal解析：根据空后的reading routine及下文的make reading a part of your life可知，此处是指有规律的阅读。故B项regular(有规律的)正确。答案：B8A.sizeBshapeCheightDweight解析：根据Just like taking physical exercise helps you keep slim，_7_reading routine ensures.可知，锻炼身体能使你保持苗条，那么跟锻炼身体一样，阅读能确保你的阅读肌肉保持好的状态。in good shape是
22、固定搭配，意为“状态好”，故B项shape(状况)正确。答案：B9A.barrierBforceCdeterminationDprocess解析：根据上下文可知，坚持阅读，你所需要的是让阅读成为生活一部分的决心。故C项determination(决心)正确。答案：C10A.abilityBdecisionCstrengthDposition解析：根据下文Burying your head in a book can free you from your everyday troubles.可知，阅读能让我们摆脱烦恼。由此可以判断，阅读能提升专注的能力。故A项ability(能力)正确。答案：A
23、11A.thrillsBchallengesCexcitementsDworries解析：根据空前的并列宾语troubles以及下文you can forget those unpleasant things可知，阅读可使你摆脱日常烦恼和担心。故D项worries(担心)正确。答案：D12A.in caseBas ifCso thatDonly if解析：根据空前的When the mind is trained，it begins to focus on what you are doing可知，当你的头脑得到锻炼时，它会集中精力到你所做的事情上。这样做的目的是使你能够忘记那些不愉快的事情。
24、故C项so that(为了)正确。答案：C13A.answerBsolutionCattitudeDapproach解析：根据常识可知，阅读是获取信息的一个方法。an approach to doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”。故D项正确。答案：D14A.increaseBexplainCexpandDexpress解析：根据上文you can acquire_information and enrich your knowledge可知，通过阅读，你可以获取大量的信息并丰富你的知识。由此可以推断，如果坚持阅读，你能拓宽你的思维。故C项expand(扩展)正确。答案：C15A
25、.take inBwork outCgive upDshow off解析：根据本段第一句话中的getting information可知，此处是指通过阅读，你能获得前人留给你的知识。故A项take in(获得)正确。答案：A16A.secretlyBbravelyCpurposelyDpositively解析：根据上文there is no greater_13_to getting information than through reading可知，没有比读书更好的获取信息的方法。因此，此处是说前人留下来的知识已经积极地改变了你的生活。故D项positively(积极地)正确。答案：D17
26、A.fewerBmoreCworseDeasier解析：根据空后的there is at least one book that has greatly changed their lives可知，成功人士通过读书学到了更多的东西。故B项more(更多的)正确。答案：B18A.buildBofferCapplyDput解析：build a solid basis for.是固定搭配，意为“为建立坚实的基础”。故A项build(建立)正确。答案：A19A.establishBachieveCimagineDmiss解析：achieve a goal是固定搭配，意为“实现目标”。故B项achiev
27、e(实现)正确。答案：B20A.results fromBlies inCcontributes toDmakes up解析：根据上文reading can help you to_18_a solid basis for your future，which will allow you to_19_many goals you have for your life可知，阅读能帮助你为将来奠定坚实的基础，这使得你实现很多目标。因此，阅读有助于你将来的成功。故C项contributes to(有助于)正确。答案：C三、语法填空文体议论文题材社会文化Many of us were raised w
28、ith the saying“Waste not，want not”None of us，however，can 1._(complete)avoid waste in our lives.Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potential talents，our own time，our limited 2._ _(nature)resources，our money,3._other peoples time，each of us can become more aware and careful.The smal
29、lest good habits can make a big 4._(differ)Its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our best in a world 5._is in serious trouble.By focusing on 6._(save)oil，water，paper，food，and clothing，we are playing 7._part in cutting down on waste.We must keep reminding 8._(we)that it is easier to g
30、et into something than it is to get out of it.Actually，severe damage 9._(do)to our land is fairly recent in the course of our history.Its time for us to say“no”to waste so that our grandchildrens children 10._ _(be)able to develop well.We cant solve all the problems of waste，but we can encourage min
31、dfulness.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。我们从小就被教育要俭以防匮，包括时间、潜能、自然资源、金钱等。一些微不足道的好习惯也能产生巨大的影响。我们要时刻提醒自己不能浪费，这样我们的后代才能生活得更好。1解析：考查词性转换。句意为：但是，我们没有人能在生活中完全避免浪费。修饰动词avoid用副词，故填形容词complete的副词形式completely。答案：completely2解析：考查词性转换。句意为：不管我们是在浪费自己的潜能、自己的时间、有限的自然资源、自己的金钱还是别人的时间，我们每一个人都可以变得更有意识、更加谨慎。修饰名词resources用形容词，故填名词nature的形容
32、词形式natural，意为“自然的”。答案：natural3解析：考查连词。句意见上一题解析。whether.or.为固定搭配，意为“不管是还是”。答案：or4解析：考查词性转换。句意为：最微不足道的好习惯也能发挥巨大的作用。形容词后接名词形式。make a difference为固定短语，意为“有影响；起作用”。故填动词differ的名词形式difference。答案：difference5解析：考查定语从句。句意为：在一个深陷困境的世界里，我们的内心清楚自己正在尽最大的努力做好，这种感觉是非常好的。分析句子结构可知，此处填关系代词that/which引导定语从句，修饰先行词world，并在
33、从句中作主语。答案：that/which6解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：通过集中精力节省油、水、纸张、食物和衣物，我们就是在减少浪费方面发挥作用。介词后接动名词作宾语。故填saving，意为“节省”。答案：saving7解析：考查冠词。句意见上一题解析。play a part in sth.为固定搭配，意为“在某方面发挥作用”。答案：a8解析：考查代词。句意为：我们必须一直提醒自己，习惯养成容易改掉难。宾语与主语为同一人，故用反身代词ourselves。答案：ourselves9解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：事实上，对我们土地造成的严重损害也不过是历史进程中最近发生的事。分析句子结构可知，句中
34、真正的谓语动词是is，因此此处用非谓语动词形式。根据句意可知，设空处在句中作名词damage的定语，与逻辑主语damage之间为被动关系，故填过去分词形式done。答案：done10解析：考查动词的时态。句意为：是我们向浪费说“不”的时候了，这样我们的子孙后代才能得到更好的发展。根据句意可知，此处应用将来时表示对未来的期盼。答案：will be四、短文改错Dear Editor，Im sorry to occupy your precious time，and I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people
35、 keeping too many pets nowadays.I take a problem more and more seriously for the following reasons.First of all，as it is known to people，pets make so much noise that they troubled residents a lot.Whats more，it is widely accepted that animal waste pollutes the environment，where makes people quite unc
36、omfortable.Many owners like taking their pets to public place where they may frighten children or even bite people.The mostly important is that pets can spread some diseases and this has attracted much attention.Take all these factors into consideration，I sincerely hope that I can get help from you
37、and expect the media do something for this.Yours truly，Wang Lin答案：Dear Editor，Im sorry to occupy your precious time， I really want to tell you about the problem of some people keeping too many pets nowadays.I take problem more and more seriously for the following reasons.First of all，as it is known
38、to people，pets make so much noise that they residents a lot.Whats more，it is widely accepted that animal waste pollutes the environment， makes people quite uncomfortable.Many owners like taking their pets to public where they may frighten children or even bite people.The important is that pets can s
39、pread some diseases and this has attracted much attention. all these factors into consideration，I sincerely hope that I can get help from you and expect the media do something for this.Yours truly，Wang Lin第一处：andbut考查连词。句意为：很抱歉占用您的宝贵时间，但是我真的想跟您说说现在人们饲养太多宠物的问题。上下文之间为转折关系，故将and改为but。第二处：anythingsometh
40、ing考查代词。根据句意可知，此处表达的是肯定的意思。在肯定句中，通常用something表示“某事；某物”。故将anything改为something。第三处：athe考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指上文提到的problem，故将不定冠词a改为定冠词the。第四处：删除it考查定语从句。关系代词as引导定语从句，修饰整个句子。在定语从句中，关系代词与所替代的句子成分不能重复出现，故删除it。第五处：troubledtrouble考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，本文用的是一般现在时。故将troubled改为trouble。第六处：wherewhich考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，关系代
41、词指代前面的整个主句，在从句中作主语，此时要用which。关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语。故将where改为which。第七处：placeplaces考查名词单复数。句意为：许多(宠物)主人喜欢把宠物带到公共场所，在那里宠物可能会吓到小孩，甚至咬到人。此处泛指多处公共场所，应该用复数形式。故将place改为places。第八处：mostlymost考查形容词的最高级。多音节形容词的最高级要在其前加most。故将mostly改为most。第九处：TakeTaking考查非谓语动词。本句中hope是谓语动词，因此take要用非谓语动词形式；take与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，故将Take改为Taking。第十处：do前加to考查非谓语动词。在“expect sb.to do”结构中，动词不定式作宾补。故在动词do前加to。
